Overload Vehicles Research Articles

Analisis Pengaruh Beban Berlebih terhadap Sisa Umur Perkerasan Lentur pada Jalan Kawasan Industri Driyorejo dengan Metode MDPJ 2017

Flexible pavement is designed with regard to the load that will be received in order to achieve optimal performance throughout its service life. However, conditions in the road reveal indications of overloading by each category of vehicles, especially overload vehicles. Driyorejo industrial area road is a provincial road that connects the main industrial areas in Gresik Regency. With traffic dominated by overload vehicles, especially large trucks carrying a lot of goods, indications of damage to the pavement are becoming increasingly clear and obvious. This research aims to assess the impact of traffic load on the remaining life expectancy of flexible pavement, focusing on the load of vehicles crossing the road in the Driyorejo industrial area as the study variable. The calculation method used is the Bina Marga 2017 Method. The data used are Average Daily Traffic (LHR) data and vehicle load data. From the calculation results, the actual traffic growth (i) value is 32.7%. Vehicle overloading causes a decrease in the planned life of the road as indicated by the truck factor value of 1.06. The Remaining Life (RL) calculation represents a 14% decrease from the standard RL value of 69.3% to 55.3% under overload conditions, so it can be concluded that the overload significantly reduces the life of the road which was originally designed for 10 years to only 7 years.

Failure Analysis for Overall Overturning of Concrete Single-Column Pier Bridges Induced by Temperature and Overloaded Vehicles.

Several overloaded-induced overturning incidents of girder bridges with single-column piers have occurred in recent years, resulting in significant casualties and economic losses. Temperature, in addition to overloading, may also play a role in exacerbating bridge overturning. To investigate the association between temperature and bridge overturning, an explicit finite element model (EFEM) of a three-span concrete curved continuous bridge considering nonlinearities was developed to simulate overall collapse. The effects of uniform and gradient temperatures on the overall overturning stability of curved and straight bridges were evaluated based on the EFEMs. Furthermore, the temperature-bridge coupling model and temperature-vehicle-bridge coupling model were utilized to examine how gradient temperature influences bridge overturning. The results show that the overall overturning collapse of a bridge follows four stages: stabilization, transition, risk and overturning. Variations in uniform temperature from -30 °C to 60 °C had a negligible effect on the ultimate vehicle weight for bridge overturning, with a variation of less than 1%. As the gradient temperature ranged from -30 °C to 60 °C, curved bridges show less than a 2% variation in ultimate vehicle weights, compared to a range of -6.1% to 11.7% for straight bridges. The torsion caused by positive gradient temperature in curved bridges can exacerbate bridge overturning, while negative gradient temperature in straight bridges can lead the girder to 'upward warping', facilitating girder separation from bearings. Monitoring the girder rotation angle and vertical reaction force of bearings can serve as important indicators for comparing the stability of bridges.

The Effect of Overdimension Overload (ODOL) Vehicles on Road Technical Life (Case Study: Enrekang Regency National Road Segment)

The Effect of Overdimension Overload (ODOL) Vehicles on Road Technical Life (Case Study: Enrekang Regency National Road Segment)

Detecting Traffic Rule Violations and Promoting Road Safety through Artificial Intelligence

Bangladesh faces significant traffic rule violation problems due to chaotic and overcrowded roads, where drivers often ignore traffic signals, switch lanes without warning, and overload vehicles. Pedestrian safety is also a concern, with jaywalking being common. Illegal parking, speeding, and reckless driving contribute to frequent accidents, and there's a lack of awareness and consistent enforcement of traffic rules. In this challenging scenario, YOLOv5 stands out as a practical solution. It's like having a sharp traffic officer who can quickly spot rule violations like running red lights or illegal parking. YOLOv5's abilities help enforce traffic rules more effectively, making the roads safer for everyone in Bangladesh, where road safety is a pressing concern.

