Output Frequency Research Articles

Instability Entanglement in the Electron Cyclotron Maser

AbstractInvestigation of absolute instability (AI) and convective instability (CI) of the electron cyclotron maser has independently led to the birth of gyrotron oscillators and amplifiers. Here, it is demonstrated that these instabilities can form a cooperative relationship owing to the nonlinear behavior of the stimulated electron beam. The CI can be induced in a zero‐drive system with the assistance of AI, and the ohmic losses of all the excited waves inside the system are greatly reduced, which is called “instability entanglement” here. According to the theoretical and experimental study of a 167/330 GHz gyrotron, when instability entanglement occurs, the ohmic dissipation decreases to one‐ninth of the AI‐only condition, and the output power is enhanced by 20%. This discovery is promising for surpassing the ceiling of output power and frequency of gyrodevices placed by ohmic losses.

Multi-stage finite element modeling of the deformation behavior during ultrasonic-assisted incremental sheet forming

The incremental sheet forming (ISF) has the characteristics of high flexibility, short lead time and enhanced formability. However, it still needs to be further improved in the aspect of forming quality (e.g. geometric accuracy and surface finish). The introduction of ultrasonic energy field may improve the deformability of sheets and the performance of parts, and reduce the load during sheet metal forming. The present work aims to meticulously investigate the influence of ultrasonic vibration on the deformation mechanism of material in several periods. First, based on an improved material constitutive model which considers both the thermal activation and dislocation density evolution process, a multi-stage finite element model of UISF was established. In particular, the multi-stage finite element model of UISF is divided into two stages, the full contour forming stage and the local forming stage, in which a transient simulation with high frequency output was realized. The influence of vibration parameters on the forming force as well as the distribution of stress and strain field in the forming process was comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the ultrasonic vibration reduces the forming force obviously (53% at amplitude of 10 µm), which is due to the dynamic impact effect and acoustic softening effect. Four distinct stages, approaching, loading, unloading and departing, are observed in a single vibration period. The dynamic impact effect of ultrasonic vibration changes the contact state between sheet and forming tool and causes the continuous propagation of dynamic oscillatory stress wave inside the material (propagate to the entire plate at 0.002 s), which leads to the significant change of stress and strain field. At the same time, the maximum stress is significantly reduced (73% at amplitude of 10 µm). By applying ultrasonic vibration on the stress-strain field, it is found that these vibrations mainly act on the contact region between the sheet and forming tool. The high frequency vibration makes smooth stress distribution along the path as well as spread over the whole sheet area to create a uniform distribution. Benefitting from the smooth stress distribution, the vibration also promotes greater formability with good forming quality and the plastic deformation mainly occurs in the side wall deformed area. The present work provides a practical simulation approach to study the transient deformation behavior of materials under the ultrasonic field.

Multi-Amplification-Channel Active EMI Filter Based on Period Spread-Spectrum PWM for Common-Mode EMI Suppression

Due to the existing coupling loop between the motor drive system and the ground, when switching devices in the drive system operate at a high speed, common-mode (CM)-conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) is generated in the loop. The electromagnetic environment quality of the motor and peripheral equipment is reduced. As a small and lightweight EMI suppression device, the active EMI filter (AEF) can be used in the motor drive system to suppress the CM-conducted EMI. As the unity gain bandwidth of the operational amplifier (OPAMP) in the AEF is fixed, the CM-conducted EMI suppression effect of the AEF is poor. To solve this problem, the multiple-amplification-channel method is used to spread the frequency range of the CM voltage that the AEF can sense; therefore, the frequency of the compensation current output using the AEF is more complete, and a better CM-conducted EMI attenuation effect is obtained. At the same time, a combination of the period frequency carrier modulation (PCFM) and the multi-amplification-channel AEF is adopted so that the CM-conducted EMI in the whole EMI frequency range of the motor drive system is effectively suppressed.

