Public Pages Research Articles

Occupational changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Jordan

Background Measures to limit the spread of COVID-19 have disrupted the lives of countless millions of individuals worldwide. Objective To explore the experiences of occupational disruption and changing social roles among Jordanians during COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. The specific aim was to explore the changing occupations, routines, roles and coping strategies. Material and Methods This qualitative study used a digital ethnographic approach. Data collection included online observations of Jordanian’s posts of comments, photos and videos on six public Facebook pages during the COVID-19 lockdown for the initial 3-week period. In addition, 150 Jordanians participated in an online interview answering four open-ended questions to achieve triangulation. Qualitative analyses included open coding of the photos, videos and text as well as the interviews independently and blindly by the research team. Results Four themes were identified: changing daily occupations; changing family roles; missing pre-lockdown life and coping strategies under lockdown. Conclusion The COVID-19 lockdown restrictions caused direct, significant and immediate changes to Jordanians’ occupations, routines and roles; enforcing new obligatory occupations and eliminating desired ones. Significance Knowledge from this study highlight the kinds of strategies and supports during and after lockdowns that need to be considered in future planning of occupational therapy practice in Jordan.

Automatic Hate Speech Detection in English-Odia Code Mixed Social Media Data Using Machine Learning Techniques

Hate speech on social media may spread quickly through online users and subsequently, may even escalate into local vile violence and heinous crimes. This paper proposes a hate speech detection model by means of machine learning and text mining feature extraction techniques. In this study, the authors collected the hate speech of English-Odia code mixed data from a Facebook public page and manually organized them into three classes. In order to build binary and ternary datasets, the data are further converted into binary classes. The modeling of hate speech employs the combination of a machine learning algorithm and features extraction. Support vector machine (SVM), naïve Bayes (NB) and random forest (RF) models were trained using the whole dataset, with the extracted feature based on word unigram, bigram, trigram, combined n-grams, term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), combined n-grams weighted by TF-IDF and word2vec for both the datasets. Using the two datasets, we developed two kinds of models with each feature—binary models and ternary models. The models based on SVM with word2vec achieved better performance than the NB and RF models for both the binary and ternary categories. The result reveals that the ternary models achieved less confusion between hate and non-hate speech than the binary models.

Facebook Relationship with Promoting Public Health Awareness of the Corona Pandemic: A Survey on Facebook Users

The present study aims at identifying the role of Facebook in promoting public health awareness towards the Corona pandemic, and detecting the methods and approaches used in Facebook to enhance this awareness. Moreover, the study aims at uncovering the sources of information adopted by Facebook users regarding Corona pandemic and investigating the extent of the public confidence in it, especially when it comes to information about the pandemic. The researcher uses the descriptive approach as well as a survey for a sample of Facebook users. The sample is chosen through a non-probability sampling technique (Snowball) with (295) users. The researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which are as follows: 1. Users depend on Official as well as Public Facebook pages in obtaining information about the Corona pandemic. Their main focus was on Public Pages. 2. Facebook always uses ‘exaggeration and intimidation’ in treating topics regarding the Corona Pandemic. Some users see that these treatments were assuring, for the fact that the goals of Facebook publishing regarding the Corona pandemic were preventive goals. 3. Users see that Facebook posts help in promoting health awareness of the Corona pandemic. © 2021. RIGEO. All Rights Reserved.

#fighteverycrisis: Pandemic Shifts in Fridays for Future’s Protest Communication Frames

ABSTRACT This qualitative social media framing analysis captures the discursive engagement with COVID-19 in Fridays for Future’s (FFF) digital protest communication on Facebook. In offering comparative insights from 457 posts across 29 public pages from FFF collectives in the European Union, this study offers the first analysis of social movement frames employed by FFF during the pandemic. By coding all Corona-related messages across collectives, we chart three framing processes: adaptation (compliance, solidarity), reframing (reclaiming the crisis, nexus between climate and health), and mobilization (sustained involvement, digital protest alternatives). We discuss our findings alongside social movement framing theory, including frame bridging and scope enlargement to accommodate the pandemic topicality into FFF’s environmental master frame, and frame development by FFF movement leaders. This study thus provides key insights into discursive shifts in social movements brought on by external crises that threaten to marginalize the cause and demobilize adherents.