Pengaruh muatan dan kecepatan kendaraan terhadap hasil emisi gas buang

The government is promoting the enforcement of over-dimensional and over-loading vehicles. Overloaded vehicles usually require a lot of power so it affects the results of exhaust emissions. This study aims to determine the results of emission tests by providing variations in load and speed on gasoline motorized vehicles, namely the Daihatsu Granmax Pick-Up 1.5 produced in 2014. The method used is experimental to determine the effect of independent variables (variations of load and speed) on the dependent variable (emissions exhaust gas). Variations of payload used are 0 kg, 735 kg, and 1200 kg with variations in speed of 0 km/hour, 10 km/hour, 20 km/hour, 30 km/hour, and 40 km/hour. The result of the experiment is that when the vehicle is unladen, with variations in speed, the Carbon monoxide (CO) and Hydro Carbon (HC) levels will be higher with a CO value of 0.83% and HC 121 ppm at a speed of 40 km/hour. When the vehicle is loaded according to GVW and given a variety of speeds, CO and HC levels increase with a CO value of 1.43% and HC 362 ppm at a speed of 40 km/hour. Meanwhile, if the vehicle is given a variation of speed with overload, the CO value rises to 3.30% and HC becomes 516 ppm at a top speed of 40 km/hour. So it can be concluded that the load variable and speed variations affect exhaust emissions and the largest exhaust emissions occur in overloaded vehicles.

THE EFFECT OF OVER DIMENSION OVERLOAD (ODOL) VEHICLES ON NATIONAL ROAD DAMAGE

The road's condition owing to the vehicle's Over Dimension Over Load (ODOL) is one of several highway issues. To further supervise and conduct road safety against overload as stated in Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation article 169 paragraph (1) to (3), it is necessary to research to determine the extent to which Over Dimensions Over Load (ODOL) vehicles affect the life of the road plan on the flexible pavement. This article discusses the Effect Of Over Dimension Overload (Odol) Vehicles On National Road Damage in Kalimantan Barat, specifically on the Jalan Lintas Kalimantan Poros Tengah/Jalan Raya Sosok II Kabupaten Sanggau and as a comparison in selected Jalan Raya Sintang, Kabupaten Sintang. This study examines the impact of Over Dimension Over Load (ODOL) cars on the VDF (Vehicle Damage Factor) and the 2023 ZERO ODOL plan on the pavement plan for the Jalan Lintas Kalimantan Poros Tengah (Jalan Raya Sosok II Kabupaten Sanggau and Jalan Raya Sintang, Kabupaten Sintang), a national route in Kalimantan Barat.By using primary data (photo documentation of dimension overload vehicles, road conditions) and secondary data (average daily traffic from P2JN, ODOL percentage data from BPTD XIV West Kalimantan, vehicle data at UPPKB Sosok and UPPKB Sintang, the calculation of traffic growth, vehicle overload, vehicle damage factor (VDF) value due to ODOL vehicles, Equivalent Single Axle Load, plan CESA, normal CESA, overload CESA, and remaining life (RL) value).The investigation shows that Jalan Raya Sosok II Kabupaten Sanggau and Jalan Raya Sintang, Kabupaten Sintang's plant life cannot survive owing to the vehicle's Over Dimension Over Load (ODOL). Jalan Raya Sosok II Kabupaten Sanggau will last 8.04 years and Jalan Raya Sintang, Kabupaten Sintang 8.23 years. Thus, Jalan Raya Sosok II Kabupaten Sanggau 1, 95 years or 19.5%, and Jalan Raya Sintang, Kabupaten Sintang 1, 77 years or 17.7%, have shorter pavement lifespans.

