Decorative Forms Research Articles

CHORNOBYL’S CURRENT DENDROFLORA: ANALYSIS OF NATURAL SUCCESSIONS IN THE ABANDONED URBAN PHYTOCOENOSES

The research on the dendroflora of Chornobyl town 30 years after the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant reveal that the taxonomic composition of the town green spaces comprises of 87 species and 8 decorative forms of 29 families, 26 orders, 2 divisions. The composition of plantations is dominated by trees (63%), bushes (30%) and winding plants (7%). Despite the natural succession processes over the past 30 years, the plantations of Chornobyl are dominated by introducers, which make up 57% of the total number of taxa. The study of test areas reveals successional changes in the abandoned phytocoenoses of the town, which led to the expansion of the alien invasive species Acer negundo L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Fraxinus pennsylvanica L. and Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. The spread of alien invasive species is facilitated by droughts of long periods and the decrease in groundwater level. Climate change and the lack of proper agrotechnical care result in fungal diseases, damages caused by the semi-parasitic species Viscum album L. on decorative and fruit trees and bushes, both also leading to their expel from the town plantations.

FLUORESCENCE TESTING OF THE EUROPEAN BEECH IN THE BOTANICAL SITE OF NATURE OF LVIV

The botanical sights of nature were studied, including the decorative forms of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica), which were used in the landscaping of Lviv. The relevance of monitoring studies of the state of the urban dendroflora of botanical natural monuments is due to the need to form a basic level of ecological data to assess the nature and dynamics of ecosystems. The scientific and historical value of nature conservation territories of the botanical category is shown. Photobiological methods were used to perform a comparative analysis of the pigment content and fluorescent parameters of tree species in the ecological and phytocenotic zones of the complex green zone of the city.
 The high plasticity of the structural organization of the chloroplasts of European beech leaves, characterized by the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids, was established. The studied plants respond to increased urbogenic load by increasing the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the park and street plantings.
 It has been established that the use of the fluorescent method is promising in scientific research, when controlling the sanitary condition of tree plantations, as it provides the determination of an integral scientifically capable parameter - the vitality index of trees. Based on the measured fluorescent parameters, the vitality index of the trees was determined. In street plantings, the vitality index decreases by 2 times, which indicates a decrease in the activity of the donor part of the photosynthetic apparatus.
 The practical use of modern methods of fluorescence express vegetation testing, which provide a correlational synthesis of morphophysiological and biophysical mechanisms of photosynthesis and graphoanalytical information, is substantiated, which is necessary for the creation of information and diagnostic systems for comprehensive monitoring of urban ecosystems, preservation of biodiversity and protection of the floristic gene pool of urban areas.

Geology constrains biomineralization expression and functional trait distribution in the Mountainsnails

AbstractAimGeographic variation in metabolic resources necessary for functional trait expression can set limits on species distributions. For species that need to produce and maintain biomineralized traits for survival, spatial variation in mineral macronutrients may constrain species distributions by limiting the expression of biomineralized traits. Here, we examine whether Oreohelix land snails that express heavily biomineralized shell ornaments are restricted to CaCO3 rock regions, if they incorporate greater amounts of CaCO3 rock carbon in their shell than less biomineralized smooth forms, and if ornamentation increases shell strength.LocationWestern United States.TaxonOreohelix land snails.MethodsWe used random forest classification models at multiple spatial resolutions to evaluate the contribution of topographic, vegetation, climate, and geologic variables in predicting the presence of heavily biomineralized shell ornaments across the range of Oreohelix. We then measured and compared shell biometric variables, 14C/12C ratios, and peak force for fracture for ornamented and smooth forms from calcareous and non‐calcareous substrates.ResultsDistance to CaCO3 rock was the most important variable in all models and closer proximity to CaCO3 rock was associated with greater probability of local ornamentation classification. Pairwise comparisons of 14C/12C ratios in closely occurring ornamented vs. smooth population pairs revealed ornamented forms incorporate greater CaCO3 rock carbon than smooth forms. Ornamented types measured in this study were generally heavier and required greater peak force for fracture than smooth forms, except when comparing ornamented forms to smooth forms sampled from CaCO3 rock.Main ConclusionsBiomineralization expression, species distribution, and trait function appear to be constrained by mineral supply in a highly diverse group of land snails. This trait‐environment relationship provides a basis for future investigations of CaCO3 macronutrient constraints on shell form and species distribution in other terrestrial molluscs and has a direct impact on the management of Oreohelix species.