City and District Publics in Social Media as an Object of Media Research

The importance of the study is due to the increasing role of the public pages of “VKontakte” in making daily agenda, in particular, related to urban life. New practices of “network communication” are the result of the development of the information infrastructure of the modern city-dwellers. The article “includes” urban and rural public pages to the current research agenda. It shows what place this phenomenon occupies on the conditional media map. The outcomes of the research contain identifying their prevalence in Novosibirsk and presenting quantitative indicators of audience in the most popular social network in Siberia. The article discusses, which theory is most suitable and effective regarding this “platformed” manifestation of sociality and what research topics may be covered by a more detailed analysis of these unorganized local media practices, reflecting social, including political, reality.

Modern trends in Ukrainian criminal law doctrine in the trials of representatives of the Association of Criminal Law

The article made an overview analysis of selected scientific publications placed in the published in 2021 a collection of scientific papers " Latest Criminal Law Research - 2021", which had been prepared in connection with the formation and further discussion of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine. Researchers raise a wide range of issues related to the formation of the fundamental foundations of a new in content and form of criminal law, and of its individual institutions in order to find effective forms and measures to counter the challenges that have emerged in the context of widespread criminalization of various spheres of human life. 
 Modern Ukrainian criminal law is in a state of comprehensive transformation caused by socio-economic, political, ideological and other changes in society and the state. Building a legal and social state, transforming society in order to give it the content of a civil society is impossible without a fundamental change in law. This is what determines the schedule of most scientific events of various formats and requires Ukrainian researchers, both theorists and practitioners, to participate in the discussion of a large number of debatable issues of the normative definition and practice of applying legal norms in various branches of law. 
 It should be noted that representatives of the Ukrainian criminal law doctrine are at the forefront of the formation of a modern, both in form and in content, branch of criminal law. Naturally, most of the well-known representatives of the Ukrainian criminal law elite are members of the Public Organization "All-Ukrainian Association of Criminal Law" and provide real support to the activities of the Working Group on the Development of Criminal Law, which functions as a structural unit of the Commission on Legal Reform, created by the Decree of the President of Ukraine dated August 7, 2019 No. 584/2019. 
 The pages of the annual publication of scientific papers "Latest Criminal Law Research - 2021" have become the traditional venue for discussions on topical issues of Ukrainian criminal law.
 The general purpose of this survey study is to conduct an analysis of thematic publications, which includes: a) the topic under study; c) the relevance of its consideration, taking into account modern needs; c) contribution to the development of criminal law science; e) sources used and links to scientific publications.
 From a methodological point of view, this study is close to hermeneutics, obtained as a result of deep understanding and interpretation of 10 scientific articles. 
 Among the most significant conclusions, it stands out that the core of modern criminal law is a person to whom this place has been replaced by the state. In addition, the studies of Ukrainian scientists are consonant with the current problems and trends of the world criminal law science, which cannot but affect the formation of modern Ukrainian criminal law.

‘History takes its time…’: anti-racist temporalities and historical memory cultures in France, c. 1980–1998

ABSTRACT Historical memory cultures have played a crucial role in French anti-racist activism. Anti-racist movements such as the Ligue internationale contre le racisme et l’antisémitisme (LICRA) and the Mouvement contre le racisme et pour l’amitié entre les peuples (MRAP) invoked historical memories of interwar antisemitism, the Holocaust and colonial violence in their fight against racism in the 1980s and 1990s. The content and meaning of these memory cultures underpinned late twentieth-century anti-racism, furnishing activism with a profoundly didactic dimension which explicitly connected the racisms of the past to the racisms of the present. Anti-racist print media – from the LICRA’s monthly newspaper, Le Droit de Vivre, and the MRAP’s publications, Droit et Liberté and Différences – provided important discursive spaces within which these diverse historical memory cultures could be identified, articulated and contested. This in turn created a space for the construction of anti-racist temporalities. The legacies of past antisemitism and Islamophobia ensured that the anti-racist activism of the LICRA and MRAP, in different ways, possessed an intensely temporal dimension. This article considers how anti-racist historical memory cultures were articulated in print media in response to events such as the rue Copernic bombing of October 1980 and the Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots of August 1992. Furthermore, the article will explore how divergent Holocaust and colonial memory cultures began to encounter each other on a more frequent basis in the pages of anti-racist publications during the mid-1990s, reflecting national developments in the memorialization of the Holocaust and (albeit to a lesser extent) France’s colonial past. The relationship between time and anti-racist activism was an intimate one and historical memory played a key mediating role in anti-racist responses to contemporary racism. By focusing primarily on the print media of the LICRA and the MRAP, this article demonstrates how both organizations and key figures such as Jean Pierre-Bloch and Mouloud Aounit viewed contemporary racism through the lens of historical memory, thus demonstrating an intimate relationship between late twentieth-century anti-racist activism in France and historical time.