Internet of Things (IoT) Innovation and Application to Intelligent Governance Systems: A Case Study on DISHUB for Transport Vehicles

Vehicles can be used to facilitate humans in carrying out their daily activities. Motorized vehicles are divided into 3: land, sea, and air. Apart from the many benefits that can be obtained, motorized vehicles have dangers related to high-risk accidents. The highest cause of motorized vehicle accidents on land is road damage due to overload vehicles. Brake failure due to overload vehicles also contributes to vehicle accidents. This research aims to create an Internet of Things (IoT) based application to detect motorized vehicle load conditions. It was combined with several other technologies to produce a tool for detecting motor vehicle load conditions. The Extreme Programming Method is being used in this research. The Extreme Programming method is considered more suitable for completing this research because the communication with stakeholders is quite different. The Extreme Programming Method enables it to go back to the next step if discrepancies are encountered in making the system. The result of this research is an IoT-based tool called e-overload. It can detect vehicle loads, provide information for the drivers, and inform the results to related officers at the same time. E-overload tool will enable the drivers to get real-time information on the load on their vehicles. Officers will get additional evidence and the latest position of the vehicle to carry out actions against motorists who operate their vehicles with excessive loads.

THE IMPACT OF EXCESS CARGO LOADED ON THE SERVICE LIFE OF THE PAVEMENT PLAN ON JALAN KHATULISTIWA, SIANTAN HILIR, SUB-DISTRICT PONTIANAK UTARA, KOTA PONTIANAK

This study aims to review the impact of overload vehicle overload, vehicle damage capacity (VDF) on flexible pavement and decrease the service life of flexible pavement on Jalan Khatulistiwa. The method used is to analyze the service life of pavement based on the cumulative ESAL results for each change in load weight. The survey was conducted on Jalan Khatulistiwa in 2022. The data on vehicle weighing results was obtained from UPPKB Siantan using data in 2021. LHR data was obtained from the Pontianak P2JN office in 2020 and 2021. The study was carried out using the 1993 AASHTO method and the 2017 Highways. From the calculation results in the 20th year, the W18 value for the plan is 96,974,719.09 ESAL and the W18 overload in the 20th year is 110,929,554.2 ESAL. The increase in the value of W18 resulted in a decrease in the service life in the 19th year, namely the Ri value of -1.341% and in the 20th year the value of Ri was -14.390% whereas under normal conditions the value of Ri in the 20th year was 0%. Meanwhile, the remaining life of the plan caused by the addition of a 5% simulation load is the remaining 18,556 years and 100% of the remaining plan life is 9,297 years.

THE IMPACT OF EXCESS CARGO LOADED ON THE SERVICE LIFE OF THE PAVEMENT PLAN ON JALAN KHATULISTIWA, SIANTAN HILIR, SUB-DISTRICT PONTIANAK UTARA, KOTA PONTIANAK

This study aims to review the impact of overload vehicle overload, vehicle damage capacity (VDF) on flexible pavement and decrease the service life of flexible pavement on Jalan Khatulistiwa. The method used is to analyze the service life of pavement based on the cumulative ESAL results for each change in load weight. The survey was conducted on Jalan Khatulistiwa in 2022. The data on vehicle weighing results was obtained from UPPKB Siantan using data in 2021. LHR data was obtained from the Pontianak P2JN office in 2020 and 2021. The study was carried out using the 1993 AASHTO method and the 2017 Highways. From the calculation results in the 20th year, the W18 value for the plan is 96,974,719.09 ESAL and the W18 overload in the 20th year is 110,929,554.2 ESAL. The increase in the value of W18 resulted in a decrease in the service life in the 19th year, namely the Ri value of -1.341% and in the 20th year the value of Ri was -14.390% whereas under normal conditions the value of Ri in the 20th year was 0%. Meanwhile, the remaining life of the plan caused by the addition of a 5% simulation load is the remaining 18,556 years and 100% of the remaining plan life is 9,297 years.

