Original Page Research Articles

Refined symmetry-resolved Page curve and charged black holes* *Supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (12035016, 12275275). It is also supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (1222031) and the Innovative Projects of Science and Technology ( E2545BU210) at IHEP.

The Page curve plotted using the typical random state approximation is not applicable to a system with conserved quantities, such as the evaporation process of a charged black hole, during which the electric charge does not macroscopically radiate out with a uniform rate. In this context, the symmetry-resolved entanglement entropy may play a significant role in describing the entanglement structure of such a system. We attempt to impose constraints on microscopic quantum states to match the macroscopic phenomenon of charge radiation during black hole evaporation. Specifically, we consider a simple qubit system with conserved spin/charge serving as a toy model for the evaporation of charged black holes. We propose refined rules for selecting a random state with conserved quantities to simulate the distribution of charges during the different stages of evaporation and obtain refined Page curves that exhibit distinct features in contrast to the original Page curve. We find that the refined Page curve may have a different Page time and exhibit asymmetric behavior on both sides of the Page time. Such refined Page curves may provide a more realistic description for the entanglement between the charged black hole and radiation during the evaporation process.

Pathophysiology of primary hypertension in children and adolescents.

The progress in research on the physiology of the cardiovascular system made in the last 100years allowed for the development of the pathogenesis not only of secondary forms of hypertension but also of primary hypertension. The main determinants of blood pressure are described by the relationship between stroke volume, heart rate, peripheral resistance, and arterial stiffness. The theories developed by Guyton and Folkow describe the importance of the volume factor and total peripheral resistance. However, none of them fully presents the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. The multifactorial model of primary hypertension pathogenesis developed by Irving Page in the 1940s, called Page's mosaic, covers most of the pathophysiological phenomena observed in essential hypertension. The most important pathophysiological phenomena included in Page's mosaic form a network of interconnected "nodes". New discoveries both from experimental and clinical studies made in recent decades have allowed the original Page mosaic to be modified and the addition of new pathophysiological nodes. Most of the clinical studies confirming the validity of the multifactorial pathogenesis of primary hypertension concern adults. However, hypertension develops in childhood and is even perinatally programmed. Therefore, the next nodes in Page's mosaic should be age and perinatal factors. This article presents data from pediatric clinical trials describing the most important pathophysiological processes associated with the development of essential hypertension in children and adolescents.

ERATUM TO THE NOTE: ZORNIELLA, A REPLACEMENT GENUS NAME FOR ZORNIA SENOWBARI-DARYAN ET DI STEFANO, 2001 (BY BABA SENOWBARI-DARYAN AND IOAN I. BUCUR) PUBLISHED IN ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA ROMANIAE, 17 (1), P. 49, 2021

In an e-mail from April 17, 2023 Eduardo Antonio Molinari-Novoa drew our attention to the fact that the new combination Zorniella obscura is invalid as a result of the fact that no express reference is made (cf. art. 41.5 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants) to the original page and illustration in the article by Senowbari-Daryan and Di Stefano (2001). In order to rectify this mistake, we publish again the text of the note with the respective specification.

Chinese Writing: Soviet Experiments of the 1920s and 1930s

Attempts to translate Chinese writing from a hieroglyphic basis to a phonetic one have been known since the 19th century. In the 1920s in the Soviet Union, for political, “technical” and other reasons, a course was taken to transfer hieroglyphic writing to a Latin basis. This process also affected the Chinese language. The second reason for the course towards the romanization of Chinese writing was the hope of the USSR authorities for the development of the revolutionary movement in China — the Latin alphabet was considered to be one of the “revolutionization” aspects for Chinese population. In 1929, the “Project of the Chinese alphabet on a Latinized basis” was published in the USSR. In 1931, the revised project was approved at a conference in Vladivostok. However, the subsequent introduction of the new Chinese alphabet in the USSR gradually turned into clashes “with political overtones”. The main “stumbling block” was the orientation of this alphabet towards “foreign” (“English”) standards, which some Soviet experts considered a “gross political mistake.” After gradual shift away from romanization in the USSR in 1935 and Japan’s attack on China in 1937, the romanization of Chinese writing lost its relevance. In general, the experiment with Chinese writing was an original page of “language construction” in the USSR, although in fact it ended in failure.