Liability for third party comments on social media pages

ABSTRACT Public Facebook pages are an important way in which traditional media outlets engage their readers and commercialise that engagement. In Fairfax Media Publications Pty Ltd v Voller (2021) 392 ALR 540; [2021] HCA 27, the High Court of Australia has recently held that media outlets are liable as publishers for defamatory third party comments posted on media outlets’ public Facebook pages even if the media outlets are not aware of the presence of those comments. The decision has significant implications not only for media outlets but for any individual or entity in Australia who host or administer a social media page. This article analyses the High Court’s decision and considers its impact.

Оценка влияния пандемии Covid-19 на экономику сферы физической культуры и массового спорта

The investigation was aimed at identifying indicators of the Covid-19 pandemic impact on the sphere of physical culture and sports in a heterogeneous array of statistical indicators. The authors used official governmental statistics and Internet statistics reflecting thematic online activity of the population and various aspects of the state of organizations operating in the field of physical culture and sports. Despite of a significant reduction in cash receipts from the services provided in this area, specialized organizations are overcoming the consequences of the pandemic. New forms of inde-pendent and online physical education and sports, which became widespread during the strict quarantine restrictions, remain popular among the population. Quantitative evidence of that statement was worked out: the values of statistical indicators of consumption by the population of physical culture and sports services, demography of organizations operating in the field of sports, by the fall of 2020, began to return to pre-crisis values. Indicators of the demand for physical culture and sports services in online formats included attendance of thematic sites and public pages in social networks, as well as the number of thematic search queries. It was found that such an indicator as the number of visits to the online training site continued to increase even after the quarantine restrictions were lifted. One of the directions of scientific research in that area can be the development of methods for collecting, aggre-gating and data mining, allowing to assess the degree of adaptation of physical culture and sports organizations to the conditions of restrictive measures by using the capabilities of the digital economy.

Business reputation of the company as one of the most important components of the company's success

The paper examines the company's business reputation in detail as one of the most important components of a company's success. Currently, there is no doubt that goodwill is the most important intangible asset of the enterprise, despite the fact that it differs significantly from other intangible assets in its content, methods of acquisition or disposal, valuation methods. The paper presents an analysis of the issue of business reputation and shows its relevance, reveals such concepts as “reputation”, “business reputation”, methods of management and evaluation of business reputation of the company. Today, the problem of reputation management is experiencing a real peak of its relevance. “Reputation – a valuable intangible asset of the company, which accumulates over the years and can be destroyed immediately” – this phrase in one variation or another is constantly heard at conferences, flashes on the pages of business publications, appears in corporate business plans. Experts agree that a good reputation makes a company more attractive to investors, increases its capitalization, increases income, provides a stronger position in entering new markets and supports the general population. Obviously, to achieve a noticeable effect, any actions to manage business reputation, taken by the organization, must be long-term and systematic, be integrated into key business processes. Researchers publish research results that prove the positive impact of reputation on other parameters of the business model. There is no doubt that reputation must be managed. Therefore, this is exactly what was described in detail in the paper.

