Orientation Profiles Research Articles

Health Information Orientation Profiles and Their Association with Knowledge of Antibiotic Use in a Population with Good Internet Access: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Poor knowledge of antibiotic use drives poor antibiotic practices, but little is known about the influence of health information orientation (HIO) on knowledge of antibiotic use in the general public. Methods: We conducted a nationally-representative population-wide cross-sectional study (November 2020–January 2021), on a proportionately stratified random sample of 2004 Singapore residents aged ≥21 years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between HIO and knowledge of antibiotic use. Results: Forty percent of respondents had low-levels of HIO (LL-HIO); they tended to be younger, not currently married, and did not have family/friends working in the healthcare sector. Respondents with LL-HIO (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.32–2.51, p < 0.001) were 82% more likely to have poor knowledge of antibiotic use. In particular, older adults aged ≥50 years with LL-HIO (aOR 1.81, 95% CI [1.32–2.51], p < 0.001) were much more likely to have poor knowledge than their HL-HIO counterparts. They were also less likely to use the Internet to seek health information and had poor eHealth efficacy. Conclusion: LL-HIO is independently associated with poor knowledge of antibiotic use. Educational strategies on antibiotic use should disseminate a consistent message through both online and offline platforms, involving traditional and non-traditional healthcare and non-healthcare influencers.

Retail Technology Acceptance Model for online at offline (O@O): Comparing different generations of data analysis techniques

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine consumers’ intentions to use retail technologies and to identify factors that affect their decision by extending the Technology Acceptance Model. This study employs Regression and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling to test the same construct in the proposed model, and the results were compared to find out similarities and differences. The result shows that depending on the consumers’ shopping orientation profile, they evaluated a technology differently. Also, depending on the types of technology, the factors that significantly affect consumers’ intentions to use are different. For an unfamiliar technology, consumers need to evaluate before confirming their intention to use (i.e. the mediating effect of evaluation between consumer’s profile and intention to use). Not all technologies require high usefulness for high intention to use, contrary to previous research. The PLS-SEM analysis was more appropriate than the regression for a newly developed model.

HOS-FingerCode: Bispectral invariants based contactless multi-finger recognition system using ridge orientation and feature fusion

Fingerprints are a commonly used biometric for civil and forensic applications and the majority of them are captured by contact sensors. More recently, there is a trend toward the use of high resolution digital and video cameras to acquire contactless images. However, the processing of such images is challenging because of intra-class variations such as pose, rotation, translation and scaling due to hand orientation and deformation. They can, however, facilitate the use of full finger or multiple fingers or hand information rather than the fingertip alone. Although some recent research has investigated representation of full finger and hand information under relaxed conditions, current state-of-the-art methods are unable to address transformation issues without manual intervention. To overcome the issues of relaxed constrained nature, geometrical variations and invariant feature encoding regardless of finger orientation, we have used higher order spectral features (HOS-FingerCode) from ridge patterns. We employ an automated method to detect key points and constructs a graph of key-lines. Ridge orientation profiles along with the selected key-lines provide a 1D signal from which bispectral invariant features are extracted. In addition, two fusion schemes are proposed where fusion from multiple key lines combinations and feature fusion from multiple key line configurations are investigated to extract ridge pattern profile for a better performance. The features are pooled from multiple fingers by concatenation or compact bilinear pooling to yield the HOS-FingerCode for multi-finger biometrics. For a single-finger system using 3369 high resolution index and middle finger images, the algorithm better performs when different key lines configurations are fused. For geometrical variations of the images, the system is most impacted by pose than rotation and scale changes of the images, and is tolerant to such variations. For the multi-finger system using 3111 images from both fingers, the algorithm has achieved 93.8% TPR and 97.95% classification accuracy at a setting of 2% FPR. For the feature fusion scheme proposed for multi-finger system using concatenation and compact bilinear pooling, concatenation of features performs better than the compact bilinear pooling. Since multi-finger recognition system performed better than the single finger biometrics system, it can help to diminish the high traffic scenario in busy premises and will facilitate the soft identity verification.

