Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb Research Articles

Tangible economic value of non-timber forest products from peat swamp forest in Kampar, Indonesia

Abstract. Simangunsong BCH, Manurung EGT, Elias, Hutagaol MP, Tarigan J, Prabawa SB. 2020. Tangible economic value of non-timber forest products from peat swamp forest in Kampar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5954-5960. Development of alternative economy based on non-timber forest products usage is an important means to prevent forest conversion and preserve the quality of a forest ecosystem. The main objectives of this study were to identify and calculate the economic value from tangible/marketable perspective of the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) provided by peat swamp forest in Kampar, Sumatra, Indonesia. This is one of the largest remaining peat swamp forest ecosystems in the country. Seven villages located around that forest ecosystem with total forest cover area of 201,224 ha were chosen as samples. A conversion return approach was used to estimate the economic value of non-timber forest products. The results showed 18 kinds of non-timber forest products were identified, but only seven were used commercially by community. They are jungle rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), sago (Metroxylon sp.), swiftlet nest (Aerodramus fuciphagus), honey, betel nut (Areca catechu L), Agathis resin (Agathis dammara), and pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) The obtained economic value of NTFPs was very low, which was about Rp 9,367.4 (or US$0.68 ha-1 yr-1). Market development of non-timber forest products is then crucial, and the government should play an important role in promoting it in collaboration with private companies. Non-marketed non-timber forest products and various environmental services should also be taken into account to measure that peat swamp forest ecosystem value. Otherwise, concerns about the sustainability of that forest ecosystem in Indonesia due to undervaluation of forest resources will continue.

Antioxidant activity, total phenolics and flavonoids contents of Pandanus amaryllifolius (Roxb.)

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. was commonly used in Vietnam as a fragrance because of its aroma. These aromatic plants are the primary source of medicinal herbs because of their valuable biological activities. This study was aimed at determining the phytochemical content, Total flavonoids contents (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidants were analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH scavenging assays, respectively. The total flavonoid content is measured by the aluminum chloride method. The qualitative phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarin, and reducing sugar, which is chemical components in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb extract. Results showed that ethanol extract exhibited higher DPPH (129.327 ug/ml) and TPC (38.12 mgGAE/DW) activity than water extraction (265.738 ug/ml and 10.97 mgGAE/DW). Research shows that using this plant more in pharmaceuticals or food should be focused and developed.

THE POTENTIAL OF MATURE PANDAN LEAVES AS A SOURCE OF CHLOROPHYLL FOR NATURAL FOOD COLORANTS

Plant leaves are the primary source of natural colorants for food, mainly due to their chlorophyll content. However, the plant types and the degree of leaf maturity determine the quality and quantity of the chlorophyll. This study aimed to determine the best maturity level of pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leaves that serves as potential source of chlorophyll for natural food colorants. Eighty three pandan plants obtained from six different farming locations in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia were used as samples. The leaves were grouped into four levels of maturity using descriptive statistics based on their morphology, anatomy, color, and chlorophyll contents. The results showed that the average number of leaves ranged from 20-24 leaves per plant (at 95% confidence interval), and 96.4% of the plant had a maximum of 24 leaves. The leaf maturity was grouped into (1) young, (2) medium, (3) mature, and (4) over mature, corresponding to leaf number 1-6, 7-12, 13-18, and 19-24, respectively. The higher the leaf maturity, the higher the chlorophyll content. However, the over mature leaves were only slightly different from the mature ones. In addition, pandan leaves have specific flavor and contain carotenoid, phenolic, and flavonoid substances. Anatomically, the mesophyll’s size was greatest in the mature leaves, while the size of chloroplast was not significantly different from medium to over mature leaves. Based on the chlorophyll content and mesophyll size, it was concluded that mature pandan leaves were the best source of chlorophyll, containing chlorophyll of 623.08 mg/100 g dry weight (DW).

Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) dengan Lama Waktu Penyulingan yang Berbeda

The leaves of pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) are known as food flavor and can be extracted to produce essential oil. Extraction of its essential oil is usually conducted by distillation method that would give added value for this plant. This study aimed to study the effect of different durations of distillation process on the essential oils yield and quality of pandanus using water and steam distillation method. The method used in this research was experimental method with descriptive analysis. This research used five variants duration of distillation, which was repeated two times. The duration of distillation consisted of 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 10 hours. The parameters observed to determine the best treatment consisted of the amount of yield produced and the quality parameters including specific gravity, refractive index, acid number, solubility in ethanol 90%, and ester number. Based on the results of the research conducted, distillation to produce the best yield is the duration of 8 hours with a yield value of 0.55%, while distillation to produce the best quality is the duration of 6 hours with a specific gravity of 1.0563 g/mL, refractive index 1.3473, the acid number was 3.274 mg KOH/g, solubility in ethanol 90% (1:1), and ester number of 96.06 mL HCl/g.
 Keywords: essential oil, pandan wangi, water and steam distillation

Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Leaves Extract as Flies Repellent and Its Effect on Organoleptic Qualities of Chicken Meat

The research aims to determine the effectiveness of pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leaves extract (PWLE) as flies repellent and understand its effect on the organoleptic qualities of chicken meat. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with PWLE concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) as research treatments and replicated for four times. The flies repelling data were analyzed by using ANOVA and followed with Least Significance Different (LSD) test. Moreover, the organoleptic test results were analyzed by using Kruskal Wallis test. The results showed that the immersion of chicken meat in PWLE was effective to reduce the number of flies contamination with a repellent level of 0%; 8.25%; 36.5%; 53% and 59%, on the PWLE addition at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%, respectively. The results of the organoleptic test showed that the PWLE affected the preference of panelists on color, aroma, and texture parameters.

Manufacture and Characterization of Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) Fiber-Based Composite Board with Epoxy Resin

The manufacture and characterization of pandan wangi fiber-based compositeboards with epoxy resin using random fiber orientation method, fiber length 4 cm, withfiber composition in grams (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5), mechanical and physical testing hasbeen carried out. The results obtained a tensile strength value of 52.26 MPa, flexuralstrength 49.74 MPa, impact strength 30.6 kJ.mm-2, density 1.07 g.cm-3, and moisturecontent 2.05%. The results showed that the mechanical and physical properties that meetthe JIS A5905: 2003 standard are tensile strength > 0.4 MPa, bending strength > 32 MPa,density 0.3-1.3 g.cm-3, and moisture content 5-13 %. Therefore, pandan wangi fibercomposite with epoxy resin can be applied to car bumpers.

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaf extract prepared by nanoemulsion technique as a natural mouthwash

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaf has a natural mouthwash used as an alternative to commercial mouthwash. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of giving scented Pandan leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) using nanoemulsion technique as a natural mouthwash. This study used an experimental method with a trial of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and five replications. Data were analysed using Analysis of variance Test and Duncan at α=0.01 (99% confidence level). The result of giving 21-day natural mouthwash showed that P3 (4% extract) has the average salivary pH higher than the value of P1 (1% extract) and P2 (2 % extract), and the average salivary pH value of P3 (4% extract) approached the average salivary pH of P0+ (commercial mouthwash). Besides, there was a significant effect of 21-day of treatment to the respondents that is showed by F (4.20) = 20.57, ρ (0.01) = 4.43. The conclusion of this study is the administration of P amaryllifolius extract with nanoemulsion technique can be used as a natural mouthwash which is to maintain the salivary pH.

EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) SEBAGAI ANTINEFROTOKSISITAS BERDASARKAN PENURUNAN KADAR KREATININ TIKUS

Nephrotoxicity is a disorder of the kidneys that occurs when exposed to drugs or toxins. Pandan wangi leaves have antioxidant activity expected to give antinephrotoxicity effect. This aim of study is to determine the antinephrotoxicity effect of the ethanol extract of pandan wangi leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) based on the decline of rat creatinine level induced by gentamicin. Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups. That is naive, negative control by Na-CMC 1%, positive control by the suspension of keto acids, and treatment group with ethanol extract of pandan wangi leaves at 125 mg/kgBW, 250 mg/kgBW and 500 mg/kgBW. Nephrotoxicity condition was induced by Gentamicin 80 mg/kgBW (ip) for seven days. The blood samples were taken and measured the serum creatinine levels on days 0, 8th and 22th by Human Analyzer. The results study showed that ethanol extract of pandan wangi leaves at 250 mg/kgBW and 500 mg/kgBW have the effect as antinephrotoxicity based on decreased creatinine levels.