PERIODICS OF NATIONALIST ORGANIZATIONS OF THE DIASPORA AS A MEANS OF CREATING THE UKRAINIAN INFORMATION SPACE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EMIGRATION (1950S - EARLY 1990S)

The article is devoted to analyzing periodicals of Ukrainian nationalist organizations outside the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the 1950s - early 1990s and their role in creating an information space in the diaspora. Periodicals are considered a means of providing information communication between nationalist organizations, their membership, and Ukrainian communities. The article describes the journals and newspapers of nationalist organizations of the diaspora: «Independent Ukraine», «Ukrainian word», «Way of Victory», «Liberation Way», «Ukrainian Independent». Much attention is paid to the thematic and problematic content of the press, its importance for promoting the nationalist ideology and political programs of organizations and preserving national identity. The topics of nationalist press publications, their purpose, and information potentials are considered in detail. It is identified the main topics of publications: the ideology of organizations, the strategy of restoring the independence of Ukraine, the concept of an independent state, official resolutions of organizations, socio-political events in the diaspora, the situation in the USSR, and the policy of Soviet government, formation of national identity and historical memory. Based on the study of the content of periodicals, it was concluded that a significant place in the publications was occupied by information about events in the USSR because nationalist organizations aimed to create a sense of integrity for the Ukrainian people in Ukraine and abroad and mobilize the diaspora to change the situation at homeland. The article identifies problematic aspects in the press of nationalist organizations: the lack of a single universal publication, the strengthening of the emigration nature of the press, the low print quality of publications, the conflict between Ukrainian nationalist organizations on the pages of publications. It was concluded that using press publications, nationalist organizations created an information space in the diaspora, which popularized nationalist narratives, united Ukrainians from around the world, acted as a means of national identification for migrants, promoted the movement to restore the independence of Ukraine.

How Metaphors Impact Political Discourse: A Large-Scale Topic-Agnostic Study Using Neural Metaphor Detection

Metaphors are widely used in political rhetoric as an effective framing device. While the efficacy of specific metaphors such as the war metaphor in political discourse has been documented before, those studies often rely on small number of hand-coded instances of metaphor use. Larger-scale topic-agnostic studies are required to establish the general persuasiveness of metaphors as a device, and to shed light on the broader patterns that guide their persuasiveness. In this paper, we present a large-scale data-driven study of metaphors used in political discourse. We conduct this study on a publicly available dataset of over 85K posts made by 412 US politicians in their Facebook public pages, up until Feb 2017. Our contributions are threefold: we show evidence that metaphor use correlates with ideological leanings in complex ways that depend on concurrent political events such as winning or losing elections; we show that posts with metaphors elicit more engagement from their audience overall even after controlling for various socio-political factors such as gender and political party affiliation; and finally, we demonstrate that metaphoricity is indeed the reason for increased engagement of posts, through a fine-grained linguistic analysis of metaphorical vs. literal usages of 513 words across 70K posts.

Promoting COVID-19 Vaccination on Social Media.

* Abbreviation: COVID-19 — : coronavirus disease 2019 People’s willingness to get immunized against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to shift.1 Vaccine hesitancy remains high in minority communities.2 We do not know how parents will respond when the vaccine becomes available for children. Given these uncertainties and the importance of attaining high levels of immunization, physicians need to encourage people to get immunized. This work will be as difficult and important as providing clinical care for people who have contracted COVID-19. It will require careful communication with individual patients. Furthermore, to fulfill our professional obligations to educate the public, it will also savvy use of social media. If we do this well, it will save more lives than all the ICUs in the world. Health professionals have a long-recognized obligation to care not just for individual patients but, also, for the health of the public. To fulfill that obligation, we need to help the public understand the safety and efficacy of immunization. Today, the best way to do that is by using digital media platforms. Such public education through digital media is not something we learned how to do in medical school. Not every doctor can do it. Opponents of immunization are very active on social media. In some cases, doubters raise important questions about the side effects, anaphylaxis, or the duration of immunity. In other cases, however, their posts spread debunked disinformation embedded in true information. For example, a (true) … Address correspondence to Fajar Raza, MBBS, Department of Bioethics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Rd, Kansas City, MO 64108. E-mail: fraza1{at}cmh.edu

Инструменты автоматизированного сбора и анализа социологической информации o территориальной идентичности жителей крупных городов