Mythological Spirit of Riau Malayan Islamic Culture as Reflected on Visual Artifacts

Culture refers to human knowledge as social creatures used to understand, create, and interpret his experience and environment and embody the basic framework creating and encouraging the creation of behavior useful to a State’s culture. Culture that spreads throughout archipelago underlies and characterizes an attempt of raising a certain region to be a city or a region’s benchmark. Similarly, Riau city is the Malayan cultural center, with the majority of Muslim populations still maintaining and developing their sharia. Departing from this fact, research is conducted on the visual artifact of Riau Malayan culture with Islamic characteristics inherent to the elements supporting the traditional house (rumah adat). Viewed from the visual artifacts supporting this traditional house, there are some ornaments in the form of vines (flora creeping or climbing along a surface). To discover the product of Riau culture, a study is conducted with visual artifacts constituting the supporting elements and the ornaments of traditional house being the main object. The research was conducted through observing and interviewing and a document study was conducted on the old manuscripts and ornaments stored in the museum of Sang Nila Utama Riau Province. The data obtained from various sources were than validated using the triangulation method and then analyzed using Clive Bell’s esthetic approach, “meaningful shape”. The analysis was concentrated on the cultural mythology of Riau community, majority of who are Muslims, so that their kinship’s social relation reflects Islam sharia. The result shows that visual cultural artifacts in the form of traditional house ornaments created by Riau people lead to human life and moral messages for human beings to socialize with His fellow creature, to obey His instruction, and to keep close to God who gives life and provides welfare.
 Keywords: Riau, artifact, ornament, mythology, social-cultural

Siak Palace Inspiration for Gala Evening Party Dressmaking

Inspiration for dressmaking can come from various sources, such as nature and the surrounding environment, culture and traditions, film, music, and art; textiles and fabrics; and architecture and interior design. Indonesia has many heritage buildings that can be a source of inspiration in gala evening party dressmaking, one of which is the Siak Palace in Riau. Siak Palace is one of the heritage buildings that can be a source of inspiration in fashion creation. Some elements of Siak Palace that can be used as inspiration in designing clothing include colors, ornamental motifs, shapes, textures, and traditional Malay clothing. In evening party dressmaking, inspiration from Siak Palace can be taken from the forms of decoration found in buildings and furniture in the palace. In addition, the dominant colors in Siak Palace, such as red, gold, and green, can be a color choice for elegant and magnificent party clothes. The shapes of objects in Siak Palace, such as jewelry, wood carvings, and wicker, can also inspire details on clothing. By combining elements from Siak Palace with modern fashion designs, it can produce unique and stunning party clothes. Gala evening party dressmaking with silhouette A with elements of white and gold, bustier with a princess line, 1/2 circle skirt that has a cleavage on the front, a long shawl on each sleeve, cone-shaped padding variations, using wrap buttons and Japanese zipper, decoration in some parts is one embodiment of the creation of party fashion with the source of the idea of the Siak palace. By taking inspiration from Siak Palace, people can appreciate Indonesian culture and history. In this case, party fashion is not only an ordinary outfit but also a medium to introduce the richness of Indonesian culture and history to the world.

Central Gaulish samian ware in Pannonia

AbstractIn Pannonia from 122 sites 9867 Central Gaulish samian are recorded so far. The greatest number of this pottery has been published from the towns adjacent legionary fortress. Central Gaulish pottery is usually rare to find in cemeteries. The quantity of this ware everywhere greater than that of South Gaulish samian.90.66% of the Central Gaulish terra sigillata are from Lezoux and 7.6% of this ware can be related to the workshops of Les Martres de Veyre. There may also have been a small number of Central Gaulish sigillata imported from Vichy, Terre Franche, Toulon sur Allier or Lubie. These samall production centres could be considered as possibilities.The Lezoux group is represented in Pannonia by 15 plain and 2 decorated forms. The decorated ware can be chronologically divided into three large groups. The earliest ware of Trajanic period is quite rare in Pannonia; they occur only in the western part of the province.The second chronological group, the Hadrianic–early Antonine one is in Pannonia a total of five times larger, than the Trajanic group. The total number of the third group, the Antonine samian is seven times larger, than the number of Hadrianic–early Antonine sigillata.Hadrian founded 8 to 9 municipiums in Pannonia. The new cities, mainly the two provinial seats Carnuntum and Aquincum had a large shipment of ware from Central Gaul. After the Marcomannic wars (166–180 AD) Rheinzabern took over a leading role on the provincial markets.