Operational Data Analytics of Over Dimensional and Overloaded Truck in Indonesia

Over Dimension and Overload (ODOL) vehicles are one of the factors that cause road conditions to be easily damaged and potholes and can cause the risk of traffic accidents. ODOL vehicles are considered very detrimental to road infrastructure and increase the risk of accidents, inefficiency due to damaged road conditions, and air pollution because of excess exhaust gases. Road damage due to ODOL also triggered an increase in the budget for the maintenance of national roads, toll roads, and provincial roads, with an average of Rp 43.45 T per year. Based on data from the National Police Corps from the Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS) regarding accidents in 2018, ODOL trucks are one of the biggest contributors to traffic accidents. This study aims to determine the causes of vehicle overload and over dimension. The method used is to use the triangulation method. Triangulation of techniques means that researchers use different data collection techniques to obtain data from the same source. The results showed a relationship between vehicle modification and ODOL violations which were proven using Chi-square analysis. The chi-square value is 55,259 with a p-value of 0.000 at a significance level of 1%. This shows a significant relationship between vehicle modification and Over Dimension and Overload (ODOL) vehicle violations.

Pengaruh Kelebihan Muatan Kendaraan (Overload) Terhadap Konstruksi Perkerasan Jalan Raya Pada Ruas Jalan Mahir-Mahar Kota Palangka Raya

Basically the road will experience a decrease in structural function in proportion to the increasing age of the pavement. Road damage is currently a controversial issue, where some say that the pavement damage is caused because the highway is designed with a substandard quality level, and on the other hand it is stated that the pavement damage is caused by overload vehicles crossing the road that way.This research was conducted for 1 week (23 May 2022 – 29 May 2022) this research was conducted at 07.00 – 22.00 WIB (15 hours) on Mahir-Mahar road in the city of Palangka Raya. The results of the analysis show that 9,67 % of the area of Mahir-Mahar road in the city of Palangka Raya is damaged, with 5.10 % of road damage caused by overloaded vehicles. From the analysis of the remaining life of the road plan (remaining life) on Mahir-Mahar road the direction of the RTA Milono road to net Tjilik Riwut km 10 road for the next 10 years it has a remaining life of 48.42% and Mahir-Mahar road from Tjilik Riwut km 10 road to net RTA Milono road for the next 10 years, has a remaining life of 52.22%.Kata kunci : overload, road damage, remaining road design life.

ANALISIS UMUR SISA DAN TEBAL PERKERASAN JALAN TOL AKIBAT BEBAN BERLEBIH

Toll Road is an important instrument in people's lives because it can shorten travel time, cut travel costs, economic growth in the area. This makes the Toll Road the main choice for people to travel. The economic growth of an area causing the growth of industrial estates is in line with the growth of vehicles and the vulnerability of vehicles that are classified as excessive loads. Jakarta-Cikampek toll road passes through an industrial area that allows overload vehicles pass the section. Excessive load vehicles will damage the road and reduce the life of previously designed plans. This study aims to find out the impact caused by excessive load vehicles on the age of the road plan and evaluate the need for thick road pavement due to excessive load vehicles. Based on the calculation of the remaining age of the pavement obtained the results for vehicle overload by 3.21% with the remaining life of the pavement by 6 months. Meanwhile, for the remaining age in vehicle overload group 6B in 2032 by 3.48%. Then for the calculation of the thickness of the pavement needed obtained a result of 35 cm. Based on these results, it can be concluded that excessive vehicles have an impact on the pavement of the toll road. Keywords: Excessive Load Vehicles, Pavement Thickness, The Lifespan of Pavement.

Non-contact vehicle weighing method based on tire-road contact model and computer vision techniques

Vehicle overloading is a very common phenomenon. The overloaded vehicles not only cause severe damage to the road/bridge and shorten its service life, but also likely lead to traffic accidents. Therefore, the identification of vehicle load is of great importance to the management of overload vehicles and can also provide valuable information for the design and maintenance of transportation infrastructures. The commonly used vehicle weighing methods including static weighing, pavement weigh-in-motion (PWIM), and bridge weigh-in-motion (BWIM) are contact technologies with weakness such as cumbersome installation, poor durability, short service life, and high maintenance cost. It is desirable to have a non-contact vehicle weight identification method without any sensor or scales on/under the road and bridge. Thus, the present study proposed a non-contact method based on the tire-road contact model and computer vision techniques. Firstly, the tire-road contact model is theoretically derived based on the Hertz contact theory, and the relationship between the tire vertical force and the tire deformation is obtained. Then, computer vision techniques such as the image segmentation and character recognition are adopted for the identification of the tire deformation and inflation pressure that are combined with the theoretical model to determine the tire vertical force and then the vehicle weight. Finally, the field test on passenger cars and trucks are conducted to verify the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed method has a better performance than those methods in the literature, and shows a high accuracy and robust performance in vehicle weight identification under different conditions of inflation pressure, vehicle weight, motion state, and tire type.