The paper proposes an algorithm for automated search and initial analysis of sociological information aimed at studying the territorial identity of city area residents using Internet sources. Communities of social networks, e.g. VKontakte, are considered as the main data source, and websites of topographic objects found in the territories under study are used as auxiliary information sources. It is demonstrated that, in terms of information support, public pages and groups with open or restricted access walls have the greatest potential. The developed algorithm implies selecting relevant groups, finding content concerning area issues, and determining the indices of community activity in discussing territorial problems. The required information is retrieved through the interaction with a social network server with the use of the official Application Programming Interface (API). To identify communities and posts, it is proposed to apply methods of morphological analysis of textual information. The software implementation of the algorithm is described in Python 3.8.5, including original functions for the acquisition of data on communities by their identification numbers, for the formation of a set of urbanonyms for a specified area, and some other ones. The developed program has been used to analyze territorial groups in three areas of Moscow; the results of the analysis enable us to estimate the degree of the territorial identity of their residents. The analysis of the error in the results of automated data collection and processing shows good agreement of these results with manually obtained ones, i.e. the error is 2.6% in the identification of relevant groups and about 3% in the identification of posts on area issues. Therewith, a much higher speed of response and lower labor effort required to perform routine operations allow the algorithm and the implementing computer program to be viewed as an effective tool for sociological research based on data from social networks.

Публичная страница радиостанции в социальной сети как текст в структуре радиодискурса (на примере публичной страницы «Радио Сибирь» в социальной сети «ВКонтакте»)

Публичная страница радиостанции в социальной сети как текст в структуре радиодискурса (на примере публичной страницы «Радио Сибирь» в социальной сети «ВКонтакте»)

Creation of the Kingdom of Poland in the Discourse of the Russian Press

This article is devoted to the analysis of the rhetoric presented in the Russian press in 1814—1818 regarding the imperial policy in the newly annexed Kingdom of Poland. The aim of the authors is to show that it is necessary to separate the real policy of the Russian autocracy in this territory from the images created first by French publicists, and then repeatedly exaggerated by Russian journalists. It is noted that Alexander I in 1814—1818 appears on the pages of French publications as a tsar-liberator. It is shown that these stories were quickly picked up by Russian newspapers and magazines and, as a result, a paradoxical picture emerged: for several years the mass media convinced the Russian society that the Russian Tsar was the new Polish national sovereign. It is argued that this, of course, caused rejection in conservative circles and among advanced Westerners such as Vyazemsky or Turgenev. It is concluded that it is the dominant discourse that can be considered, on the one hand, one of the factors in the emergence of the Decembrist movement, and on the other, a “trap” for Alexander I, since the liberal rhetoric of the press over time began to diverge more and more from the real policy of the Russian autocracy.

The peculiarities of sociopolitical news discourse on the example of regional news public pages in the social network VKontakte

The subject of this research is the news content of public pages in the social network VKontakte. The goal consists in examination of peculiarities of organization of the regional news discourse, comparison of Tomsk and Novosibirsk news public pages. For achieving the set goal, the article employs the methods of qualitative (manual coding and machine learning) and quantitative data processing (content analysis, thematic analysis, psycholinguistic analysis). The empirical material contains regional news reports on sociopolitical topics, available for public viewing in the social network VKontakte (Tomsk and Novosibirsk). Analysis is conducted on the 3,786 postings in Novosibirsk and 887 postings in Tomsk. The author determines peculiarities and differences of media consumption depending on the region. It is noted that the federal news enjoy greater popularity among the users of the social network VKontakte; Tomsk residents are more concerned with the news reports covering regional events. The article reveals the specifics of creating news content characterized by the tendency towards narrativization of the news discourse. The prevalent narrative strategy of the media authors of regional news public pages consists in factual interpretation of the material with responses of high-ranking officials, authorized representatives of various structures, as well as regular persons (their opinions and attitudes, value judgments).

