Orthognathic Bite Research Articles

REGRESSION MODELS OF INDIVIDUAL LINEAR DIMENSIONS NECESSARY FOR CONSTRUCTING THE CORRECT FORM OF DENTAL ARCH IN YOUNG WOMEN WITH A WIDE FACE, DEPENDING ON THE FEATURES OF ODONTOMETRIC AND CEPHALOMETRIC INDICATORS

The purpose of the study: build and analyze the regression models of computed tomographic parameters necessary to determine the correct shape of dental arches, depending on the odontological and cephalometric parameters for girls with normal occlusion close to orthognathic occlusion and a wide type of face.
 Materials and methods: for 20 girls with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite and with a wide face type, in the license package "Statistica 6.0" developed regression models of linear sizes necessary for constructing the correct shape of dental arches, depending on odontometric and cephalometric indicators.
 Results: thus, in girls with normal occlusion close to orthognathic occlusion, having a wide type of face, all 18 possible reliable regression models (with a coefficient of determination from 0.620 to 0.973) of the reproduction of individual computed tomographic characteristics of the dental arches of upper and lower dental jaws depending on odonto- and cephalometric parameters were developed and analyzed.
 Conclusions: the results obtained indicate the need to take into account the type of face when calculating the parameters of dental arches.

THE CONDITION OF SKELETAL SYSTEM IN PUPILS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT

Pathogenic link of dentofacial abnormalities with posture disturbance and vertebra deformation causes interest in researchers, because the problem of the disorder of skeletal system has an important role. Orthodontic correction of dentofacial abnormalities without treatment of skeletal apparatus is incorrect and it leads to the large number of relapses and complications and also including temporo-mandibular joint. The aim of the research was to study correlation between injuries of hard tissues of teeth, posture disorders, bite abnormalities (malocclusion) in schoolchildren with hearing disorders. The condition of hard tissues of teeth, muscoskeletal system, dentofacial system in pupils with hearing impairment was done and evaluated. The age of examined is 6-19 years old, bite formation: 1st – presents the period of mixed bite (6-13 years old), 2nd – presents the period of permanent bite (14-19 years old). Results and conclusions: During dental examination it was detected that 58 pupils with hearing disorders (81,8%) have carious lesions of the teeth, the level of caries intensity contains 3,36. The condition of skeletal system was investigated in 56 pupils (36 boys and 20 girls). Disturbances of skeletal system in schoolchildren with hearing disorders presented 94,74%; 5,26% of pupils were almost healthy. The condition of the bite was examined in 58 pupils (32 boys and 26 girls). Different types of disorders of dentofacial apparatus were detected in 100% of pupils with hearing disorders. The most widespread pathology of bite was Angle’s bite (the first class) 68,97%, the second class – in 27,58%, the third class – 3,45%. Orthognathic bite among pupils with hearing disorders was not observed. In 31,15% of pupils during temporo-mandibular joint, deviation of mandible is observed.

FEATURES OF THE CEPHALOMETRIC PROFILE OF UKRAINIAN YOUTH BY METHODS OF RICKETTS R. M., BURSTONE C. J. AND HARVOLD E. P.


 
 
 In the article, on the basis of the previous metric characteristics of craniofacial structures using methods of Ricketts R. M., Burstone C. J. and Harvold E. P. in Ukrainian young men and women with orthognathic bite, the features of the cephalometric profile of Ukrainian young men and women were analyzed in comparison with the values of analogical indices of the data determined by the authors of these techniques on residents of other populations and ethnic groups. The established features of the cephalometric characteristics of the juvenile Ukrainian population confirm the need for the creation and further study of normative cephalometric data for various ethnic, age and gender groups of the population.
 
 

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT MORPHOLOGY AT ORTHOGNATIC B

The parameters of the temporomandibular joint normal structure make an important piece of knowledge in common dental practice, primarily because it is some kind of a benchmark that allows making correct judgment concerning changes in the temporomandibular joint occurring through various diseases and prosthetic events that entail new ratios not only in the dentition area, yet also in the temporomandibular joint area [1–12]. Aim of study To clarify the patterns of shape and size for the major morphological elements of the temporomandibular joint in case of the orthognathic bite.

