Outdated Structure Research Articles

Цифровизация преподавательской деятельности: роль искусственного интеллекта в высшей школе

Digitalization of education is one of the key processes of transformation of modern society, which allows to upgrade the outdated structure of education and introduce new technologies that can improve the quality of the final result and make education more accessible. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in the academic process of higher education helps to simplify and systematize the learning process. Thanks to AI, educational programs become more personalized and the process of analyzing and predicting learning is facilitated. The article investigates the role and impact of AI on teaching activity in higher education institutions in the context of digitalization of education, as well as identifies the positive and negative aspects associated with the introduction of AI in the educational process of higher education. The results of the study showed that it is necessary to conduct intensive retraining of university teaching staff aimed at their mastery of AI. Additionally, the training of students in pedagogical fields should be based on their advanced mastery of modern digital educational technologies, including those related to AI.

THE NEED AND WAYS TO UPDATE THE MODERN INTERNATIONAL ORDER

The purpose of this study is to consider the problems of the modern international order that impede its effective functioning. The article focuses on a critical assessment of the modern international order, the consequences of its failures and ways to eliminate them. The modern international order is a well-designed decentralized system of multilateral governance that generally reinforces the norms of equality and non-discrimination. But in practice, this mechanism often fails. The reasons for its failures are the lack of effective mechanisms for neutralizing wars, the absence of uniform rules, the outdated structure of the UN Security Council, and the unequal right of veto among its members. This is evidenced by the ongoing local military conflicts in the world. The article substantiates the need and suggests ways to update the international order that ensures sustainable peace and security for all countries of the world. In addition, issues of calculating repatriations for damage caused by the annexation and occupation of the territory of another country are considered.

Challenges and opportunities in IT transformation of public service delivery: case of India Post

PurposeLegacy organizations, particularly government departments, have always remained focused on technology acquisition at a low cost. However, they must balance their quest for better financial performance with a commitment to social obligations and inclusiveness. This study aims to analyze the issues faced by a public sector department, India Post, in its digitization process.Design/methodology/approachThis study takes a case-based approach to analyze India Post’s digitization journey through the theoretical prism of the technology, organization and environment framework.FindingsThe organization’s ability to benefit from innovative technology is constrained by its outdated structure and business processes. The other constraints include the limited technological know-how within the organization and the lack of intricate organizational process knowledge of today’s vendors.Practical implicationsThis study portends important implications for policymakers and provides a base for several inquiries for future research. This study attempted to identify the facilitators and inhibitors of digitization initiatives of a legacy government organization with extensive outreach in rural economy which policymakers can consider while rolling out digitization initiatives for public sector organizations.Originality/valueThere are very few studies available as published literature which examined the digitization journey of a legacy government organization in a developing economy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there was no published literature available on India Post’s digital transformation process.

STRATEGIC IMPERATIVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EUROPEAN GREEN COURSE

Purpose. The aim of the article is to generalize the trends in the development of agro-industrial production and to substantiate the strategic imperatives of the implementation of the European green course policy by economic subjects of the agrarian sphere. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is: system analysis to assess the state and identify the endogenous potential for the development of agro-industrial production on the basis of the green course; structural analysis – for identification of institutional and evolutionary limitations of innovative modernization of agricultural production and activation of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises; evolutionary approach – for summarizing the trends of global development and prospects for the formation of a green economy. Findings. It was emphasized that during the times of favourable price conditions, agricultural producers failed to change the trend of development, and the desire to expand the export potential was manifested in its raw material focus. It was established that, considering the structure of crop rotations and the structure of marketable products directed to the global market, the export agro-food specialization of agriculture is raw and narrow-ranged. It is argued that the involvement of agricultural enterprises in the implementation of the principles of the green course will contribute to: reducing environmental and climatic negative manifestations; sustainability of the national food system and agro-industrial production; standardization and unification of sustainability indicators of agro-food products; implementation of the requirements of the green course into domestic agricultural policy and practice; implementation of structural changes in agro-industrial production; introduction of new approaches to financing state programs and supporting farmers from the standpoint of compliance with environmental requirements. Originality. It is substantiated that the post-war recovery of the agrarian sphere and its further development cannot be based on the outdated structure and raw material orientation of export. Modernization changes and a new strategy for the development of agro-industrial production require taking into account exogenous and endogenous factors that oppose progressive changes and the existing bifurcation state of the agrarian sphere, taking into account the limitations and effective institutional influences, forms prospects for the recovery and development of the industry in a qualitatively different state. It was emphasized that in order to implement the principles of the European Green Course, it is important to adapt the trends of global agro-food specialization according to such components as: diversification of agricultural products; growth of the share of products with higher added value; integration into production processes with advanced processing; involvement in closed production cycles; expansion of biofuel production. Practical value. The theoretical and methodological provisions of the study generalize and deepen the conceptual and practical aspects of the implementation of the European green course policy. Key words: agro-industrial production, agro-innovation, green course, green economy, agricultural enterprises, strategy, innovative development, modernization, transformation.