80276 Use of Live Community Events on Facebook to Share Health and Clinical Research Information with the Community: An Exploratory Study

ABSTRACT IMPACT: We review our strategy to use live community events on Facebook to share health and clinical research information and share further steps to increase engagement. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: To describe the use of live community events to enhance communication about clinical and health research through a Facebook platform (MN Research Link) with diverse social media users. The project identified variables associated with video engagement and strategic implications. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: From June 2019 to November 2020 we streamed 31 events on the MN Research Link Facebook public page. Events highlighted different investigators’ clinical and health research in the areas of mental health, health and wellness, chronic diseases and immunology/infectious diseases. Facebook analytics were used to determine the number of views, total minutes viewed, average video watch time, and audience retention. Engagement score was calculated as the total number of interactions (likes, shares, and comments) divided by total number of followers (N=1437), expressed as a percentage RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Events averaged 24secs/16 min (SD=0.4). A mean of 1.61 (SD=1.28) followers viewed the events live but an average of 417.52 (SD=793.50) followers viewed after the event posted. The average engagement score was 1.1%. Mean total minutes viewed for all 31 videos was 253.5 (SD= 437.6). Viewers spent an average of 17 seconds (SD=0.01) watching each piece of video content. On average 28 followers viewed the events for at least 1-minute event (SD= 48.7). Audience retention at the halfway point for each video was 15.74% (SD=0.19). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Results suggest that novel approaches are necessary for active engagement. Promotion of live events is recommended to increase participation and length of engagement. Prior length of engagement (average 17 seconds), suggests refining video introduction will increase engagement.

Information disorders during the COVID-19 infodemic: The case of Italian Facebook

The recent COVID-19 pandemic came alongside with an “infodemic”, with online social media flooded by often unreliable information associating the medical emergency with popular subjects of disinformation. In Italy, one of the first European countries suffering a rise in new cases and dealing with a total lockdown, controversial topics such as migrant flows and the 5G technology were often associated online with the origin and diffusion of the virus. In this work we analyze COVID-19 related conversations on the Italian Facebook, collecting over 1.5M posts shared by nearly 80k public pages and groups for a period of four months since January 2020. On the one hand, our findings suggest that well-known unreliable sources had a limited exposure, and that discussions over controversial topics did not spark a comparable engagement with respect to institutional and scientific communication. On the other hand, however, we realize that dis- and counter-information induced a polarization of (clusters of) groups and pages, wherein conversations were characterized by a topical lexicon, by a great diffusion of user generated content, and by link-sharing patterns that seem ascribable to coordinated propaganda. As revealed by the URL-sharing diffusion network showing a “small-world” effect, users were easily exposed to harmful propaganda as well as to verified information on the virus, exalting the role of public figures and mainstream media, as well as of Facebook groups, in shaping the public opinion.

NEWSPAPERS OF THE KYIV GENERAL GOVERNORATE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY: LANGUAGE, CIRCULATION, PERIODICITY OF PUBLICATION

The article represents the Ukrainian-language newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate of the early XX century and defines their role in the socio-political life of that time. It should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, only 9 were in Ukrainian. Despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, Ukrainian-language newspapers covered all aspects of Ukrainian life under the rule of the Russian Empire. Ukrainian-language newspapers monitored the development of society and the influenced on the formation of the national consciousness of ethnic Ukrainians.
 The object of the research is aspects of the political life of Ukrainians on the pages of publications: "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." The mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, but are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine at the beginning of the XX century.
 The purpose of the article is to study the political orientation, the language of publications, and the frequency of Ukrainian-language newspapers in the Kyiv General Governorate in the early XX century.
 By summing up the role of newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate at the beginning of the XX century, it should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, published in the Volyn Governorate, Kyiv Governorate, Podil Governorate, only 8 were Ukrainian-language. Nevertheless, despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, the newspapers reflected all aspects of Ukrainian life under the control of the Russian Empire. Newspaper publications reflected the life of the Ukrainian community while influencing the formation of the national identity of ethnic Ukrainians [1]. It seems that no issue of Ukrainian national life has escaped their pages. Even the slightest manifestation of the cultural or political life of Ukrainians under the government of the Russian Empire found a response in the pages of publications in "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." Although the mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, they are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine in the early XX century, testify to the growth of national and cultural revival of the Ukrainian people in Russian Ukraine.
 The study can be applied to prepare students and graduates in the field of Historical Sciences and Culturology.
 The newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate (Volyn, Kyiv, and Podil Governorate) of the early XX century were researched and systematized by language, circulation, and frequency of publication for the first time.
 The study can be the basis for further research of the Ukrainian periodicals for the period from 1800 to 1861 of the XIX century.