Collection Of Pages Research Articles

Topic distillation via sub-site retrieval

Topic distillation is one of the main information needs when users search the Web. Previous approaches for topic distillation treat single page as the basic searching unit, which has not fully utilized the structure information of the Web. In this paper, we propose a novel concept for topic distillation, named sub-site retrieval, in which the basic searching unit is sub-site instead of single page. A sub-site is the subset of a website, consisting of a structural collection of pages. The key of sub-site retrieval includes (1) extracting effective features for the representation of a sub-site using both the content and structure information, (2) delivering the sub-site-based retrieval results with a friendly and informative user interface. For the first point, we propose Punished Integration algorithm, which is based on the modeling of the growth of websites. For the second point, we design a user interface to better illustrate the search results of sub-site retrieval. Testing on the topic distillation task of TREC 2003 and 2004, sub-site retrieval leads to significant improvement of retrieval performance over the previous methods based on single pages. Furthermore, time complexity analysis shows that sub-site retrieval can be integrated into the index component of search engines.

Ideological Discourses in the Making of Internet Career Sites

This paper examines the ideological discourses evident in related categories of commercial World Wide Web sites during the last year of the dot-com bubble (1995–2001). It analyzes two collections of employment-related Web pages: third-party Internet career sites (such as Monster.com) and the employee recruitment sections of corporate Web sites (such as General Electric). After reviewing the historical development of Internet use for job search purposes and the effect on labor market dynamics, I estimate the extent to which discourses of community permeate these sites by using methodologies that focus on the content of Web sites and the messages conveyed by advertisements. The conclusions highlight the importance of considering ideological constructions in grasping the meaning of “discursive domains” among commercial sites on the Web.

Wikis for Teaching and Learning

An academic course presents an opportunity for all participants to collaborate for improving their knowledge. This collective improvement of knowledge is typically documented via material provided by the instructor and notes and assignments prepared by students. Over the course of a semester, these materials provide not only the collective knowledge in that course, but also provide a chronological history of how the knowledge base evolved. The focus of this study is wiki collaboration in teaching & learning contexts. A wiki is a medium in which a group of individuals can work together asynchronously on an idea and easily capture the essence in a reusable format. Technically, a wiki is a collection of hyperlinked Web pages that are assembled with wiki software. With wikis, the line between reader and contributor is intentionally blurred. Further, wiki use reflects the view of an instructor as one who facilitates information sharing among learners rather than simply transmitting knowledge from themselves to their students. Our initial motivation to explore the usefulness of wikis for teaching and learning was driven by the fact that wikis provide a medium in which several individuals could asynchronously work together on an idea and easily capture the essence in a reusable format. We found that: (1) Wikis can be can be used for a variety of tasks ranging from business analyses to analyzing policy positions to serving as a signup sheet for students to self organize; (2) Instructor support and facilitation is key; and (3) Ease-of-use issues are present but do not preclude success.

Web‐Accessible Tools for Interval Linear Systems

AbstractInterval webComputing is a collection of dynamic interactive pages designed to make specialized interval computations and visualization widely accessible through web browsers. Discussed are the general conception and two typical components: visualization of solution sets to interval linear systems and solvers of parametric interval linear systems. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Introducing JCE ChemInfo: Organic

“JCE ChemInfo: Organic” is a collection of Web pages containing information useful to teachers, researchers, and students in organic chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry. The pages have...

Ordering Disorder

Central within the discourses that have surrounded the commercial internet during its emergence has been an underlying promise of disorder. The claims for consumer empowerment with which e-commerce was promoted and discussed within industry and academic literature (Fiamberg; Gates; Horton; Levine et al. for instance), coupled with recurring claims that the emergence of e-commerce was as profound a shift as that occasioned by the Industrial Revolution (Dancer; Sullivan; Lynch for instance), established an underlying sense of chaotic upheaval - a clear and present danger to the established order.

The SPIRIT collection

A large scale collection of web pages has been essential for research in information retrieval and related areas. This paper provides an overview of a large web collection used in the SPIRIT project for the design and testing of spatially-aware retrieval systems. Several statistics are derived and presented to show the characteristics of the collection.