Automated Analysis of X-Ray Images of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Orthognathic Bite and Physiological Occlusion

Objective: to propose a procedure for analyzing the X-ray image of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) through the automated calculation of linear and angular measurements from craniometry points in comparison with the reference values.Material and methods. Fifty TMJ cone beam computed tomography images were analyzed in 25 volunteers aged 18-25 years with orthognathic bite and physiological occlusion. All the tomography images were analyzed from craniometric points, by using a section corresponding to the midsagittal plane of the TMJ. Angular and linear measurements characterizing the functional capacities of the TMJ were determined. A statistical analysis involved descriptive methods and was carried out by the IBM SPSS 21 statistics.Results. The introduction of automated estimation of TMJ functional capacities from angular and linear measurements made it possible to obtain the following data: the α-angle was 11.99±2.44° for the right TMJ and 12.12±2.78° for the left one; the β-angle was 11.58±2.31° for the right TMJ and 12.42±2.81° for the left one; the γ-angle was 156.41±4.57° for the right TMJ and 155.46±5.50° for the left one. A descriptive statistics checking revealed no gross errors.Conclusion. It is expedient to take into account the findings as reference values to characterize the anatomical and functional state of the TMJ on the x-ray image.

Determination of standard cephalometric parameters using the Downs method for Ukrainian adolescents

The difference in the characteristics of craniofacial structures in different races and ethnicities established in many studies requires the creation of a normative basis for teleroentgenographic indices and indices characteristic for a particular ethnic group. The purpose of the work is to set the cephalometric parameters by W. Downs for young men and women from Podillya region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite and compare the results with the data proposed by the author of the technique. With the device Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with orthognathic bite (normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite) received and analyzed lateral teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed in accordance with the recommendations of W. Downs (1948). Anatomical points were determined taking into account recommendations A.E. Athanasiou (1997), S.I. Doroshenko and Y.A. Kulginsky (2007). The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0” using nonparametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. As a result of the research, virtually no sex differences in cephalometric parameters by W. Downs between adolescents from Podillya with orthognathic bite were found. When comparing the cephalometric parameters obtained by W. Downs from similar figures obtained in Ukrainian young men and women with orthognathic bite, regardless of gender, established significantly lower values of Cant Occlusal Plane (angle POr-DOP) and angle II, as well as significantly higher values were established for angle 1l-DOP, angle 1l-MeGo and distance 1u-APog in Ukrainian young men and women of Podillya. The obtained results indicate the need to create a normative base for cephalometric standards by W. Downs for the population of different regions of Ukraine, taking into account gender and age belonging.

Cephalometric studies of Ukrainian adolescents with orthognathic bite by the method of E.P. Harvold

According to many numerical literary sources, the modern direction of provision of dental care involves an individual approach to the patient, in particular, based on his gender, age and nationality. This calls for the creation of its own regulatory bases for the population of different countries and ethnic groups, taking into account all possible criteria. The purpose of the study is to establish and analyze the cephalometric parameters by the method of E.P. Harvold in young men and women of Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite. Primary lateral teleroentgenograms of 38 young men and 55 women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite, obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), were taken from the data bank of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of E.P. Harvold. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the license package "Statistica 6.0" using nonparametric methods of estimating the results. When comparing teleroentgenographic indices between boys and girls of the Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic occlusion, significantly higher values of the length of the upper and lower jaw, lower facial height and interjaw differences in young men were established, and Ap1uAp1l-DOP angle was significantly higher in young women. When comparing these data with the results obtained by E.P. Harvold, the boys and girls of the Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite have significantly lower values of the length of the upper and lower jaw and lower facial height. In addition, Ukrainian young women have significantly higher values of the Ap1uAp1l-DOP angle and a tendency to lower interjaw differences, while in young men, the tendency towards higher values of the cross-sectional angle than the value of these parameters obtained by E. Harvold is established. The results of the study confirm the need to create a normative basis for teleroentgenographic indices by the method of E.P. Harvold for the population of different regions of Ukraine, taking into account both sexual and age affiliation.

