Overweight Middle-aged Women Research Articles

Effect of high dietary fiber intake on insulin resistance, body composition and weight, among overweight or obese middle-aged women: study protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled trail.

Background Obesity is a major consequence of malnutrition and significantly contributes to the global burden of chronic diseases. Currently, there are more overweight and obese individuals than underweight individuals. Increased fiber intake can increase insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation. According to research studies, the average dietary fiber consumption is below the recommended value, and the WHO anticipates that the worldwide obesity prevalence has increased in the past ten years. Aim To evaluate the effect of high dietary fiber intake on insulin resistance, body composition, and weight in overweight and obese middle-aged women. Method This hospital-based study evaluated 500 people during phase 1 to identify the prevalence of insulin resistance among overweight and obese middle-aged women. An RCT with intervention and control arms for 180 individuals is being conducted in Phase 2 to determine the effect of increased dietary fiber consumption on insulin resistance, body composition, and weight in overweight or obese middle-aged women. In the intervention group, women were counselled for 15 min and given a tailored food chart including 40 g of fiber. Women in the control arm will receive a typical food care plan with 25 g of fiber, based on their health status. Each engaged woman received fiber nutritional empowerment. Discussion Increasing dietary fiber consumption can improve insulin resistance, body composition, and weight in middle-aged overweight and obese women. Trial registration The Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2022/01/039074) has registered this study as a clinical trial on January 3, 2022 http://ctri.nic.in

Early Intervention in Cognitive Aging with Strawberry Supplementation.

Late-life dementia is a growing public health concern lacking effective treatment. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) develop over a preclinical period of many years beginning in midlife. The prevalence of insulin resistance, a prominent risk factor for late-life dementia, also accelerates in middle-age. Consumption of berry fruits, including strawberries, has been shown to influence metabolism as well as cognitive performance suggesting potential to mitigate risk for dementia. In this controlled trial, we enrolled overweight middle-aged men and women with insulin resistance and subjective cognitive decline and performed a 12-week intervention with daily administration of whole-fruit strawberry powder. Diet records showed that participants in both groups maintained the prescribed abstinence from berry product consumption outside the study. We observed diminished memory interference (p = 0.02; Cohen's f = 0.45) and a reduction of depressive symptoms (p = 0.04; Cohen's f = 0.39) for the strawberry-treated participants; benefits consistent with improved executive ability. However, there was no effect of the intervention on metabolic measures, possibly a consequence of the sample size, length of the intervention, or comparatively low anthocyanin dose. Anti-inflammatory actions of anthocyanins were considered as a primary mechanistic factor. The findings support the notion that strawberry supplementation has a role in dementia risk reduction when introduced in midlife. However, further investigation with longer intervention periods, larger samples, and differing dosing regimens will be required to assess the benefits of strawberry intake with respect to cognition and metabolic function in the context of aging.

The Effectiveness of a Course of Web-based Physical Activity on the Physical Literacy and Body Image Coping Strategies in Overweight Middle-Aged Women: A Study with an Expectancy Effect

The Effectiveness of a Course of Web-based Physical Activity on the Physical Literacy and Body Image Coping Strategies in Overweight Middle-Aged Women: A Study with an Expectancy Effect

Opportunities for physical activity within clinical care: positive healthcare effects of exercise interventions delivered via telehealth services with evidence-based fitness resources.