Modeling of Switching Power Losses in Cascaded H-Bridges With Unipolar PWM

This paper studies the extraction of an equivalent resistance for calculation of the switching power losses in cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters with unipolar pulse width modulation. The concept of local and global rms currents and switching power losses are introduced in each H-bridge considering different frequencies of the inverter output and the switching network, i.e., transistor and diode. Energy conservation law has been utilized to show that the equivalent averaged local and global resistances for switching power losses are functions of load power factor angle, load rms current, and modulation index. This dependency is then reduced to only load rms current when the equivalent resistances are transformed to the inverter output branch based on the reflection rule. Consequently, a resistive model of switching power losses of the inverter is deduced, which depends neither on the knowledge of the physics of the switch, nor on complicated nonlinear equations of the semiconductor devices, and loop inductances. Double-pulse tests are conducted to acquire reliable data on the switching characteristics of the devices for different operating points.

Electron Beam Third Harmonic Amplification Generates High-Power Tunable Terahertz Radiation

A novel approach to extract and amplify the third harmonic of electron beam to generate high-power terahertz radiation is presented. Three planar grating structures operating in the backwave region are used for the extraction and amplification of the electron beam from the fundamental modulation, the fundamental amplification, and the third harmonic. This results in an amplified output of the fundamental wave and a high power output of the fundamental triplet frequency. The planar grating structure is easier to machine and assemble than conventional harmonic amplifiers and increases the flow rate of the electron beam. Calculations show that with an input signal of 119.5–120.6 GHz at 80 mW and a 35-A/cm <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\text{2}}$</tex-math> </inline-formula> electron beam in adjustment from 27.5 to 29.3 keV, the structure has an output signal of hundreds of milliwatts in the range of 358.5–361.8 GHz, with a power output of 583.2 mW at the central frequency point of 360 GHz. The harmonic signal is output while a watt-level fundamental signal can be output.

Optimization of Power Sharing and Switching Frequency in Si/WBG Hybrid Half-Bridge Converters Using Power Loss Models

The Si/WBG hybrid half-bridge (HHB) coordinates the hybrid-frequency operation and power-sharing ratio between the low-frequency Si phase and the high-frequency WBG phase to offer the same WBG benefits but with a much-reduced cost, in comparison to a full WBG solution. However, no generalized methodology has been reported so far to realize the full-scale optimization of switching frequency and the power-sharing ratio between those phases. In this paper, we first develop a generalized power loss model for Si/WBG HHB with total power loss as output and switching frequency and power-sharing ratio as a continuous input variable. And then develop a dynamic power-sharing ratio and switching frequency control to achieve minimum power loss over a wide load range. A 3-kW prototype of the Si/SiC HHB-based DC/DC converter is built to validate the power loss model and proposed control strategy. In comparison with several fixed parameters, the dynamic parameters obtained by the proposed power loss model achieve a 6-18% total power loss reduction without sacrificing power quality performance.

Adaptive Soft-Switching Control of Active-Clamping Three-Phase Inverters

Energy stored in the resonant inductor is critical to the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of power semiconductor devices in soft-switching active-clamping three-phase inverters. Traditionally, the soft-switching PWM timing parameters are designed based on calibrated data table. However, for motor drives or general-purpose AC power supplies, their fundamental output amplitude and frequency may vary, which makes control of the soft-switching inverter complex. It would be time-consuming and tiring to manually calibrate soft-switching timing control parameters under various operation conditions. In this paper, an adaptive soft-switching control of active-clamping three-phase inverters is proposed. The resonant inductor energy storage is adjusted to the optimal value automatically. Principles and implementation of the control are introduced. Parameters design of the adaptive control is discussed. Finally, the proposed method is verified by experiments.

Calibrating Data Mismatches in Deep Learning-Based Quantitative Ultrasound Using Setting Transfer Functions.

Deep learning (DL) can fail when there are data mismatches between training and testing data distributions. Due to its operator-dependent nature, acquisition-related data mismatches, caused by different scanner settings, can occur in ultrasound imaging. As a result, it is crucial to mitigate the effects of these mismatches to enable wider clinical adoption of DL-powered ultrasound imaging and tissue characterization. To address this challenge, we propose an inexpensive and generalizable method that involves collecting a large training set at a single setting and a small calibration set at each scanner setting. Then, the calibration set will be used to calibrate data mismatches by using a signals and systems perspective. We tested the proposed solution to classify two phantoms using an L9-4 array connected to a SonixOne scanner. To investigate generalizability of the proposed solution, we calibrated three types of data mismatches: pulse frequency mismatch, focus mismatch, and output power mismatch. Two well-known convolutional neural networks (CNNs), i.e., ResNet-50 and DenseNet-201, were trained using the ultrasound radio frequency (RF) data. To calibrate the setting mismatches, we calculated the setting transfer functions. The CNNs trained without calibration resulted in mean classification accuracies of around 52%, 84%, and 85% for pulse frequency, focus, and output power mismatches, respectively. By using the setting transfer functions, which allowed a matching of the training and testing domains, we obtained the mean accuracies of 96%, 96%, and 98%, respectively. Therefore, the incorporation of the setting transfer functions between scanner settings can provide an economical means of generalizing a DL model for specific classification tasks where scanner settings are not fixed by the operator.