Determination of individual linear and angular characteristics of the position of upper central incisors in Ukrainian young men and women with orthognathic bite

Taking into account the importance of determining the teleroentgenographic indicators of the spatial position of central incisors, arises a scientific and clinical interest in conducting such studies. The purpose of the study is to develop mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of upper central incisors in young men and women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite by studying the cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis. With the help of Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) 38 young men (aged 17 to 21 years) and 55 young women (aged 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of A.M. Schwarz, J. McNamara, W.B. Downs, R.A. Holdway, P.F. Schmuth, C.C. Steiner and C.H. Tweed. In the licensed statistical package “Statistica 6.0”, using the direct stepwise regression analysis, the following teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the upper central incisors were performed: distance 1u_APog, distance 1u_Avert, distance 1u_NA, angle Max1_NA, angle Max1_SN and angle Max1_SpP. In young men and women with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced face, reliable regression models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of upper central incisors with a determination coefficient of greater than 0.50 have been developed, depending on the peculiarities of the metric characteristics of the craniofacial complex: in young men of 6 possible models, have been constructed 5 with coefficients of determination R2 from 0.672 to 0.928, and for young women – all 6 possible models with determination coefficient R2 from 0.508 to 0.663. In the analysis of models with a determination coefficient higher than 0.50, it was found that in young men most often the regression equations include - the angle AB_NPOG (12.0%); distance COND_GN, inclination angle I, MAX maxillary length, Se_N distance, Nap angle, NBa-PtGn angle, SND angle and Wits indicator (by 8.0%). In young women most often models include – the angle AB_NPOG and the Wits indicator (by 15.4%); angle N_POG (11.5%); the angle Gl’SnPog’ and the distance LPALAT (by 7.7%).

Determination of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognatic bite

To date, there are no clear recommendations on the use of a particular indicator, cephalometric method, normative basis for the inhabitants of Ukraine when assessing the cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane. The purpose of the study - by studying cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis - develop in young men and women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane. In 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces, lateral teleroentgenograms were obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan). Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of W. B. Downs, J. McNamara, R. A. Holdway, P. F. Schmuth, A. M. Schwarz, C. C. Steiner and C. H. Tweed. In the licensed statistical package "Statistica 6.0", using regression analysis, the following teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane were simulated: the angle YGOCLPl, the angle POR_DOP, the angle POR_OCP, and the SN_OSP angle. It was established that in both young men and women, all four possible models with a determination coefficient from 0.808 to 0.998 in young men and from 0.832 to 0.974 in young women were constructed. In the analysis of models of teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the occlusal plane, depending on the peculiarities of the metric characteristics of the craniofacial complex, it was found that in young men the most frequent regression equations include - the Wits indicator (21.1% for all four equations), the angle AB_NPOG (15.8%) and the distance PN_POG (10.5%). In young women, most often the regression equations include - Wits indicator (17.4% - also to all 4 equations); angle AB_NPOG, distance AFH, angle MM and angle SN_GoGn (by 8.7%). So, using the method of stepwise regression, among Ukrainians of juvenile, based on the features of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual cephalometric characteristics of the occlusal plane were created.

Regression models of individual cephalometric indicators used in the method of E.P. Harvold

Many scientific studies have shown the superiority of the Harvold method when performing linear measurements for both the upper and lower jaw. The purpose of the work is to construct and analyze the regression models of teleroentgenographic indices used in the method of E.P. Harvold young men and women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face. The analysis of lateral teleroentgenograms of 38 young men (aged from 17 to 21) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face, obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), was performed according to the techniques of R.M. Ricketts, C.J. Burstone, E.P. Harvold. In the course of the study, all the indicators of the above methods, were divided into three groups: 1 – metric characteristics of the skull, which usually do not change during surgical and orthodontic treatment; 2 – indicators of the tooth-jaw system that allow people with already formed bone skeleton to change the width, length, angles and position of the bones of the upper and lower jaws; 3 – indicators that characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, to the bony cranial structures and face profile. In the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models were constructed for the following parameters included in the second group, depending on the parameters of the first group: ANS-Сond (maxillary length in the Harvold method described as TM-ANS), Pog-Cond (mandibular length in the E.P. Harvold method is indicated as TM-PGN), Max-Mand – (difference in jaw lengths); as well as the index included in the third group, depending on the indicators of the first and second groups – Ap1uAp1l-DOP (angle Ap1uAp1l-DOP). In the young men, all three possible reliable models of teleroentgenographic parameters were constructed using the E.P. Harvold method, which were included in the second group, depending on the indicators of the first group (R2 = from 0.616 to 0.940), and in young women only the length of the upper and lower jaws (R2=0.857 and 0.792). In both young men and women, all models of the second group of models built according to the indicators of the first group included the distance P-PTV. Up to two models for young men and one model for young women included the distance Pt-N. Also, one model for young men and women included the angle of the cranial tilt (POr-NBa). Only young women have models for the front length of the skull base (N-CC). As for young men and women, we also built a reliable model of the third group indicator, depending on the indicators of the first and second groups (the angle Ap1uAp1l-DOP) (respectively, R2=0.626 and R2=0.584). And in young men and women, the size of the distance A-B is included to the constructed regression equations. In addition, in young men, the regression equation includes the value of the distance P-PTV; while in young women - the angles of the ANS-Xi-PM, MeGo-NPog and N-CF-A, as well as the difference in jaw lengths Max-Mand.

Determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the lower medial incisors position in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic bite

Ethnic, sexual and age features of the incisors positions point to the need for the development of techniques that allow to determine their individual characteristics, since commonly accepted standards recommended for optimal positioning of incisors can only be used as indicative. The purpose of the study – by studying teleroentgenographic indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis in young men and young women of Ukraine with orthognathic bite, to develop and analyze the mathematical models of individual characteristics of the position of the lower medial incisors. With the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) in 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusion close to orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph3TM software. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to the recommendations of A.M. Schwarz, J. McNamara, W.B. Downs, R.A. Holdway, P.F. Schmuth, C.C. Steiner and C.H. Tweed. According to the above methods, in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0” using direct straight line regression analysis, the teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the lower medial incisors (distance 1l_NB, distance 1l_APog, angle 1l_DOP, IMPA angle, Mand1_NB angle, FMIA angle and Mand1_MeIm angle) were performed. In young men with orthognathic bite of 7 possible models of teleroentgenographic characteristics of the lower medial incisors, 5 were constructed with determination coefficient R2 from 0.694 to 0.849, and in young women, all 7 possible models with determination coefficient R2 from 0.595 to 0.794. In young men most often the regression equations included - the angle ANB and facial vertical index GL_SN_S (by 11.5%); lower face height ANS_ME, face angle NBA_PTGN and distance S_E (by 7.7%). In young women most often the regression equations included – the angle of N_POG (16.7%); Wits indicator (13.9%); inclination angle I (8.3%); H-angle, maxillo-mandibular angle MM and angle of facial axis NBA_PTGN (by 5.6%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of stepwise regression with inclusion, among Ukrainians of juvenile age, on the basis of features teleroentgenographic indicators, the analysis of reliable models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the position of the lower medial incisors was developed and carried out.

Determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the face profile in ukrainian young men and girls with orthognathic bite

Modern dentistry requires the definition of individualized values of teleroentgenographic indicators. To solve such problems, methods of regression and correlation analysis are increasingly used, which help to establish not only the existence of various relationships between the anatomical structures of the head and the parameters of the dento-jaw system, but also allow more accurately predict the change in the contour of soft facial tissue in response to orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the study is to develop mathematical models for the determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the facial soft tissues by studying the cephalometric indices of young men and women of Ukraine with normal occlusion and balanced faces and conducting a direct stepwise regression analysis. With the use of Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) from 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusal close to the orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. The cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ licensed software. Cephalometric points and measurements were made according to the recommendations of Downs W. B., Holdway R. A., McNamara J., Schwarz A. M., Schmuth G. P. F., Steiner C. C. and Tweed C. H. With the help of direct stepwise regression analysis, in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were constructed. In young men with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite of 19 possible models, 11 were constructed with a determination coefficient from 0.638 to 0.930, and in young women – 12 models with a determination coefficient from 0.541 to 0.927. The conducted analysis of models showed that in young men most often the regression equations included – angle N_POG, parameters of which indicate a linear interjaw relation in the anterior-posterior direction (14.0%); angle GL_SNPOG, or index of convexity of the soft tissue profile (8.8%); MAX maxillary length (7.0%), and GL_SN_S index, which defines vertical correlations in the facial profile (5.3%). The young women most often models included – the angle N_POG (12.5%); angle GL_SNPOG (7.5%); soft tissue front angle P_OR_N (6.25%); the reference angle ML_NL and the profile angle T (by 5.0%); the angle AB_NPOG, the angle NBA_PTGN, which defines the direction of development of the mandible and the distance PN_A (3.75%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of stepwise regression with inclusion, among Ukrainians of adolescence age, based on the characteristics of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were developed and analyzed.

