Original Identity Research Articles

Sociological Foundation of Pancasila Education as the Original Identity of Indonesian Society

. The purpose of writing this article is to understand the sociological foundation of Pancasila education as the original identity of Indonesian society. A sociological foundation is a foundation that relies on the interaction between individuals with fundamental values in society. Pancasila is described as the norm of ethics because based on Pancasila are moral values. This type of research uses qualitative description. The results of the discussion on the sociological basis of Pancasila education as the original identity of Indonesian society is the basis of a basic or focused explanation contained on an aspect of social sciences that teaches about the values of Pancasila that live and develop in local wisdom customs in Indonesia. Conclusion The sociological foundation of Pancasila as the traditional identity of Indonesian society is Pancasila a formulation of values rooted in the value of values contained and derived from various values in the ethnic group in Indonesia. Keywords: Sociology Foundation; Pancasila Education; Indigenous Tradition Identity Abstrak. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah memahami landasan sosiologis pendidikan Pancasila sebagai identitas asli masyarakat Indonesia. Landasan sosiologis merupakan landasan yang bertumpu pada interaksi antar individu satu dengan lainnya dengan nilai-nilai yang fundamental dalam masyarakat. Pancasila dijabarkan sebagai norma etik karena pada dasar Pancasila adalah nilai-nilai moral. Jenis Penelitian ini menggunakan deskripstif kualitatif. Hasil pembahasan pada landasan sosiologis pendidikan Pancasila sebagai identitas asli masyarakat Indonesia yaitu landasan sebuah dasar atau tumpuan penjelasan yang terkandung mengenai suatu aspek ilmu sosial yang mengajarkan tentang nilai-nilai pada Pancasila yang hidup dan berkembang dalam kearifan lokal adat istiadat di Indonesia. Kesimpulan Landasan sosiologis yang berjiwa Pancasila sebagai identitas tradisi masyarakat Indonesia adalah Pancasila sebuah rumusan nilai-nilai yang berakar dalam penghayatan nilai yang terkandung dan berasal dari berbagai nilai pada suku bangsa di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: Landasan Sosiologi; Pendidikan Pancasila; Identitas Tradisi Masyarakat Asli

Restore DeepFakes video frames via identifying individual motion styles

Recent advance on highly realistic AI-synthesised video approaches makes it hard to distinguish whether a speaker in video is real. Many existing DeepFakes detection approaches can be invalidated by using them as supervision in adversarial training, which in turn improves the performance of DeepFakes. This makes the problem a dilemma. However, human can recognise the identity of familiar persons by observing their motion styles. Inspired by this, the paper proposes a novel method to recognise original speaker's identity clues in DeepFakes videos by learning individual motion styles. As a biological signature, motion styles can neither be used in the training process of DeepFakes nor be modified to deceive detection methods without reducing realistic performance. Also, this paper proposes a novel pipeline to continuously restore the original frames from DeepFakes videos without knowing the DeepFakes approach in advance. Based on above ideas, our scheme makes it possible to restore DeepFakes videos. Through training the cross-modal transfer module, the appearance embedding can be inferred from the identity code. Extensive experiments are conducted to reveal the effectiveness of the method, it shows for the first time that the original persons can be identified automatically and the original video from DeepFakes videos can be generated.

Urban sustainability: Analysis on urban scale of Temuco Chile

<p>Cities develop in an excessive and disorderly way, losing their original characteristic identity and function. As a response to the deconstruction of the city, sustainable urban design came into being. This study evaluated the performance and sustainability level of Temuco community. The study was conducted in four sectors of the city, which are symbols and representatives of different stages of urban expansion. Through a set of urban design index standards including economic, social and environmental variables, the development of the community and the quality of life of its residents are evaluated. The results show that the Abraham Lincoln community has a better sustainability index, gathering a group that encourages sustenance and the availability of necessities nearby. The study found that new and old neighborhoods have deficiencies in neighborhood sustainability.</p>

ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЫ

Modern research on the sustainability of the urban environment mainly focuses on environmental factors like water, air, energy and transport, while urban identity rarely attracts attention. The concept of sustainability, which includes the identity of the urban environment, combines a wide range of factors, including urban planning and architectural objects, natural, geographical, cultural products and social norms. With modern architectural and urban development and globalization, cities are increasingly facing the problem of losing their original identity. In the context of the concept of the identity of the urban environment considered in this study, the role of urban planning objects, architecture and culture in the formation and maintenance of the unique identity of the city of Astrakhan and the need for considerable attention to the resource of identity for the development of the city and the region is stressed.