JSAnalyzer: A Web Developer Tool for Simplifying Mobile Web Pages through Non-critical JavaScript Elimination

The amount of JavaScript used in web pages has substantially grown in the past decade, leading to large and complex pages that are computationally intensive for handheld mobile devices. Due to the increasing usage of these devices to access today’s web, and to accommodate the needs of a large number of mobile web users who solely rely on low-end devices, we propose “JSAnalyzer,” an easy-to-use tool that enables web developers to quickly optimize JavaScript usage in their pages and to generate simpler versions of these pages for mobile web users. JSAnalyzer is motivated by the widespread use of non-critical JavaScript elements, i.e., those that have negligible (if any) impact on the page’s visual content and interactive functionality. JSAnalyzer allows the developer to selectively enable or disable JavaScript elements in any given page while visually observing their impact on the page to (1) accurately identify any non-critical JavaScript elements and (2) create a simplified page with these elements removed. Our quantitative evaluation shows that, given a low-end mobile phone, JSAnalyzer achieves an increase of nearly 90% in Google’s lighthouse performance score while reducing the page load time by 30%. A qualitative study of 22 users shows that the lighter pages produced by JSAnalyzer maintain more than 90% visual similarity compared to the original pages. Moreover, JSAnalyzer was evaluated by 69 developers, showing that it scores nearly 90% in terms of usefulness and usability while retaining the page’s content and functionality. Finally, we show that JSAnalyzer outperforms state-of-the-art solutions in terms of timing speedups and resource savings.

The Application of Computer Intelligence in the Cyber-Physical Business System Integration in Network Security.

In order to address the false alarm detection problem caused by the inability to identify the transgression scene pages in the process of horizontal transgression detection, this study proposes a deep learning-based LSTM-AutoEncoder unsupervised prediction model. The model uses long short-term memory network to build AutoEncoder, extracts text features of page response data of horizontal transgression scenario, and reconstructs text features to restore. Meanwhile, it counts the error between the restored result and the original page response, judges whether the detection result of horizontal transgression is false alarm according to the error threshold of unknown page, and tests the effectiveness of the model effect under real business data by comparing it with other two algorithms, one-class SVM and AutoEncoder, which provides security for enterprise network business. The results show that the LSTM-AutoEncoder model achieves a more balanced index in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score in the case of MAE, which is 0.3% more and 0.2% more than the case of MSE in terms of recall and accuracy. It is concluded that the LSTM-AutoEncoder model is more in line with the real business requirements, and the simple model architecture selected for this study can reduce the complexity of the model, speed up the prediction time of the model in the application phase, and improve the performance of the detection software. This indicates that this study has some application prospects in network security.

Peculiarities of plastic image creation in Maria Coțofan’s tapestry

The creation of the painter Maria Coțofan inscribes in the history of decorative arts of the Republic Moldova an original page in which, significant motifs of everyday reality and important iconographic landmarks, typical of popular plastic creation, blend artistically and harmoniously. It contributes to the conception of works where tradition and contemporaneity work aesthetically together. In some works, the traditional motifs of the popular carpet, such as those of anthropomorphic, aviomorphic, arboreal, phytomorphic and geometric origin, being judiciously revalued, endow the image with distinguished aesthetic expressions and valuable messages. In others, the memorable iconographic landmarks of Orthodox Christian and historical defense architecture serve as a starting point in the composition of images and highlight artistically the non-transient essences and local cultural values. In the protagonist’s works, the morphological and syntactic repertoire of plastic realization of image completes a wide range of means and processes, which originate both in the secular tradition of technological weaving of folk carpets, as well as in the various plastic paradigms, whose conceptual and aesthetic coordinates are rooted in the stylistics of European avant-garde movements and in the unique local stylistic strands of tapestry art from the second half of the twentieth century.