Regression models of individual cephalometric indicators used in the method of R. M. Ricketts

It is proved that in the analysis of lateral teleroentgenograms according to different methods distances and angles have their normative indices which differ for persons of different ethnic, gender and age belongings. Therefore, for a full use in the orthodontics R.M. Ricketts method, similar studies are needed in Ukraine. The purpose of the work – in young men and women with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite and harmonious face construct and analyze the regression models of teleroentgenographic indicators used in the method of R. M. Ricketts. Primary lateral teleroentgenograms of 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face, obtained from the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), taken from the bank data of research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of R. M. Ricketts. All indicators were divided into three groups: 1 - metric characteristics of the skull, which usually do not change during surgical and orthodontic treatment; 2 – tooth-jaw indicators, the definition of which most often guided by performing orthodontic manipulations of patients in children and adolescents, as well as those with already formed bone skeleton when orthodontic surgery can change the width, length, angles and position of the bones of the upper and lower jaws; 3 - indicators that characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, to the bony cranial structures and face profile. The regression models of individual teleroentgenographic indicators used in the R.M. Ricketts methodology are constructed using the “Statistica 6.0” licensing package. Constructed all 2 reliable models of the indicators included in the second group (distance Go-CF and Xi-Pm), depending on the indicators of the first group (in young men R2 = 0.884 and 0.928, and in young women - 0.735 and 0.719); as well as in young men, 7 out of 8 possible reliable models (R2 = from 0.568 to 0.887) of the indicators included in the third group (the magnitude of the distances 6u-6l, Overjet, Overbite, 6u-PTV, 1l-APog, 1u-APog and Xi-OcP ) depending on the indicators of the first and second groups; and only 5 models for young women (6u-PTV, 1l-APog, 1u-APog and Xi-OcP distances, and the magnitude of the Max1-APog angle). In the analysis of entering into the regression models of the relevant predictors, it was found that in young men, among the teleroentgenographic indicators of the first group included in the two models of the second group, is the distance P-PTV, and in young women the front length of the base of the skull N-CC and the back of the skull base Ar- Pt It was also found that among young men among the teleroentgenographic indicators of the first and second groups, which were included in the models of the third group, the most frequent is the value of the distance B-Pog (11.1%); while in young women - distance B-Pog (15.6%) and an angle DC-Xi-PM (9.4%).

Determination of individual angular characteristics of the teeth positions according to the computer tomography in Ukrainian adolescents with orthognathic bite

The lack of the ability to determine the individual standard angle characteristics of the position of the teeth and the technical provision of their control often does not lead to the expected result and in each case requires individualization, the vision of which is based, as a rule, on the experience and intuition of the doctor. In order to solve such a situation, in addition to improving the positioning protocols of the non-removable equipment, the physician should be able to clearly identify the individual angular characteristics of the tooth-jaw system. The purpose of the study – by studying computer tomography and cephalometric indices and conducting direct stepwise regression analysis to develop in Ukrainian adolescents with orthognathic bite mathematical models of individual angular positions of teeth. Using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) at 38 young men (aged from 17 to 21) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite received and analyzed dental tomograms and lateral teleroentgenograms. Cephalometric points and measurements were performed according to recommendations of A. M. Schwarz, J. McNamara, W. B. Downs, R. A. Holdway, G. P. F. Schmuth, C. C. Steiner and C. H. Tweed. Anatomical points were determined taking into account the recommendations of A. E. Athanasiou and S. I. Doroshenko and Y. A. Kulginsky. The simulation of CT indexes describing the position of individual teeth relative to each other, to the bone cranial structures and the profile of adolescents with orthognathic bite, depending on the metric characteristics of the skull, which are usually unchanged during surgical and orthodontic treatment, as well as the width, lengths, angles and positions of the upper and lower jaws that may be altered by orthodontic surgery done. The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the license package “Statistica 6.0” using a direct stepwise regression analysis. It was found that in young men of 40 possible models, 23 were constructed with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.557 to 0.832, while in young women, only 8 models with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.581 to 0.832. Moreover, in the young men – of 10 possible 9 models of vestibular-tongue inclination of corresponding teeth (R2 from 0.557 to 0.832) were constructed; out of 10 possible 5 models of mesio-distal inclination of corresponding teeth (R2 from 0.558 to 0.769) constructed; of the possible 14 constructed 6 models of rotation of the corresponding teeth (R2 from 0.579 to 0.737); and in young women - there are only 5 models of vestibular-tongue inclination of the corresponding teeth (R2 from 0.603 to 0.665). In addition, in both young men and young women, models of the size of the inter-incision angle (R2 0.748 in young men and 0.581 in young women) were constructed, the magnitude of the angle of inclination of the lower canine in the jet plane (R2 respectively 0.729 and 0.793), and the magnitude of the inclination of the closure planes relative to the palatal plane (R2 respectively 0.808 and 0.832). In the analysis it was found that in young men, most frequently models included - indicator WITS (7.0%); angle GL_SNPOG (5.4%); distance S_E, angle ММ, angle NSBA (by 4.7%); angle AB_NPOG, angle N_POG_, distance N_SE, coefficient N_SP_SP, angle P_OR_N (by 3.9%). In young women, most frequently models included – angle N_POG_ (14.3%); angle AB_NPOG (10.2%); indicator WITS (8.2%); angle ММ, angle ANB, length of the branch of the mandible R_ASC (by 6.1%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of step-by-step regression with inclusion, among Ukrainian adolescence, on the basis of peculiarities of computer-tomographic and teleroentgenography indices, reliable models of computer-tomographic individual linear angular characteristics of the position of teeth necessary for constructing the correct three-dimensional geometry of dental arches are developed and analyzed.