Психологические стратегии и типы финансового поведения студентов разных российских университетов

The article presents the results of empirical research aimed at a comparative analysis of financial behavior strategies and economic aspirations of Russian students (N = 80, age 19–20 years) studying at metropolitan and regional universities (Saratov and Moscow). As methods of research were used survey and testing (questionnaire of subjective economic well-being V. A. Khashchenko; test of dispositional optimism in modification of T. O. Gordeeva, O. A. Sychev, E. N. Osin; questionnaire of self-organization of activity in E. Yu. Mandrikova adaptation; Schwarz portrait questionnaire). In two groups of students both similarities (determinants of financial behavior, economically cautious strategy of budget management, avoidance of financial risk, small savings practices, financial infantilism, lack of financial awareness, attractiveness of some forms of investment, optimism expression, similarity of profiles of value orientations) and differences (personal budget structuring, economic aspirations and dream, readiness to take financial risk) were found. It is asserted that the identified similarities are determined by the respondents’ affiliation with a certain social group, while the differences are caused by the subcultural features of the territory of study and residence. Based on the assessment of subjective economic well-being and life prospects, configuration of value orientations, specifics of strategic goal-setting, the typology of financial behavior of students studying at different universities is proposed. The applied aspect of the problem under study consists in the possibility of using the results in the development of programs of socio-psychological adaptation of students to the conditions of learning and living; educational programs aimed at eliminating economic illiteracy of students; programs of psychological support and student counseling.

Compression Behavior of EBM Printed Auxetic Chiral Structures.

In this study, the cyclic compression and crush behavior of chiral auxetic lattice structures produced from titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) metallic powder using electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing technology is investigated numerically and experimentally. For material characterization and understanding the material behavior of EBM printed parts, tensile and three-point flexural tests were conducted. Log signals produced during the EBM process were investigated to confirm the stability of process and the health of the produced parts. Furthermore, a compressive cyclic load profile was applied to the EBM printed chiral units having two different thicknesses to track their Poisson’s ratios and displacement limits under large displacements in the absence of degradation, permanent deformations and failures. Chiral units were also crushed to investigate the effect of failure and deformation mechanisms on the energy absorption characteristics. Moreover, a surface roughness study was conducted due to high surface roughness of EBM printed parts, and an equation is offered to define load-carrying effective areas to prevent misleading cross-section measurements. In compliance with the equation and tensile test results, a constitutive equation was formed and used after a selection and calibration process to verify the numerical model for optimum topology design and mechanical performance forecasting using a non-linear computational model with failure analysis. As a result, the cyclic compression and crush numerical analyses of EBM printed Ti6Al4V chiral cells were validated with the experimental results. It was shown that the constitutive equation of EBM printed as-built parts was extracted accurately considering the build orientation and surface roughness profile. Besides, the cyclic compressive and crush behavior of chiral units were investigated. The regions of the chiral units prone to prematurely fail under crush loads were determined, and deformation modes were investigated to increase the energy absorption abilities.

Genetic testing users in Italy and Germany: Health orientation, health-related habits, and psychological profile.

BackgroundRapid advances in genomic knowledge and widespread access to the web contributed to the development of genetic services by private companies or medical laboratories. In the European landscape, though, there is not a single coherent regulatory approach to genetic testing (GT). The study aimed to investigate differences and similarities between two populations of GT users, Italians and Germans, in terms of health‐related behaviors, psychological characteristics, and attitudes toward genetic information.MethodsNinety‐nine Italian GT users from one private genetic company and 64 Germans GT users from one medical laboratory, completed an ad hoc self‐administered questionnaire.ResultsResults showed significant differences in health‐related behaviors (unhealthy eating behaviors, smoking behaviors, and frequency in medical check‐ups), with Germans reporting higher levels of unhealthy eating habits and smoking behaviors than Italians; Italian users also were more medically controlled. Furthermore, German participants were less willing to change their lifestyle following the GT results compared to Italian participants. Regarding psychological variables, German users felt more confident about their physical well‐being and they seemed more motivated than Italians to avoid becoming unhealthy. Finally, two samples differed in the way they accessed genetic testing (with the Italians guided predominately by a physician in contrast with the Germans who were recommended by friends) and managed genetic testing results (with Italian participants significantly more willing to share results with doctors than German participants, who preferred sharing with the family).ConclusionThe analysis of cultural and organizational differences could help in defining adequate guidelines for counseling, and provide inputs for regulators in different European contexts.