Archive Services in the Public and the Case of Archive Service of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey

Archive services in the public sector are carried out within the framework of the legislation. The Parliamentary Library and Archive Services Presidency was established to provide information and document services that the deputies may need during the legislative process. It also provides information and documentation services to external researchers within the framework of the legislation of the institution it is affiliated with. Archive information services are also carried out within this framework. In the archives of the Assembly, from its first meeting on April 23, 1920, to the present, all the minutes of the Parliament, consisting of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, the National Assembly, the Senate of the Republic, the Constituent Assembly, the Assembly of Representatives, the National Unity Committee, the National Security Council and the Consultative Assembly, "keyword, electoral district, The printed original page images can be accessed in pdf format as a result of all inquiries on the basis of elements such as the name of the deputy, the subject, the name of the parliament, the legislative period, the legislative year, the date range. From the System of Access to the Minutes of the Ottoman Period Assembly, there are the Ottoman Assemblies, consisting of the Majlis-i Ayan and the Majlis-i Mebusan, covering the 24th interim period between Thursday, 4th Kanun-awwal, 1324 (December 17, 1908) and April 5, 1336 (1920). Printed original page images of this document can also be accessed in pdf format.

РУССКАЯ ТЕМА В ПОЛИФОНИЧЕСКОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ХОРОВОГО ТВОРЧЕСТВА A’CAPPELLA Р. ЩЕДРИНА (к 90-летию со дня рождения композитора)

The name of Rodion Shchedrin is widely known all over the world. With his work, he has made a significant contribution to the treasury of world music. R. Shchedrin knows how to be different, he speaks to the listener in a modern language, preserving his individual handwriting and style, while not ignoring the techniques of composition within various stylistic directions. In each essay, R. Shchedrin touches on a new topic, giving it an original form of expression. The object of the analysis in this article is his choral creativity — one of the original pages in the legacy of the master. The author focuses on R. Shchedrin's works for the a'cappella choir. It is noted that the general line in the choral work of the composer is the "Russian theme". This concerns both the content of his works and the special means of compositional writing, including polyphonic ones. R. Shchedrin's polyphony incorporates various genre prototypes. Carrying on the traditions of the Russian school of composition and, in particular, that of M. I. Glinka, R. Shchedrin synthesizes in his choral opuses the methods of Western European (imitation) and Russian (sub-vocal) polyphony, which become an artistic and stylistic universal in the modern intonation dictionary of the composer.

Russian Animalism in Relation to Other Genres of Fine Art in the History of Russian Culture of the 18th—19th Centuries

The article deals with the historical-cultural topic of relations of the Russian animalism with other genres of fine art of the 18th and 19th centuries. When the features of animalistic art were identified as a peculiar and characteristic phenomenon open to interaction, animalism became an original page of Russian culture. The author refers to this topic in connection with the small number of complex studies in the field of animalism. The purpose of the article is to consider the specific features of animalism, as a characteristic original phenomenon of Russian artistic culture, in the context of the existing genre system of the two designated periods. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the issues of interaction and integration are very significant in historical and modern artistic practice. The demonstration of such “communications” on the example of Russian animalistic painting, graphics, and sculpture further enriches and diversifies the sphere of Russian art, giving it the character of integrity and national color.The article presents a review of Russian and foreign literature on this topic, indicates that animalism entered the system of genres of Russian art of the 18th—19th centuries as a special “genus” of it, showing an independent status. For two centuries, artists set their task to create an animal’s image in the sphere of the natural reality they observed. The nature they perceived and the animals in it were reflected in different genres of fine art. In the 18th century, when the Academy of Arts and related classes were organized in Russia, animals and birds began to be depicted in historical, battle, landscape paintings, and still lifes. Wild and domestic animals appeared in paintings by foreign and Russian masters. In the 19th century, the horse became one of the most preferred characters in portraiture and sculpture (along with the historical and landscape genre). The author concludes that the historical realities of that time highlighted that image and determined the formation of a separate “hippic genre”.