Modeling by using regression analysis of teleroentgenographic individual indicators used in the method of Charles J. Burstone

In spite of the existence of numerous developed methods of cephalometric analysis, which should help to choose the right direction of orthodontic treatment, usually the doctor has to act intuitively, based on his experience, because their development didn’t take into account numerous factors (ethnicity, age, gender, etc.). Improving these techniques, considering the above-mentioned factors, would significantly increase their effectiveness, and hence the quality of providing dental care to the population. The purpose of the work is to construct and analyze a regression model of teleroentgenographic indicators used in the method of C. J. Burstone in young men and women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face. Primary side teleroentgenograms of 38 young men (aged 17-21 years) and 55 young women (aged 16-20 years) with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite and harmonic face, obtained from the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), taken from the bank data of research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of C. J. Burstone. All indicators were divided into three groups: 1 - metric characteristics of the skull, which usually do not change during surgical and orthodontic treatment; 2 - indicators of the tooth-jaw system, the definitions of which most often need to be guided by the orthodontic treatment of growing patients and orthodontic surgery, which allows people with already formed bone skeleton to change the width, length, angles and position of the bones of the upper and lower jaws; 3 - indicators that actually characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, to the bony cranial structures and face profile. Regression models of individual teleroentgenographic indicators used in the method of C. J. Burstone, built using the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”. Constructed all 6 reliable models of indicators included in the second group (anterior lower facial height ANS-Gn/Me, maxillary length ANS-PNS, ramus length Ar-Go, mandibular length Go-Pog, anterior upper facial height N-ANS and posterior upper facial height PNS-N) depending on the indicators of the first group (posterior section of cranial base Ar-Pt, anterior skull base length N-CC, angle of the cranial tilt POr-NBa, anterior section of cranial base Pt-N and distance P-PTV); as well as all 7 reliable models of indicators included in the third group (distances 1u-NF, 1l-MP, 6u-NF, 6l-MP and angles OP-HP, Max1-NF/Max1-SpP, Mand1-Mp/Mand1-MeGo) depending on the indicators of the first and second (distance A-B, A-NPog, Gо-CF, Max-Mand, N-A, N-B, N-Pog and Xi-Pm and angles MeGo-NPog, MP-HP, NAPog, N-ANS-Pog, N-CF-A, NPog-POr, POr-CFXi і POr-ANSPNS) groups. It was established that in young men the model of telerentgenographic indices included in the second group depending on the indicators of the first group and included in the third group, depending on the indicators of the first and second groups, have a higher determination coefficient than in young women (R2 from 0.806 to 0.918 in young men and from 0.510 to 0.768 for young women, and from 0.750 to 0.993 for young men and from 0.510 to 0.986 for young women). In the analysis of entering into the regression models of the relevant predictors found that in young men among the teleroentgenographic indicators of the first group included in the models of indicators of the second group most often included - distances P-PTV (33.3%), Pt-N and N-CC (by 25.0%); and in young women– distances N-CC (38.5%) and P-PTV (30.8%). It was also found that among young men among the teleroentgenographic indicators of the first and second groups that were included in the models of the third group of indicators most often included - distance ANS-Gn/Me (12.8%), the magnitude of the angles NAPog, POr-CFXi and POr-ANSPNS (by 9.4%); and in young women– distance ANS-Gn/Me (13.2%), distances А-В and PNS-N and the magnitude of the angle NAPog (by 7.9%).