Design of a multi-modulus divider with a wide frequency dividing range and low power consumption

A method of moduli expansion was presented to address the issue of wrongly altering the divider ratio at the boundary of the modulus expansion when multi-mode dividers (MMD) were utilized in fractional-N phase locked loops (PLLs). The multi-mode frequency divider was designed as the cascade of the 2/3 frequency dividers with an RS control terminal. Compared to traditional methods, only one OR gate is required for each modulus expansion, reducing the chip area. The 2/3 divider was designed using a True Single-Phase Clocked (TSPC) D-trigger structure, and each D-trigger uses a logic control technique with clearing and setting the number. An eight-stage multi-mode frequency divider with modulus expansion was developed using SMIC 55 nm CMOS technology. The simulation results demonstrated the large frequency divider range of the multi-mode frequency divider and its ability to carry out consistent switching operations over the 8–511 frequency divider range. The power consumption is 66.04W at a supply voltage of 1V, an input frequency of 2GHz, and an output frequency of 250MHz.

An Improved Finite Control-Set Model Predictive Control for Nested Neutral Point Clamped Converter

This paper presents an improved model predictive control with a finite control set (IFCS-MPC) for a four-level nested neutral point clamped (4L-NNPC) inverter. Controlling flying capacitors (FCs) voltages of 4L-NNPC, especially at low output frequency, is a challenging issue. In the proposed method, the control objectives of 4L-NNPC (current, FCs voltages, and switching losses of power devices) are formulated in terms of FCS-MPC. Furthermore, a computational burden reduction technique is introduced that reduces the search space from 216 to 96 switching states for a three-phase system. In addition to the current control, the proposed control method has the ability to control FCs voltages in the entire operating frequency range and also decreases the switching losses of the converter in comparison to the alternative methods. Also, it offers a lower computational burden than conventional FCS-MPC, which is of importance in implementation of MPC. The performance of the suggested method is verified on a 4L-NNPC in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Also, the experimental results are carried out based on a scaled-down hardware prototype validating the theoretical claims.

Short-pulse frequency stabilization of a MW-class ECRH gyrotron at W7-X for CTS diagnostic

At the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, a 174 GHz Collective Thomson Scattering (CTS) diagnostic will be implemented. One of the 140 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) gyrotrons will be operated at around 174 GHz in a higher cavity mode, using it as source for the CTS mm-wave probing beam. To prevent any damage to the CTS receiver, a notch filter cuts out the high-power gyrotron signal at the entrance of the receiver. The bandwidth of the gyrotron signal determines the notch filter bandwidth. First proof-of-principle experiments on frequency stabilization were conducted on W7-X ECRH gyrotrons employing Phase-Locked Loop techniques. The gyrotron output frequency was controlled with the accelerating voltage, which is applied between the anode and cathode of the gyrotron diode-type Magnetron Injection Gun. Frequency stabilization experiments with 10 ms pulses were conducted at the gyrotron nominal frequency of 140 GHz as well as at 174 GHz. It is concluded that the gyrotron frequency could be stabilized for at least 3 ms at 140 GHz and 8 ms at 174 GHz. In the frequency spectrum, a clear main peak of the gyrotron frequency at 140 GHz with a full -15 dB linewidth of below 500 Hz was achieved.

Output Power Computation and Adaptation Strategy of an Electrosurgery Inverter for Reduced Collateral Tissue Damage.