This article is an overview of the scientific research on the effectiveness of the original weight management program delivered via telehealth services for middle-aged overweight women - the summary of three original scientific studies that complement each other (N.=55, N.=105, N.=62). The manuscript presents theoretical analysis of special scientific and methodological literature, anthropometric and pedagogical methods and methods of mathematical statistics. The physical fitness profile of the middle-aged overweight and obese women was assessed by factor analysis. The pilot feasibility study involving women with an average age of 37.2 years (N.=55) was designed to explore the possibility of remote implementation of primary and ongoing measurement for main anthropometric indicators characterizing excessive body weight. The cross-sectional study involving overweight and obese women (via the Body Mass Index [BMI] from 25.00 to 32.10 kg/m2) with an average age of 38.9 years (N.=105) explored the data with factor analysis and identified the major factors, which determined the structure of physical condition in middle-aged obese women and selected the most informative criteria for designing self-training exercise programs. These criteria were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the original weight management program delivered via telehealth services for middle-aged overweight women in interventional cohort study (N.=62). Participation in the weight management program resulted in significant changes in the morpho-functional status of the women. This article consisting of three blocks presents the original weight management program whose detailed description and proved effectiveness make this article valuable from a practical point of view for health care professionals who consider telemedicine tools possible for implantation in their practice with obese people.

The Effect of Aerobic Activity on Changes in Cystatin C and Homocysteine Levels as Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Background and Objectives Chronic inflammation is associated with the development of various diseases, including atherosclerosis and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of longterm selected aerobic exercises on changes in cystatin C and homocysteine in inactive and overweight middle-aged women. Subjects and Methods Thirty non-athlete middle-aged women (mean age: 46.06±6.97 years, weight: 71.82±9.11 kg, height: 156.9±5.24 cm, and body mass index: 29.2±4.11kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this project and were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups The experimental group performed selected aerobic exercises (65-75% of maximum heart rate) for eight weeks. Blood samples were taken before and 24 hours after the completion of the research protocol to measure the levels of cystatin C and homocysteine. Analysis of covariance was used for intergroup comparisons and paired t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The results showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in cystatin C (P=0.09) and homocysteine (P=0.07) after eight weeks of selected aerobic exercises. A significant decrease was observed in weight (P=0.001) and body mass index (P=0.002) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion Overall, the results of the present study showed that although the eight-week activity program improved the body composition of overweight middle-aged women, longer periods of aerobic exercise are required to examine clearer biochemical results.

Predictors of Weight-Control Behavior in Healthy Weight and Overweight Korean Middle-Aged Women.

Although obesity level is considered to influence weight-control behavior, few studies have examined how predictors of weight-control behavior differ according to obesity level. We compared the predictors of weight-control behavior in healthy weight and overweight middle-aged Korean women. This study used a comparative cross-sectional design. In total, 352 middle-aged women (131 overweight and 221 healthy) who visited community centers in eight Korean cities participated in the study. Participants completed self-report questionnaires concerning perceived health, body dissatisfaction, health-related concerns, self-esteem, and weight-control behavior. Scores for weight-control behavior in the overweight group were higher than those in the healthy weight group. Stepwise multiple regression showed that health-related concerns, body dissatisfaction, socioeconomic status, and self-esteem predicted weight-control behavior in the overweight group. Perceived health, socioeconomic status, meal regularity, health-related concerns, and age predicted weight-control behavior in the healthy weight group. The findings indicate that nursing strategies should differ according to obesity level to improve weight-control behavior in middle-aged women. In community or clinical settings, nurses are advised to develop customized weight control programs based on obesity levels in middle-aged women.

Attitude to health as an indicator of basic needs satisfaction among overweight female teachers

In modern conditions, the study of self-attitude and attitude to health among middle-aged overweight women is relevant in practical terms, since it is an important condition for full psychological health. This paper aims to study attitude to health as an indicator of basic needs satisfaction among overweight teachers. Body mass index, attitude to health, and satisfaction of needs were taken as the major parameters for the analysis of empirical materials. The study involved fifty female teachers aged from 31 to 34. It was revealed that the system-forming component of overweight women is “the need for safety”. The research results can be used by psychologists and fitness instructors in the development of correctional approaches, educational programs on a healthy lifestyle, training sessions, weight management programs, as well as during the consulting of female teachers.