Balinese Ornaments

Bali is known worldwide for most of its people's activities using handicrafts; one of the most commonly found arts and crafts is Balinese ornaments. Ornaments are very well developed, not only to decorate temples, but also to decorate traditional houses, and tourism commodity needs. Some Balinese ornaments symbolically have particular meanings and symbolize something based on culture, customs, beliefs, and also religion. Understanding the form and function of Balinese ornaments is very important to improve knowledge and services to the community, not only locally, nationally, but also internationally. To overcome this, Balinese ornaments need to be developed comprehensively and holistically, especially to improve practical and theoretical knowledge. The art-based research method is to introduce the finished ornament drawing or drawing in stages, and the introduction of its function. Therefore, this research is important to improve the understanding of ornaments. Some of the ornaments discussed are keketusan (independent loose shapes), pepatran (vines), kekarangan (stylization of the faces of living beings), and wayang. An understanding of ornaments can improve artistic insight, especially in the application of the form and function of Balinese ornaments. It is expected that Balinese ornaments will continue to develop in form and function following the times to answer the needs of local and global art.

PENGEMBANGAN BUSANA BERSILUET H DENGAN HIASAN 3D

The purpose of this study was to develop party wear and find out the preferences of female consumers on H silhouette party dresses with 3D sequin decorations. This research is a Research & Development research. This study uses the 4D Thiagarajan development model, namely: define, design, development, and dissemination. The data collection method in this study was an online Google form questionnaire with 52 respondents. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics. The results of the study were: 1) The realization of an H-silhouette party dress made of satin and organza with 3D sequin decoration, 2) Consumer preference test for party dresses 90.4% were very interested in the 3D form of decoration on party clothes, 87.7% of respondents were interested in the placement decoration, 83% of respondents were interested in the choice of satin and organza, 82.7% of respondents were interested in the H silhouette of party dresses, and 81.5% of respondents were interested in the use of white bones in party dresses.

The spectacle of production: a Roman imperial winery at the Villa of the Quintilii, Rome

The elites of many past cultures have sought to romanticise agricultural labour—often the source of their wealth and hence their status. A recently discovered winery at the Villa of the Quintilii on the Via Appia Antica, near Rome, provides only the second known example from the Graeco-Roman world of an opulent wine production complex built to facilitate vinicultural ‘spectacle’. The authors present the architectural and decorative form of the winery and illustrate how the annual vintage was reimagined as ‘theatrical’ performance. Dating to the mid third century AD, the complex illuminates how ancient elites could fuse utilitarian function with ostentatious luxury to fashion their social and political status.

Mužský odev 18. storočia v zrkadle súdnych písomností z Liptovskej stolice

The clothing of criminals in the 18th century did not differ significantly from the clothing of the people around them, which is hardly surprising, as they came from their ranks. However, we can see in their clothing a reflection of their professional or social status. For example, it is evident from the clothing of most robbers that they came from a shepherd’s environment. In their clothing, we find components that have been explicitly designated as shepherd’s or were often found on shepherd’s clothing. Various forms of individual decoration are found on trousers and headgear, such as cloth ribbons and beads in particular, and also seashells. As for other categories of criminal, identifying a pattern for such a small number of cases is complicated. However, in general, their clothing contained mostly elements typical of their status or profession. Still, it is clear that even the clothes of the lower social groups were not uniform.

Increasing the Biodiversity of the Dendroflora of Sparsely Wooded Regions by Adapted Representatives of the Genus Robinia L.