WebWatch

BioTechniquesVol. 36, No. 6 WebWatchOpen AccessWebWatchKevin AhernKevin AhernSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:6 Jun 2018https://doi.org/10.2144/04366WW01AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Grand PlanWhen it comes to ambitious biology, it's hard to find a project with “bigger britches” than the San Diego Supercomputer Center's Encyclopedia of Life, whose stated goal is to “catalog the complete proteome of every living species.” Inasmuch as all of the species of earth haven't even yet been identified, and the total number is upwards of 50 million, such a plan appears even bolder than the seemingly impossible aims of the human genome project when it was first described. Biologists in recent years, however, have grown accustomed to accomplishing the impossible and that may be partly behind such brash aspirations. Visitors to Encyclopedia of Life will discover a clever book metaphor employed effectively to simplify retrieval of proteome information from the numerous genomes already indexed on the site.http://eol.sdsc.edu/A Sense of CommunityScience can be a cold, cruel world, so a Web site like Developmental Physiologist, which houses a research community-oriented collection of pages is a welcome one indeed. With section topics ranging from “Funding Sources” to “What's New” and “That's My Opinion,” Developmental Physiologist helps researchers stay on top of their field and even allows them a platform from which to vent their spleens. Other features include an extensive listing of jobs available (from graduate opportunities to professorial positions) and complete contact information for all of the physiologists registered at the online database.http://www.biol.unt.edu/developmentalphysiology/ID CardsPoint your browser to the URL below. On the opening page, enter any chemical name or draw any chemical structure. Chances are you'll not only find it in ChemIDPlus's database of over 368,000 compounds, you'll also be able to view it in a 3-D projection, learn its Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number, access safety information about it, and discover any relevant literature links. That's a lot to ask for a simple interface, but that's exactly what ChemIDplus delivers. With an intuitive, Java-based program on board for drawing molecules, ChemIDPlus makes finding information about structures trivial. Better yet, the site's search engine retrieves almost everything you'd want to know about a compound simply by entering its name, CAS Registry Number, or hyphenated formula number.http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/Excellent TypistConsider the myriad causes of disease in humans. Next, consider the percentage of illnesses that can be attributed to genetic differences. Finally, think about the subtlety of mutating single nucleotides, the effects such changes might have on an individual's susceptibility to environmental factors, and how these might manifest themselves in disease. Whew! There's a lot of work ahead for researchers at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)-sponsored Environmental Genome Project at the University of Washington, who are investigating relationships between environmental factors, human gene sequence variation, and disease risk in U.S. populations. A peek at the Gene Targets link on the site reveals the current focus of the program—identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes of DNA repair and cell cycle pathways. A little more snooping reveals the 30 genes for which the analysis is “in progress” and the whopping number of genes (over 200) whose analysis is completed. Double whew!http://egp.gs.washington.edu/welcome.htmlI FlyCross a vast amount of Drosophila melanogaster data with the techno-functionality of the web and what do you get? Probably something akin to the Society for Developmental Biology's Interactive Fly, hosted at Purdue University. With all the razzle-dazzle typical of excellent online sites, Interactive Fly delivers information faster than you can say sonic hedgehog. Click to view a hyperlinked collection of developmental genes (in alphabetical order), genes grouped by function/pathway, or genes involved in organ development. Opt for the for Images section and view electron microscopic pix of Drosophila body parts during development. Top it off with a movie or two in the same section of the site and you're a Drosophila afficionado.http://sdb.bio.purdue.edu/fly/aimain/1aahome.htmFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Vol. 36, No. 6 Follow us on social media for the latest updates Metrics Downloaded 71 times History Published online 6 June 2018 Published in print June 2004 Information© 2004 Author(s)PDF download

Discovering and Analyzing World Wide Web Collections

With the explosive growth of the World Wide Web, it is becoming increasingly difficult for users to discover Web pages that are relevant to a topic. To address this problem we are developing a system that allows the collection and analysis of Web pages related to a particular topic. In this paper we present the system’s overall architecture and introduce the focused crawler used by the system. We also discuss the various techniques we use to allow the user to analyze and gain useful insights about a collection. Finally, we present some statistics on the collections.

Autonomous semantic web services

The Web is a collection of human-readable pages that are virtually unintelligible to computer programs. While the Web emerged as a global repository of digitized information, this very information is, by and large, unavailable for automatic computation. Two parallel efforts have emerged in recent years that could overcome this paradox: the Semantic Web is providing tools for explicit markup of Web content, and Web services could create a network in which programs act as independent agents that produce and consume information, enabling automated business transactions. The DARPA Agent Markup Language for Services (DAML-S) provides a mechanism that begins to bridge the gap between the Web services infrastructure and the Semantic Web.