Identification of Informative Physical Condition Indicators for Self-Training Exercise Programs Design for Middle-Aged Overweight and Obese Women

The objective of this study was to identify informative anthropometric and functional indicators for design- ing self-training exercise programs for middle-aged obese women. The study involved 105 women with an average age of 38.9 and was conducted at the Scientific Research Institute of NUPESU. The physical fitness profile of the middle-aged overweight and obese women was assessed by use of factor analysis. The dom- inant factor was the anthropometric status (42.1% of the total variance) and included 14 indicators. The second factor (21.2% of the total variance) included ten indicators characterising functional state of the cardiorespiratory system. The third and fourth factors (18.1% of the total variance) included eight indica- tors characterising physical fitness and coordination abilities. Five indicators were selected based on the factor analysis: waist circumference, abdominal circumference, waist to hip circumference ratio, adaptation potential, and VO 2 max. Correlation analysis performed to verify the informative value of the selected mark- ers showed that the waist circumference significantly correlated with 28 studied indicators; the abdominal circumference correlated with 29 indicators; the waist to hip circumference ratio correlated with 24 indica- tors of physical condition; the adaptation potential correlated with 24 indicators; and VO 2 max significantly correlated with 18 indicators. Informative markers selected based on the factor and correlation analyses can be used for designing and assessing the effectiveness of physical exercise programs for middle-aged overweight and obese women.

Are changes in meniscus volume and extrusion associated to knee osteoarthritis development? A structural equation model

To explore the interplay between (changes in) medial meniscus volume, meniscus extrusion and radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) development over 30 months follow-up (FU). Data from the PRevention of knee Osteoarthritis in Overweight Females study were used. This cohort included 407 middle-aged women with a body mass index ≥27kg/m2, who were free of knee OA at baseline. Demographics were collected by questionnaires at baseline. All menisci at both baseline and FU were automatically segmented from MRI scans to obtain the meniscus volume and the change over time (delta volume). Baseline and FU meniscus body extrusion was quantitatively measured on mid-coronal proton density MR images. A structural equation model was created to assess the interplay between both medial meniscus volume and central extrusion at baseline, delta volume, delta extrusion, and incident radiographic knee OA at FU. The structural equation modeling yielded a fair to good fit of the data. The direct effects of both medial meniscus volume and extrusion at baseline on incident OA were statistically significant (Estimate=0.124, p=0.029, and Estimate=0.194, p<0.001, respectively). Additional indirect effects on incident radiographic OA through delta meniscus volume or delta meniscus extrusion were not statistically significant. Baseline medial meniscus volume and extrusion were associated to incidence of radiographic knee OA at FU in middle-aged overweight and obese women, while their changes were not involved in these effects. To prevent knee OA, interventions might need to target the onset of meniscal pathologies rather than their progression.

Factors associated with longitudinal change of meniscal extrusion in overweight women without clinical signs of osteoarthritis.

To identify variables associated with longitudinal change in meniscal extrusion, which might be used as possible targets for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) prevention. In a high-risk population of middle-aged overweight women, meniscal extrusion was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T, coronal proton density, in-plane resolution 0.5mm2, Sante DICOM Editor) at baseline and after 30 months. Outcomes were the absolute change in medial and lateral extrusion (mm) and relative change in extrusion (%). Based upon literature, 11 factors were hypothesized to be associated with longitudinal change. Generalized estimating equations were used to model the effect on meniscal change (P<0.05). In total, 677 knees of 343 women were available for analysis, with a mean age of 55.7 years (+/-3.2) and a mean BMI of 32.3 kg/m2 (+/-4.2). The greatest change in meniscal extrusion appeared medially with incident meniscal tear (4.4%; absolute 0.9 mm (95% CI: 0.3, 1.5; P=0.004); relative 14.5% (4.4, 24.7; 0.005)). Varus malalignment was associated with an increase of medial extrusion of 0.6 mm (37.6%; 0.1, 1.0; 0.009). A 5 kg/m2 higher baseline BMI was associated with absolute and relative increase of medial extrusion of 0.2 mm and 2.96% (0.1, 0.3; <0.001 and 1.3, 4.8; 0.002). Less explicit but significant changes in extrusion appeared with longitudinal change in BMI. Meniscal tears, varus malalignment and BMI were significantly associated with change in meniscal extrusion in middle-aged overweight women, providing viable therapeutic targets to prevent or reduce extrusion and thereby decelerate KOA development.

