Pediatric Dental Patients Research Articles

Practices of Dental Care and Treatment Provided to Pediatric Patients in Private Dental Clinics in Lahore, Pakistan

<p>Background and Objective: With the high prevalence of dental caries among children in Pakistan and the limited availability of pediatric dentists, dental care is provided majorly by general dentists. This study aims to determine the preventive dental care provided to pediatric dental patients by general dentists in private practice settings in Lahore.</p> <p>Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 185 general dentists working in private dental clinics in Lahore, utilizing an online validated questionnaire designed by the authors and distributed through email and WhatsApp using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using statistical software, and p-value of 0.05 was taken as significant.</p> <p>Results: Most respondents (73.5%) reported the unavailability of pediatric dentists in their clinics. About one-third of the respondents always chose to refer their child to a pediatric dentist. About 48.1% of the general dentists were “somewhat aware” of the behavioral management techniques. Pediatric-specific dental treatment services were more frequently provided in clinics where a pediatric dentist was available. Fillings were the most frequent (90.8%) treatment services, along with extractions (79.5%), pulpectomies (69.2%), and pulpotomies (65.9%). Notably, 74.1% of the general dentists had not attended any workshop or course in pediatric dentistry.</p> <p>Conclusion: General dentists in private practices provide minimal dental treatment to pediatric patients, with a significant number lacking formal training in pediatric dentistry. This highlights the need for formal training programs to improve the quality of pediatric dental care.</p>

THE USE OF CANNABIDIOL IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY PATIENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

This research project aims to conduct a literature review on the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in pediatric dental patients diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The focus will be on the intersection between pediatric dentistry and ASD treatment, aiming to fill a substantial gap in the scientific and clinical understanding of the subject. The integrated approach provides a solid foundation for informed decision-making by healthcare professionals, family members, and caregivers. The central problem of the research lies in the need for substantial evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of CBD in this specific patient group. The absence of reliable data poses significant challenges for making informed decisions about the pediatric dental treatment of children with ASD, impacting the quality of life for these patients. Therefore, the adopted methodology will involve a literature search, using exclusively recently published articles from the last 5 years, available in databases such as PUBMED and SCIELO, among other relevant sources. The main objective of this literature review is to assess the efficacy of CBD in managing symptoms associated with ASD in pediatric dental contexts, considering its potential therapeutic benefits and possible side effects. The research aims to fill this gap by establishing a comprehensive investigation into the use of CBD in children with ASD, directing its attention to specific implications for oral health.

Effectiveness of aromatherapy in reduction of dental anxiety in pediatric dental patients: A systematic review

In recent years, various researchers have attempted to utilize Aromatherapy for allaying dental anxiety in pediatric patients. The present systematic review aims to comprehend the efficacy of aromatherapy in reducing dental anxiety in pediatric patients, exploring different aromatherapy agents, dispersion methods, and their anxiety-relieving capacities. A systematic search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Web of Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIEXPANDED), and Google Scholar using the key terms “Aromatherapy” AND “Pediatric” OR “Children” AND “Dental Anxiety” OR “Fear” to identify articles published in the English language without any restriction for the time of publication. A total of nine randomized controlled trials were identified that assessed various essential oils such as lavender, orange, and lemongrass for aromatherapy in pediatric patients during dental treatment. Most of these studies employed aromatherapy using a diffuser during non-pain-promoting dental treatments in children of 6 to 9 years of age. Aromatherapy is an effective non-pharmacological and non-invasive modality for reducing dental anxiety in pediatric patients which is free of adverse effects. However, there's a need for standardized methods of dispersion and clearer guidelines for oil posology

Retrospective Evaluation of the Effects of Local Anesthesia Before Tooth Extraction Procedures under General Anesthesia on Physiologic Parameters and Postoperative Bleeding in Children

