Original Edition Research Articles

The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the refugee population: a rapid review.

This is a rapid review examining the available evidence about the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the refugee population. A search in the databases such as PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science was conducted and all relevant original articles, letters, and editorial and policy papers were included. From 208 publications matching the search criteria, 36 were included. These publications were categorized into three distinct domains: Public Health, Policies and Financing, and Technology. Our findings revealed that the situation of the refugee population has worsened during the pandemic. Difficulty accessing healthcare, violation of human rights, lack of access to technology devices, unfavorable government policies, and economic crisis were the most important aspects impacted by COVID-19. Governments, health managers, health professionals, and policy makers should be aware of refugees' problems during the pandemic to provide immediate solutions.

Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy

Ellis Island: A People's History

Ellis Island: A People's History

Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy

Possibilities and limits of reform (On the book by Thrainn Eggertsson “Imperfect institutions. Possibilities and limits of reform”)

The paper explains why, despite the publication of the original edition of the book in 2005, Eggertsson’s work is still relevant and why it should be studied not only by experts in institutional economics. The provisions of the research results on imperfect institutions are discussed, including the discussions of the institutional transformation of the Russian economy at the end of the 20th century. The issues of the relationship between social and production technologies, path dependency, social mental models and institutional changes are revealed, with an emphasis on the problems of the consequences of mass privatization in Russia, and on the transplantation of institutions following the ideas on the institutional structure of society.

CAR-macrophage: An extensive immune enhancer to fight cancer.

CAR-macrophage: An extensive immune enhancer to fight cancer.

Review of Max Wertheimer, Productive thinking.

Reviews the book, Max Wertheimer, Productive Thinking by Viktor Sarris (2020). This volume contains a reproduction of the original edition of Max Wertheimer's study of productive thinking, published posthumously in 1945, with a brief preface and a more extensive introduction by Viktor Sarris, Professor Emeritus of General Psychology and former holder of the Max Wertheimer Chair at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main. In his introduction, Sarris briefly summarizes the 1920 study, and then provides a chapter by chapter account of the 1945 volume's content, summarizing the results in a section called "Wertheimer's Credo." The original edition of Productive Thinking has been out of print for some time, as has a second edition, with an additional article by Wertheimer, published in 1959 by his son Michael Wertheimer, himself a professor of psychology. An expanded edition was published in 1982, but is now also out of print. This republication of the original text offers an opportunity to libraries as well as students of teachers of psychology to acquaint themselves with a classical study, which is infused with the lively spirit of inquiry characteristic of its author, but is more often cited than read. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Editorial introductions

Editorial introductions

К особенностям канонов в BWV 769 и 769a

J. S. Bach’s Canonic Variations are available in their original edition (BWV 769) and the autograph manuscript (BWV 769a, manuscript P 271). Remarkably, the two versions differ significantly not only in graphics and design, but also in musical composition. The comparative analysis reveals a number of oddities. The original edition, according to the title, presents the work as a cycle of variations, while the autograph version as a sequence of canons, without a hint of any variation. In this regard, of particular interest is the original printed edition. It has obvious signs it was intended for performance: a layout meant to avoid page-turning when performing the piece, an indication which hand (dextra or sinistra) to play a particular voice, signs of dynamics, the manner of performance, etc. At the same time, it has certain features that indicate the opposite. First of all, the canons in the first three variations are encrypted. Another oddity associated with the first one, yet representing a separate issue, is that the canons in the fourth and fifth variations are not encrypted. Why prompted the composer to encrypt the canons and why did he do it only in the original printed version? This is the question the article aims to answer.