Beyond The God Gap: Mapping Religiopolitical Heterogeneity in the United States1

Research has consistently found that the link between religious and political identification and behavior in the United States has grown significantly, as religious populations have increasingly aligned with the political right while secular Americans move toward the political left. Yet, other research cautions that most Americans are not extreme either politically or religiously. In this study I seek to integrate these claims by applying a latent class analysis to religious and political indicators from the 2016 American National Election Study. Results show six distinct profiles of religiopolitical orientation. Two of these profiles partially correspond to a religious conservative versus secular liberal binary but differ in key characteristics such as size and style of political engagement, exhibiting a dynamic of what I describe as asymmetric polarization. The remainder of the population exhibits religiopolitical orientations that fit with neither extreme. Instead, they fall into one of four internally coherent groups: (1) Religious but apolitical, (2) religious and political but ideologically diverse, (3) nonreligious and apolitical, and (4) nominally religious but behaviorally disengaged from both domains. Rather than polarization or moderation and incoherence, the relationship between religion and politics in the United States may be usefully described in terms of structured heterogeneity.

From ethnic market niche to a post-ethnic marketplace: A national profile of Latino-owned business market orientation

From ethnic market niche to a post-ethnic marketplace: A national profile of Latino-owned business market orientation

Comprehensive visualization of spinal motion in gait sequences based on surface topography.

Analysis of spinal motion is considered to be important to assess function of the human spine. Surface topography (ST) is a method to record the vertebral orientation in 3D. Such measurements can be performed in static but also in dynamic situations like gait or other motion tasks. However, dynamic ST measurements are hard to interpret due to their complexity. The main goal of this paper is to provide comprehensive visualization tools which allow a more intuitive and comprehensive interpretation n of such measurements. In particular, juxtaposition and superimposition techniques are utilized to emphasize differences in motion characteristics. The method was applied to a test series of 12 healthy volunteers walking on a treadmill at various speed levels. It could be shown that the visualization tools are helpful to compare different motion sequences including an analysis of intra- and interindividual variation. Based on these techniques, it could be shown that the profiles of vertebral orientation remain considerable constant when one person was walking at different speed levels whereas they differed substantially between the different individuals. In contrast, the motion amplitudes contained high intra- and interindividual variation, i.e. between speed levels and different test persons. In summary, the paper demonstrates that appropriate visualization tools are helpful to interpret ST measurements and cope with the complexity of these data sets. In particular, they can be used to compare different motion sequences in a more comprehensive way.

Examination of Chinese immigrant parents' beliefs about children's social development through play: A mixed methods explanatory sequential study.

Currently, despite the rapid growth of the population of Chinese immigrant families and children in the United States, preschool-aged Chinese-heritage children are an underrepresented group in research. The overarching purpose of this project was to provide a deeper understanding of Head Start Chinese immigrant parents' beliefs about children's social-emotional development, the value of play during the preschool period, and the potential role of cultural orientation. The study followed the steps of a mixed methods explanatory sequential design. First, using quantitative data collected from 213 primary caregivers, the study employed a person-centered lens to explore profiles of parents' cultural orientations and beliefs about play and academics in preschool to better understand the association of these profiles to children's social competencies. Next, 34 primary caregivers from the quantitative study participated in in-depth, focus group discussions to further explore parents' perceptions of children's social behaviors, cultural adjustment experiences, and their perceptions about U.S. preschools. Four reliable profiles were resolved quantitatively and showed within-group variations in patterns of Chinese immigrant parents' beliefs and cultural orientations that related differentially to children's social-emotional competencies as evidenced within peer play at home. Qualitative findings corroborated and elaborated the quantitative findings. These results underscored the importance of engaging with Chinese immigrant parents to inform research and program practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Pose Control of a Spherical Object Held by Deformable Sheet with Multiple Robots

