“Insulin neuritis” or “treatment-induced neuropathy” is a relatively rare disease course after the adequate regulation of glucose levels by insulin in diabetes mellitus. In 1933 the syndrome was first described. Typically, the onset of pain, presenting as polyneuropathy, is just after the start of the (adequate) treatment for diabetes mellitus. In this article we present 2 cases (both women, 15 and 22 years of age) with a course such as was described in 1933. They were treated with oral gabapentin, pregabalin, amitriptyline, duloxetine, tramadol and with transdermal capsaicin 8% patch. Simultaneously, glucose levels were carefully monitored and diabetes mellitus and comorbidities (mainly ocular and gastro-intestinal) were treated. Treatment effects were variable, and patients seemed to show some spontaneous/ natural recovery of complaints. Furthermore, we describe the pathophysiology, diagnosis, therapy, and natural course. “Insulin neuritis” or “treatment-induced neuropathy” is pain in polyneuropathy with a (sub)acute onset after adequate glycemic control of diabetes mellitus with insulin, whereby traditionally this is seen as one of the mainstays in the treatment for polyneuropathy in diabetes mellitus. Possibly this is due to ectopic generation of impulses in regenerating axons. From the limited literature, it follows that the course is variable, but that spontaneous remission of pain is possible, especially after 18 months of adequate glycemic control. There are no separate treatment strategies described in this form or genesis of pain in polyneuropathy, other than that which could be derived from the treatment of other forms of pain in polyneuropathy. Key words: Insulin neuritis, treatment induced neuropathy, polyneuropathy, transdermal capsaicin, diabetes mellitus