TITLES OF LITURGICAL BOOKS AS THE PROBLEM OF CORRESPONDENCE IN RELIGIOUS TRANSLATION

The paper is aimed at presenting convergent and divergent features encoded in the titles of liturgical books of Eastern and Western Christianity. Titles of liturgical books seen as translation objects have revealed extremely vibrant and dynamic essence of some religious terms. All the conditions of the historical development and liturgical praxis put a translator in a very difficult position when a historical context plays a decisive role in interpreting the text and historical truth. The typical translator usually hesitates between choosing the domesticating or foreignising strategy.In the case of liturgical books, their option can cause wrong associations connected with the change of a target denomination. This is why the comparative table of books used during liturgies in the Roman and Byzantine Rites will be helpful for translators to understand the liturgical praxis of another denomination. The table was compiled and checked on the basis of the very liturgical books in original editions and in translations into English, Ukrainian, and Polish as well as on the basis of theological encyclopaedias and instructive sources.This correspondence is relevant not only for intercultural communication where a single denomination dominates over a nation’s whole culture but also for interdenominational interpretation when in the same national community, readership is denominationally diverse and can generate the superficial interpretation of celebrants’ and believers’ liturgical practices.

Специализированные юридические журналы «Хокук вэ хаят» (1913–1914) и «Право и жизнь в Татарстане»

We establish the succession of the typological characteristics of law journals “Hokuk ve Hayat” (1913–1914) and the modern journal “Law and Life in Tatarstan”. Revival of periodicals in the 1990s – this is a trend that can be traced by studying post-Soviet periodicals. During the indicated period, printed publications were resumed, which were published back in the pre-revolutionary period – until 1917. The conquest of revolution – publicity – made it possible to develop the mass media and modernize them. Along with public, party, commercial publications, specialized publications also appeared. The revived, modified, modernized journal retained the features of the original edition, of which it is the successor. The question is raised about the succession of the two publications that came out in different eras in the history of Russian journalism, and the legitimacy of calling the “resumption” of the publication, between which the distance of many decades. As examples, other newspapers and magazines from the history of journalism are given, which can be classified as “revived”. We explore the audience, language and other parameters, mission and purpose of both publications. We highlight the similarities and differences, find out which traditions of the journal of the early 20th century have been preserved in the modern edition.

O polskim przekładzie Prawie to samo. O doświadczeniu przekładu Umberta Eco

On the Polish Translation of Dire quasi la stessa cosa. Esperienze di traduzione by Umberto Eco The article contains a review of the translation of Dire quasi la stessa cosa. Esperienze di traduzione by Umberto Eco (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2021) into Polish, authored by Jadwiga Miszalska and Monika Surma-Gawłowska. Notwithstanding the significant popularity of Eco’s literary and scholarly work in Poland, his influential volume of essays on translation was published in Polish almost twenty years after the original edition. In the first place, the review focuses on the translators’ approach to multilingualism and Italocentrism of Eco’s source text. It also addresses the issues of validity and actuality of Eco’s semiotic contribution to translation studies, by confronting it with recent trends in translation scholarship, especially with Kobus Marais’s bio-semiotic theory of translation.