ANALYSIS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF DESIGNED BUILDINGS

In this article, the research is conducted with a purpose to assess energy efficiency of engineering systems. The main role of ALDREN-EPC certificate is described here, which is to determine the indicator of smart readiness of a building and the procedure for its evaluation. Also, the article recommends a tool to improve the effectiveness of SRI. The requirements and prospects of the EPBD ecosystem are outlined as well. Moreover, main causes of project degradation companies are investigated. Such as the lack of specialists of the proper level, the outdated structure of the project organization, as well as the lack of an understandable regulatory framework and training materials.

Is Tax Administration "Ectopic"? Assessment, Interpretation, Adjudication and Application: The Roles of the Commissioner of Inland Revenue

John Prebble described the dislocation of the premises of tax law from their underlying facts as an example of "ectopia". This article suggests that the same phenomenon may apply to tax administration and the tax system more generally. The Commissioner's dual roles of adjudication and administration are not only difficult to elucidate from the unwieldy and outdated structure of the Tax Administration Act. More importantly, they exhibit a (perhaps irreconcilable) tension between two competing goals. On the one hand, the Commissioner has a duty to arrive at a correct interpretation of tax law and its application of the facts. On the other, the Commissioner is required to exercise a political function, prioritising expenditure and ensuring efficient outcomes. Both goals ultimately lead to functions properly carried out by the courts – statutory interpretation and application; and review of administrative processes of decision-making. However, the way the Commissioner exercises these powers is divorced from the way the courts resolve similar questions – a problem which is exemplified when considering the Commissioner's power to amend a taxpayer's assessment of income to ensure its "correctness". There is therefore a risk that the interpretive community surrounding the tax system is increasingly becoming divorced from the rest of the common law and vulnerable to capture by its own self-referring frames of reference.

The employment model and labor policy in Russia

The paper examines the characteristics of employment policy in Russia in the context of economic crisis. It is shown that stability of employment and relatively low unemployment level in Russia were achieved due to low wages, the conservation of an outdated technological structure, and the low rate of renewal of labour resources. The necessity of transition to a new employment model that combines efficient labour with an up-to-date system of unemployment insurance is substantiated. Particular attention is given to the policy of retraining and job search assistance carried out by employment services. It is argued that, to combat unemployment, a shift of employment policy focus is required from passive to active measures, such as retraining and employment programs.

CRW 13 – the new generation radio altimeter: the concept, design, and tests

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to outline a novel concept of radio altimeter CRW-13 that has been designed and developed in the Lukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Aviation as a result of the need to update the outdated structure of RWL-750M.Design/methodology/approachThe new design of the device consists of integral antennas and signal processor for smart digital signal filtering.FindingsAs a result of a number of laboratory tests and flight tests of the device installed on MP-02 “Czajka” ultralight aircraft promising results were achieved. They allow to move on to the next stage of implementation and preparation for the device certification.Practical implicationsThe CRW-13 meets with great interest of civilian and military potential customers. It is an ideal solution for airplanes, helicopters, unmanned and guided missiles. The universal design enables installation on many different platforms where exact height measurement is needed and crucial.Originality/valueAt the origin of the new concept was the need to replace the separate transmitting and receiving antennas with one unit comprising two planar microstrip antennas placed directly next to each other on a common plate block in the transceiver. This solution eliminates thick antenna cables and coaxial connectors, which are the most unreliable and problematic elements of radio altimeters. The new concept of integral antennas and the use of signal processors for smart digital signal filtration made it possible to take the technology to the next level.

ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN TRADE IN HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION OF UKRAINE UNDER THE ASSOCIATION WITH THE EU

Purpose – the purpose of article should assess the main factors affecting the development of trade in high-tech products of Ukraine in the context of association with the EU and the spread of a new industrial revolution. Research methodology – the scheme of research of trade of high-tech products of Ukraine from the EU on the basis of qualitative and quantitative economic-statistical analysis, analysis of comparative advantages and correlation-regression analysis. Findings – the results of the analysis show that the main factors determining the low presence of Ukraine in the world market of high-tech products are the outdated structure of production, a low level of R&D costs, and a decrease in the innovative activity of Ukrainian enterprises. The article presents the author’s recommendations on improving the effectiveness of foreign trade in high-tech products of Ukraine in the EU market. Research limitations – the absence of a state development strategy for the production of hightech products does not make it possible to accurately determine indicators of scientific research of the potential of Ukraine. Practical implications – correlation-regression analysis results can be used in the private and state sectors of the economy of Ukraine. Originality/Value – the original combination of schemes and methods allowed us to identify new critical places for export development in the context of the association of Ukraine with the EU.

Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

The state of regional medicine and prospects for the development of medical tourism in the far Eastern Federal district

Based on the socio-economic assessment of the development prospects of the Russian Far East, the analysis of information on the state of the health care system from the perspective of medical tourism development has been carried out. The region with its great advantages over other Russian provinces, is underestimated by the governing elites as a driver of potential growth of the state's economy. Disorganization of management and outdated structure of regional medicine, unacceptable level of availability and quality of medical services to the population slows down the development of inbound medical tourism in the region in the coming years.

„Duszpasterskie nawrócenie” prezbiterów drogą do odnowy duszpasterstwa parafialnego

The parish is the basic community of the Church. The life of the local Church depends to a large extent on it. The contemporary teaching of the Church attributes great importance to the parish and states that it is not an outdated structure. At the same time, he points to the constant need to renew the parish. This is done to a large extent by the renewal of the parish care. Since the main responsibility for this care rests with the priests and especially at the parish priest, the effectiveness of this renewal depends largely on them. This article shows the need for the pastoral conversion of presbyters as a necessary condition for the effective renewal of the parish work.

A low-latency computing framework for time-evolving graphs

The demand to deliver fast responses in processing time-evolving graphs is higher than ever before in a large number of big data applications. This problem promotes extensive uses of an incremental computing model, which executes the underlying graph algorithm on the newly updated graph structure by taking the results of the computation on the outdated graph structure as initial values, in distributed time-evolving graph computing systems. In this paper, we experimentally study how the initial values of the computation on a newly updated graph structure influence the convergence of the iterative graph analysis, and we develop an optimization framework on the basis of the incremental computing model to accelerate the convergence of processing time-evolving graphs thus achieving high performance for time-evolving graph analysis. In contrast to the traditional incremental computing model, which uses the results of the computation on the outdated graph structure directly, the proposed framework predicts the optimal initial values of the computation on the new graph structure and thereby reduces the number of iterations. Two different prediction approaches are designed to optimize the initial values based on a combination of the results of the computation on the previous graph data and the newly incoming graph data. We have evaluated our optimization framework using the graph algorithms PageRank and KMeans on Amazon EC2 clusters. The experiments demonstrate that the incremental computing implementation with the initial value prediction have reduced the number of iterations by 30% for the PageRank algorithm and 13.7% for the KMeans algorithm, and reduced the response time by 12.7% and 10.6% accordingly compared to the traditional incremental computing model.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITY OF RUSSIAN REGIONS: THE NATURE AND SEARCH OF WAYS OF OVERCOMING

SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITY OF RUSSIAN REGIONS: THE NATURE AND SEARCH OF WAYS OF OVERCOMING

Leading learning organizations through transformational change

Purpose – There are two conditions that threaten to derail the American education system as we know it: the poor state of the US economy in America and the less than effective structure of the American education system. Researchers and practitioners are searching to identify tools and strategies that can help to restore confidence in the soundness of the US education system. One such strategy is blended learning delivery formats. The purpose of this paper is to examine implications of and recommend blended learning strategies. Design/methodology/approach – This writing presents a description of the problem, an abridged review of related literature, a discussion of the possibilities for blended learning in academic organizations, and the associated transformational change implications. It is presented as a decision-making tool for administrators to consider including blended learning formats in their strategies to address the effects of the questionable outlook of the US economy and the outdated structure of the US education system. Findings – The writing concludes with recommendations for leading the change to blended learning formats in learning organizations. Originality/value – The information in the paper is presented as a decision-making tool for educational administrators in considering blended learning strategies for their organizations.