Purpose of the study: to substantiate the prospects of using various species, varieties and forms of the genus Robinia in protective afforestation and landscaping of settlements in dry-steppe and semi-desert zones of southern Russia. It is established that the main limiting factors affecting the growth, development and condition of representatives of the genus Robinia in the Volgograd region are winter temperatures up to −37 °C, as well as poor moisture availability and uneven distribution of precipitation during the growing season in combination with extremely low temperatures in the autumn–winter period. All representatives of the generic complex belong to the group of plants that start late and finish the vegetative period late. Phenological atypicity is in the lower half of the normal range, with indicators from +1 °C to 0, which indicates a high level of adaptation to the climatic conditions of the region. In the process of long-term acclimatization, many introduced species have developed a number of genotypic adaptations and are currently able to tolerate extreme winter temperatures up to −37 °C. An assessment of potential drought resistance based on the water-retaining ability of the leaves showed that higher rates of water-resistance capacity (76.8% water loss) are typical of R. neomexicana, which has a natural distribution area in the western arid part of the North American continent. R. viscosa var. hartwegii, with a natural distribution in the areas of the monsoon subtropical climate of eastern North America, is distinguished by low indicators (94.1% water loss), as are clonal decorative forms of R. pseudoacacia: f. pyramidalis and f. umbraculifera (97.6–95.8% water loss), which are common only in culture and characterized by a whole complex of low indicators of bioecological stability. The data obtained by us allow us to recommend the following assortment of species and forms of Robinia for protective afforestation and landscaping in the arid territories of southern Russia: R. pseudoacacia, R. neomexicana var. neomexicana, R. neomexicana var. rusbyi and R. pseudoacacia x R. neomexicana.

Nakosnik puloker as a component of the Moksha national Costume: on the problem of genesis and ethno-cultural meanings

This article presents the experience of studying the unique nakosnik of Moksha puloker women, which existed from the VIII to the XVIII centuries in a traditional women's costume as an ethnic symbol of the people. The most important aspects of the characteristics of the hairpiece associated with determining the cause of the appearance of this artifact, revealing the general attitude to hair in traditional culture, in particular in the heroic epic of the Mordovian people "Mastorava", which reflects the events of the medieval history of the ethnos; the nature of the era that caused the appearance of new elements in the folk costume. Both general scientific methods and systematic, comparative-historical and structural-semiotic approaches were used in the study. The role of the crisis factor in the culture of the Mordovian tribes of the second half of the I millennium A.D. was revealed, manifested in the activation of human activity aimed at adaptation in conditions of rapid changes and intercultural contacts. It is established that the result of the creative work of women, forcibly limited by the space of the family and home (possibly due to the appearance of a small family), was the development of socio-economic and cultural processes related to the ritual sphere, which required the segregation of the married woman's social group and a new element of the headdress, which emphasized the status of the hostess of the house. The novelty of the research is determined by the conclusions about the values of culture embodied in the materialization of the goals of collective activity in the form of an artificially created form of decoration, as well as in the justification of the significant influence of the Turkic peoples on the development of culture in the period under consideration.

Mosque Typology in Indonesia Based on Vernacular Architecture

The mosque which was built in various regions in Indonesia has a variety of its uniqueness. People in Indonesia in general only see that people understand architecture in a mosque only as a domed building or apply Middle Eastern elements only. However, many mosques in Indonesia have applied various Vernaculars to their architectural applications and experienced significant changes to the concept and form of the building. This study aims to find the application of Vernacular facades to 4 mosques in Indonesia, namely the Great Mosque of West Sumatra, the Sunan Ampel Mosque, the Great Mosque of Central Java, and the Grand Mosque of K.H. Hasyim Asyari. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques based on journals and articles from the Internet and processed using tables in the form of variables with variables in the form of roofs and mosque wall ornaments. The results of this study are the application of vernacular roof architecture to the mosque in the form of modifications of the local form of each mosque that originates and the application of ornaments on the walls of the mosque which is an adaptation of the local architecture of the local area.

PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH FLY ASH DAN BOTTOM ASH (FABA) MENJADI PRODUK KOMERSIL DI DESA SEKURO

Sekuro is one of the villages in the Mlonggo sub-district, Jepara Regency. Geographically, Sekuro village has a lot of potential because of its strategic location. Apart from that, Sekuro Village also has potential human resources that have not yet been absorbed. To achieve the goal of Community Service, namely the creation of creative products to realize an increase in the community's economy and to solve problems currently being faced by the Sekuro village community in particular. So the approach method used is direct practice and mentoring methods along with teaching aids direct practice methods. The implementation of community service activities is focused on the Sekuro village community who have an interest in fly ash and bottom ash waste management and those who have pilot building material businesses. Some of the programs that have been implemented, namely the offer of cooperation in paving blocks for village development, training in making products from this waste. All participants looked enthusiastic in participating in the whole series of service activities carried out. So that from these activities there is input for assistance to be carried out to market the products produced in the form of paving, bricks, and ornaments.

Art of Architecture in the Fatimiyyah Dynasty (697 -1171 AD)

<p><em>The Fatimiyyah Dynasty was a vast and advanced country in several fields, especially in the field of architectural art. Founded by the Ismaili Shia sect. The writings of the research are first, wanting to understand concrete forms in the field of architectural art during the Fatimiyyah dynasty. second. want to understand the internal and external factors in the field of architectural arts during the Fatimiyyah dynasty. third, they want to understand the implementation of architectural art during the Fatimiyyah dynasty. The research methodology includes library research from primary data and secondary data relevant to the topics discussed. The results of this study are: first, concrete manifestations of the history of the Islamic civilization of the Fatimiyyah dynasty, namely the buildings of mosques, hotels, luxurious palaces, and forms of ornament and decoration. second, internal factors such as Islamic values contained in art, architectural art is knowledge from the Qur'an, and art cannot be separated from the local culture. External factors, namely the art of architecture, are influenced by the economy, international trade, and advances in science and technology. Third, this architectural art implies that the buildings at the Great Mahdiya Mosque, Al Azhar Mosque, Qarafa Mosque, Al-Hakim Mosque, and Other Cairo Mosques, Cairo Fort, Bab Al Futuh, Bab Al Nasr, and Bab Zuweil then form buildings like many passageways, a central courtyard surrounded by arcades, curly arches, portals, domes, ornate façades and architectural features of East and West.</em></p><p> </p>

The Influence of William Hogarth on Later Generations

The Influence of William Hogarth on Later Generations

Esthetic assessment of the ornamental forms of northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) and their use in garden and park compositions

Northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) is represented in the world by about 200 ornamental forms, 43 of which were discovered and described in landscaping and nurseries of Lviv. The first plantations in Lviv date back to the 1920s. They were introduced by the professor at the Medical Institute T. Vilchynskyi, who brought material for cuttings from a nursery in Kurnik (Poland). The decorative qualities of these cultivars were determined on the basis of characteristic features and evaluated in points: the shape and density of the crown, the color of the needles, the nature of branching, and the features of seed-bearing. These decorative qualities formed the basis for the construction of various elements of garden and park compositions with the participation of tapeworms, alleys, green walls, hedges, boskets, topiaries, and rock gardens. The highest number of points (12) was obtained by 46.4% of ornamental forms, 11 - 16.3%, 10 - 9.3%, and 8 -11.6%. Cultivars with a distinct regular crown shape received high evaluation points. The options for the spatial arrangement of individuals were proposed and the distance between seating positions was recommended. Taking into account the high plasticity of cultivars and the ability to form crowns, variants of clipped hedges and topiaries were recommended. Several models have been proposed based on the distribution of ornamental plant groups based on their symmetry, silhouettes, alignments, contrasts, colors, density, and sizes. Cultivars were selected for each variant, and their group arrangement was proposed.

САРГАРИНСКО-АЛЕКСЕЕВСКАЯ КЕРАМИКА ПОЗДНЕЙ БРОНЗЫ ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ КАЛИНОВКА-II (ЛЕСОСТЕПНОЙ АЛТАЙ)