Modelling and simulation of complex systems using TPN Designer

This paper describes a Java-based simulation toolset––timed Petri nets (TPN) Designer––which supports modelling, discrete-event simulation and performance analysis of modular and complex TPN. A TPN model can be organised as a collection of (possibly hierarchical structured) pages linked to one another by input/output ports. Pages can be replicated so as to build regular topologies like pipeline or grid. The configuration of large models is assisted by a scripting language, which allows connections and set up operations (e.g. for the definition of the initial marking and the parameters of transitions) to be automated. TPN Designer consists of two integrated environments: TPN CAD for graphically designing a TPN model and TPN ENGINE for model compilation, debugging, simulation and statistical data collection. The paper gives an overview to TPN Designer and shows its practical use through examples.

Hierarchical Categorization Based on k-Nearest Neighbor Approach for Web Site Classification

Automatic categorization is a viable method to deal with the scaling problem on the World Wide Web. In this paper, we consider how to apply general text categorization techniques to Web site classification tasks. Two relevant issues concern, first, the case where the classifying object is not one document, as with a home page, but a Web site, which is a collection of Web pages. Second, real world Web directories have a complex hierarchical structure, in which leaf and non-leaf categories are directly assigned to Web sites, unlike the hierarchical structure treated in most previous research. On the first issue, this paper proposes the use of Web pages linked by a home page in addition to the home page itself. To accomplish this, we propose a Web site classification method based on connectivity analysis, as well as content analysis of Web sites. On the second issue, the hierarchical structure of classifiers is transformed into a flattened structure, but the classifier for each category uses features of its next-of-kin categories to take advantage of the hierarchical relationship. In experiments on a Korean commercial Web directory, the proposed classification method achieved an amazing improvement of microaveraging breakeven point by 36.6%, compared with an ordinary classifier.

Uncovering Information Hidden in Web Archives

The Internet has turned into an important aspect of our information infrastructure and society, with the Web forming a part of our cultural heritage. Several initiatives thus set out to preserve it for the future. The resulting Web archives are by no means only a collection of historic Web pages. They hold a wealth of information that waits to be exploited, information that may be substantial to a variety of disciplines. With the time-line and metadata available in such a Web archive, additional analyzes that go beyond mere information exploration become possible. In the context of the Austrian On-Line Archive (AOLA), we established a Data Warehouse as a key to this information. The Data Warehouse makes it possible to analyze a variety of characteristics of the Web in a flexible and interactive manner using on-line analytical processing (OLAP) techniques. Specifically, technological aspects such as operating systems and Web servers used, the variety of file types, forms or scripting languages encountered, as well as the link structure within domains, may be used to infer characteristics of technology maturation and impact or community structures.

CI Spider: a tool for competitive intelligence on the Web

Competitive Intelligence (CI) aims to monitor a firm's external environment for information relevant to its decision-making process. As an excellent information source, the Internet provides significant opportunities for CI professionals as well as the problem of information overload. Internet search engines have been widely used to facilitate information search on the Internet. However, many problems hinder their effective use in CI research. In this paper, we introduce the Competitive Intelligence Spider, or CI Spider, designed to address some of the problems associated with using Internet search engines in the context of competitive intelligence. CI Spider performs real-time collection of Web pages from sites specified by the user and applies indexing and categorization analysis on the documents collected, thus providing the user with an up-to-date, comprehensive view of the Web sites of user interest. In this paper, we report on the design of the CI Spider system and on a user study of CI Spider, which compares CI Spider with two other alternative focused information gathering methods: Lycos search constrained by Internet domain, and manual within-site browsing and searching. Our study indicates that CI Spider has better precision and recall rate than Lycos. CI Spider also outperforms both Lycos and within-site browsing and searching with respect to ease of use. We conclude that there exists strong evidence in support of the potentially significant value of applying the CI Spider approach in CI applications.

Towards personalized Internet health information: the STEPPS architecture.