This paper presents a robotic design for transporting a spherical object that is manipulated by a mobile robot team through a deformable sheet. The design goal is to control the position and orientation (i.e., pose) of the object through the collective motion of the robotic team. We first derive a kinematic model to describe the object motion in the deformable sheet. The effect of the mobile robots’ motion on the object is studied and analyzed. We then design a distributed controller for each robot to manipulate the pose of the object. The analysis and experimental results show the controller has the ability to successfully manipulate the object pose to follow a given position and orientation profile.

Multi-level study on UHPFRC incorporating ECat

The suitability of a recently developed ultra-high performance fibre reinforced cementitious composite (UHPFRC) incorporating Spent Equilibrium Catalyst, ECat, for structural applications is investigated through a systematic multi-level investigation across micro, meso and composite levels. Scanning electron microscopy, isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests were performed to evaluate the microstructure of the composite. At the meso-level, the mechanical properties of fibre to matrix ITZ were characterised by single fibre pullout tests on fibres embedded with various fibre orientation angles. At the composite level, specimens with 3% fibre content and different fibre orientation profiles were prepared to determine uniaxial tensile behaviour. The relation between the tensile fracture parameters and fibre structure parameter was assessed. In each level, the results are compared to a conventional ternary UHPFRC mixture and point towards the suitability of the newly developed mixture for structural applications.

Рабочая программа дисциплины «Маркетинговая лингвистика»

Language tools that implement the marketing model of consumer behavior and ensure the consumer’s purchase decision, have occupied the focal place in linguistic studies. Such studies have led to the formation of a new pragmalinguistic direction – marketing linguistics. This syllabus is designed for 45.04.02 direction of training ("Linguistics"), the orientation (profile) "General and typological linguistics and applications in the field of linguistics" (training level – master's degree, graduate qualification – master's degree).

Рабочая программа дисциплины «Маркетинговая лингвистика»

Language tools that implement the marketing model of consumer behavior and ensure the consumer’s purchase decision, have occupied the focal place in linguistic studies. Such studies have led to the formation of a new pragmalinguistic direction – marketing linguistics. This syllabus is designed for 45.04.02 direction of training ("Linguistics"), the orientation (profile) "General and typological linguistics and applications in the field of linguistics" (training level – master's degree, graduate qualification – master's degree).

Different Mechanisms of Translational Symmetry Breaking in Liquid-Crystal Coil–Rod–Coil Triblock Copolymers

A molecular-statistical theory of coil-rod–coil triblock copolymers with orientationally ordered rod-like fragments has been developed using the density functional approach. An explicit expression for the free energy has been obtained in terms of the direct correlation functions of the reference disordered phase, the Flory–Huggins parameter and the potential of anisotropic interaction between rigid rods. The theory has been used to derive several phase diagrams and to calculate numerically orientational and translational order parameter profiles for different polymer architecture as a function of the Flory–Huggins parameter, which specifies the short-range repulsion and as functions of temperature. In triblock copolymers, the nematic–lamellar transition is accompanied by the translational symmetry breaking, which can be caused by two different microscopic mechanisms. The first mechanism resembles a low dimensional crystallization and is typical for conventional smectic liquid crystals. The second mechanism is related to the repulsion between rod and coil segments and is typical for block copolymers. Both mechanisms are analyzed in detail as well as the effects of temperature, coil fraction and the triblock asymmetry on the transition into the lamellar phase.