Who Do You Think You Are?: DNA and Jewish American Ipseity

Who Do You Think You Are?:DNA and Jewish American Ipseity Laurie Zoloth (bio) REVIEW ESSAY DNA Test Results Videos 23andMe, https://www.youtube.com/user/23andMe There is a small town in Tennessee where the people think that they are Turkish, or rather that they are a tribe of people, called Melungeons, that is descended from Turkish sailors, who sailed with a Portuguese crew, or perhaps with Francis Drake, in the 1700s, and ended up in coastal Virginia, and from there walked into the woods of the Appalachian ridge, where their descendants live today. In fact, they are sure of it. They look, it is true, unlike many of their neighbors—darker skin, curly hair. For many years, they said they were Portuguese, then settled on Turkish. There is a book about this story, The Resurrection of a Proud People: The Melungeons written in 1994 and reprinted in 1997, and another, From Anatolia to Appalachia: A Turkish American Dialogue, written in 2003; their author, local historian Brent Kennedy, also claims Melungeon ancestry. Although Kennedy "cannot prove his theories and ideas to a 100 percent, in his heart, he feels himself to be of Turkish descent."1 Of course, when the Turks heard of this, they were delighted, and the Turkish ambassador, it is said, awarded the community a special plaque. Visits were arranged. I first heard about Melungeons when bioethicist Carl Elliott and I were co-PIs on an NIH grant, one intended to research the ethical implications that would occur when the human genome project was unrolled, and we would enter a "new era of genetic medicine." We were curious to understand if genome mapping would change earlier ideas about family, [End Page 455] origin narratives, history and identity. It was in the early 2000s, and we invited Bennett Greenspan, then just proposing the idea of commercial ancestry testing, to talk to us, along with Melungeon informants and an assortment of scientists. There were a lot of claims about Jewish ancestry then—an African tribe, the Lemba, claimed Jewish heritage, and then there were all those people in New Mexico, who were coming up with narratives about elderly relatives lighting candles in the basement and that meant they were really secret Jews. Our Melungeon informants too told me: "You know the real secret, don't you, the Melungeons are Jews!" The anthropologist I interviewed for the project was a skeptic. "People will go a long way to prove they are not Black," she sighed. (It turned out that the claim about being a Lost Tribe was especially common in communities where a Protestant missionary had at some point taught Hebrew Scripture—who wouldn't want to be the Israelites?) We were curious to understand how elaborate genealogical narratives, ones that told of endurance, true love across time, and exotic encounters that played out in the ordinary worlds of Tennessee mountain towns and New Mexican desert landscapes, would survive. Twenty and so years later, of course, all the beautiful stories, all the Lost Tribes and the lost Jews have been refracted and reframed just as we suspected they might, by the language and calculus of genetics. So now, instead of faint memories of lost candle lighters or the search for Mogen Davids on tombstones, we have YouTube videos of people who have sent their saliva away and gotten an answer that seems far more sciencey: a little chart with numbers and percentages. One YouTube video shows the actor Mayim Bialik revealing her 23andMe results, in which she makes jokes about her body and her character, both of which are "in her DNA," with the certainty that a medieval theologian would locate them in the soul. Indeed, the DNA code and the percentages have become the stand-in for the idea that deep within each of us, unseen, yet powerfully determinative, is a secret, inner self, an authentic self, our "really real," untouched by history, or context, or our actual choices. "It can tell you why you cry at commercials with puppies," says Bialik, "but what if I am really a boy?" She finds out that her "genetic muscle composition is common in elite power athletes!" and after reading off...