Background: Studies have been conducted to evaluate changes in hemodynamics, postoperative bleeding, and pain in pediatric dental patients receiving general anesthesia (GA). However, a limited number of studies have evaluated the effects of local anesthetics (LA) on tooth extraction procedures during GA. There is no consensus in the literature regarding LA application in the perioperative period for dental treatments performed within the scope of GA. Aim: This study aimed to determine the retrospective physiologic effects of fluctuations in vital signs and postoperative bleeding in children who did or did not receive LA for tooth extraction under GA. Methods: A retrospective evaluation of 77 patients aged 5.16 ± 1.85 years who had the extraction of primary posterior teeth with or without LA under GA were reviewed in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) for postoperative bleeding and the effects of intraoperative LA on fluctuations in postoperative parameters such as mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (RR), and the end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2). These were compiled from the patient records of the procedures. Results: Significant differences between the baseline and peak MAP (P < 0.001), HR (P = 0.011), and EtCO2 (P = 0.002) were noted in children without LA compared to those who had LA. In addition, substantial variations were observed between the baseline and peak values for MAP (P < 0.001) and HR (P = 0.037) in children who had tooth extraction in the mandibular region. Statistically significant differences were noted between the baseline and peak values for patients who did not receive LA before the extraction of the first primary molar in terms of MAP (P < 0.02) and EtCO2 (P = 0.032). Similarly, significant differences in MAP (P < 0.02) and EtCO2 (P = 0.034) were noted in the extraction of the second primary molar. In addition, there was a significant difference in bleeding based on the number of tooth extractions in those who did not receive LA (P = 0.020). Conclusion: This study showed that in children who underwent tooth extraction under GA, additional LA application minimized changes in HR, MAP, and EtCO2, whereas a lack of LA application produced significant fluctuations from baseline to peak values of HR, MAP, and EtCO2. In addition, LA application reduced postoperative bleeding.

Assessment of Discomfort and Analgesic Usage Following Pediatric Dental Procedures in India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Pain management in pediatric dentistry is crucial for ensuring positive treatment outcomes and reducing patient suffering. This study aimed to evaluate postoperative discomfort and analgesic usage among pediatric dental patients undergoing various procedures in India. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care dental hospital in India from June 2023 to December 2023. A total of 150 pediatric patients aged 2-18 years who underwent different dental procedures were included. Data on postoperative discomfort and analgesic usage were collected immediately following the procedure and during follow-up phone calls. Significant differences were found in immediate postoperative discomfort following pulpotomy (P = 0.03). Patients receiving primary stainless steel crowns (SSCs) alone or in combination with pulpotomy were significantly more likely to report discomfort (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). No significant associations were observed between discomfort and sealants, preventive resin restorations, 1- or 2-surface restorations, or extractions. Over-the-counter analgesic usage was prevalent, particularly following SSC placement. This study highlights the variability in postoperative discomfort among pediatric dental patients undergoing different procedures in India. Tailored pain management strategies based on specific procedures are essential to minimize discomfort and improve patient outcomes in pediatric dentistry.

Effects of propofol, ketamine-propofol mixture in pediatric dental patients undergoing intravenous sedation: a clinical study

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects, complications (peri- and postoperative), depth of sedation, recovery times, and changes in anxiety levels in paediatric dental patients receiving intravenous sedation with propofol and ketamine–propofol mixtures. This prospective clinical study included 69 healthy children (ASA 1) aged 3–7 years. The patients were assigned randomly to propofol group (n = 23), which received propofol; 1:3 ketofol group (n = 23), which received 1:3 ketofol; or 1:4 ketofol group (n = 23), which received 1:4 ketofol. The bispectral index (BIS) and Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) score were recorded at intervals of 5 min to measure the depth of sedation, and vital signs were evaluated. Peri- and postoperative complications and recovery times were recorded. Anxiety levels were also evaluated using the Facial Image Scale (FIS) and changes in saliva cortisol levels (SCLs) before and after the intravenous sedation procedure. The Kruskal‒Wallis test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to determine pre- and posttreatment parameters. Dunn’s test for post hoc analysis was used to determine the differences among groups. Children’s pre- and posttreatment anxiety levels did not differ significantly according to FIS scores, and increases in SCLs were detected in 1:3 ketofol and 1:4 ketofol groups after dental treatment was completed. Compared with those in the other groups, the BIS values of the patients in 1:4 ketofol indicated a slightly lower depth of sedation. The recovery time of the patients in 1:3 ketofol was longer than that of patients in propofol and 1:4 ketofol. The incidence of postoperative complications (agitation, hypersalivation, nausea/vomiting, and diplopia) did not differ among the groups. Ketamine–propofol combinations provided effective sedation similar to that of propofol infusion without any serious complications during dental treatment performed under intravenous sedation. The ketofol infusion increased the anxiety level of paediatric dental patients to a greater extent than the propofol infusion.

