Output Characteristics Of Solar Cell Research Articles

Real-time measurement of the current–voltage characteristics of a solar cell for laboratory experiment

The sensors and data acquisition universal interface provide more powerful choices for experimental teaching. In this paper, we introduce a teaching experimental setup that uses current and voltage sensors combined with universal interface to realize real-time automatic measurement of solar cell current–voltage characteristics. The current–voltage (I–V) and power–voltage (P–V) curves at various distances from the light source can be easy and fast obtained. At the same time, the effect of temperature on the electrical performance of photovoltaic modules can also be directly demonstrated using the cooling fan. Compared with the data read by ammeter and voltmeter, the experimental setup we built can enable students to obtain data faster under the same experimental conditions. We suggest that the real time I–V and P–V curves can help students experiment with the output characteristics of solar cells directly and allow them to relate electrical concepts such as short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage and maximum output power to the operation of the solar cells.

Дизайн и анализ просветляющего покрытия на поверхности кристаллического кремния солнечного элемента

With the positive development of photovoltaic technology, improving efficiency and reducing cost has become a global problem facing the solar industry. The development of solar cell anti-reflection film can significantly reduce the reflection of sunlight on the surface of the battery, increase the flux of light entering the battery, and create more photo-generated carriers, which is the most economical and effective way to improve the efficiency of the battery. More photo-generated carriers are produced, which is the most economical and effective way to improve the efficiency of batteries. Therefore, it’s of great value to explore a performance-matched antireflective film material for solar cells and its preparation process. The plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of silicon nitride antireflective coatings has been widely used in photovoltaic industry. The aim is to form an antireflection film on the surface of crystalline silicon solar cells and achieve good passivation effect. The thickness and refractive index of the antireflective film have an important influence on the performance of the battery. It is of great significance to explore the optimum technological conditions for preparing the optimum thin films. Considering the optical properties, stability, preparation process and production cost of antireflective film materials, the influence of antireflective film on the output characteristics of solar cells was studied by using PC1D simulation software.

MPPT Control Strategy of Photovoltaic Cells Based on Duty Cycle Disturbance

Photovoltaic cell is a key part of solar power generation system, and whether its photoelectric conversion is sufficient is also called the maximum power point tracking problem, that is, photovoltaic cell MPPT. Different from the traditional MPPT control algorithm, this paper models and analyzes the output characteristics of solar cell. on this basis, proposes a fuzzy control algorithm based on duty cycle disturbance, and simulates it with MATLAB. The result shows the algorithm can well take into account the tracking speed and control accuracy when the external environment change.

Textured solar cell modeling in TCAD

We investigate one of the promising methods for increasing the output characteristics of solar cells - surface texturing. The structures and characteristics of microcrystalline silicon solar cells are simulated. Solar Cells with different surface geometries are compared. The first type is the classic flat structure. The last and the most effective is Solar Cell with the surface in the form of microscopic pyramids separated by flat regions.

Optimal model for additional operation of the storage system for photovoltaic wind power plants

This paper discusses methods for modeling and optimizing photovoltaic and wind power plants for the integrated use of solar and wind energy. The results of modeling the dependence of the characteristics of the solar battery and wind power plants on the input parameters are presented. Changes in the output volt-ampere and power parameters depending on environmental conditions are considered. Various programming methods for mathematical modeling of power plants are presented. Methods for optimizing the output characteristics of solar cells by connecting shunt diodes are presented. The operation of solar panels is analyzed on the basis of mathematical modeling of processes. The influence of weather conditions, temperature, and light on the output parameters of solar installations was studied. The advantages of integrated use of solar and wind installations with an energy storage system are also considered. We consider the prediction of wind speeds based on various distribution functions.

The Solar Cell Mathematical Model Simulation and Verification

The output characteristics of solar cell that researched as the target is analysed at different temperatures and light intensity .Combining with the equivalent circuit of solar cell, mathematical model is established .The system is simulated through MATLAB/Simulink and the data is compared with the actual one. The experimental results show that the model can well reproduce the output characteristics curve of solar cell at arbitrary condition and the error between the model and the actual output is decreased because of the series resistance. The system can satisfy the requirements of engineering design, in addition, the system can provides theoretical basis for simulation study of solar power generation system.