The article reflects the results of a comprehensive study of the Sargarinsko-Aleksevskaya ceramics of the Kalinovka-II settlement (Eastern Kulunda). The authors analyzed the forms of vessels, ornamentation techniques, ornamental schemes, raw materials and molding masses. As a result, it was determined that the main part of the ceramics of the collection is pots. The presence of nonnumerous vessels of jar and jug-shaped forms is noted. The ceramics were decorated mainly along the neck area, less often at the shoulders. The use of six methods of applying the ornament is noted: molding, stamping, finger technique, notching, cutting and extrusion. The use of 42 ornamental motifs has been recorded. The most popular are rollers without additional decor, rows of finger prints, a herringbone of smooth stamp impressions, rows of slanted smooth stamp impressions, a horizontal herringbone roller of smooth stamp impressions and a collar with a belt of slanted impressions of the same stamp. Ornamental compositions are dominated by patterns consisting of only one motif. An analysis of the raw materials showed that vessels made from medium-ferruginous clay with fine sand (less than 0.1 mm) in high concentration predominate. Seven recipes for compiling molding masses have been identified. The tradition of adding fireclay prevails, a mixture of skills in the use of mineral impurities is recorded. Comparison of the obtained results with the materials of the settlements of the steppe and forest-steppe Altai (Zharkovo-3, Rublevo-VI, Burla-3) shows a significant similarity in the forms of vessels, ornamentation and preparation of molding masses. The studied series is similar to the ceramics of the sites of Central Kazakhstan by the similarity of forms and ornamentation, as well as the presence of a recipe that reflects the mixing of cultural traditions in the use of mineral impurities. In general, the Sargarinsko-Alekseevskaya ceramics of the Kalinovka-II settlement, as well as other sites of Altai and Kazakhstan, reflects similar processes that took place in these territories, interpenetration and contacts of the population.

Ансамбль тверского Императорского путевого дворца: столичное и региональное в архитектурной истории памятника

The history of the formation of the ensemble of the Imperial Travel Palace in Tver goes back to the deep Middle Ages, when there were two palace complexes (Princely and Vladychny (Archbishop’s) on the territory of the Kremlin. The first one ceased to exist during the period of the Troubles of the beginning of the 17th century, and by the end of the 17th century Vladychny consisted of several stone buildings of the 15th — 17th centuries. This ensemble was severely damaged during the fire in 1736, which led to the creation of a new Archbishop’s palace, erected near the dismantled chambers. The building of the 1730s stood for less than 30 years, because in 1763 it was damaged by fire again. As a result, the building, built according to the project of the capital architect I. F. Michurin, was replaced by a palace complex, the construction of which was supervised by the Moscow architect P. R. Nikitin. At the same time, its baroque decorative forms with the inclusion of late medieval elements in the mid — second half of the 1760s gave way to openly Baroque architecture, and the project of this building was probably approved without much doubt by Catherine II, who decided in the 1770s to make the newly rebuilt Vladychny palace her residence in Tver. Since then, a new stage in the biography of this complex begins, but during the early 19th century another metropolitan master K. I. Rossi expertly deprived the Imperial Travel Palace of its original appearance, informing its facades with a classic style. And finally, the royal architect A. I. Rezanov in the 60s – 70s of the 19th century changed the facade decoration of the Tver Palace again, bringing it into the context of many-sided eclecticism.

KAJIAN MOTIF “GARUDAMUKHA” BATIK SUMINAR

Kediri is one of the cities / regencies in East Java province that still produces textile production, namely batik. The problems discussed in this study are (1) what is the background of the creation of Garudamukha Batik in Kediri batik? (2) how to design Garudamukha Batik on Kediri batik using a design approach? This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with the design approach and design theory from Nanang Rizali. Data obtained using passive role observation, in-depth interviews, and literature study. Focusing on the background of the formation of Garudamukha Batik and the symbolic meaning it contains. The research sites are in Kediri Regency and Kediri City, Badas District, Gurah District, Pagu District, Semen District, and Mojo District. The results showed that: 1) In the history of Batik Garudamukha was formed on the initiative of the City Government of Kediri. Garudamukha is one of the history in Kediri, the mount of Lord Vishnu. King Airlangga is trusted by his people as the incarnation of Lord Vishnu who has the territory in the City of Kediri namely DAHA or Dahapura (City of Fire). 2) The function aspect acts as the identity of the City of Kediri. Aesthetic aspects in the form of decoration, color, composition. The material aspect uses primissima cotton cloth, wax and remasol dyes. The aspect of the process uses written, stamped, printing or mixed techniques.