Effectiveness of Preoperative Alpha Wave Entrainment in Pediatric Dental Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background Pediatric dental anxiety is a significant barrier to effective dental care, necessitating non-pharmacological interventions. Alpha wave entrainment has shown promise in adult studies for reducing procedural anxiety and pain perception, but its effectiveness in pediatric dental settings remains underexplored. Objective This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative alpha wave entrainment in alleviating anxiety in gender-specific participants to the interventions. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 252 pediatric patients (aged 7-12) with cooperative dispositions. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group receiving alpha wave entrainment or a control group receiving conventional behavior management techniques. The experimental interventioninvolved 10-minute sessions of binaural beats with visualstimulation designed to induce alpha-wave synchronization. Anxiety levels were assessed using physiological measures (heart rate and blood pressure), both pre- and post-interventions. Results The intervention group demonstrated a significant reduction in heart rate and systolic blood pressure post-intervention compared to the control group. These changes indicate a decrease in anxiety levels, with no significant gender differences in the response to the intervention. Conclusion Alpha wave entrainment effectively reduces dental anxiety in pediatric patients, with similar efficacy observed across genders. This study supports the incorporation of alpha wave entrainment into pediatric dental practices as a viable alternative to traditional anxiety management techniques.

A Practical Suggestion on using Insulin Syringe BD for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in Children

Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is the most common nerve block used in dentistry to perform various procedure’s like endodontics and extraction in the mandibular teeth. Paediatric dental patients have an inherent fear of needle phobia which has to be dealt, for successful treatment and behaviour management. IANB block has many disadvantages like being technique sensitive, painful and has high failure rate. In paediatric dental patients infiltration anaesthesia technique is an alternative that should be as effective as IANB block with minimal discomfort but lacks success in elder age groups due to anatomical considerations. The present clinical guideline helps the clinician understand the success of infiltration anesthesia in different age group children so that it can be practiced in day to pediatric dentistry. Key Words: Anesthesia, Children, Insuline syringe

Pain Perception During Local Anesthesia Administration in Pediatric Dental Patients and The Impact of Pre-Cooling The Injection Site: An in-vivo Study.

Examining how pre-cooling affects children's experience of pain during local anesthetic administration is the primary goal of this study. This study was conducted in vivo and involved 60 child patients who required local anesthetic in order to undergo dental procedures. Patients were divided into two groups based on a random chance: Group I was the control group, which did not receive any pre-cooling. Group II was the pre-cooling group, which allowed the injection site to be chilled with an ice pack for one minute prior to the administration of anesthesia. The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale was used to evaluate the participants' level of pain perception immediately following the administration of the anesthetic injection. The group that received pre-cooling showed a reduction in pain levels that was statistically significant when compared to the group that received control (P < 0.05). Pediatric dental patients may decrease local anesthesia pain by pre-cooling the injection site. This technique can be simply used in dental practices to improve patient experience, especially for children with dental anxiety or needle phobia.

A multidisciplinary approach to managing a missing central incisor, impacted canines and complex medical history: a case report

Hypodontia of a maxillary central incisor is infrequent and can indicate Solitary median maxillary central incisor syndrome. We report on an 11-year-old child with medical comorbidities who presented with hypodontia of a maxillary central incisor, buccally impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of the maxillary lateral incisors. She had previously had dental extractions. Joint orthodontic–paediatric–oral surgery treatment included loss of the maxillary lateral incisors and fixed orthodontic appliances to idealize space for prosthetic replacement of a central incisor. The value of multidisciplinary planning is emphasized and the dental considerations for patients with complex medical histories explored. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The reader should have an understanding of the importance of a joint orthodontic-paediatric-oral surgery approach when managing complex paediatric dental patients.