Exploration of Human-Bird Relationships: Oromo Proverbs Associated with the Northern Ground-Hornbill in Ethiopia

Knowledge and understanding about the cultural values of animal species aids to make informed conservation decisions. However, such information is lacking for many species globally due to resource constraints to collect ethnobiological data using traditional ethnographic survey approaches. In this study, a netnography research approach was employed to identify and interpret the meanings and sociocultural functions of Ethiopian Oromo society’s proverbs associated with different features of the Northern Ground-hornbill (Bucorvus abyssinicus), a vulnerable bird species. On 19 March 2019, a photo of the Northern Ground-hornbill and textual questions asking the local name and Oromo proverbs associated with the bird was posted on a popular Facebook community page, which then was shared by 261 Facebook users during the data collection peroid. Data used for this study were therefore text comments posted by Facebook users in response to this post. Data colletion involved both observation and participation techniques. In total, 332 distnict text comment posts from 59 Facebook pages (229 comments from the original page post and 93 from 58 Facebook pages who shared the original post) were downloaded on 27 December 2019 and analyzed. A thematic content analysis approach was applied to code and categorize the important concepts elucidating proverbial uses associated with the bird. Then, hermeneutic interpretive approach was followed to interpret the meanings and functions of the proverbs identified. In total, 16 Oromo proverbs associated with four Hornbill’s features (song, social interaction, habit and morphology) were identified and described. The proverbs appeared to have significant sociocultural functions, such as reflecting Oromo customary practices; correcting misbehavior/malpractices and settlement of disagreements; and reinforcement of solidarity and tolerances. These findings suggest that the Hornbill is a culturally significant bird species to the Oromo society where proverbs related to the species are used in constructing healthy social relationships. In conclusion, results of this study contribute to our understanding of the ways in which humans use a bird species’ traits in their daily communications.

SOCIO-POLITICAL ASPECTS OF O. VORONIN’S ACTIVITY DURING THE YEARS OF CELEBRATING THE MILLENNIUM OF THE BAPTISM OF RUS-UKRAINE (1984–1989)

The article describes the socio-political aspects of one of the brightest representatives of the Ukrainian Diaspora in the United States – O. Voronin, during the contradictory for Soviet policy and turbulent for the Ukrainian national revival – the 80s of the twentieth century. This activity is shown against the background of the celebration of the Millennium anniversary of the Baptism of Rus-Ukraine by the Ukrainian Diaspora. O. Voronin was an active researcher and popularizer of the history of the Ukrainian Church, a tireless and sacrificial devotee of preserving the memory of the bright and original pages of the Ukrainian past. His activities were aimed at bringing the truth to Ukrainian society, which was still captive to communist illusions, about the tragic and heroic pages of Ukrainian history, the destruction of the Ukrainian church by the Russian imperial and Soviet political systems. His conclusions raised the opinion of Ukrainians to the realization of the need and great value of the Ukrainian autocephalous church and state independence. Voronin’s activity was a noticeable and highly appreciated phenomenon in the Ukrainian Diaspora. This is evidenced by numerous reports in the magazine «Freedom» – the oldest and most authoritative publication of Ukrainians in the United States. The content of his work is revealed in the publications published on the pages of the magazine «Modernity» and «Ukrainian Orthodox Calendar». The significance of O. Voronin’s work became the basis for his inclusion in the Committee for the Scientific Congress of the Millennium of the Baptism of Rus-Ukraine (988–1988) and in the Commission of the UOC US Metropolitan Council for the Organization and Provision of Radio Broadcasting in Ukraine. O. Voronin’s activity in the centre of the metropolis - South Bound Bruce - was connected with the realization of the fundamental historical-documentary and memorial edition «Martyrology of Ukrainian Churches», scientific-educational and historical-cultural conference on the occasion of the Millennium Baptism of Rus-Ukraine, honouring the fallen for Ukraine heroes, prominent church figures who sought the unity of Ukrainians.

State of the Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science

The IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science (TBIOM) has already completed two successful years of publication. This issue marks the start of year three! For 2019, the IEEE Biometrics Council was able to arrange an additional increment beyond our initial page budget for the year. As a result, TBIOM published 23 papers plus several editorials in 2019. For 2020, the Biometrics Council was able to again arrange an increment beyond our original page budget, and TBIOM published 34 papers plus several editorials in 2020. A sharp increase in page budget is planned for 2021, to handle a further increase in the number of papers published.