Interpretation of national identity in the Chinese translation of the novel “Navoi” (in the example of Wang Jeng Jong’s translation)

The article discusses the extent to which the translator of the novel “Navoi” in Chinese, Wang Jeng Jong, has preserved the original national identity. In China, for example, such vibrating devices have long been used to put a child to sleep. The first swings in China carved the dried wood inside the tree so that it could fit a child, and laid the child in carved wood and shook it. Therefore, the translator must “preserve the spirit of the original when translating works, so that the golden powder of art in them shines in the translation” [2]. There is also a special symbolic meaning in the text when the father puts the dagger under the baby pillow. The dagger is a symbol of courage. There is a belief that a child holding a dagger under his pillow will not be afraid, and a dagger will protect him from various troubles.

Donner corps à l’Inde médiévale. Les formes féminines dans la sculpture paramāra au XIe siècle

In this article, we propose a review of the historiography of a famous early medieval Indian sculpture, the Ambikā from Dhār, now housed in the British Museum in London. It has so far been studied mainly for its iconography and inscription, which dates it to the reign of Bhoja of the Paramāra dynasty. Our knowledge of it is completed with a detailed analysis of its style, which accounts for the originality of a dynastic Paramāra art in 11th-century Mālava. The sculpture also serves as a starting point for an encompassing study of the protean character of Paramāra period art, whose main argument is the representation of the female body. Our findings about the dynamics between styles and local idioms within the Paramāra kingdom enrich our understanding of the political and social mechanisms of the early medieval period. They show how an original regional identity is created in the service of the Paramāra state apparatus.

Multi-Level Difference Repair Architecture for Face Hallucination

Facial hallucination (FH) aims to construct super-resolution (SR) face images based on the corresponding low-resolution (LR) thumbnails. The desired results of FH require correct identity and photorealistic image quality, however, developing a method that satisfies both requirements remains challenging. Although the lifelike faces predicted by some existing methods, such as PULSE, are impressive, the loss of original identity is unacceptable. In view of the deficiency of PULSE, in this letter we incorporate a conditional constraint to its unsupervised pixel recovery process. Specifically, we embed a PULSE generator within the Laplacian pyramid framework and install a corresponding pre-trained conditional adversarial net (CGAN) at each pyramid level to predict the difference between the reconstructed SR image obtained by PULSE and the ground truth. The difference is added to the reconstructed SR image at each level to obtain a new SR image that is closer to the ground truth, such a process is repeated across the subsequent levels until a full-resolution version is yielded. Extensive experiments have demonstrated that our architecture can obtain a realistic high-resolution (HR) face with a correct identity, which is not possible obtained by other FH methods before.

New Identity in Local Community-owned Woven Fabrics in Tuban, East Java, Indonesia

The tradition of weaving fabrics by the local community in Tuban, East Java, Indonesia began in the 11th century and until now is considered an important part of the identity of the community. In the current conditions, the tradition of making traditional woven fabrics has persisted without improvements in terms of design, technique, function and products. However, the modern context has brought about a new lifestyle in Tuban that is no longer entirely traditional. Therefore, traditional woven fabrics also need a new identity that is compatible with the current conditions while still being connected to the original identity. This was done in the current research by developing visual novelty for the traditional woven fabrics of Tuban using an experimental method. Alternative processes and techniques of weaving were used to produce weavings with a variety of textures. In the development process, keeping elements that are traditionally valued by the local community was a major concern in order to retain the original character of the fabrics while adding novel elements.