The potential effect of pandan wangi leaf “pandanus amaryllifolius roxb.’’ extract from Indonesia as time sleep inductor

Sleep plays a role in restoring the body's biochemical and physiological processes which decrease when awake. People is not familiar yet with sleep disturbances, so they rarely seek help. Sleep disturbances can cause family problems and are at risk of fatal traffic accidents. Fragant Pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) contains alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids which can provide a hypnotic sedative effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fragant Pandan leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) administration in shortening the sleep induction time of male Swiss Webster strain mice. A post-test only design experimental laboratory study was conducted with control group design. The test animals used were 25 Swiss Webster male mice divided into five groups randomly : G1 group was given distilled water, G2 was given diazepam dose 1 mg / KgBB, the G3, G4 and G5 groups were given fragant Pandan leaf extract with a dose of 4 mg/25g BB, 6 mg/25g BB and 8mg/25g BB, respectively. One Way ANOVA statistical test showed significant differences in mice sleep onset (p=0.000) between groups. The results of the Post Hoc test using LSD analysis showed that there were significant differences between positive controls with groups G3, G4 and G5. Fragrant Pandan leaf extract dose of 8 mg/g BB can shorten the time of mice sleep induction male Swiss Webster strain mice. While the dose of 4 mg/g BB cannot shorten the time of induction of sleeping mice.
 Keywords: Fragant Pandan leaf extract; Hypnotic-sedative; Sleep disturbances.

UJI AKTIVITAS PERTUMBUHAN RAMBUT KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) DAN DAUN LIDAH MERTUA (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.)

ABSTRACT The frequency and quantity of hair loss problems increases which eventually leads to baldness. The use of medicinal plants today is very popular and increasingly favored by the community. Plants are efficacious as a hair grower such as pandanus leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) and sansevieria leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.). The purpose of this study to determine the hair growth activity of a combination of pandanus leaves extract and sansevieria leaves. Test preparation was made by combining both extracts at 5% concentration with comparison of pandanus leaves extract and sansevieria leaves 1: 1, 2: 3 and 3: 2. The results showed that the combination of 3: 2 has the best hair growth activity. Testing of this hair growth activity is a combination extract compared to normal control, 96% ethanol and minoxidil. The result of hair growth activity showed that the combination extract had better activity than the sole extract. Key word : hair growth activity, pandanus leaves, sansevieria leaves, extract combination.

Efektivitas ekstrak metanol akar pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Sebagai antimalaria terhadap jumlah limfosit dalam darah mencit (Mus musculus) yang diinfeksi Plasmodium berghei

Malaria is a infectious disease cause by protozoa with genus Plasmodium that is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito. Our immune system which is role by lymphocyte works specifically when body infected by Plasmodium. The secondary metabolites of Pandan Wangi roots (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Â possess as antimalaria. The purpose of this research to know the activity of methanol exctract from roots of Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) as antimalaria on white male mice (Mus muscullus) lymphocyte count infected by Plasmodium berghei. This is a true experimental in vivo with completely randomized design. Antimalaria effect test used methanol extract from roots of Pandan Wangi with concentration 6.5%, 13% and 26%. Positive control group was given 3.74 mg/mL DHP (Dihydroartremisinin-Piperaquin), normal control group was not given any intervention, negative control group was given aquadest. Results of this research show extract with concentration 6.5%, 13% and 26% have the antimalaria effect show by the decrease of parasitemia percentage. In addition, concentration of 26% extract can increase the number of lymphocytes significantly. Extract of Pandan Wangi Roots have antimalaria effect and can increase the number of lymphocytes with the best concentration of 26%. The decreasing number of parasitemia level is not directly related to the increasing of lymphocyte