Exploration of human-bird relationships: Oromo proverbs associated with the Northern Ground-hornbill in Ethiopia

Abstract Knowledge and understanding about the cultural values of animal species aids to make informed conservation decisions. However, such information is lacking for many species globally due to resource constraints to collect ethno-biological data using traditional ethnographic survey approaches. In this study, a netnography research approach was employed to identify and interpret the meanings and sociocultural functions of Ethiopian Oromo society's proverbs associated with different features of the Northern Ground-hornbill (Bucorvus abyssinicus), a vulnerable bird species. On 19 March 2019, a photo of the Northern Ground-hornbill and textual questions asking the local name and Oromo proverbs associated with the bird was posted on a popular Facebook community page, which then was shared by 261 Facebook users during the data collection period. Data used for this study were therefore text comments posted by Facebook users in response to this post. Data collection involved both observation and participation techniques. In total, 332 distinct text comment posts from 59 Facebook pages (229 comments from the original page post and 93 from 58 Facebook pages who shared the original post) were downloaded on 27 December 2019 and analysed. A thematic content analysis approach was applied to code and categorize the important concepts elucidating proverbial uses associated with the bird. Then, hermeneutic interpretive approach was followed to interpret the meanings and functions of the proverbs identified. In total, 16 Oromo proverbs associated with four Hornbill's features (call, social interaction, habit and morphology) were identified and described. The proverbs appeared to have significant sociocultural functions, such as reflecting Oromo customary practices; correcting misbehaviour/malpractices and settlement of disagreements; and reinforcement of solidarity and tolerances. These findings suggest that the Hornbill is a culturally significant bird species to the Oromo society where proverbs related to the species are used in constructing healthy social relationships. In conclusion, results of this study contribute to our understanding of the strong links existing between humans and their local biodiversity and the ways in which humans use a bird species' traits in their daily communications.

Optical Character Reader & Text To Speech Conversion using Correlations & Speech Synthesis

In the modern era of image processing, recognizing content or information from an image is process of electronic conversion into machine encoded text. Advanced systems that are capable of producing high accuracy for multi-font recognition are now becoming commonplace, and with the support of digital consent formatting. Some programs are able to retrieve formats that are very close to the original page including images, columns, and other non-text items. Proposed system is able to recognize text from an image and convert it into editable text along with speech conversion. System uses Correlation model for OCR (Optical Character Recognition) and Speech Synthesis for TTS (Text To Speech) conversion. Correlation is a measurement of the similarities between two similar objects such as the predefined alphabets and recognizing a combination of those alphabets from an image. Speech synthesis is an artificial expression of human speech. The computer program that has been used this feature is called a speech computer as well as speech synthesizer that can be implemented on the basis of software or hardware primitives. The text-to-speech system (TTS) converts a standard language text into a speech; some programs provide figurative language presentations such as typed text in speech. System is capable enough to acquire high level of accuracy with less false recognition. It is required to built an effective text scanner that can recognize text from an image with less error rate. System has been implemented in MATLAB and various pre-processing filters have been applied for better enhancement and extraction. Hand written text can also be recognized with an effective manner.

Comparison of non-parametric tests of ordered alternatives for repeated measures in randomized blocks

Page, Jonckheere, Hollander tests are the most common non-parametric tests for ordered alternative pattern in randomized blocks where contain independent observations. However, when randomized blocks include correlated observations, properties of null distribution for these tests under independence cannot be applied to the situations where randomized blocks contain dependent observations. Circular bootstrap versions of these tests are suggested to test for ordered alternative hypothesis in randomized blocks which include correlated measurements when the underlying distributions are not known. In this study the effect of correlation coefficient, number of treatment/time point and block sizes on type 1 error and power values of some existing non-parametric test statistics based on the circular bootstrap method are taken into consideration with a stationary auto regressive process. The significance levels and power values of these tests based on circular bootstrap method are simulated by using the statistical software package R, 3.4.2. Based on findings in the simulation study, circular bootstrap version of original Page Test provides better power values among other trend statistics. Finally, these circular bootstrap-based non-parametric tests are applied to a real life dataset.

