Osteoarthritis Of Knee Joint Research Articles

EFFICACY OF ERANDAMOOLADI BASTI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF JANU SANDHIGATAVATA VIS-A-VIS OSTEOARTHRITIS OF KNEE JOINT – AN OBSERVATIONAL CLINICAL STUDY

Janu Sandhigata vata is one such Vatavyadhi presenting with Sandhi shula, Sandhi shotha, Sandhi atopa and Prasarana Akunchana Vedana, resulting in limited range of movements, there by restricting daily activities of the individual. Janu Sandhigatavata is commonly identified with Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint characterized by pain, swelling & impaired movements. The prevalence of Osteoarthritis rises progressively with age and it has been estimated that that 45% of all people develop Knee Osteoarthritis in life. Osteoarthritis is more common in women than men. The existent line of treatment in contemporary field of medicine includes the administration of analgesics, NSAIDS, Intra articular steroids and surgical intervention in the form of Knee replacement, which all has their own limitation and meanwhile may have deleterious adverse effect. In this regard, there is a need for exploring the safe, effective and affordable line of treatment. Basti karma is a supreme treatment for Vata Vyadhi and also known as Ardha Chikitsa because of its multifaceted actions. Many Basti formulations are mentioned in classics among which Erandamooladi Bati was selected for the study because its dual action, does Vataghna and also relives Kapha Avarana. The results were statistically highly significant within the group.

Quantitative imaging of bone remodeling in patients with a unicompartmental joint unloading knee implant (ATLAS Knee System)\u2014effect of metal artifacts on a SPECT-CT-based quantification

BackgroundSPECT-CT using radiolabeled phosphonates is considered a standard for assessing bone metabolism (e.g., in patients with osteoarthritis of knee joints). However, SPECT can be influenced by metal artifacts in CT caused by endoprostheses affecting attenuation correction. The current study examined the effects of metal artifacts in CT of a specific endoprosthesis design on quantitative hybrid SPECT-CT imaging.The implant was positioned inside a phantom homogenously filled with activity (955 MBq 99mTc). CT imaging was performed for different X-ray tube currents (I = 10, 40, 125 mA) and table pitches (p = 0.562 and 1.375). X-ray tube voltage (U = 120 kVp) and primary collimation (16 × 0.625 mm) were kept constant for all scans. The CT reconstruction was performed with five different reconstruction kernels (slice thickness, 1.25 mm and 3.75 mm, each 512 × 512 matrix). Effects from metal artifacts were analyzed for different CT scans and reconstruction protocols. ROI analysis of CT and SPECT data was performed for two slice positions/volumes representing the typical locations for target structures relative to the prosthesis (e.g., femur and tibia). A reference region (homogenous activity concentration without influence from metal artifacts) was analyzed for comparison.ResultsSignificant effects caused by CT metal artifacts on attenuation-corrected SPECT were observed for the different slice positions, reconstructed slice thicknesses of CT data, and pitch and CT-reconstruction kernels used (all, p < 0.0001). Based on the optimization, a set of three protocols was identified minimizing the effect of CT metal artifacts on SPECT data. Regarding the reference region, the activity concentration in the anatomically correlated volume was underestimated by 8.9–10.1%. A slight inhomogeneity of the reconstructed activity concentration was detected inside the regions with a median up to 0.81% (p < 0.0001). Using an X-ray tube current of 40 mA showed the best result, balancing quantification and CT exposure.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate the need for the evaluation of SPECT-CT protocols in prosthesis imaging. Phantom experiments demonstrated the possibility for quantitative SPECT-CT of bone turnover in a specific prosthesis design. Meanwhile, a systematic bias caused by metal implants on quantitative SPECT data has to be considered.

Effect of High-Intensity Strength Training on Knee Pain and Knee Joint Compressive Forces Among Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis

Thigh muscle weakness is associated with knee discomfort and osteoarthritis disease progression. Little is known about the efficacy of high-intensity strength training in patients with knee osteoarthritis or whether it may worsen knee symptoms. To determine whether high-intensity strength training reduces knee pain and knee joint compressive forces more than low-intensity strength training and more than attention control in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial conducted at a university research center in North Carolina that included 377 community-dwelling adults (≥50 years) with body mass index (BMI) ranging from 20 to 45 and with knee pain and radiographic knee osteoarthritis. Enrollment occurred between July 2012 and February 2016, and follow-up was completed September 2017. Participants were randomized to high-intensity strength training (n = 127), low-intensity strength training (n = 126), or attention control (n = 124). Primary outcomes at the 18-month follow-up were Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) knee pain (0 best-20 worst; minimally clinically important difference [MCID, 2]) and knee joint compressive force, defined as the maximal tibiofemoral contact force exerted along the long axis of the tibia during walking (MCID, unknown). Among 377 randomized participants (mean age, 65 years; 151 women [40%]), 320 (85%) completed the trial. Mean adjusted (sex, baseline BMI, baseline outcome values) WOMAC pain scores at the 18-month follow-up were not statistically significantly different between the high-intensity group and the control group (5.1 vs 4.9; adjusted difference, 0.2; 95% CI, -0.6 to 1.1; P = .61) or between the high-intensity and low-intensity groups (5.1 vs 4.4; adjusted difference, 0.7; 95% CI, -0.1 to 1.6; P = .08). Mean knee joint compressive forces were not statistically significantly different between the high-intensity group and the control group (2453 N vs 2512 N; adjusted difference, -58; 95% CI, -282 to 165 N; P = .61), or between the high-intensity and low-intensity groups (2453 N vs 2475 N; adjusted difference, -21; 95% CI, -235 to 193 N; P = .85). There were 87 nonserious adverse events (high-intensity, 53; low-intensity, 30; control, 4) and 13 serious adverse events unrelated to the study (high-intensity, 5; low-intensity, 3; control, 5). Among patients with knee osteoarthritis, high-intensity strength training compared with low-intensity strength training or an attention control did not significantly reduce knee pain or knee joint compressive forces at 18 months. The findings do not support the use of high-intensity strength training over low-intensity strength training or an attention control in adults with knee osteoarthritis. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01489462.

Clinical application of distal femoral patient-specific cutting guide based on knee CT and full-length X-ray film of lower extremities

To discuss the feasibility and accuracy of distal femoral patient-specific cutting guide in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) based on knee CT and full-length X-ray film of lower extremities. Between July 2016 and February 2017, 20 patients with severe knee joint osteoarthritis planned to undergo primary TKA were selected as the research object. There were 9 males and 11 females; aged 53-84 years, with an average of 69.4 years. The body mass index was 22.1-31.0 kg/m 2, with an average of 24.8 kg/m 2. The preoperative range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint was (103.0±19.4)°, the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 5.4±1.3, and the American Hospital of Special Surgery (HSS) score was 58.1±11.3. Before operation, a three-dimensional model of the knee joint was constructed based on the full-length X-ray film of lower extremities and CT of the knee joint. The distal femoral patient-specific cutting guide was designed and fabricated, and the thickness of the distal femoral osteotomy was determined by digital simulation. The thickness of the internal and external condyle of the distal femur osteotomy before operation and the actual thickness of the intraoperative osteotomy were compared. The intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage loss, and hidden blood loss were recorded. The ROM of knee joint, VAS score, and HSS score at 3 months after operation were recorded to evaluate effectiveness. The position of the coronal and sagittal plane of the distal femoral prosthesis were assessed by comparing the femoral mechanical-anatomical angle (FMAA), anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), mechanical femoral tibial angle (mFTA), distal femoral flexion angle (DFFA), femoral prosthesis flexion angle (FPFA), anatomical lateral femoral component angle (aLFC), and the angle of the femoral component and femoral shaft (α angle) between pre- and post-operation. TKA was successfully completed with the aid of the distal femoral patient-specific cutting guide. There was no significant difference between the thickness of the internal and lateral condyle of the distal femur osteotomy before operation and the actual thickness of the intraoperative osteotomy ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up 3 months. All incisions healed by first intention, and there was no complications such as periarticular infection and deep vein thrombosis. Except for 1 patient who was not treated with tranexamic acid, the intraoperative blood loss of the rest 19 patients ranged from 30 to 150 mL, with an average of 73.2 mL; the postoperative drainage loss ranged from 20 to 500 mL, with an average of 154.5 mL; and the hidden blood loss ranged from 169.2 to 1 400.0 mL, with an average of 643.8 mL. At 3 months after operation, the ROM of the knee was (111.5±11.5)°, and there was no significant difference when compared with the preoperative one ( t=-1.962, P=0.065). The VAS score was 2.4±0.9 and HSS score was 88.2±7.5, showing significant differences when compared with the preoperative ones ( t=7.248, P=0.000; t=-11.442, P=0.000). Compared with the preoperative measurements, there was a significant difference in mFTA ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in aLDFA, FMAA, or DFFA; compared with the preoperative plan, there was no significant difference in FPFA, aLFC, or α angle ( P>0.05). The use of distal femoral patient-specific cutting guide based on knee CT and full-length X-ray film of lower extremity can achieve precise osteotomy, improve coronal and sagittal limb alignment, reduce intraoperative blood loss, and obtain satisfactory short-term effectiveness.