Antioxidant Properties of Thai Traditional Herbal Teas

Recipes for Thai traditional herbal teas have been formulated based on Thai traditional medicine, which tries to achieve a balance of the body’s elements (fire, water, wind and earth) in each season. This study aims to assess the benefits of Thai traditional herbal teas through evaluating their antioxidant properties and measuring the satisfaction levels of healthy volunteers. Antioxidant activity tests performed on 11 tea recipes and on green tea (positive control) included 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), a radical scavenging assay and a 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay. In addition, total phenolic contents were determined using a Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Tests of satisfaction were performed on volunteer subjects aged between 18 and 30 years old, using the criteria of color, flavor, taste and overall satisfaction. Among the 11 tea recipes tested, the summer recipe 1 containing Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa, Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. and Morus alba L. demonstrated the most promising antioxidant properties (p > 0.05) and a phenolic content (p > 0.05), which was comparable to green tea. Furthermore, it got the highest satisfaction scores in every assessed category. Therefore, this study shows that Thai traditional herbal teas, developed based on the concepts of Thai traditional medicine, could be a good choice for people looking for health-promoting beverages.

UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAUN PANDAN WANGI (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIUS ROXB.) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP SALMONELLA TYPHI

Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb leaves commonly used as food dditives which contain various compound groups namely alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids and tannins that have a role in antibacterial activity. This research is indicated to support the success of antibacterial in fragrant pandanus leaf plants against Salmonella typhi, one of the pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial effectiveness test of ethanol-ethyl acetate extract (1: 1) of pandanus leaves which evaluated by the Kirby-bauer method and making the extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. The results showed that pandanus leaves extract had antibacterial effectiveness against Salmonella typhi with an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.6 mm; 14 mm; 14.3 mm; 15.3 mm; positive controls (Ciprofloxacin) 27 mm; and negative controls (aquadest) didn’t produce the inhibition zone of Salmonella typhi.

Efektivitas Formulasi Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Dengan Ekstrak Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Terhadap Hiperglikemia Serta Histopatologi Pankreas Mencit

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is metabolism diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and change to the cell histophatology structure of pancreas. Red betel leaves (Piper crocatum) and fragnant pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) has compound metabolic secondary that efficacious as anantidiabetic. The aims of the study were seek the best extract formulations of red betel leaves (EDSM) and extract of fragnantpandan leaves (EDPW) to lowering blood glucose level, repair the damage of islet langerhans, and comparing the effectiveness with metformin. The research was drafted by post test only control group design using male mencit (Mus musculus) for 31 days. In this research used complete random design with 14 treatment groups, they are normal group, DM group, metfomin group, EDPW 100% group, EDSM 10%+ EDPW 90% group, EDSM 20% + EDPW 80% group, EDSM 30% + EDPW 70% group, EDSM 40% + EDPW 60% group, EDSM 50% + EDPW 50% group, EDSM 60% + EDPW 40% group, EDSM 70% + EDPW 30% group, EDSM 80% + EDPW 20% group, EDSM 90% + EDPW 10% group, and EDSM 100% group. Based on in vivo bioassay showed that metformin have a lot of lowering blood glucose levels (p 0,05) and better in improving islet langerhans tissue damage caused by alloxan diabetogenic compound.

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb (PEMANFAATAN DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PENGAWET MAKANAN)

Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (pandan wangi) in long time ago has been used by human to preservation of food and beverage. This article is based on literature offline and online media. Offline literature used the books, whereas online media used Web, Scopus, Pubmed, and scientific journals. Pandan wangi has leaves not spiked and has been cultivated in the home garden. The pandan wangi in food and beverage industry to improve the flavour and colorant. The pandan aroma is the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (ACPY) which can be degraded by heating. The extract leaves pandan wangi has activity to inhibited the growth of bacteria that cause gastrointestinal disorder and food damage such as Shigella dysentriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The P. amaryllifolius has potential as a natural food preservative. Keywords: antioxidant, antimicrobial , essential oil, Pandanus amaryllifotius

UJI AKTIVITAS PERTUMBUHAN RAMBUT KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) DAN DAUN LIDAH MERTUA (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.)