The experimental study of a two-stage photovoltaic thermal system based on solar trough concentration

A two-stage photovoltaic thermal system based on solar trough concentration is proposed, in which the metal cavity heating stage is added on the basis of the PV/T stage, and thermal energy with higher temperature is output while electric energy is output. With the 1.8m2 mirror PV/T system, the characteristic parameters of the space solar cell under non-concentrating solar radiation and concentrating solar radiation are respectively tested experimentally, and the solar cell output characteristics at different opening widths of concentrating mirror of the PV/T stage under condensation are also tested experimentally. When the mirror opening width was 57cm, the solar cell efficiency reached maximum value of 5.21%. The experimental platform of the two-stage photovoltaic thermal system was established, with a 1.8m2 mirror PV/T stage and a 15m2 mirror heating stage, or a 1.8m2 mirror PV/T stage and a 30m2 mirror heating stage. The results showed that with single cycle, the long metal cavity heating stage would bring lower thermal efficiency, but temperature rise of the working medium is higher, up to 12.06°C with only single cycle. With 30min closed multiple cycles, the temperature of the working medium in the water tank was 62.8°C, with an increase of 28.7°C, and thermal energy with higher temperature could be output.

Damage Induced by Neutron Radiation on Output Characteristics of Solar Cells, Photodiodes, and Phototransistors

This study investigates the effects of neutron radiation onI-Vcharacteristics (current dependance on voltage) of commercial optoelectronic devices (silicon photodiodes, phototransistors, and solar panels). Current-voltage characteristics of the samples were measured at room temperature before and after irradiation. The diodes were irradiated using Am-Be neutron source with neutron emission of2.7×106 n/s. The results showed a decrease in photocurrent for all samples which could be due to the existence of neutron-induced displacement defects introduced into the semiconductor lattice. The process of annealing has also been observed. A comparative analysis of measurement results has been performed in order to determine the reliability of optoelectronic devices in radiation environments.

Characterization of the nanosized porous structure of black Si solar cells fabricated via a screen printing process

A silicon (Si) surface with a nanosized porous structure was formed via simple wet chemical etching catalyzed by gold (Au) nanoparticles on p-type Cz-Si (100). The average reflectivity from 300 to 1200 nm was less than 1.5%. Black Si solar cells were then fabricated using a conventional production process. The results reflected the output characteristics of the cells fabricated using different etching depths and emitter dopant profiles. Heavier dopants and shallower etching depths should be adopted to optimize the black Si solar cell output characteristics. The efficiency at the optimized etching time and dopant profile was 12.17%. However, surface passivation and electrode contact due to the nanosized porous surface structure are still obstacles to obtaining high conversion efficiency for the black Si solar cells.

Development of sprayed CuInS2thin film absorber for nanostructured solar cell

ABSTRACTCuInS2(CIS) films were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method in air using CuCl2, InCl3and SC(NH2)2as precursor materials. The effect of the absorber growth temperature in the interval of 240-350 °C and precursors’ molar ratio in the spray solution on the CIS film properties and ZnO/In2S3/CIS-type CSP-deposited thin film solar cell output characteristics has been studied. CIS films were characterized by XRD and EDX, solar cells were characterized by IV curves in dark and under illumination, and junction barrier height (Φb). The highest Φbof 1170 meV and open circuit voltage (Voc) of 560 mV were recorded for the cell with CIS absorber grown at 250 °C. Increasing the CIS deposition temperature decreases Φband Voc, makes a component of solar cell photosensitive and increases current density. The precursors’ molar ratio in spray solution becomes relevant at CIS growth temperatures higher than 300 °C as deposition of thiourea-rich solutions suppresses oxide formation in CIS layer and contributes to higher open circuit voltage.