Computer-tomographic characteristics of dental arts in young men and women with physiological bite, depending on types of faces

Correct approach to orthodontic treatment of patients requires studying the size of teeth and dental arches in representatives of different ethnic, age and sexual groups with physiological bite, depending on the features of the shape of the head and face type. The purpose of the work is to establish the limits of the percentile scope and the peculiarities of the computer-tomographic characteristics of dental arches in young men and young women with physiological bite, depending on the type of face. Primary computer-tomographic dimensions of dental arc characteristics, as well as cephalometric parameters 44 young men and 50 young women with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite were obtained from the data bank of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Face type was determined using the Garson morphological index. The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the statistical package “Statistica 6.0” using nonparametric estimation methods. In young men and young women with a physiological bite with different face types, the borders of the percentile range of the following distances are defined: between the apexes of the palatinal roots of the upper first molars, between the apexes of the distal cheek roots of the upper first molars, between the apexes of the medial vestibular roots of the upper first molars, between the apexes of the medial the roots of the lower first molars, between the apexes of the distal roots of the lower first molars, between the molar points by Pon, between the premolar points by Pon, between medial vestibular hills of first molars, between the cutting hills of the upper canines, between root apex the upper canines, between the tops of the lower canines, between root apex of the lower canines; as well as canine sagittal distance of the upper jaw, premolar sagittal distance of the upper jaw, molar sagittal distance of the upper jaw, depth of the palate at the level of the canines, depth of the palate at the level of the first premolars and depth of the palate at the level of the first molars. The boundaries of the percentile scope of the computer-tomographic size of the characteristics of dental arches in young men with broad and young women with wide and very wide types of face with normal occlusion close to orthognathic bite are established. It was established that in young men the distance between the apexes of the medial vestibular roots of the upper first molars, between the molar and premolar points by Pon, between the vestibular medial tops of the first molars, between the cutting humps of the upper canines, between the apexes of the roots of the upper canines, as well as premolar and molar sagittal distances of the upper jaw are significantly higher (p<0.05-0.001) than in young women of the corresponding type. In addition, the distances between the apexes of the distal cheek roots of the upper first molars, between the apexes of the medial roots of the lower first molars and the depth of the palate at the level of the first molars in young men with a broad type of face tend to have higher values (p=0.051-0.064) than young women with a broad type of face. When comparing differences in the size of dental arches between young women with a very wide and wide face, it was found that in young women with a very wide face, the distance between the apexes of the medial roots of the lower first molars, between the apexes of the distal roots of the lower first molars, and between the cutting humps of the upper canines are significantly higher (p<0.05-0.01) than in young women with a broad type of face. Thus, pronounced sexual differences are found for most transversal and sagittal characteristics of the dental arch of the representatives with a broad type of face (larger in young men), as well as minor differences only in the transversal characteristics of the dental arc between young women with wide and very broad types of faces (larger values in representatives with a very wide type of face).

Cephalometric studies of Ukrainian boys and girls with physiological bite by the method of Charles J. Burstone

The analysis of scientific literature points to significant ethnic, racial, age and sexualdifferences in cephalometric indices obtained by the method of C. J. Burstone, whichnecessitates conducting similar cephalometric studies among different age and sexgroups of the population of Ukraine with physiological bite. The purpose of the study isto establish and analyze the cephalometric parameters by the method of C. J. Burstonein boys and girls of the Podillia region of Ukraine with orthognathic bite. Primary lateralteleroentgenograms of 38 boys and 55 girls with normal occlusion close to orthognathicbite, obtained using the Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan), were taken fromthe data bank of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial MedicalUniversity, Vinnytsya. Cephalometric measurements were performed according to therecommendations of C. J. Burstone. The statistical processing of the obtained resultswas carried out in the licensed package "Statistica 6.0" using nonparametric methodsfor evaluating the obtained results. When comparing the cephalometric parametersused in the analysis of C. J. Burstone between boys and girls with orthognathic bite inboys, the values of the following distances are significantly higher: Ar-Pt (PosteriorSection of Cranial Base), Pt-N (Anterior Section of Cranial Base), N-ANS (AnteriorUpper Facial Height), ANS-Gn (Anterior Lower Facial Height), PNS-N (Posterior UpperFacial Height), 1l-MP (Distance of Incisal Edge of 1L to Palatal Plane), 6u-NF (Distanceof Mesial Cusp of 6u to Palatal Plane), 6l-MP (Distance of Mesial Cusp of 6l toMandibular Plane), ANS-PNS (Maxillary Length), Ar-Go (Ramus Length), Go-Pog(Mandibular Length), B-Pog (distance from point Pog to point B, parallel to mandibularplane) and A-B (Distance of A to B on Occl. Plane); and in girls - only angle OP-HP(Angle of Occl. to Horizontal Plane). More than half of the cephalometric parametersobtained in the boys and girls of Podillia with orthognathic bite have reliable or tendencydifferences with the magnitude of the parameters given by C. J. Burstone, whichconfirms the need to establish their regional standards for correct use in Ukraine.