Comparative evaluation of intranasal dexmedetomidine, intranasal midazolam, and nitrous oxide for conscious sedation of anxious children undergoing dental treatment: A randomized cross-over trial.

Pharmacological methods, specifically sedatives, have gained popularity in managing the behavior of children during dental appointments. The aim of this study was to compare 1 m/kg intranasal dexmedetomidine, 0.3 mg/kg intranasal midazolam, and nitrous oxide in evaluating the level of sedation, behavior of the child, onset of sedation, physiologic signs, and adverse effects. In this cross-over trial, 15 children aged 6-8 years were randomized to receive intranasal atomized dexmedetomidine, intranasal atomized midazolam, and inhalation nitrous oxide at three separate visits. After administering the sedative agent, a single pulpectomy was performed during each appointment, and the outcomes were recorded. The washout period between each visit was 1 week. All three sedative agents were equally effective in controlling overall behavior. Dexmedetomidine showed lower sedation level scores (agitated; score 9) than the other groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the onset of sedation, with dexmedetomidine having the longest onset of 36.2 ± 9.47 min. Coughing and sneezing were predominantly observed after administration of intranasal midazolam. Oxygen saturation levels were statistically lower in the intranasal midazolam group during local anesthesia administration and post-treatment. 0.3 mg/kg intranasal midazolam is as effective as nitrous oxide sedation for controlling behavior and providing adequate sedation in pediatric dental patients. However, 1 m/kg dexmedetomidine did not provide the same level of sedation and had a significantly longer onset. 0.3 mg/kg intranasal midazolam is an effective alternative to nitrous oxide sedation in anxious children.

Pattern of Traumatic Dental Injuries and Treatment Receipt among Children Attending the University Dental Hospital in Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern and distribution of traumatic injuries to primary and permanent anterior teeth in 2–14-year-old pediatric dental patients in AlHassa region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: The study sample consisted of pediatric dental patients visiting the university dental complex seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) during the period from February 2022 to April 2023. Data were collected by means of interviewing the children and/or parents regarding the history of trauma and clinical examination for evidence of dental trauma to primary and permanent teeth. Results: A total of 122 children (184 teeth) including 78 (63.9%) boys and 44 (36.1%) girls sustained traumatic injuries to their teeth. The most common reason for dental trauma was falls, and maxillary right central incisor was the most frequently affected permanent teeth. Enamel-dentine fractures in permanent teeth and luxation injuries among primary teeth were predominantly noted. Majority of the injuries (47.5%) have been found to have not received timely attention for treatment. Conclusions: Early treatment of dental trauma should be emphasized, and preventive strategies targeted at parents and teachers at the community level are needed to promote and reduce the burden of TDIs.

Inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia in children: The effect of ibuprofen and phentolamine mesylate on pain perception.