David Clark Taylor, Part 2

David Clark Taylor, Part 2 Kimberly Broadwater (bio) PROVENANCE prov·e·nance (prǒv´ ə nəns) n. Place of origin, source. [Lat. Provenire, to originate.] [A continuation of an excerpt from Taylor's book, The Psychology of Singing: A Rational Method of Voice Culture Based on a Scientific Analysis of All Systems, Ancient and Modern (The Macmillan Company, 1908).] One of the most mysterious facts in the history of Voice Culture is the utter disappearance of the old Italian method. This has occurred in spite of the earnest efforts of vocal teachers to preserve the old traditions. If the conclusions drawn in the preceding chapter are justified, the old method consisted of a system of teaching singing by imitation. Assuming this to be true, there should now be no difficulty in accounting for the disappearance of the imitative method by tracing the development of the mechanical idea. Imitative Voice Culture was purely empirical in the ordinary meaning of this word. The old masters did not knowingly base their instruction on any set of principles. They simply taught as their instincts prompted them. There can now be no doubt that the old masters were fully justified in their empiricism. They taught singing as Nature intends it to be taught. But the old masters were not aware of the scientific soundness of their position. So soon as the correctness of empirical teaching was questioned they abandoned it without an attempt at defense. As a system of Voice Culture, the old method occupied a weak strategic position. With absolute right on its side, it still had no power of resistance against hostile influences. This does not imply that the old masters were ignorant men. On the contrary, the intellectual standard of the vocal profession seems to have been fully as high two hundred years ago as to-day. Even famous composers and musical theorists did not disdain to teach singing. But this very fact, the generally high culture of the old masters, was an important factor in the weakness of the old method against attack. The most intelligent masters were the ones most likely to abandon the empirical system in favor of supposedly scientific and precise methods of instruction. The hostile influence to which the old Italian method succumbed was the idea of mechanical vocal management. This idea entered almost imperceptibly into the minds of vocal teachers in the guise of a scientific theory of Voice Culture. A short historical sketch will bring this fact out clearly. From the founding of the art of Voice Culture, about 1600, up to 1741, no vocalist seems to have paid any attention to the anatomy or muscular movements of the vocal organs. In 1741 a French physician, Ferrein, presented to [End Page 395] the Academy of Sciences a treatise on the anatomy of the vocal organs, entitled "De la Formation de la Voix de l'Homme." This treatise was published in the same year, and it seems to have attracted at once the attention of the most enlightened masters of singing. That Ferrein was the first to call the attention of vocalists to the mechanical features of tone-production is strongly indicated in the German translation of Tosi's "Observations." In the original Italian edition, 1723, and the English translation, 1742, there is absolutely no mention of the anatomy or physiology of the vocal organs. But in preparing the German edition, published in 1757, the translator, J. F. Agricola, inserted a description of the vocal organs which he credited directly to Ferrein. Mancini followed Agricola's example, and included in this "Riflessioni" (1776) a brief description of the vocal organs. But Mancini made no attempt to apply this description in formulating a system of instruction. He recommends the parents of a prospective singer to ascertain, by a physician's examination, that the child's vocal organs are normal and in good health. He also gives one mechanical rule, so obvious as to seem rather quaint. "Every singer must place his mouth in a natural smiling position, that is, with the upper teeth perpendicularly and moderately removed from the lower." Beyond this Mancini says not a word of mechanical vocal management. There is no mention...

State Institution as an Organizational Form for the Implementation of State Functions: From History to the Present

The article examines the design of a state institution using various functions of the state. The author analyzes the issues of creation and functioning in different historical periods, starting from the era of Roman law, when detailed studies of the indicated issues were not carried out. Zemstvo institutions are considered as a prototype of state (municipal) institutions, which are entrusted through the management of various spheres of life of the population. The wide spread of the institution in the Soviet period of Russia's development is noted. The article analyzes the provisions of the Civil Code of the RSFSR of 1922, the Fundamentals of Civil Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics of 1961, the Fundamentals of Civil Legislation of the USSR of 1991, as well as the Civil Code of the Russian Federation of 1994 in the original and current edition. The need to use the structure of an institution in the formation of a «new» system of legal entities in a market economy is emphasized. The reasons for reforming the status of state (municipal) institutions in 2006 and 2010 have been determined – reducing the burden of maintaining social institutions by the state through the commercialization of such institutions. The article describes the features of a state institution – this is the only type of state (municipal) institution, the status and activities of which are regulated in detail by the budgetary legislation of the Russian Federation and which is a full participant in the budgetary process. Two cases of the creation of a state institution are given. At the same time, the most common is the situation of using the structure of a state institution to organize the functioning of public bodies in civil circulation and the budget process. The author points out the dual nature of such institutions.

A design optimized prime editor with expanded scope and capability in plants.

The ability to manipulate the genome in a programmable manner has illuminated biology and shown promise in plant breeding. Prime editing, a versatile gene-editing approach that directly writes new genetic information into a specified DNA site without requiring double-strand DNA breaks, suffers from low efficiency in plants1-5. In this study, N-terminal reverse transcriptase-Cas9 nickase fusion performed better in rice than the commonly applied C-terminal fusion. In addition, introduction of multiple-nucleotide substitutions in the reverse transcriptase template stimulated prime editing with enhanced efficiency. By using these two methods synergistically, prime editing with an average editing frequency as high as 24.3% at 13 endogenous targets in rice transgenic plants, 6.2% at four targets in maize protoplasts and 12.5% in human cells was achieved, which is two- to threefold higher than the original editor, Prime Editor 3. Therefore, our optimized approach has potential to make more formerly non-editable target sites editable, and expands the scope and capabilities of prime editing in the future.