The Efficiency of Conservative Methods of the Treatment at Early Stages of Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of disability in the elder population. OA is a chronic disorder characterized by joint pain and inflammation, increasing physical disability and continuous cartilage degeneration.The changes of lubricating properties of synovial fluid lead to significant pain and loss of function. One of the strategies uses the high molecular weight molecule hyaluronic acid as either an injectable treatment. The injection of hyaluronic acid in the joints, improves the biochemical properties of synovial fluid into osteoarthritis of knee joints. The clinical effect is pain relief and disease modifying activity. Hyaluronic acid is a relatively new treatment that has shown varied results through several clinical trials. It can be used as a scaffold for engineering new treatments and several new preparations have been just added to the markets.

High expression of MAPK-14 promoting the death of chondrocytes is an important signal of osteoarthritis process.

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative diseases worldwide. Many researchers are studying the pathogenesis of OA, however, it is still unclear.MethodsScreening and validation of OA relevant hub genes are an important part of exploring their potential molecular mechanism. Therefore, this study aims to explore and verify the mechanisms of hub genes in the OA by bioinformatics, qPCR, fluorescence and propidium iodide staining.ResultsMicroarray datasets GSE43923, GSE55457 and GSE12021 were collected in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), including 45 samples, which divided into 23 osteoarthritis knee joint samples and 22 samples of normal knee joint. Thereafter, 265 differentiallyexpressedgenes (DEGs) were identified in all, which divided into 199 upregulated genes and 66 downregulated genes. The hub genes MAPK-14, PTPRC, PTPN12 were upregulated, while B9D1 was downregulated. In order to further confirm the expression of screening differential genes in human chondrocytes, the human chondrocytes were extracted from a joint replacement surgery and stained with toluidine blue for identification. Compared with normal chondrocytes, OA chondrocytes had high expression of COL I protein and low expression of COL II protein. The expression levels of MAPK-14, PTPRC and PTPN12 in OA chondrocytes were significantly higher than the expression levels of B9D1 in normal chondrocytes. Moreover, the inflammatory necrosis of OA chondrocytes was increased compared with the normal chondrocytes by propidium iodide staining.ConclusionsThe high expression of MAPK-14 works as a promoter of chondrocytes death and an important signal of the osteoarthritis process.

Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein as a biomarker for predicting development and progression of knee osteoarthritis.

Current modes of diagnosing and monitoring knee osteoarthritis (OA) are based on weight bearing radiographs usually made by the time joint destruction is already established. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a breakdown product of cartilage and its serum levels may be a potential indicator of early destruction in OA. This study aimed to ascertain the usefulness of serum COMP (sCOMP) in diagnosis and monitoring of knee joint OA within the study environment. Ninety consenting adults were recruited. In the control group, 45 subjects having a diagnosis of knee OA had clinical and radiological grading done and blood samples taken for assay of sCOMP using the sandwich ELISA method. Forty-five volunteers with no features of osteoarthritis also had serum collected for sCOMP assay. Values obtained were then cross referenced with demographic indices, clinical and radiological severity grade to assess for relationships. Serum COMP was found to be significantly elevated (p = 0.0001) in the study group. The mean values and standard deviation of sCOMP were 3400 ± 1042.9ng/ml and 2222 ± 605.6ng/ml for the study and control groups, respectively. Higher values of sCOMP were found to be associated with higher clinical and radiological grades of OA. The study demonstrates that sCOMP is significantly higher in patients with knee OA than in those without the disease. Values of sCOMP were also found to increase with severity of knee OA, indicating the possibility of its use as a marker of diagnosis and severity.

Impact of the numbers of injections of platelet rich plasma on the clinical outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A protocol for an updated network meta-analysis.