For successfully managing pediatric dental patients, local anesthesia is essential to eliminate pain during or after the operative period. An early recovery from soft-tissue anesthesia after an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) should benefit a young child patient by avoiding the risk of inadvertently biting the soft tissues. Hence, the purpose of the study was to (1) evaluate and compare the efficacy of pre- and postoperative ibuprofen on pain perception in children who undergo IANB anesthesia with or without the use of PM and (2) evaluate the average time required for reversal of anesthesia symptoms using phentolamine mesylate. The present study was a randomized, clinical trial performed among 60 children between 6 and 8 years of age using a convenient sampling method. The children were randomly assigned into four equal groups of 15 each using the computer-generated randomization sequence. IANB anesthesia was performed using 2% lignocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, and a mandibular primary molar pulpotomy was performed on each group. Group 1: the ibuprofen tablet was taken 1 h before the onset of the procedure. Group 2: ibuprofen tablet 30 min after the pulpotomy procedure. Group 3: the ibuprofen tablet was taken 1 h before the onset of the procedure, and the Phentolamine mesylate (PM) injection was administered. Group 4: immediately after the pulpotomy, the PM injection was administered, and an ibuprofen tablet was taken 30 min after the pulpotomy procedure. All children were assessed for the duration of soft-tissue anesthesia, their behavior scores and pain rating, as well as the incidence of postoperative self-inflicted injuries. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare the average time needed for the reversal of anesthetic symptoms between groups. The effects of phentolamine, local anesthetics, and ibuprofen on the child's behavior and pain scores were compared using the Student's t-test. For the study, P < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. The time needed for the full reversal of anesthetic symptoms to manifest on the tongue and lip was substantially reduced by the injection of phentolamine (P < 0.001). The use of phentolamine for reversal or the intake of ibuprofen pre- or postoperatively did not exhibit any significant variation in the behavior, pain experience, or incidence of self-inflicted injuries in the child. It is evident that although phentolamine injections shorten the duration of anesthesia, the adjunctive use of pre- or postoperative ibuprofen did not significantly alter pain scores.

Efficacy of Midazolam/Meperidine vs Midazolam/Hydromorphone for Enteral Moderate Sedation in the Pediatric Dental Patient.

The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of midazolam/meperidine (M/M) vs midazolam/hydromorphone (M/H) for enteral moderate sedation along with inhalational sedation in pediatric dental patients. This retrospective chart review analyzed the charts of pediatric patients who received dental treatment under enteral moderate sedation with either M/M or M/H in combination with inhalational sedation (nitrous oxide/oxygen) at El Rio Community Health Centers (affiliated with NYU Langone) in Tucson, Arizona, from July 2014 to December 2020. Included subjects were between 2 and 5 years of age, less than 20 kg, and otherwise healthy. In addition to demographic and drug-dosing data, treatment completion, sedation level, behavioral score, overall effectiveness, and sedation duration data were collected and analyzed from each patient's chart. No statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the 2 drug regimens in treatment completion (P = .89), sedation level (P = .74), and overall effectiveness (P = .70). There was a statistically significant difference in behavior scoring, with the M/H group demonstrating higher scores (P = .04) than the M/M group. The combination of midazolam and hydromorphone may provide an effective alternative to midazolam and meperidine when used with inhalational sedation (nitrous oxide/oxygen) for the moderate sedation of pediatric dental patients.

Perception of Behaviour Management Techniques for Paediatric Patients among Dental Officers

Introduction: Dental anxiety can be effectively managed by applying pharmacological and non-pharmacological behavioural management therapy approaches (BMT). This study investigated the dental officers’ perception of behaviour management techniques practiced in managing paediatric dental patients in primary dental clinics. Materials and methods: A quantitative study using structured online English questionnaires among dental officers serving in primary dental care services under the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH Malaysia) in Sabah. The acceptability of applied behaviour management techniques was measured using Likert scale from 0 to 10. Data was analysed using SPSS version 29 and descriptive data was presented. Results: Seventy-four dental officers involved in this study (Male= 14, Female= 60). Positive verbal reinforcement, tell-show-do, and offering an exact explanation of what the findings indicate are the most widely accepted behaviour management strategies (BMT), with mean scores of 9.5, 9.1, and 8.7, respectively. The least accepted BMT among dental officers in Sabah are immobilisation with a papoose board, preventing the child from speaking during treatment, and hand over mouth (HOM), with mean scores of 4.6, 3.6, and 3.2, respectively. Conclusion: The study concludes that the most recognized BMT is positive reinforcement technique regardless of age, experience and gender. This finding provides information in the development of modules for continuous professional development training among dental officers in the Ministry of Health Malaysia.