<p><em>The frequency and quantity of hair loss problems increases which eventually leads to baldness. The use of medicinal plants today is very popular and increasingly favored by the community. Plants are efficacious as a hair grower such as pandanus </em><em>leaves </em><em>(Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) and sansevieria leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.). The purpose of this study to determine the hair growth activity of a combination of pandanus leaves extract and sansevieria leaves. Test preparation was made by combining both extracts at 5% concentration with comparison of pandanus lea</em><em>ves</em><em> extract and sansevieria leaves 1: 1, 2: 3 and 3: 2. The results showed that the combination of 3: 2 has the best hair growth activity. Testing of this hair growth activity is a combination extract compared to normal control, 96% ethanol and minoxidil. The result of hair growth activity showed that the combination extract had better activity than the sole extract.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>hair growth activity, pandanus leaves, sansevieria leaves, extract combination.</em></p>

UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) SEBAGAI REPELLENT NABATI DALAM MENGURANGI JUMLAH LALAT SELAMA PROSES PENJEMURAN IKAN ASIN

The implementation of food sanitation aims to eliminate the risk of contamination by microorganisms at different stages in the production and processing of food. House fly (Musca domestical) can act as a vector of tyfus disease, other stomach ailments such as dysentery and diarrhea, cholera, and skin diseases. Salt fish processing business is the largest part of traditional fish processing business especially in Senamabah Village, Muara Bengkal Sub-district, East Kutai Regency. Problems that arise from the traditional processing of salted fish with sun drying, have the weakness of one of the fly flies that can damage salted fish products especially during the rainy season. This research is a quasi-experimental research (Quasi Experiment Design). Field research is difficult to carry out randomization. For field research, usually using a quasi-experiment, this study used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL), consisting of 3 treatments with 1 control and 3 repetitions on each treatment. This research is about the effectivity test of pandan wangi leaf extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) as Refellent Vegetable in Reducing Number of Flies during the drying process of Salted Fish, concentration 5% after 30, 60 and 90 minutes observation with the average percentage of moisture by 25% decline 55%, concentration 10% after 30, 60 and 90 minutes observation with the average percentage of up to 13% with 77% repulsion and 15% concentration after 30, 60 and 90 minutes observation with percentage of average 6% with 90% resistance.

Pengaruh Perasan Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) Terhadap Shigella dysentriae

ABSTRACTDysentriae Shigella is a bacterial species of shigella that occurs in tropical countries, these bacteria are pathogenic gut bacteria are commonly known to cause dysentery. Dysentery is an infection that causes sores that cause ulcers limited dicolon characterized by symptoms known as dysentery syndrome. In user of trimatoprim sulfametaksazol can cause or accelerate the onset of megaloblastosis, leocopenia, or trombostopenia. In regular use, this combination appears to show little toxicity, approximately 75% of these adverse effects involving the skin. ‘Pandan wangi’ (pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) is one of the plants that can be used as a natural antibiotic against shigella dysentriae infection because the content of fragrant pandan leaves include flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and tannins.This type of research is experimental, while the goal is to determine the effect of ‘pandan wangi’ leaf (pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) juice on shigella dysentriae. Consisting of 7 concentrations and four repetitions. Using dilution method by observing the growth of bacteria shigella dysentriae on ‘pandan wangi’ leaf juice that is characterized by the colonies grown on media Mac Conkey (MC).Data analysis uses Anova with an error or a = 5%. The advanced test uses Tukkey test, Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). After doing the research, the optimal concentration of juice of ‘pandan wangi’ (pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) leaves can inhibit shigella dysentriae is 25% and can kill shigella dysentriae from concentration of 50%. The final conclusion is that there is the effect of ‘pandan wangi’ (pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) leaf juice on shigella dysentriae. Keywords: Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb leaves, shigella dysentriae.

Isolation and characterization of BADH2 gene from in vitro propagated Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb

The 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) induced ‘basmati rice’ aroma is plausibly the highest among the plant kingdom in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. The defective/truncated allelic forms of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH2) gene is the major contributing factor behind the accumulation of this fragrance. The present study reports the isolation and characterization of the full-length BADH2 gene from P. amaryllifolius Roxb. The in silico analysis involving homology modelling and docking studies revealed the deficiency in catalytic efficiency of Pandanus BADH2 towards its substrate γ-aminobutyraldehyde (GAB-ald) as compared to the functional BADH2 gene of rice. We have also studied the tissue-specific expression of the BADH2 gene in different plant parts of in vivo donor and in vitro propagated P. amaryllifolius Roxb. In addition to the leaves, we are reporting histochemical localization of 2AP for the first time in the roots of P. amaryllifolius.

Acute and Chronic Toxicities of Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb. Water Extract from the Roots in Rats

Acute and Chronic Toxicities of Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb. Water Extract from the Roots in Rats