Характеристика показників фізичного стану жінок другого періоду зрілого віку з надлишковою масою тіла

Мета. Оцінити показники фізичного стану жінок другого періоду зрілого вікуз надлишковою масою тіла як основи побудови програми самостійних профілактично-оздоровчих занять. Матеріали і методи. Теоретичний аналіз спеціальної науково-методичноїлітератури, антропометричні, фізіологічні, педагогічні методи дослідження, методиматематичної статистики. У педагогічному експерименті взяли участь 105 жінок другогоперіоду зрілого віку, середній вік яких становив 38,9 року. Результати. Визначено особливостіпоказників фізичного розвитку жінок другого періоду зрілого віку з надлишковою масою тіла.Результати обхвату талії вказують на абдомінальне ожиріння. Середньостатистичний результатіндексу маси тіла у жінок другого зрілого віку знаходиться в діапазоні, який відповідаєнадлишковій масі тіла і є підвищеним ризиком розвитку серцево- судинних захворюваньДосліджувані жінки в переважній більшості мають низький та нижче середнього рівеньфізичного здоров’я. Серед нашої вибірки не було виявлено жінок з вище середнім і високимрівнем фізичного здоров’я. Окрім того, за результатами тестування фізичної підготовленостіжінки мають низький рівень за більшістю показників (сила, координаційні здібності, гнучкість).Висновки. Проведені дослідження дозволили оцінити показники фізичного стану жінокдругого періоду зрілого віку з надлишковою масою тіла і в подальшому будуть використані длярозробки та обґрунтування програми самостійних профілактично-оздоровчих занять.

Choreographic Group-Based Fitness Classes Improve Cardiometabolic Health-Related Anthropometric Indices and Blood Lipids Profile in Overweight Sedentary Women

Background: Choreographic group-based fitness classes are the most common type of physical activity practiced by women, being a viable and sustainable strategy to improve general health. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a 16-week healthy lifestyle program, based on choreographic fitness classes, on cardiometabolic health-related anthropometric indices and metabolic blood profile among overweight sedentary women. Methods: A total of 50 overweight (Body Mass Index = 27.68 ± 1.19 kg/m2) middle-aged women (39.73 ± 7.41 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental exercise group based on structured choreographic fitness classes (CFC) with the Zumba Fitness program (3 days/week; 60 min/session) (CFC = 30) or a non-exercise control group (CG = 20). The anthropometric indices (waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, a body shape index, conicity index, abdominal volume index, and body adiposity index), blood pressure, glycemia, and blood lipid profile [triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)] were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Results: 40 participants competed the pre/post measures. Post-intervention, the CFC group (n = 25) presented a significant improvement in all anthropometric indices as well as in TG, HDL, and LDL as compared with the CG (n = 15). Conclusion: A 16-week healthy lifestyle program based on structured choreographic fitness classes with the Zumba Fitness program (3 days/week; 60 min/session) could significantly improve cardiometabolic health-related anthropometric indices and the blood lipid profile in overweight sedentary middle-aged women.

Annals for Educators - 1 December 2020.

Annals for Educators - 1 December 2020.