Probabilistic anomaly trend detection for cable-supported bridges using confidence interval estimation

To rate uncertainties within anomaly detection course for large span cable-supported bridges, a probabilistic approach is developed based on confidence interval estimation of extreme value analytics. First, raw signals from structural health monitoring system are pre-processed, including missing data imputation using moving time window mean imputation approach and thermal response separation through multi-resolution wavelet-based method. Then, an energy index is extracted from time domain signals to enhance robust of detection performance. A resampling-based method, namely the bootstrap, is adopted herein for confidence interval estimation. Four confidence levels are defined for the anomaly trend detection in this study, namely 95%, 80%, 50%, and 20%. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed anomaly trend detection methodology is validated by using in-situ cable force measurements from the Nanjing Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge. As a result, the four-level anomaly detection triggers are determined by using the confidence interval estimation based on cable force measurements in 2007, which are 58,671, 48,862, 42,499 and 39,035, respectively. Subsequently, three cases are presented, which are spike detection, overloading vehicle detection and snow disaster detection. Through the spike detection, it is verified that energy index is capable to tolerate signal spikes. Three overloading events are simulated to conduct overloading vehicle detections. As a result, the three overloading events are detected successfully associated with different confidences. Snow disaster is detected with a more than 80% confidence based on the field measurements during the snow storm time window.

Study on the Calculation Method of Bearing Capacity of Old Steel Arch Bridge

Due to the long-term action of load, the material properties and structural shape of bridge structure will gradually change during service, resulting in the change of bearing capacity. In this paper, a calculation method of maximum bearing capacity is proposed for old steel arch bridges. The calculation method considers the material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity, as well as the residual deformation of the structure of the old bridge caused by the overload vehicle, collision of the vehicle and ship, resulting in the difference between the actual structure and the design drawing. Taking an 85 year old steel arch bridge in Ningbo as an example, the current material properties and the current configuration of the structure are actually tested, and the bearing capacity is calculated. The results show that: (1) The steel used in the bridge is well protected, and the properties of steel still meet the requirements; (2) For steel arch bridges, the deformation of arch ribs, especially the deformation out of plane, may greatly weaken the bearing capacity of the bridge; (3) It is necessary to consider the material nonlinearity and geometric nonlinearity for the calculation of the maximum bearing capacity of the old bridge.

Centrifugal Modeling of Geo-synthetics Reinforced Roadbed under Cyclic Loading Condition

The cyclic load of overload vehicles will cause uneven deformation of the roadbed, leading to serious safety accidents. Geo-synthetics can effectively restrict the roadbed as a type of reinforcement. However, it is not clear how to arrange geo-synthetics for a good balance between the economic benefits and sufficient reinforcement. A series of centrifuge model tests of geo-synthetics reinforced roadbed are carried out under the cyclic loads. The deformation and reinforcement effect are investigated by considering the different geo-synthetics spacing. The results show that geo-synthetics effectively restricts the roadbed deformation. The reinforcement effect of geo-synthetics decreases with the increase of depth along the loading center. The geo-synthetics reinforcement effect is enhanced by decreasing the geo-synthetics spacing. The cyclic loads only induce deformation within a limited zone in the roadbed. As the geo-synthetics spacing decreases, the depth of the deformation zone decreases while the horizontal width increases.