Editorial Policy

Editorial Policy

Travel Choice Behavior Model Based on Mental Accounting of Travel Time and Cost

This paper analyzes the utility calculation principle of travelers from the perspective of mental accounting and proposes a travel choice behavior model that considers travel time and cost (MA-TC model). Then, a questionnaire is designed to analyze the results of the travel choice under different decision-making scenarios. Model parameters are estimated using nonlinear regression, and the utility calculation principles are developed under different hypothetical scenarios. Then, new expressions for the utility function under deterministic and risky conditions are presented. For verification, the nonlinear correlation coefficient and hit rate are used to compare the proposed MA-TC model with the other two models: (1) the classical prospect theory with travel time and cost (PT-TC model) and (2) mental accounting based on the original hedonic editing criterion (MA-HE model). The results show that model parameters under deterministic and risky conditions are pretty different. In the deterministic case, travelers have similar sensitivity to the change in gain and loss of travel time and cost. The prediction accuracy of the MA-TC model is 3% lower than the PT-TC model and 6% higher than the MA-HE model. Under risky conditions, travelers are more sensitive to the change in loss than to the change in gain. Additionally, travelers tend to overestimate small probabilities and underestimate high probabilities when losing more than when gaining. The prediction accuracy of the MA-TC model is 2% higher than the PT-TC model and 6% higher than the MA-HE model.

Sleep-disordered breathing in school-aged children with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Studies of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have focused on early childhood and growth hormone (GH)-naïve children, but little is known about older children, including those on long-term GH therapy. This study aimed to describe the nature and prevalence of SDB in school-aged children with PWS in the growth hormone era. This retrospective single-center chart review included children aged 6-18 years with PWS who had overnight polysomnography not involving respiratory support over 5 years (2012-2017). The main outcome measures were the presence of obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea, or hypoventilation defined by an elevated transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (TcPCO2) as per standard pediatric criteria. Seventeen children (8 males; median age 11.6 years, range 6.6-16.1 years) were included. Fifteen demonstrated SDB of different types: central sleep apnea (18%), obstructive sleep apnea (24%), both obstructive and central sleep apnea (29%), or hypoventilation without obstructive or central sleep apnea (18%). Twelve (71%) children had evidence of hypoventilation. Those with hypoventilation had a higher central apnea-hypopnea index but no difference in the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index, age, sex, growth parameters, or the presence of scoliosis or sleep-related symptoms compared with those without hypoventilation. Sleep-related hypoventilation is common in school-aged children with PWS. The presence of central sleep apnea, including the quantification of central hypopneas, but not obstructive sleep apnea or clinical factors, predicted the presence of hypoventilation. Long-term polysomnography surveillance in children with PWS should include identification of central hypopneas and measurement of continuous pCO2. Schaefer J, Davey MJ, Nixon GM. Sleep-disordered breathing in school-aged children with Prader-Willi syndrome. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(4):1055-1061.