Correction of indicators of physical condition of women of the second period of mature age with excess body weight in the course of occupations by improving fitness

The aim was to assess the impact of the program of individual preventive and health-enhancing exercise classes on the improvement of physical condition in middle-aged overweight women. Material and methods: theoretical analysis of special scientific and methodological literature; anthropometric, physiological, and pedagogical methods; and the methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 62 middle-aged women with an average age of 38.5 years. The duration of the transformative pedagogical experiment was nine months. Results. In women, there were statistically significant (p &lt;0.05; p &lt;0.01) improvements in blood pressure, lung vital capacity, and heart rate recovery after dynamic exercise, which characterize the work of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. An increase in the mean group value of maximum oxygen consumption by 10.8% indicated an increase in the level of physical performance in the women. After the nine-month program, there were significant changes (p &lt;0.05; p &lt;0.01) in the values of the indicators that characterize the level of physical health of middle-aged women. The quantitative score of the participants of the experiment improved by 40.3% (p &lt;0.001) and corresponded to the “average level” according to the gradation scale of physical health. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, significant changes were observed (p &lt;0.05; p &lt;0.01) in the mean group results of exercise tests compared to the beginning of the experiment. In women, there were improvements under the influence of health-enhancing exercises in static balance (by 62.7% and 44.2%), muscle endurance (by 38.7%), flexibility (by 24.1%), strength (by 21.6%), and endurance (by 6.0%). Conclusions. Assessment of the proposed program showed its positive effects and effectiveness. The results of the study can be useful for fitness professionals when designing individual health-enhancing fitness programs focused on improving physical condition in middle-aged overweight women.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the program of independent preventive and health-enhancing exercise classes for middle-aged overweight women

The paper addresses the effects of independent preventive and health-enhancing exercise classes on the indicators of morphological status in middle-aged overweight women. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of independent preventive and health-enhancing exercise classes on the indicators of morphological status in middle-aged overweight women. Methods. The following methods were used: theoretical analysis of special scientific and methodological literature; anthropometric and pedagogical methods; and the methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 62 middle-aged women with an average age of 38.5 years. The duration of the transformative pedagogical experiment was nine months. Results of the study. During the pedagogical experiment, significant changes occurred in the morpho-functional status of the women. The most significant changes occurred in the following indicators: waist circumference decreased by 18.4% (p

Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention Based on Type D Personality in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged Women: A Feasibility Study.

Obesity is an important public health problem, particularly among middle-aged women. Type D personality, characterized by negative affectivity and social inhibition, is prevalent among obese and overweight middle-aged women and has been linked to maladaptive health-related behaviors and unhealthy lifestyle. Lifestyle interventions based on type D personality could be a first step in combatting obesity in middle-aged women. To identify the effects of a lifestyle intervention based on type D personality on health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, psychological distress, type D personality, and body composition in overweight and obese middle-aged women. A total of 36 overweight and obese middle-aged women participated in a quasi-experimental design using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest. The experimental group received a total of eight sessions of a lifestyle intervention program based on type D personality over the course of four weeks. Outcomes were measured health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, psychological distress, type D personality, and body composition (body weight, body mass index, body fat, and abdominal fat). Following the intervention, the experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group for health-promoting lifestyle behaviors, and significantly lower than the control group for psychological distress and type D personality. Body weight and body mass index decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. Further research on various intervention programs for overweight and obese middle-aged women is warranted, including lifestyle interventions based on type D personality.

A comparison of diet versus diet + exercise programs for health improvement in middle-aged overweight women.

Background:Obesity is an independent risk factor for many diseases. Many studies have investigated the benefits of losing weight as well as the best methods for weight loss. This research evaluated the impact of various weight loss programs on health enhancement among overweight women aged 40–60 years.Methods:This was a retrospective observational study that analyzed data from 145 overweight women in weight loss programs. Each woman joined one of four programs: 8 weeks of exercise plus diet (exe + nutr), 8 weeks of diet only (nutrition), 8 weeks of exercise only, or a control group. Women completed a psychological questionnaire and also underwent anthropometric tests, blood pressure checks, a predicted maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) test on an ergometer bicycle, a one-leg balance test, straight leg test, and a sit and reach test, both before and after the program. Participants also provided a blood sample.Results:All of the measured variables improved in the exe + nutr and nutrition programs when compared with the control group; the exe + nutr group improved the most: body mass index, −1.3 kg/m2; body fat, −2.9%; lean body mass, +1.1; VO2 max, +4.8; body image, +1.02; and p < 0.01.Conclusion:The hypothesis-generating findings showed that weight loss programs improved anthropometric, biochemical, physiological, physical, and psychological variables in women aged 40–60 years. The program that included diet restriction with exercise, guidance, and regular counseling showed the best results.