Bosphorus Coastal Road and Settlements Between Beşiktaş and Bebek in 1939 Plan

PurposeThe aim of the study is to question whether this plan, which was signed by Henri Prost and showing the settlements between Beşiktaş and Bebek on the European side of the Bosphorus in detail and explains them in cross-sections, is implemented or not, and to reveal the effect of the plan on the formation of current state of the Bosphorus coasts. In the study, which decisions are taken during the planning process are also questioned.Design/Methodology/ApproachIn the study, the city centers of Beşiktaş, Ortaköy, Arnavutköy, Kuruçeşme, Bebek and the settlements between them and the conditions of the coastal road before, in and after 1939 are examined with the help of maps and aerial photographs. With the aerial photographs that have survived until today, the physical change of the urban texture over time and its current situation are also revealed.FindingsAs a result of the examination, it was determined that most of the plan, which was approved in 1939, was implemented between 1956-1958, during the Menderes period. In this process, many settlements lost their original urban texture, historical structures, and architectural identities. It can be said that the seeds of the pile road, which was built during the Dalan period and cut the connection of the mansions with the sea, was planted with this plan. It was also possible to obtain some clues about the planning approach of the Prost period from this plan. Accordingly, it can be listed as opening squares, turning dead-end streets into streets, widening the streets, and cleansing industrial-related spaces from the coastline. The fact that these plan decisions are encountered in other regions of Istanbul during the Prost period, suggests that although Prost did not draw the 1939 plan, it had a share in its design.Research Limitations/ImplicationsDue to the lack of a clear aerial photograph or map after 1939 until 1955, the year in which the changes foreseen in this plan were applied could not be determined clearly, and the time interval was stated.Originality/ValueThis plan, being one of the first steps of the Bosphorus coastal regulations on the European side, is an original document that has not been evaluated in previous research. This plan was drawn when Henri Prost was working as an urban planning specialist in the Istanbul Municipality Zoning Directorate and it bears the signature of Prost's approval.

Nomenclatural and taxonomic comments on some taxa of Chenopodiaceae of the Himalayas and Tibet/Xizang

Nomenclatural corrections and comments are provided on several taxa of Chenopodiaceae occurring in the Himalayas and Xizang/Tibet and adjacent areas, following the recent monographic revision of the family in that region and earlier publications. In particular, the original identity of the name Atriplex bengalensis (Chenopodium bengalense) is discussed and it is confirmed, based on additional evidence, that the name was originally (before its epitypification in 2014) applicable to a robust diploid of the Chenopodium ficifolium aggregate, not to the robust hexaploid currently known as C. giganteum. It is thus also concluded that the recent proposal by Mosyakin and Mandák (2018) to conserve the name C. giganteum with a conserved type corresponding to the current understanding and application of that name will best serve nomenclatural stability. A nomenclatural solution alternative to the proposal to reject the name A. bengalensis might be the following: (1) to conserve the name Atriplex bengalensis with a conserved C. ficifolium against C. bengalense. The nomenclaturally paradoxical situation with the names Chenopodium pallidum, C. harae, and Atriplex pallida (all now considered homotypic, as justified by Mosyakin and McNeill in 2018), which emerged from the conflicting lectotypification and epitypification of the name C. pallidum, is revisited and reconsidered. Possible options for dealing with that nomenclatural problem are outlined: (1) keeping the status quo, (2) proposing to conserve the name C. pallidum with a conserved type other than the standing lectotype, and (3) proposing to reject the name C. pallidum. The last option is considered preferable. Additional considerations are presented on a possible taxonomic identity of Chenopodium strictum as originally described by Roth; it is confirmed that that name was misapplied to a widespread Eurasian tetraploid species now properly known as C. betaceum. The identity of the name Bassia fiedleri is discussed; being a replacement name for Echinopsilon divaricatum, it is homotypic with Bassia divaricata (Kar. & Kir.) Kuntze (nom. illeg., non F. Muell.) and is a taxonomic synonym of Grubovia dasiphylla (as correctly stated by Kadereit and Freitag in 2011), but not a synonym of Bassia scoparia. Several comments on type designations of selected taxa of Chenopodiaceae from the Sino-Himalayan region are provided as well; e.g., for Acroglochin persicarioides and associated names, Chenopodium karoi, and Salsola monoptera.