Computer-tomographic vestibular-tongue sizes of teeth in boys and girls with normal occlusion depending on face types

Research of computed-tomographic size of teeth in representatives with differenttypes of faces and physiological occlusion allows dentists to make the correct approach toorthodontic treatment of patients in the clinic of orthodontics, orthopedic dentistry andmaxillofacial surgery. The purpose of the work is to establish the limits of the percentilescope and the peculiarities of the computed-tomographic vestibular-tongue sizes of teethin young boys and girls with physiological bite, depending on the type of face. Primarycomputer-tomographic dimensions of the width of the crowns of teeth, the width of theteeth at the anatomical neck, the distance from the anatomical neck to the apex of the rootand the distance from the middle of the cutting edge to the apex of the root of the teeth inthe vestibular-tongue direction, as well as the cephalometric parameters of 44 boys and 50girls with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite received from the data bank of theresearch center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Face typewas determined using the Garson morphological index. The statistical processing of theobtained results was carried out using the statistical software package "Statistica 6.0" usingnon-parametric estimation methods. In boys and girls with physiological bite with differenttypes of face the boundaries of the percentile width of the crowns width, the width of theteeth at the level of the anatomical neck, the distance from the anatomical neck to theapex of the root and the distance from the middle of the cutting edge to the apex of the rootin the vestibular-tongue direction are determined. The analysis of gender differences inthe size of the teeth showed that all the indicators of the distance from the anatomical neckto the apex of the root and the distance from the middle of the cutting edge to the apex ofthe root of the corresponding teeth in the vestibular-tongue direction in young boys with abroad face are significantly higher than that of girls with a wide face; the vast majority of thesize of the width of the crowns of teeth and the width of the teeth at the level of theanatomical neck in the vestibular-tongue direction in the young boys with a broad face arealso significantly higher than that of girls with a wide face. Reliable or tendentious differencesin computed-tomographic sizes of the teeth in the vestibular-tongue direction betweengirls with a very wide and wide face are not established. The results broaden theunderstanding of the anatomical structure of permanent teeth in young boys and girls ofPodillia with a physiological bite with different types of faces, which will allow dentists toimprove the efficiency of treatment of defects in teeth and dentitions.

Зв’язки лінійних розмірів необхідних для побудови коректної форми зубної дуги з одонтометричними й кефалометричними показниками дівчат-мезоцефалів із ортогнатичним прикусом

Зв’язки лінійних розмірів необхідних для побудови коректної форми зубної дуги з одонтометричними й кефалометричними показниками дівчат-мезоцефалів із ортогнатичним прикусом

Research of the spread of diseases of teeth hard tissue amond students

In the work are presented the results of the complex dental examination of 209 students of a higher educational institution of Kyiv city. It was elucidated, that young people need primary, secondary and tertiary prophylaxis of dental diseases. At the study patients were divided by sex differences, bite type, clinical course form (generalized, localized), injury depth (first, second, third degree), depending on the rubed area (horizontal, vertical, mixed) of teeth.Methods: The dental examination of students, studied in a higher educational institutions of Kyiv city. Among them women were– 114 (54,5%) persons, men – 95 (45,5%) persons.Results: The predominant part included students with the orthognathic bite – 159 persons, with direct – 29, and with deep – 21 persons. 1 – degree of teeth rub prevails - 110 persons, 2 degree - 68 persons. The generalized form was diagnosed in 120 persons, localized in 89 persons, compensated in 34 persons, subcompensated 52 persons, decompensated in 23 persons.Conclusions: The causes of the pathological rub of teeth hard tissues are the functional inferiority of teeth hard tissues, intake of acid-containing products and medicaments, use of abrasive teeth pasts and hard teeth brushes or their irrational use, horizontal movements at teeth brushing, pathological bite, teeth vestibuloposition, teeth necks baring, supra-contacts