Effect of high compared with low dairy intake on blood pressure in overweight middle-aged adults: results of a randomized crossover intervention study

ABSTRACTBackgroundObservational studies suggest that high dairy intake is associated with a lower blood pressure (BP).ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the effect of a high-dairy diet (HDD) as compared with a low-dairy diet (LDD) on BP in overweight middle-aged adults.MethodsFifty-two overweight men and women were included in a randomized crossover intervention study. Each subject consumed 2 isocaloric diets for 6 wk, an LDD (≤1 dairy portion per day) and an HDD (6 or 5 reduced-fat dairy portions for men and women, respectively), with a 4-wk washout period in between the diets during which the subjects consumed their habitual diet. BP was measured at the start and at the end of the intervention diets. The effect of the intervention study was evaluated by 2-sample t tests. Mixed-model analyses were used for adjustment for the potential influence of changes in dietary protein and mineral intake and risk factors for hypertension including body weight and plasma cholesterol.ResultsConsumption of an HDD as compared with an LDD resulted in a reduction of both systolic BP (mean ± SD: 4.6 ± 11.2 mm Hg, P < 0.01) and diastolic BP (3.0 ± 6.7 mm Hg, P < 0.01). In further analyses, these reductions appeared dependent on the concomitant increase in calcium intake.ConclusionsThis intervention study shows that an HDD results in a reduction of both systolic and diastolic BP in overweight middle-aged men and women. If the results of our study are reproduced by other studies, advice for high dairy intake may be added to treatment and prevention of high BP. This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR4899.

The effect of eight weeks pilates training on plasma irisin levels and anthropometric parameters in overweight women

Background: Exercise training is always known as one of the most important workout strategies to treat and prevent fat accumulation, obesity and related diseases in all age groups. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of 8 weeks pilates training on resting levels of irisin and anthropometric obesity indexes in overweight middle-aged women. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 20 women with regular menstrual cycles and body mass index (30-25) were voluntarily chosen and randomly divided into two groups, Pilates and control. Pilates group trained 8 weeks, three time per week. Blood samples from participants were taken 12 hours before pre-test and also at the end of the exercise protocol after 48 hours of fasting state in two stages. Data were analyzed using the independent samples T-test and paired samples T-test (p 0.05). Comparison of means between groups by independent t-test was significant only in irisin variable compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seems Pilates exercise can effect on irisin plasma levels and anthropometric indexes in overweight women.

높은 지도 비율의 전신진동운동이 비만 중년여성의 신체조성, 기초체력, 혈중지질에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study to examine the effect of 8 weeks of whole body vibration exercise (WBVE) on body composition, physical fitness and blood lipid profiles in middle-aged overweight women. We recruited overweight participants (over 45 years, BMI 25 kg/㎡, or % body fat 32%, n=16), and randomly assigned them to either the control group (Con, n=8) or the exercise group (Ex, n=8). All participants underwent the evaluation for body composition, physical fitness and blood lipid profiles before and 8 weeks after the interventions. The Ex group performed the WBVE for 40 min/day, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The WBVE comprised of standing, squat, heel rise, and push-up positions, and the frequency and amplitude are controlled for an incremental overload exercise. The interaction effect was significantly different in the health-related fitness (muscle strength and endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, and percent of body fat) and the skill-related fitness such as agility and single-leg balance after 8 weeks of intervention relative to the baseline of the Con and Ex groups. In addition, the WBVE for 8 weeks significantly increased HDL-cholesterol and decreased body weight. These results suggest that WBVE program induces improvement of physical fitness and obese factors in middle-aged overweight women. Therefore, the WBVE might be an effective exercise method to promote physical fitness and weight loss in middle-aged overweight women.