Background:Two published meta-analyses have investigated the effects of the number of injections of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on clinical outcomes in knee osteoarthritis patients, however conflicting findings were generated.Methods:We will systematically search PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledgement Infrastructure (CNKI) to capture additional eligible studies. After screening citations, extracting essential data, assessing the risk of bias, we will use RevMan software and Open BUGS to perform head-to-head and network meta-analysis of pain alleviation and improvement of joint functionality, respectively.Discussion:Knee joint osteoarthritis (KOA) is the main cause of joint degeneration in elderly, which seriously reduces patients quality of life. Although intra-articular PRP has been extensively prescribed to treat KOA, a definitive conclusion about the appropriate number of injections has not yet been generated in published meta-analyses. The present updated network meta-analysis will comprehensively answer this question.Ethics and dissemination:We will communicate our findings through participating in academic conferences or submiting it to be considered for publication in peer reviewed scholar journal.INPLASY registration number:We registered this protocol in International Plateform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) platform and obtained an identifier of INPLASY2020110043 (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2020-11-0043/).

Does the Prevalence of Ossified Fabella Vary in Knee Osteoarthritis and Age-Related Degeneration? A Meta-Analysis of About 11,000 Knees.

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) and age-related degeneration (ARD) are stimulants for the development of the fabella in the knee joint. This meta-analysis updates previous studies and reviews on the prevalence of the fabella in OA or ARD knee joints. In addition, it provides a quantitative estimation of the fabellar prevalence in knees having OA and ARD.Methodology: Twenty studies containing data from 11,056 knee joints were utilized in the investigation, consisting of 6,819 knees of individuals with OA (including those with age greater than 40 years) and 4,237 knees of individuals without OA (including less than 40 years of age), respectively. Totally, 2,434 knees of the OA subjects had fabellae (including more than 40 years), while in the non-OA subjects, 844 had fabellae (including less than 40years). The odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) were calculated.Results: The fabellar prevalence was observed to be higher in OA knees, where the risk ratio of developing fabella was 2.55 (2.15-3.02). Compared with this, the risk ratio for the incidence of fabella in ARD knee was 1.71 (1.59-1.85). The bilateral occurrence of fabella was more common than unilateral. The risk of developing fabella in individuals aged less than 40-year was 0.59 which was 41% less than individuals aged more than 40 years. The risk ratio of developing fabella in co-exposure of ARD and OA was 1.84 [1.66, 2.04, 95% CI].Conclusion: OA and ARD would increase the prevalence of ossified fabella by 84%, thus acting as stimulants or associations and risk factors for ossified fabella.

Viscosupplementation for the treatment of osteoarthritis. The contribution of EUROVISCO group.

Viscosupplementation (VS) is a symptomatic treatment for knee and other joint osteoarthritis (OA). Despite a long history of use, conflicting opinions remain on the best clinical indications and the most appropriate patients to be treated with intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IA-HA), the optimal dosing regimen and the modalities of retreatment. A multidisciplinary committee of European experts on OA (EUROVISCO) was constituted to formulate recommendations, aimed at helping physicians in the decision-making and the optimal achievement of VS. Before each session members were tasked to collate an exhaustive literature review. Level of evidence and strength of recommendation were based on the level of agreement for each item according to the Delphi method. In 2015, a consensus position was proposed for 24 statements. Among those that obtained a consensual agreement, the working group stressed that VS is effective in mild/moderate knee OA but is not an alternative to surgery in advanced OA, and that dosing regimen must be supported by controlled trials. In 2018, two decision algorithms for the retreatment with IA-HA in knee OA were published. Among the key recommendations, the experts recommended to re-treat every year patients with high risk of OA progression, even if not symptomatic. In 2020, EUROVISCO published two sets of recommendations for the design of clinical trials on the disease-modifying effect of VS and for optimizing the results of VS. The working group underlined that an accurate analysis of radiological features and symptoms and a careful clinical examination may improve the chances of success of VS, as well as good technique of injection and the use of imaging guidance. Based on the exhaustive analysis of the literature and their own clinical experience, the EUROVISCO experts offer a wide range of recommendations intended to help practitioners, particularly in certain cases where the specific characteristics of the patients make the therapeutic decision difficult.

Total knee replacement at Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A single-center experience.