This paper investigates two ways of output-power computation, namely, sparse- and multi-sampling-based methods, to overcome sampling speed limitation and arcing nonlinearity for electrosurgery. Moreover, an impedance-based power adaptation strategy is explored for reduced collateral tissue damage. The efficacy of the proposed power computation and adaptation strategy are experimentally investigated on a gallium-nitride (GaN)-based high-frequency inverter prototype that allows electrosurgery with a 390 kHz output frequency. The sparse-sampling-based method samples output voltage once and current twice per cycle. The achieved power computing errors over 1000 cycles are 1.43 W, 2.54 W, 4.53 W, and 4.89 W when output power varies between 15 W and 45 W. The multi-sampling-based method requires 28 samples of both outputs, and the corresponding errors are 0.02 W, 0.86 W, 1.86 W, and 3.09 W. The collateral tissue damage gauged by average thermal spread is 0.86 mm, 0.43 mm, 1.11 mm, and 0.36 mm for the impedance-based power adaptation against 1.49 mm for conventional electrosurgery. Both power-computation approaches break sampling speed limitations and calculate output power with small errors. However, with arcing nonlinearity presence, the multi-sampling-based method yields better accuracy. The impedance-based power adaptation reduces thermal spreads and diminishes sensor count and cost. This paper exemplifies two novel power-computation ways using low-end industrial-scale processors for biomedical research involving high-frequency and nonlinearly distorted outputs. Additionally, this work is the first to present the original impedance-based power adaptation strategy for reduced collateral damage and it may motivate further interdisciplinary research towards collateral-damage-less electrosurgery.

Supply or Demand? Policy Makers' Confusion in the Presence of Hysteresis

Policy makers need to separate between temporary demand-driven shocks and permanent shocks in order to design optimal aggregate demand policies. In this paper we study the case of a central bank that ignores the presence of hysteresis when identifying shocks. By assuming that all low frequency output fluctuations are driven by permanent technology shocks, monetary policy is not aggressive enough in response to demand shocks. In addition, we show that errors in assessing the state of the economy can be self-perpetuating if seen through the lens of the mistaken views of the policymaker. We show that a central bank that mistakes a demand shock for a supply shock, will produce permanent effects on output through their suboptimal policies. Ex-post, the central bank will see an economy that resembles what they had forecast when designing their policies. The shock is indeed persistent and this persistence validates their assumption that the shock was a supply-driven one. The interaction between forecasts, policies and hysteresis creates the dynamics of self-perpetuating errors that is the focus of this paper.

Demand-Side Management of Self-Sustained Droop Based Standalone Microgrid Using Conservation Voltage Reduction Strategy

Self-sustained microgrid (MG) carries the potential to replicate a conventional grid network with a smooth and robust control scheme to generate and disseminate power with the integration of diverse renewable sources by employing the voltage source inverter (VSI). The power generation capability is the primary function of VSI in an inverter-based distributed generation (DG). In addition, it is also operated to perform the task of demand-side management with the utilization of the conservation voltage reduction (CVR) strategy. In a conventional distribution network, the CVR strategy is exploited by voltage deduction within permissible range with the support of open-loop schemes, such as tap changers, capacitors, or close-loop schemes, such as supervisory control and data acquisition system. However, the CVR's applicability in a standalone MG is still a viable approach to be delved into and hence, this article intends to employ CVR by utilizing the conventional P-f droop and V-I droop principle in inverter-based DG. The proposed strategy produces voltage compensation according to the degree of voltage or frequency variation and therefore, the degree of voltage reduction is not fixed but it varies with the disturbance. The proposed control mechanism relies on the deviation of the voltage generated by the V-I droop and frequency output provided by the P-f droop during the overloading and peak demand condition. In addition to it, a control methodology is devised to check the coordination between CVR and load shedding strategy to shed load during overloading conditions. The performance testing of the proposed control methodology is being validated through real-time Opal-RT device.

Inductance-to-digital converters (LDC) based integrative multi-parameter eddy current testing sensors for NDT&E