Agricultural tax fiscal efficiency in Poland

The article is aimed at the verification of research hypothesis according to which the current construction of agricultural tax in Poland is inefficient in terms of taxation. It has been possible thanks to the analysis of fiscal efficiency of this tax. Therefore, it focuses on the tax revenue as well as the tax assessment and collection related costs. In order to accomplish the aim it was necessary to define the idea of agricultural tax fiscal efficiency and to indicate its determinants. The discussion, due to the specific nature of agricultural tax, is based primarily on the Polish literature. In order to verify the formulated hypothesis, the descriptive analysis method was applied, the literature research conducted and the Act on Agricultural Tax analysed. The content of the article indicates that the present Polish system is contrary to the current solutions in the majority of EU countries. It is being implemented on the basis of an outdated structure of property tax. And agricultural tax performs a limited income function. In this connection, its fiscal efficiency is low.

Why the AVMA's Council on Education should be an independent entity.

Views: Commentary 599 F the past four years, I have opposed continued recognition of the AVMA’s Council on Education (COE) by the US Department of Education as the accreditation authority for colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States, provoking the ire of several colleagues and friends. I have taken this position even though I know and deeply respect the past four COE chairs, believe that they and other members of the COE have acted with the best of intentions, and value the service that they have provided through the voluntary commitment of their time and efforts to veterinary education. Nonetheless, I am convinced that an independent accrediting body is needed, given the obvious real and apparent conflicts of interest that are undermining confidence in the leadership and decisions of the COE. In my view, although the existing COE has served the profession well for many decades, current political, economic, and academic realities place its outdated and conflicted governance structure under too much pressure to be effective, and it is time for a better system. Obvious real and apparent conflicts of interest held by the AVMA, which has oversight over the COE, unduly influence the establishment and execution of the standards of accreditation and thus necessitate separation. The AVMA benefits from funds made available to it by entities whose interests would be served by either weakening or enhancing accreditation standards. For example, veterinary service corporations that cosponsor AVMA programs benefit from a greater availability of veterinarians for employment, employ lobbyists who advise clients on the establishment of new veterinary schools seeking accreditation, and support these schools once established through clinical alliances. Conversely, the interests of individual or groups of veterinarians, on whom the AVMA depends for dues and elected leadership, are served by restricting the number of new graduates providing competing services. The financial and personal ties that exist between these entities and the AVMA represent conflicting interests that compromise confidence in the COE’s ability to make unbiased accreditation decisions. The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), which has recently partnered with the AVMA in the selection of COE members and will soon likely share costs and staffing responsibilities, has its own set of Why the AVMA’s Council on Education should be an independent entity

The Application of Rogowski Coil in Power System

The traditional current transformer measurement device cannot meet the requirements of the rapid development in the current power system because of the outdated structure while the Rogowski coil has significant advantages. This article introduces some applications of Rogowski coil in power system. Now the research and application of Rogowski coil current transformer has become one of the most important research directions. Rogowski coil today has been widely used in electric power system.

Bleak horizon: a survey on new books on higher education

PurposeThe article seeks to provide an overview of 55 recent books (2009‐2011) on higher education, with special emphasis on the authoritative overview edited Altbach et al., American Higher Education in the Twenty‐First Century (Johns Hopkins, 3rd Edition, June 2011, 511 pp.).Design/methodology/approachBooks are grouped in nine categories: Global trends, Losing autonomy, Faculty, Students, Finance, Digitization, Curriculum, Diversity, and Moving forward. A concluding Coda discusses an important new paradigm of four types of scholarship, proposed in the seminal 1990 report on Scholarship Reconsidered, and the two types of scholarship that continue to be badly lacking in the academy, to the detriment of the world, the nation, and higher education itself.FindingsAmerican higher education is undergoing many changes and stresses, and all of the books considered here point to a “bleak horizon” in various ways, in part caused by the outdated structure of higher education. Altbach issues a timely call for a new “sense of academic mission,” which is discussed in the Coda.Originality/valueThis uniquely broad and up‐to‐date “frontier frame” overview, enabled by the GlobalForesightBooks.org web site on current affairs books, emphases the many perspectives on higher education, provides a broad frame to appreciate current thinking, and encourages more synthesis that seriously addresses the “Knowledge for What?” question.

Cyclohexane: Boat Form Revisited

Organic chemistry textbooks often cite an outdated structure for the boat conformer of cyclohexane that is based on ideal bond angles and distances. Density functional computations carried out at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level on this conformer show that the structure is more open than previously supposed, with a flagpole H-H distance of 2.35 A. As a consequence, the high energy of this transition state is better attributed to the eclipsed butane torsion interactions and flagpole C-C nonbonded interactions.