STEPPS (STructured Evaluated Personalized Patient Support) proposes a strategy for integration of electronic patient records with Internet health-related content and its consequent use in personalized information retrieval for patient education. The application domain is the post-discharge support of burn patients in the Netherlands. We developed an electronic patient record interface for structured data collection in burn care. The system's thesaurus was projected to UMLS terms and the corresponding codes were incorporated in our software. A list of topics central to burn patient education was identified and a collection of related Web pages was compiled using meta-search software (Copernic2001Pro). The HTML pages were filed into catalogues by the Collexis indexing-matching software, using the UMLS Metathesaurus as indexing vocabulary. The bilingual (English and Dutch) structured data interface is currently used to create a database of retrospective patient data. Each patient's profile, i.e. set of characteristics employed to personalize information retrieval, can be automatically extracted. We have assembled a collection of more than 2500 Internet pages containing relevant information for burn patients. When patient data is available, the Collexis matching engine will accept the patient's profile as input and retrieve the most relevant HTML documents available in the catalogues. We have addressed some basic issues around the technical feasibility of linking electronic patient record data to online content. Although the functionality of STEPPS is not yet optimal, it contributes to the efforts towards improved relevance of information retrieval. Electronic patient record applications in conjunction with Internet resources can give a significant boost to the availability of tailored health education material. In this context, quality assurance of online health information is an indispensable element.

Building a distributed full-text index for the web

We identify crucial design issues in building a distributed inverted index for a large collection of Web pages. We introduce a novel pipelining technique for structuring the core index-building system that substantially reduces the index construction time. We also propose a storage scheme for creating and managing inverted files using an embedded database system. We suggest and compare different strategies for collecting global statistics from distributed inverted indexes. Finally, we present performance results from experiments on a testbed distributed Web indexing system that we have implemented.

The W Life Cycle Model and Associated Methodology for Corporate Web Site Development

The last few years witnessed the increasing internal and external use of the Internet by organizations. Web sites grew in sophistication from conventional sites composed of a simple collection of Web pages for public relations or marketing to complex Web information systems dealing with business-tocustomer transactions or business-to-business networks. However, most organizations still do not have a formal process of Web site development, and corporate Web sites are often developed in an unorganized and uncoordinated fashion. The results of this chaotic situation include slow delivery, conflicting standards, discrepancies with respect to corporate objectives, and redundant development efforts. To help alleviate this situation, this paper presents the W software life cycle model for corporate web site development along with an associated methodology to guide Web development groups in their endeavors. The proposed process model and methodology are based on insights gleaned by studying development projects for three types of corporate Web sites: intranets, Web-presence sites, and transactional sites. However, because Web information systems are more complex, the article also provides Communications of AIS, Volume 5 Article 7 3 The W Lifecycle Model and Associated Methodology for Corporate Web Site Development by L. B. Sherrell and L. Chen recommendations for how the methodology can be adapted to handle these types of applications better.

WEB WATCH

Welcome to this regular column of the British Journal of Nursing. The idea behind Web Watch is to bring together in each issue a collection of worldwide Web pages that can be found on the Internet.

From browsing to interacting

Internet websites increasingly rely on database management systems. There are several reasons for this trend: As sites grow larger, managing the content becomes impossible without the use of a DBMS to keep track of the nature, origin, authorship, and modification history of each article. As sites become more interactive, tracking and logging user activity and user contributions creates valuable new data, which again is best managed using a DBMS. The emerging paradigm of Customer-Centric e-Business places a premium on engaging users, building a relationship with them across visits, and leveraging their expertise and feed-back. Supporting this paradigm means that we not only have to track what users visit on a site, we also have to enable them to offer opinions and contribute to the content of the website in various ways; naturally, this requires us to use a DBMS. In order to personalize a user's experience, a site must dynamically construct (or at least fine-tune) each page as it is delivered, taking into account information about the user's past activity and the nature of the content on the current page. In other words, personalization is made possible by utilizing the information (about content and user activity) that we already indicated is best managed using a DBMS. In summary, as websites go beyond a passive collection of pages to be browsed and seek to present users with a personalized, interactive experience, the role of database management systems becomes central. In this talk, I will present an overview of these issues, including a discussion of related techniques such as cookies and web server logs for tracking user activity.

Web watch

Welcome to this regular column of the British Journal of Nursing. The idea behind Web Watch is to bring together in each issue a collection of worldwide Web pages that can be found on the Internet. The content of the Web sites provided will hopefully contain information that might be useful or interesting to nurses.