LITERASI BUDAYA : KAJIAN NILAI FILOSOFIS KAULINAN CINGCIRIPIT DAN PEMANFAATNNYA SEBAGAI SARANA PENGUATAN KARAKTER PADA ORANG DEWASA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai nilai-nilai filosofis kaulinan urang lembur sebagai identitas asli masyarakat Sunda yang diimplementasikan pada kegiatan pembelajaran literasi budaya di lembaga pendidikan masyarakat ECO Bambu Cipaku Bandung. Selain itu, juga mendeskripsikan penguatan nilai-nilai karakter melalui media kaulinan urang lembur pada orang dewasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat nilai filosofis pada kaulinan cingciripit yang sangat berkaitan dengan identitas masyarakat Sunda yaitu sikap optimisme. Muatan nilai-nilai karakter pada kaulinan cingciripit ditemukan dalam setiap gerak dan aktivitas bermain serta dimanfaatkan untuk program penguatan karakter bagi orang dewasa yang mengikuti pembelajaran di ECO Bambu Cipaku. Pada hakikatnya, nilai-nilai kehidupan dan nilai karakter yang tertuang dalam setiap gerakan dan aktivitas kaulinan urang lembur: kaulinan cingciripit tersebut dapat menstimulus individu agar dapat terus bekerjasama, fokus kreatif, disiplin, sabar, dan pantang menyerah dalam menjalani kehidupan. Melalui kegiatan literasi budaya yang diselenggarakan oleh ECO Bambu Cipaku dapat memberikan sumbangsih terhadap individu untuk mempertahankan kebudayaan khusunya daerah Sunda.

Religious Revival as Basis of the Modern Kryashen National Movement

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the religious factor in the development of the sub-ethnic national movement studying the case of the Kryashens. The study is based on Jose Casanova’s concept of the religious revival. Following Casanova, the author assumes that religious identity can become the basis of an ethnic identity only if religion transforms from a state-oriented institution into an institution oriented towards the society and actively participating in its improvement. At the same time, revealing the dynamic nature of the formation of the (sub)ethnic groups, the author relies on the ethnosymbolic concept of John Hutchinson, which focuses on the importance of the ethnically significant symbols. In the case of the Kryashens a religious marker represents such a symbol. The article examines in detail two stages of the Kryashens’ religious revival. The first stage occurred in the second half of the 19th century and was associated primarily with the missionary activity of Nikolay Ilminsky. The second stage started in 1989 and continues today. The research carried out by the author lends unequivocal support to the idea that religion played a key role in the formation of an original Kryashen ethno-cultural identity. At the same time, it shows that within Kryashens’ religiosity the vector is directed from society to religion rather than from religion to society. Their religious identity is instrumental. However, although there are very few ultra-religious people in the Kryashen community and most of the Kryashens are secularized, religion remains one of the most important markers of their ethnic identity.

ACCULTURATION ELEMENTS ON SANG CIPTA RASA AND PANJUNAN RED MOSQUE

Acculturation is a phenomenon of mixing up the local culture with one or more external cultures, which produces a unique new culture without leaving its original cultural identity. In architecture, acculturation can form new styles that can then develop into a more contemporary architectural form. Cirebon, as one of the geographically strategic areas, is a place where acculturation often occurs. As a city that holds a lot of history, including architecture, the mosques in Cirebon can be the forerunner of the Old Javanese Mosques throughout the Archipelago. The style of the old Cirebon mosques is the result of the acculturation of various cultures. This research explores acculturation in ancient mosques in Cirebon through the Sang Cipta Rasa Mosque and the Panjunan Red Mosque. This research aims to identify acculturation in the object of study through physical element analysis. It can be seen what makes these two study objects become the "face" of the old mosque in Cirebon. Through literature review and observation, it is found that the physical elements of the two study objects were the result of a synthesis of Javanese, Islamic, Hindu-Buddhism, and Chinese architecture.

