Strips of smooth muscle, cut transversely from the smooth-muscle segment of opossum esophagus, were superfused with oxygenated Krebs-Ringer solution at 37 degrees C in a system that allowed electrical field stimulation of the intrinsic nerves. Three-to-five-second trains of rectangular pulses (0.5 ms long at 10 Hz) were delivered at 30-s intervals at supramaximal maximal current strength. In strips from the esophageal body, each train resulted in a twitch which followed after the end of train with a particular latency, the off-response. Strips from the esophagogastric sphincter relaxed during the train. Temperature was varied above and below 37 degrees C to observe the temperature dependence of the responses. Latency of the off-response varied exponentially with temperature. Amplitude of the off-response showed a linear decline with changes in temperature, both above and below 35 degrees C, the zero-intercepts being 19.6 and 42.3 degrees C, respectively. Amplitude of relaxation of strips from the junction varied little between 20 and 37 degree C but declined sharply beyond those limits, the zero-intercepts being 14.2 and 42 degrees C, respectively.