Functional Analysis of a New Concept of WIM Sensor by Using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (F.M.E.A.)

Abstract The overloading vehicle become an important problem for Europe Union, protecting the environment and increase the traffic safety. WIM or weigh-in-motion systems can monitor the traffic, determine the volume and type of traffic and detect the overload vehicles which are illegal. This paper discusses about applying the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis method for developing a new concept of WIM sensor, designed in PhD thesis from “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi. FMEA method or also called potential failure modes and effects analysis is a step-by-step approach for determine and identifying all possible failures in a new design, or manufacture process. This new concept of sensor can be used for urban traffic in order to reduce the cars pollution in the cities by providing real-time data traffic, monitoring vehicles and detecting the overloaded trucks. The FMEA method was applied for identification of functional failure risks and preventing failures from an early stage of concept.

THE OVERLOAD IMPACT ON DESIGN LIFE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT

Overloaded vehicles is one of the main problemsthat cause premature failure in road infrastructure. This paper presents an analysis of overloaded vehicles'effect on flexible pavement based on historical weigh-in-motion data. Thisarticle highlights the potential use of weigh-in-motion (WIM) data in pavement design by addressing the overload, the percentage of overloading, and axle load distribution. The percentage of overloaded vehicles can reach more than 80% of the total number of trucks and maybe one of the substantial factors that reduce pavement's service life. The actual traffic load is presented in the form of distribution for each type of axle load (axle load spectra) and the Vehicle Damage Factor (VDF) for each truck type. The effect of overload on the flexible pavement's design life is estimated by using the Cumulative ESAL comparison and Pavement Damage Ratio. Both analyses show that overload vehicles significantly decrease the pavement design life up to nearly half of the pavement life.

A Study of Soil Characteristics of Road damages in Jeram, Kuala Selangor

The main purpose of this research work is to identify the classification and strength of soil does it affected the road damages in Jeram, Kuala Selangor. The most factors influencing road damages in Jeram is an overloading vehicle using the main roads. To achieve the objectives of this paper soil laboratory testing has been done in justify the content of peat soil. Location of study can be categorizing as a plantation soil as there are a majority of land has been use in agricultural sector which are oil palm tree plantation. Besides, oil palm plantation suitable for peat soil land which has less soil strength. Sample of soil were collected in Jeram and bring it to soil mechanics and geotechnical laboratory in UMP. Few tests were being soil classification, particle size distribution, moisture content, density, specific gravity, Atterberg limit and direct shear test. Soil sample from three different roads were chosen which are Jalan Pantai Jeram, Jalan Simpang 3 Jeram and Jalan Tambak Tengah. The road has different criteria from the surface damages which no damages occur, less damage and most damages on road. From the data collected, Jalan Simpang 3 Jeram results the most damages road and the less strength of soil due to high content of peat soil. The soils criteria are located near trench and in the area of oil palm plantation. It also is the main road were used to collect the plantation yield to the factory.

Analysis and Prediction of Overloaded Extra-Heavy Vehicles for Highway Safety Using Machine Learning

Along with the prosperity and rapid development of the national economy, the transportation industry has rapidly developed in China. However, overloaded vehicles have been causing frequent traffic accidents. Thus, to alleviate or resolve the corresponding problems associated with highway engineering safety and the market economy, an improved technique for overload management is urgently required. In this study, to analyze the overload data on expressways and highways in China, we developed a machine learning model by comparing the performances of cluster analysis, backpropagation neural network (BPNN), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), and wavelet neural network (WNN) in analyzing global and local time series overload data. In a case study, our results revealed the trends of overloading on highways in Jiangsu Province. Given sufficient data, BPNN performed better than GRNN and WNN. As the amount of training data increased, GRNN performed better, but the runtime increased. WNN had the shortest runtime among the three methods and could reflect the future trends of the overload rate in the monthly data prediction of overload. Our model provides information with potential value for expressway network management departments through data mining. This information could help management departments allocate resources reasonably and optimize the information utilization rate.