The Journal of Burma Studies

About the Cover Catherine Raymond Click for larger view View full resolution [End Page i] Cover Illustration of a Yang Hsek couple with a child. From a bound album entitled “Tribes of Burma,” ca. 1900, artist unknown. Watercolor on paper. Courtesy of Burma Collections, Center for Burma Studies, Northern Illinois University. This is a hand-painted illustration of a Yang Hsek couple, one of the names given to the Karen ethnic group. The couple is recognizable by their iconic garments, which feature a long vertical red-and-white-striped cotton tunic worn by mothers and their children. Yang refers to Karen in Shan, while Kariang is the Siamese rendering of the name. Above the couple and their child (not visible on the cover of this issue), the word Yang Hsek is written in pencil in three different languages from left to right: Southern Shan, Burmese, and Tai Khuen, as well as English, apparently added later in black ink. In the middle of the page and written in Burmese, the number “13” indicates the original page number in the album. This representation comes from a rare illustrated album, encompassing twenty-two plates of twenty-two other ethnic groups living in the Eastern part of Burma where these languages were heard. This album is undated and includes no further information regarding its provenance, but we can assume that it came from the Kengtung area, Eastern Shan States (in the extreme Northeast of Burma) where similar albums were found, and where the groups represented in this album used to live. This bound album made of paper gives detailed visual depictions of couples from a wide range of ethnic groups of this area with their specific attire and accessories such as the earrings, the woven bamboo basket on her back, the hair band, the pipe, the tools, and so on. This type of album was probably produced by a local artist, sometime in the twentieth century who may have had access to previous albums done locally and likely intended for a European clientele then living in British Burma.1 Such albums had a long tradition in Guizhou provinces in China where they were known as the Miao Album since the eighteenth century. During the nineteenth century it became a commodity highly appreciated by missionaries and travelers. Acquired by Northern Illinois University (NIU) in 2005 to celebrate their second millionth volume, this album is now in the Rare Book and Special Collections at the NIU Founders Memorial Library. [End Page ii] Footnotes 1. C. Raymond. “An Ethnographic Illustration of Wa People in British Burma during the Early 20th century: Notes on A Shan Album from the NIU Burma Collection, with Reference to Similar Illustrations from Other Sources,” The Journal of Burma Studies, 17, no. 1 (2013) 221–41. Copyright © 2020 Center for Burma Studies, Northern Illinois University

Performance Optimization for Mobile Web

Abstract Most of the existing web pages have poor visibility, high bounce rates, and low conversion rates due to performance issues on mobile devices. The aim of this research work is to develop a framework which optimizes the performance of mobile web. The primary technology used in the framework is Google’s AMP (Accelerated Mobile Pages). The proposed framework converts a non-AMP web page into an AMP compliant web page, with additional feature of internationalization, and caches it on cloud for future reference. The proposed framework is tested on various content rich sites and performance of converted AMP pages is com- pared with original pages based on various parameters likes first meaningful paint, first interactive, etc.

Research on the load balancing strategy for original pages based on cloud storage

ABSTRACTLoad balance plays an important role in the information acquisition system’s performance. Especially in the state of cloud storage, the load balance is well done, which is conducive to the full utilization of computing resources and reduces the response time of distributed operations. The internal mechanism of original page load balance is given based on the analysis of the two recent commonly used dynamic load balance methods. Five original page oriented load balancing strategies are compared from the experimental and theoretical perspectives on the premise of calculating load index. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that date channel storage calculation sensitive partition is the most optimal load partition strategy.

Enhanced Web Page Ranking Method Using Laplacian Centrality

In today's era of computer technology where users want not only the most relevant data but they also want the data as quickly as possible. Hence, ranking web pages becomes a crucial task. The purpose of this research is to find a centrality measure that can be used in place of original page rank. In this article concept of Laplacian centrality measure for directed web graph has been introduced to identify the web page ranks. Comparison between the original page rank and Laplacian centrality based Page rank has been made. Kendall's correlation co-efficient has been used as a measure to find the correlation between the original page rank and Laplacian centrality measure based page rank.