STRATEGI AKULTURASI DAN HASIL PEMBUDAYAAN BERBEZA DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR ANTARABANGSA UNIVERSITI AWAM MALAYSIA

Acculturation is understood as a continuation of the process of accepting foreign cultural elements without losing the original cultural identity. Visibility as a result of acculturation culture is more easily achieved with the inclusion of material elements such as the process of borrowing language, the influence of clothing and food. Yet non-material cultural elements such as ideology and thought are more difficult to materialised. Therefore, the focus of the discussion of this paper is to identify the process of acculturation and different cultural outcomes based on mergers, clashes, or cultural isolation. This paper focuses on empirical data obtained from in-depth interviews with a group of international students currently studying at Public Universities of Malaysia. The selection of narrative quotations based on the views of the informants was used to support the acculturation strategies adapted by the group. Four public universities of Malaysia were selected based on the classification of the universities, the background of the establishment of the university, and the annual enrolment of international students. The application of semi-structured interview methods was implemented by utilizing an inductive analysis approach. The results of the study presented five different strategies and cultural outcomes, namely (i) Assimilation of Developing Relationships with New Culture, (ii) Separation of Values and Characteristics of Indigenous Culture Based on Denial of Influence of New Culture, (iii) New Culture and Marginalisation of Indigenous Culture in Daily Life Practices, (iv) Integration of Preservation of Native Culture in Exploring New Culture and (iv) Transmutation of New and Old Culture in the Production of Alternative Culture. The new findings of this study had proven that the acculturation strategies used by the international student group at Public Universities of Malaysia have given different implications for the results of collateralisation. Some of the factors that contributed to the acceptance and rejection of acculturation are the age of young international students who are around the early twenties and therefore immature, educational background and family influence, status as a foreigner who does not reside for a long time in the host country, the cultural distance between the country of origin and the host country as well as justification for student mobility aimed at furthering their studies abroad.

Framing Film-Induced Tourism into a Sustainable Perspective from Romania, Indonesia and Malaysia

This paper is particularly focused on film-induced tourism investigation as well as its cultural promotion and cultural change effect that impact on both the tourist destinations and the tourist demands. The case studies include the famous Transylvania, Romania as well as the two comparative destinations in Southeast Asia namely Bali in Indonesia, and Penang in Malaysia. Although tourism planners have limited control over the content of the films produced in the respective destinations and how the destinations are being portrayed in films, it is reflected in our studies that, the imaginary, visual representations of the destinations, albeit negative or distorted from their original identities, are still useful and viable to promote the tourist destinations. The three discussion cases form up the stratification of multiple stages in terms of implementing film-induced tourism strategies to promote their destinations, spanning from one of the oldest film-induced tourist destinations Transylvania, to an over decade-long film-induced destination Ubud in Bali, to a sprouting film-induced destination George Town in Penang. Such a stratification of three comparable destinations leads to both the vertical and horizontal evaluation of the effectiveness of film-induced tourism strategies. Hence, a methodology of multiple-case study with mixed-methods characterised by a set of differing qualitative research approaches will be adopted to the three distinctive destinations, respectively. Emerging markets require new techniques and strategies of marketing, especially in the unsettled post-COVID-19 era. Findings may be useful to destination managers in planning an effective destination image strategy in order to achieve the most sustainable positive impacts and aligning the films’ image of the destination with the desired image and the potential audience reach.

An Example of Primary School Buildings in Akçakoca, Belongs to Early Republican Period: Orhan Gazi Primary School

Cumhuriyet’in ilanıyla birlikte birçok alanda köklü değişimler yaşanmaya başlamıştır. Eğitim ve mimarlık değişimlerin hızlı yaşandığı alanların başında gelmektedir. Eğitim, halkın bilinçlenmesi açısından önemli bir role sahipken; mimarlık ise modernitenin mekânsal temsili açısından kritik rol oynamaktadır. Dolayısıyla, Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde eğitim yapılarının birçok açıdan önemli misyonlara sahip olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Temel eğitimin verildiği ilkokullar ise; diğer kademelerdeki eğitim kurumlarından daha öncelikli olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Halkın çoğunluğunun henüz okuma-yazma bilmiyor olması nedeniyle; hızlı bir şekilde okur-yazar oranının arttırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte; Cumhuriyet ilkelerine bağlı ilköğretim okullarının yaygınlaştırılarak herkesin ilkokul eğitimi alması hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda; kentlerde, kasabalarda ve köylerde yeni okul binaları tasarlanarak inşa edilmiştir. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında inşa edilen eğitim yapıları; I. Ulusal Mimarlık Dönemi olarak adlandırılan mimari üslubu yansıtmaktadır. Çalışmaya konu olan Orhan Gazi İlkokulu da bahsedilen misyonla Akçakoca’da 1. Ulusal Mimarlık Üslubunun özellikleriyle inşa edilmiştir. Çalışmayla amaçlanan; dönemin mimari özellikleri paralelinde incelenen yapının Düzce ve Akçakoca’nın Erken Cumhuriyet dönemi mimarlık üretimine ışık tutması ve daha sonra yapılacak çalışmalara örnek teşkil etmesidir.