Sensors’ signal conditioning and digital interface are important for sensor technologies, digital transformation, and the Internet of Things (IoT) in particular. Frequency output sensors and inductance-to-digital converters (LDC) offer distinct advantages over Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) interfaces. To miniaturize the eddy current testing system and achieve multi-parameter measurements, this paper reviews eddy current signal conditioning and digital interfaces in the field of displacement sensors and non-destructive tests & evaluation (NDT&E). After review and comparison of different signal conditioning and digital interfaces, the LDC chip is used in eddy current testing for multiple parameter measurements including lift-off distance and defect detection. An LDC-based integrative eddy current non-destructive testing method is proposed. The LDC chip provides AC to drive the LC resonator composed of the sensor coil and the parallel capacitor. By measuring the resonance frequency and parallel resistance (Rp) of the LC resonator, the simultaneous measurement of the lift-off distance and the defect is achieved. Based on the method, the testing experiments of two kinds of specimens made of aluminium and steel were carried out under different lift-offs. Experimental results show that both parameters of frequency and Rp of the LC resonator can intuitively reflect the defect depth and lift-off. Frequency- Rp curves can be used to quantify defect depth and lift-off distance and differentiate the material. This work also illustrates an integrated approach of signal conditioning and digital interface for multiple parameters or feature measurement for integrated eddy current NDT&E. The work opens a new way for addressing multiple parameter measurements of eddy current NDT & E including lift-off estimation and defect characterization via digital interfaces. It has the potential to bridge the gaps in metrology of geometry, displacement measurement, and NDT&E for defect detection and material characterization.

An improved range-interpolation-free PFA for bistatic synthetic aperture radar based on the principle of chirp scaling

In this paper, an improved range-interpolation-free polar format algorithm (PFA) is proposed for the bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR). As an alternative solution to the range spatial frequency resampling of the classic bistatic PFA, the conventional range-frequency scaling transformation (CRST) provides a further explanation of the range resampling of the bistatic PFA from the perspective of range-azimuth decoupling. Nevertheless, CRST cannot be taken as the perfect equivalence to the range resampling of the PFA for its inalterable output spacing of the range spatial frequency. Besides, CRST can be implemented by the principle of chirp scaling (PCS). The scaled range frequency may exceed the observed frequency band, which will cause range spectrum aliasing. To solve the above problems, we propose an improved range-frequency scaling transformation (IRST), which has the same alterable range spatial frequency output spacing as the classic PFA. Further, the PCS-based IRST is also given. The aliased spectrum localization criterion is defined to avoid spectrum aliasing according to the relation between the range frequency and the observed frequency band after IRST. Analyses and simulations are executed to demonstrate the effects of the proposed algorithm.

Programmable Optical Vernier‐Sampled Coherent Ranging

AbstractExtended measurement ranges with coherent ranging necessitate an increase in the digitizer sampling rate. Subsampled coherent ranging can reduce the sampling rate, but it has been demonstrated in a short range below around 10 cm. Herein, programmable optical Vernier‐sampled coherent ranging over several tens of meters with a reduced sampling rate using a newly developed stepped‐frequency‐swept laser (stepped‐FSL) is proposed. The measurable range of three‐dimensional subsampled coherent ranging can be extended by increasing the coherence length of the stepped‐FSL. The proposed stepped‐FSL sequentially emits a discrete frequency output by applying a programmable voltage signal to an electro‐optic modulator. The free spectral range of the stepped‐FSL output can be rapidly and akinetically adjusted by changing the number of steps in the programmable voltage signal. The proposed system realizes an extended measurable range (over 20 m) and a high repetition rate (200 kHz). A low sampling rate of 10 MS s−1 is sufficient for operation at a subsampled interference frequency of 1 MHz. This rate is an order of magnitude lower than that of the conventional coherent ranging using an FSL. Experimental results demonstrate that the programmable optical Vernier‐sampled coherent ranging can be improved by leveraging novel optical subsampling with a stepped‐FSL.

Proapoptotic effect of nonthermal pulsed ultrasound on prostate cancer cells in a nude mouse model.

Ultrasound (US) can induce cell injury, and we have previously reported that adjusting the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of ultrasound output can induce prostate cancer cell destruction without causing a rise in the temperature of the irradiated area. In this study, we examined the mechanism of nonthermal ultrasound cell destruction, which was not fully clarified in our previous reports. In vitro, we evaluated postirradiation cells immediately after treatment and examined membrane disruption by proliferation assay, LDH assay, and apoptosis assay. In vivo, we injected mice with human LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cells and evaluated the therapeutic effects of US irradiation by H-E staining and immunostaining. Proliferation assays showed inhibition at 3 h postirradiation independently of PRF and cell line (p < 0.05). Quantitative assessment of apoptosis/necrosis by flow cytometry showed widely varying results depending on cell type. LNCaP showed an increase in late apoptosis at 0 h independent of PRF (p < 0.05), while PC-3 showed no significant difference at 0 h. The LDH assay showed an increase in LDH independent of PRF in LNCaP (p < 0.05 respectively), but no significant difference in PC-3. In vivo, tumor volume was compared and a significant reduction was observed at 10 Hz for LNCaP (p < 0.05) and 100 Hz for PC-3 (p < 0.001) at 3 weeks after the start of irradiation. The excised tumors were evaluated with Ki-67, Caspase-3, and CD-31 and showed a significant treatment effect independent of cell type and PRF (p < 0.001 respectively). Examining the mechanism behind the therapeutic effect of US irradiation revealed that the main effect was achieved by apoptosis induction rather than necrosis.