Taking a deep breath

While 2012 is going away, IJHDR prepares the celebration of its 5th anniversary! This is thus a time for reflection, to ponder on the good and bad experiences, to (re)think the next steps to improve our service to readers, authors and the scientific community at large. Along these hard, but rewarding first five years, IJHDR reached many readers and was supported by many authors all over the world, it achieved recognition by important scientific databases and societies. This success is the result of the joint work of the Editorial Board members and with GIRI, our hosting scientific society.
 IJHDR provided the homeopathic community an open, free, multimedia and electronic venue to share high-quality information. Focused on research articles, and open to the entire field of High Dilution research, including homeopathy and hormesis, IJHDR came to occupy a special place within the scientific map. Nevertheless, the goals achieved are not enough, but further improvement is needed for IJHDR keep on growing. Our aim for the next years is to maintain the original editorial vision and mission, while increasing even more the quality of publication.
 IJHDR will start 2013 by revising its Board of Consultants. Five years ago, when IJHDR was an unknown journal that still had to prove its quality, friends, idealists, and invited experts kindly contributed with their expertise to make peer review a mandatory step in the evaluation of articles. However, not only IJHDR grew, but also the editorial work did! The time arrives to include new experts in our Board of Consultant,, not only to share in the work, but to have cover a broader scope of knowledge, as HD research is a cross-disciplinary and emergent field. 
 Also the structure of the articles will be revised. Improvement in the layout will be discussed to stimulate the use of multimedia resources like video and audio files, simulations, supplementary materials, links, and color images. Special attention will be paid to language revision and reference citation. Together with its authors and readers, IJHDR contributes to the development of a kind of knowledge close to the borders of science. Therefore, to establish a valid scientific background, the articles must be clearly written, and based on sound assumptions. 
 High-visibility for articles is a fundamental aspect desired by all authors. As an open and free access journal, IJHDR meets that condition, and we are planning to make our influence and visibility even wider. Inclusion in the major databases has paramount importance in the academic milieu, however, it should be considered as a consequence, rather than a goal. In 2013, IJHDR will chair a collaborative project with several research institutions aiming to deliver information everywhere, increasing the visibility of the published articles.
 Thus, now it is the time to take a deep breath, relax, and prepare you for the forthcoming work! See you in 2013!

明歌者張麗人《蓮香集》

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
 廣東文獻之秘籍《蓮香集》，四百年來爲世所重，而版本流傳之序，各家之説多有未安。本文考出本書凡經三刻，曰隆武原刻本、乾隆重刻本、道光複刻本。隆武原刻、道光複刻本均已佚，乾隆重刻本又分人名不缺之初印本及鏟削去部分人名之後印本，今惟後印本存世。本文據胡文楷鈔本確定乾隆重刻初印本之原貌，又比較談月色鈔本及三種後印補字本，而推得道光複刻本之大體面目。復據書中内證及陳蘭芝增輯《嶺海名勝記》，推測出隆武原刻本編排次序與乾隆重刻本不同。最後揭示梁麟生父子重新編刻《蓮香集》，意在闡揚明末廣東義烈，表彰南園詩社“文章忠孝兩臻絶”之文化精神，並指出本書在乾隆、道光時的兩次重刊，廣東文士爲保存文獻而委曲求全，實具反抗清代文化鉗制之意義。
 The Anthology of Lotus Fragrance (Lianxiang ji) is a collection of poems compiled for the famous singer Zhang Qiao (1615 - 1633) by Peng Rizhen in the first year of the Longwu Reign-period of the South Ming Dynasty (1645) The anthologized poems feature a common theme of patriotic sentiments, which has been valued for four hundred years. The study of the different editions of this book has long been absent in existing scholarship. In the present essay, we identify three different editions, namely (1) the original Longwu edition, (2) the reprint from the Qianlong reign-period (1736- 1795) , and (3) the re-carved edition from the Daoguang reign-period (1821-1850). Both the Longwu and Daoguang editions have been lost. There are two versions of the Qianlong reprinted edition： the first print contains all names，but in the second print some names were removed. Today，only the second print version is extant. This study takes Hu Wenkai's 胡文楷 (ca. 1899- 1988) handwritten edition as a master copy to reconstruct the original look of the first print version of the Qianlong edition. This work enables us to reconstruct most of the content of the Daoguang edition through a comparison with the Tan Yuese manuscript and the other three later prints, in which the removed names are restored. In addition，through a study of the contents of Anthology of Lotus Fragrance and the enlarged version of Records of Renowned Resorts of Mountains and Seas by Chen Lanzhi (Qing dynasty), the present study also infers that the contents of the Longwu edition are arranged differently from that of the Qianlong edition. Finally, the present study reveals that the re-compilation and printing of Anthology of Lotus Fragrance by Liang Linsheng (1899-1981) and his son aimed to praise the righteous martyrs of Guangdong during the downfall of the Ming Dynasty and commend “the highest achievements in literature, loyalty and filial piety” of the Nanyuan poetry society. It also points out that the book was reprinted twice during the Qianlong and Daoguang eras and some Guangdong intellectuals suffered much in order to preserve these documents. This reveals the significance of their resistance against the Qing Dynasty's cultural suppression.