Background:Knee replacement enables the surgical management of end-stage knee joint osteoarthritis. In Saudi Arabia, there has been a recent increase in total joint replacement surgery. However, there is insufficient literature regarding patient outcomes in this region. Here, we assessed characteristics of patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty and their improvements on knee society score, timed up and go test, and 2-min. walk test.Methods:Patients who underwent primary total knee replacement at our tertiary care private hospital in Abha from January 2013 to January 2020 were included. The same orthopedic surgery performed primary cemented cruciate-substituting knee replacement. Knee function was evaluated using the knee society scoring system, timed up and go test, and 2-min. walk test.Results:Out of 420 patients, 350 were females (83.33%) and 70 males (16.67%). The mean age was 69.50 ± 7.48 years (range, 48–90). Most patients had osteoarthritis (84.5%), either degenerative or secondary because of trauma. Knee society functional and knee scores were poor preoperatively (mean, 38.21 ± 9.65; SD, 36.89 ± 8.23) but improved postoperatively (mean, 81.42 ± 12.74; SD, 85.49 ± 11.69; P < 0.001). The timed up and go test significantly changed from 28.51 ± 3.29 s to 18.18 ± 3.17 s (P < 0.001) and 2-min. walk test from 51.83 ± 6.48 m to 85.72 ± 8.92 m (P < 0.001).Conclusion:Despite knee replacement's late acceptance in Saudi Arabia, there have been increased cases in recent years and excellent improvements in knee function. The resulting knee society functional and knee scores, timed up and go tests, and 2-min. walk tests were better or similar to results seen by other researchers worldwide.

Exploration of miRNA Involved in the Expression of MMP-1 in the Synovium of Osteoarthritic Knee Joints

Exploration of miRNA Involved in the Expression of MMP-1 in the Synovium of Osteoarthritic Knee Joints

Combining bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing data to reveal gene expression pattern of chondrocytes in the osteoarthritic knee

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis (OA) occurs mostly in the knees, hips, finger interphalangeal joints, and spinal facet joints, and is characterized by cartilage degeneration. The existing bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq) and single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) data for chondrocytes in the osteoarthritic knee joint provide the expression profiles of entire cell populations and individual cells, respectively. Here, we aimed to analyze these two types of sequencing data in order to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of OA. We compared the analysis results of bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq from the dataset GSE114007 and the dataset GSE104782, respectively, and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, we tried to find the key The transcription factor is a more fomal term (TFs) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) regulation. We highlighted 271 genes that were simultaneously suggested by these two types of data and provided their possible expression pattern in OA. Among the 271 genes, we identified 14 TFs, and TWIST2, MYBL2, RELA, JUN, KLF4, and PTTG1 could be the key TFs for the 271 genes. We also found that 8 lncRNAs among the 271 genes and the lncRNA regulation between CYTOR and NRP1 could contribute to the pain and vascularization of cartilage in the osteoarthritic knee. In short, our research combined the analysis results of bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data for OA chondrocytes, which will contribute to further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of OA pathogenesis.

Migrating Periprosthetic Infection from a Total Hip Replacement to a Contralateral Non Operated Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

Migrating Periprosthetic Infection from a Total Hip Replacement to a Contralateral Non Operated Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

A Histological Study on The Effect of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suspended in Hyaluronic Acid on Articular Cartilage of Osteoarthritic Knee joint of Adult Male Albino Rat

Introduction: Current treatment strategies of osteoarthritis (OA) are restricted to short-term symptomatic relief by medical therapy. There is increasing evidence that bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) represent a novel treatment for cartilage regeneration.Aim of the Work is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of intra-articular injection of BM-MSCs on the experimentally induced OA in the knee joint of adult male albino rat. Materials and Methods: fifty five adult male albino rats were used and divided into five groups. Group I served as a control group. Group II for harvesting BM-MSCs from the tibia and femur. Group III for induction of OA by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) to be sacrificed after 2 weeks from induction. Group IV: Hyaluronic acid (HA) was injected in both normal knees to be examined after 4 and 8 weeks of injection of HA. Group V: Knee joint OA was induced as in group III. After 2 weeks, rats were injected with BM-MSCs suspended in HA (MSCs HA) in their knees. Knee joint specimens were examined after 4 and 8 weeks of MSCs-HA injection. Knee joint specimens were processed for histological study and stained with Hematoxylin and eosin, Mallory trichrome and fast green Safranin O stains. For immunohistochemical study, the number of CD44 positive chondrocytes was evaluated and the obtained morphological data were statistically analyzed. Results: OA knees treated with MSCs-HA showed well evidenced repair of the articular cartilage by hyaline-like cartilage in association with significant increase in the number of CD44 positive chondrocytes. Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of in vitro expanded BM-MSCs suspended in HA promotes articular cartilage repair by hyaline-like cartilage in MIA induced OA.