Apparent total tract digestibility and palatability of extruded diets with graded levels of whole soybeans by dogs.

Fat has high energy density and is considered one of the primary energy sources for dogs, however, increasing fat level in dry dog food has been challenging due to the lubrication and limitation of the coating system. The objective was to determine the effect of whole soybeans (WSB) on nutrient digestibility, stool quality, and palatability by dogs. The corn gluten meal, chicken fat, and brewers rice were replaced by WSB at 10, 20, and 30% (WSB10, WSB20, and WSB30, respectively) in the base diet (WSB0). Twelve beagles were randomly assigned. The digestibility trial was duplicated 4 × 4 Latin square design where dogs were allowed a 9-d adaptation followed by a 5-d total fecal collection for each period. Least-square means were analyzed with a single degree of freedom contrasts and significance at α = 0.05. Palatability was determined with a 2-bowl test by 20 beagles for 2 d with each WSB diet compared to the WSB0. First choice preference between two diets and total food consumption were recorded. Individual intake ratios (IR) were calculated (intake of each diet/total intake) for each dog. First choice (FC) was analyzed by a Chi-square probability, and the diet consumption was compared by a Wilcoxon signed rank test and a 2-way analysis of variance. Fecal moisture, output, and defecation frequency increased linearly (P < 0.05) as WSB increased. Apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, fat, and gross energy decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as dogs fed the increased level of WSB. The fresh fecal pH in dogs decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as WSB content increased. The acetate, propionate, and the total short-chain fatty acid concentration increased linearly (P < 0.05) while the total branched-chain fatty acid concentration decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as WSB increased. Dogs had greater (P < 0.05) FC for WSB diets than WSB0, but there was no difference among treatments for diet consumption and IR. In conclusion, additional thermal processing before extrusion may improve nutrient digestibility of WSB. The stool quality and palatability were not affected, and fermentation in hindgut increased by WSB by dogs.

A ferromagnetic tribo-cilia enhanced triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator with superior performance in contact-noncontact sliding motion

One of the most challenging problems of sliding mode triboelectric nanogenerators (TEGs) is the mechanical wear occurring at the surface of triboelectric layers. Compromising by enlarging the frictional distance to reduce this wear conversely deteriorates the output performance of TEGs. This work presents a strategic path for addressing this problem by incorporating the ferromagnetic tribo-medium into a flexible cilium structure. Based on a rotational freestanding sliding mode, we have developed a highly integrated triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator (TEHG) that combines a ferromagnetic cilia based TEG (FC-TEG) and a printed multi-layer winding based electromagnetic generator (PMW-EMG). Interestingly, contrary to the conventional notion that the outstanding performance of TEGs is usually performed under compressed friction, the FC-TEG achieved its highest output at the critical contact/noncontact state (0 mm clearance). Compared to the ordinary flat film without doping ferromagnetic material, the FC-TEG at 500 rpm exhibited increments of 71.9 %, 100 %, and 87.4 % in open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and transferred charge, respectively, while accompanied with a resistance torque of only 20.8 % of the former. Further experimental findings have demonstrated that TEG and EMG exhibit a mutually complementary relationship in coordinating motion frequency and electrical output across varying rotational speed conditions. Under laboratory testing conditions, the output power and power density of the FC-TEG reached 442.5 μW and 41.2 mW/m2, respectively, while those of the PMW-EMG achieved 3.0 W and 17.5 mW/cm3. With this TEHG, we successfully drove a variety of sensors for monitoring information in agricultural environment and machinery. This study provides new insights and solutions for using ferromagnetic materials to address mechanical wear problems with enhanced performance in sliding TEGs.