No benefit from microcrystalline silicon N layers in single junction amorphous silicon p-i-n solar cells

The use of phosphorous-doped microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) as the n-type electrode in single junction hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cells has been studied both experimentally and through computer modeling. The aim is to understand why, in spite of a considerable decrease in the activation energy of the n layer—from 0.2 eV in n-a-Si:H to 0.03 eV in n-μc-Si:H—the open-circuit voltage of solar cells fabricated using these two types of n layer remains almost unchanged. Experimental determination of the work function of n-μc-Si:H and n-a-Si:H by the “flatband heterojunction” technique, has revealed that n-μc-Si:H has a higher electron affinity. Thus, in spite of the fact that the difference in activation energy is 0.17 eV, the difference in built-in potential between the two types of cells reduces to about half. Moreover, modeling of the output characteristics of solar cells, having these two types of N layer, indicates a sharp localization of the field at the N/I interface for the cell with a μc-Si:H N layer. As a consequence, the field in the bulk of the intrinsic layer and, hence, the open-circuit voltage for the two types of cell, remain unchanged.

The Influence of Ideality Factor on Fill Factor and Efficiency of Solar Cells

The most important output characteristics of solar cells, fill factor and efficiency strongly depend on fundamental physical properties of semiconductor materials, such as mobility, lifetime of charge carriers, diffusion length, as well as on the type of transport processes in the device. Ideality factor is considered the most direct indicator of the dependence of output characteristics of solar cells on the electrical transport properties of the cell, that is junction. The results obtained by investigating the influence of ideality factor values on the quality of solar cell as photovoltaic generator are presented in this paper. Since fill factor and efficiency are main indicators of solar cell's quality, better understanding of the physical processes leading to their decrease with the increase of the ideality factor is crucial for optimization of the input parameters, and at the same time for obtaining high quality solar cells.

Simulated power source based on output characteristics of solar cell

Numerous studies were performed to evaluate the performance of photovoltaic power systems (PV systems), including maximum power control of the solar cell, effects of the PV systems on distribution feeders, long-term performance of the PV systems, etc. To estimate the performance of PV systems, the output characteristics of the solar cell should be taken into consideration. This paper proposes a new method of the simulated power source (SPS) to analyze the PV system. The SPS is under the control of the 10 cm2 reference solar cell, hence, the output characteristics of the SPS are in proportion not only to the static output characteristics of the reference solar cell, but also the dynamic ones.

Simulated Power Source Based on Output Characteristics of Solar Cell.

Numerous studies were performed so as to evaluate the performance of the photovoltaic power systems (PV systems), included maximum power control of the solar cell, effects of the PV systems on distribution feeders, long-term performance of the PV systems, etc. In order to estimate the performance of the PV systems, the output characteristics of the solar sell should be taken into consideration.In this paper, a new method of the simulated power source (SPS) to analyze the PV system is proposed. The SPS is under the control of the 10cm2 reference solar cell, so the output characteristics of the SPS is in proportion to the output characteristics of the reference solar cell not only static but dynamic.

Solar simulator measurement system for large-area solar cells at standard test conditions

A measurement system for solar cells, which can be used for solar cells with a maximum size of 12 × 12 cm 2 and photocurrents up to 8 A, is described. The measurement facility consists of a commercially available 1000-W solar simulator, a temperature-controlled test chuck, measurement electronics for recording photovoltaic output characteristics of solar cells, and a data acquisition unit. Most emphasis is given to design of measurement electronics, construction of test chuck, beam uniformity and spectral distribution of solar simulator light.

Rapid Characterization of Solar Cell Performances

A new technique of computer-assisted automated measurements and analyses for solar cell output characteristics has been developed. A curve fitting method developed in this work permits the estimation of solar cell parameters such as the saturation current, n value, etc. A quantitative correlation between these parameters and fabrication conditions is discussed. This automated system also enables us to calculate the real photocurrent from the output characteristics and more precise analyses about the solar cell output parameters are discussed.

New equivalent diagram of solar cells (engineering point of view)

The disadvantages of the equivalent diagram of solar cells in use today are analyzed. The experiments include measurements of solar cell output characteristics under normal operation conditions and also under conditions where the solar cells operate under positive and negative overvoltages. An analysis of the experiments has suggested a new equivalent diagram based on a d.c. voltage source which gives a good approximation for the whole output characteristic of a real solar cell under normal and abnormal conditions. Comparison of the experimental data and results of the theoretical and numerical analysis shows that the suggested equivalent diagram of solar cells may be very useful for analysis of processes in large d.c. systems based on solar cells.

Temperature, Illumination Inteisity and Degradation Factor Effects on Solar Cell Output Characteristics

Temperature, Illumination Inteisity and Degradation Factor Effects on Solar Cell Output Characteristics