The Comparison of Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effect of Diclofenac Alone with Combined Treatment with Diclofenac and Serratiopeptidase in Patients having Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint

Oral proteolytic enzymes like serratiopeptidase are very commonly used by clinicians either alone or in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for analgesia and anti-inflammatory purpose. As the activity of these drugs is not proved in trials, and they are not listed in any country's official pharmacopoeia, it was planned to study their effect in osteoarthritis patients. Two groups (n= 30 each) of diagnosed knee osteoarthritis patients, were treated with diclofenac 50 mg twice a day (BID) and serratiopeptidase 10mg three times a day (TID) + Diclofenac 50 mg BID for two weeks. The pain and difficulty in daily activities were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and Mc Masters Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC OA) index scale before and after the treatment. Highly significant improvement in both scales was seen in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the improvements found in both groups. Addition of serratiopeptidase has not potentiated analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of diclofenac. Thus, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of serratiopeptidase are not proved.

RNA Isolation from Articular Cartilage Tissue.

Isolation of high-quality RNA directly from tissues is desirable to obtain precise information of in vivo gene expression profiles in cells embedded within their extracellular matrix (ECM). It is well known that purification of RNA from cartilage tissues is particularly challenging due to low cell (chondrocyte) content and its dense ECM rich in large negatively charged proteoglycans that can copurify with RNA. Older methodologies to purify RNA from cartilage involved the use of concentrated denaturing solutions containing guanidinium isothiocyanate followed by ultracentrifugation in cesium trifluoroacetate. Such ultracentrifugation approaches are rarely used now since the emergence of more user-friendly mini spin column chromatography kits. For this chapter, we tested and compared three methods to isolate RNA from immature murine articular (femoral head) cartilage and found that the combination of TRIzol® reagent and spin column chromatography (Norgen Total RNA Purification Kit) was the best approach to generate higher quality RNA. Here, the average RNA Integrity Number (RIN), as determined by Bioanalyzer technology, was 7.1. We then applied this method to attempt to isolate RNA directly from human articular cartilage harvested from three osteoarthritic (OA) knee joint specimens. As expected, the concentration and quality of RNA obtained differed between samples. However, from one specimen, we were able to isolate approximately 3μg of total RNA (including small noncoding RNAs) from 100mg of human OA cartilage with a RIN=7.9. Despite the patient-to-patient variabilities that are known to exist between cartilage specimens from OA joints, we have demonstrated that it is possible to obtain reasonably high levels of RNA from human OA articular cartilage at a quality suitable for downstream analyses including microarray and RNA-Seq. A detailed description of our preferred RNA purification methodology, which can be used to isolate RNA from human, bovine, or rodent cartilage tissue, is provided in this chapter.

Эффективность и безопасность комбинированной терапии ацеклофенаком и прегабалином хронического болевого синдрома у пациентов с остеоартритом коленных суставов

Эффективность и безопасность комбинированной терапии ацеклофенаком и прегабалином хронического болевого синдрома у пациентов с остеоартритом коленных суставов

Эффективность и безопасность Алфлутопа в лечении больных остеоартритом коленных суставов: многоцентровое открытое рандомизированное клиническое исследование

Эффективность и безопасность Алфлутопа в лечении больных остеоартритом коленных суставов: многоцентровое открытое рандомизированное клиническое исследование

WNT16 is upregulated early in mouse TMJ osteoarthritis and protects fibrochondrocytes against IL-1β induced inflammatory response by regulation of RUNX2/MMP13 cascade.

WNT16 has been shown to play important roles in joint formation, bone homeostasis and knee joint osteoarthritis. However, whether WNT16 has any effect during temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is still unknown. Here, we first established a surgically induced TMJOA model by performing partial discectomy in discs of TMJ in mice. Further, we investigated the role of WNT16 during the initiation and progression of TMJOA. Our results showed that WNT16 expression is upregulated early at 4weeks after initiation of osteoarthritis by partial discectomy in mouse TMJ cartilage, but decreased after 12weeks post-surgery. Further cellular and molecular analyses revealed that WNT16 signals via both the canonical WNT/β-catenin and non-canonical WNT/JNK-cJUN pathways, upregulates the expression of Lubricin and SOX9, and protects against IL-1β induced inflammatory response by regulation of RUNX2/MMP13 cascade in fibrochondrocytes. In conclusion, WNT16 may play an important role in the early stage of TMJOA by regulating cartilage anabolic and catabolic factors, and may serve as novel therapeutic targets for TMJOA.