PREVALENCE OF EARLY LOSS OF TEETH IN 0–16-YEAR-OLD TURKISH PEDIATRIC POPULATION: A TEN-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Aim: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the extraction frequencies of primary and permanent teeth in Turkish pediatric dental patients according to age and sex.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: Data collected from 21,856 patients aged 0–16 between 2012 and 2021 were evaluated. Primary teeth, permanent first molars, and premolar teeth extraction were evaluated separately.Statistical analyses were performed using student t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Games-Howell post hoc, and chi-square tests. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05 (p

Effect of “Tell Show Do” Method on Dental Anxiety in Pediatrics Dentistry: A Meta Analysis

Background: Anxiety in children will make it difficult for dentists to perform dental treatment. In dentistry, especially pediatric dentistry, children who are very anxious will avoid examinations and refuse dental treatment. This study aims to analyze the influence of the "tell show do" method in reducing dental anxiety in pediatric patients. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted using PRISMA flow diagrams. Search articles through journal databases including: Google Scholar, PubMed, and Springer Link by selecting articles published in 2016 and 2022. The keywords used are (“tell show do” OR “TSD”AND “dental anxiety” OR “anxiety” ) AND (“pediatric dentistry” OR “children”) AND (“RCT” OR “randomized control trial”). The inclusion criteria were full paper articles using the Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) research method, the results of the analysis used the Mean SD value, the intervention provided was a tell show do, the study subjects were pediatric dental patients at the first visit, with dental anxiety as an outcome. Articles that met the requirements were analyzed using the Revman 5.3 application. Results: The meta-analysis of 12 articles shows that there is an increasing effect using the tell show do method on reducing dental anxiety. Children who received the tell show do intervention had a dental anxiety level 0.54 units lower than those who did not receive the tell show do, and the effect was statistically significant (SMD 0.54; 95% CI= 0.23 to 0.85; p=0.0007). Conclusion: The tell show do method has an effect on reducing anxiety in pediatric dental patients. Keywords: tell show do, dental anxiety, meta-analysis

Virtual Reality Distraction: A Novel Behaviour Management Technique

ABSTRACT Virtual reality distraction (VRD) is developing technologies for behavior management that can assist a child in adjusting to the dental setting and provide high-quality dental care. The purpose of this literature is to shed light on VRD and its application to the treatment of pediatric dental patients.

Parents’ satisfaction with the teledentistry method during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study in Java and Bali

Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic situation in Indonesia has caused increased anxiety, especially among parents trying to provide health services for their children. The concerns are about cross-contamination through aerosol splashes and contamination by the virus on instruments and in dental offices. Therefore, the government urges the public to use telemedicine. Telemedicine is a digital-based remote health service. The service utilizes information and communication technology. Purpose: This study aims to assess the satisfaction of parents of pediatric dental patients in using teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach was arranged. Data was gathered through questionnaires distributed to parents who live in Java and Bali using the Google Forms platform, consisting of 15 questions with 6 domains of questions. Results: The results showed that 201 respondents were parents of pediatric dental patients, including 123 female respondents and 78 male respondents. The average age of respondents is dominated by the age group 36–40, which included 68 respondents. Two hundred and one respondents were satisfied with dental health services using teledentistry. Conclusion: Parents of pediatric dental patients are generally satisfied with the quality of dental and oral health services using the teledentistry method.

Efficacy of Virtual Reality Distraction in Reduction of Pain and Anxiety of Pediatric Dental Patients in an Iranian Population: A Split-Mouth Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial.

This crossover clinical trial was conducted with eligible 6-8-year-old children requiring bilateral mandibular molar pulpotomy. At the first treatment visit, pulpotomy was performed for 15 children using VR glasses distraction while the other 15 children received a pulpotomy without any VR glasses; this trend was reversed at the second session and pulpotomy was performed for the contralateral tooth. Pulse rate (PR) and Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS) measured the anxiety levels. Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale (WBFP) assessed the pain perception before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 using the Mann-Whitney and χ2 tests. The mean PR was not significantly different between the two groups. However, the test group showed significantly lower scores of MCDAS (P value = 0.02) and WBFP (P value = 0.001) compared with the control group. The present results suggest that VR headsets can decrease the level of pain and anxiety of patients during primary mandibular pulpotomy. This trial is registered with IRCT20200315046782N1.