Should a family firm communicate their family identity and country of origin? A cross-cultural study from Chile and Spain

PurposeThis paper investigates the influence of firms' communication in terms of family firm identity and country-of-origin on consumer response.Design/methodology/approachA self-supplied online experiment in Chile and Spain is employed using as dependent variables brand trust and intention to buy. The experiment includes the following factors: family firm identity (family vs non-family), country of origin (national vs foreign) and as a manipulation check (type of product: hedonic vs utilitarian).FindingsThe results indicate that communicating the family firm identity increases brand trust and purchase intention. Consumers show higher scores on trust and purchase intention when exposed to national country of origin products. The effect of the variability on the dependent variables is greater when the family firm identity is communicated. Trust and purchase intention are different in Chilean and Spanish consumers when the family firm identity is combined with a national country of origin cue.Originality/valueThis article contributes to family business theory by exploring how to capitalize on the family firm identity component in brand communication. It also contributes to the theory of corporate brand identity by proposing a communication model oriented toward consumer behavior. It also examines firms' communication (family firm identity and country-of-origin) on consumer.

Computational pipeline to probe NaV1.7 gain-of-function variants in neuropathic painful syndromes

Applications of machine learning and graph theory techniques to neuroscience have witnessed an increased interest in the last decade due to the large data availability and unprecedented technology developments. Their employment to investigate the effect of mutational changes in genes encoding for proteins modulating the membrane of excitable cells, whose biological correlates are assessed at electrophysiological level, could provide useful predictive clues. We apply this concept to the analysis of variants in sodium channel NaV1.7 subunit found in patients with chronic painful syndromes, by the implementation of a dedicated computational pipeline empowering different and complementary techniques including homology modeling, network theory, and machine learning. By testing three templates of different origin and sequence identities, we provide an optimal condition for its use. Our findings reveal the usefulness of our computational pipeline in supporting the selection of candidates for cell electrophysiology assay and with potential clinical applications.

Can We Detect Face Morphing to Prevent Identity Theft?

A relatively new type of identity theft uses morphed facial images in identification documents in which images of two individuals are digitally blended to create an image that maintains a likeness to each of the original identities. We examined people’s ability to detect facial morphing. We collected 3,500 passport-format facial images. This dataset consists of a diverse set of people across gender, age, and race. Convolutional neural network descriptors are used to extract a low-dimensional, perceptually meaningful, representation of each face. For each of 54 faces, these representations are used to find the most similar face in the dataset. A mid-way morph is generated between each pair of different individuals; another mid-way morph is generated between two different photos of the same individual. The morphs are manually edited to remove obvious artifacts. In Experiment 1a (all experiments, N=100), on each trial, participants viewed two images—an original image alongside a morph (from the same or different individual)—and indicated if they are of the same individual or not. Participants struggled to perform this task accurately and were biased to respond “same” (d’=0.68; B=1.81). In Experiment 1b we focused participants’ attention on the eye/nose/mouth regions and provided feedback on each trial. This did not improve sensitivity but led to a reduced bias (d’=0.58; B=1.09). In Experiment 2a, participants saw a single image—a morph or an original—and indicated if it was a morphed face or not. Participants performed only slightly above chance (d’=0.21; B=0.98). In Experiment 2b, when participants were informed of morphing artifacts to look out for and received feedback, performance improved slightly (d’=0.53; B=0.92). Preliminary results suggest that computational methods for face recognition may outperform humans but remain imperfect. Combined, these results suggest that face morphing might be a worryingly effective technique for committing identity theft.