Abstract
ABSTRACTBackgroundObservational studies suggest that high dairy intake is associated with a lower blood pressure (BP).ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the effect of a high-dairy diet (HDD) as compared with a low-dairy diet (LDD) on BP in overweight middle-aged adults.MethodsFifty-two overweight men and women were included in a randomized crossover intervention study. Each subject consumed 2 isocaloric diets for 6 wk, an LDD (≤1 dairy portion per day) and an HDD (6 or 5 reduced-fat dairy portions for men and women, respectively), with a 4-wk washout period in between the diets during which the subjects consumed their habitual diet. BP was measured at the start and at the end of the intervention diets. The effect of the intervention study was evaluated by 2-sample t tests. Mixed-model analyses were used for adjustment for the potential influence of changes in dietary protein and mineral intake and risk factors for hypertension including body weight and plasma cholesterol.ResultsConsumption of an HDD as compared with an LDD resulted in a reduction of both systolic BP (mean ± SD: 4.6 ± 11.2 mm Hg, P < 0.01) and diastolic BP (3.0 ± 6.7 mm Hg, P < 0.01). In further analyses, these reductions appeared dependent on the concomitant increase in calcium intake.ConclusionsThis intervention study shows that an HDD results in a reduction of both systolic and diastolic BP in overweight middle-aged men and women. If the results of our study are reproduced by other studies, advice for high dairy intake may be added to treatment and prevention of high BP. This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR4899.
Highlights
Hypertension is an important risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease [1]
Strong and consistent evidence demonstrates that the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, which is rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, and low-fat dairy products, and is low in snacks, sweets, meat, and saturated and total fat, has a blood pressure (BP)-lowering effect [4,5,6]
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an high-dairy diet (HDD) as compared with an low-dairy diet (LDD) on BP in overweight middleaged adults
Summary
Hypertension is an important risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and peripheral vascular disease [1]. Results: Consumption of an HDD as compared with an LDD resulted in a reduction of both systolic BP (mean ± SD: 4.6 ± 11.2 mm Hg, P < 0.01) and diastolic BP (3.0 ± 6.7 mm Hg, P < 0.01) In further analyses, these reductions appeared dependent on the concomitant increase in calcium intake. Conclusions: This intervention study shows that an HDD results in a reduction of both systolic and diastolic BP in overweight middleaged men and women. If the results of our study are reproduced by other studies, advice for high dairy intake may be added to treatment and prevention of high BP. This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR4899.
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