Impact of Two Preservice Teachers’ Value Orientations on Their Interpretation and Delivery of the Skill Themes Approach

Purpose: To determine the impact of two preservice teachers’ value orientations on their interpretation and delivery of the skill themes approach. Method: The short form of the value orientations inventory and five qualitative techniques were used to collect data. Participants’ value orientations inventory profiles were illustrated graphically. Interpretive data were analyzed using analytic induction and constant comparison. Findings: Results from the short form of the value orientations inventory indicated that Meagan prioritized social responsibility, learning process, and disciplinary mastery, while Jared favored social responsibility, self-actualization, and ecological integration. Qualitative data largely supported these value orientation profiles and indicated that the preservice teachers’ approaches to teaching skill themes differed and were influenced by their pedagogical beliefs. Moreover, qualitative data illustrated how Meagan’s and Jared’s value orientations and interpretations of the skill themes approach had changed and developed. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of preservice teachers engaging in philosophical reflection on the connections between their beliefs and their interpretations of curriculum models.

Why Do People Work? An Empirical Test of Hybrid Work Orientations

The present study analyzed whether one’s work orientation can be organized into work orientation profiles beyond the three pure orientations of job, career, and calling. We tested the existence of these hybrid work orientations in a sample of 959 adults aged from 18 to 71 years old (M = 40.61, SD = 9.54). A cluster analysis showed that the best result consisted of four profiles: “Career-Calling”, “Career-Job”, “Pure Job”, and “Indifference”. Theoretical and practical implications of profile approach to the study of work orientations are discussed at the end.

Unambiguous Determination of Electrostatically Driven Molecular Packing in a Triphenylene–Surfactant Complex Monolayer

AbstractEmergence of ordered structures during molecular self‐assembly at interfaces is influenced by a variety of thermodynamic and kinetic factors that are not well understood. Experiments alone can only inform about the final architecture keeping self‐assembly pathways inaccessible. Here with the help of molecular dynamic simulations, the intricate details of the self‐assembly processes and resultant ordered structures of a triphenylene–surfactant complex monolayer at air–water interface are reported. The monolayer is observed to be stable and reversible using surface manometry and real‐time Brewster angle microscopy. Not only that the simulated isotherm and 2D density profiles are in good agreement with experimental observations, the simulation results bespeak the crucial role of specific electrostatic interactions forming the nanostructures at the interface analyzed via orientational structural profiles, radial distribution, and Z‐density profiles. Moreover, real‐space visualization using atomic force microscopy suggests that the molecular packing is preserved in the monolayer even after transferring onto a silicon substrate. Since the rational designing of organic electronics requires nanoscale control of molecular structures on solid substrates, it is anticipated that these results will be of fundamental importance.

Profiles of Citizenship Orientations Among Youth

Prior studies revealed that low levels of youth political activity are not necessarily indicative of complete disengagement from societal affairs but could be accompanied by interest and latent involvement stemming from a standby or monitorial attitude. However, no prior study has investigated patterns of citizenship orientations including both manifest and latent engagement defined by one’s position towards institutional politics, according to different forms of participation. A questionnaire was filled out by 1,732 late adolescents and young adults in Italy (15–30 years old, M = 19.73, 60.7% female). Cluster analysis identified six profiles of citizenship orientations across different types of participatory activities (political, activist, political online and civic): active trustful, active distrustful, standby trustful, standby distrustful, unengaged trustful and unengaged distrustful. The results showed that each level of engagement—active, standby and unengaged—could be further differentiated between trustful and distrustful based on their attitude towards institutions and the electoral process.

Cyclically stretched ACL fibroblasts emigrating from spheroids adapt their cytoskeleton and ligament-related expression profile

Mechanical stress of ligaments varies; hence, ligament fibroblasts must adapt their expression profile to novel mechanomilieus to ensure tissue resilience. Activation of the mechanoreceptors leads to a specific signal transduction, the so-called mechanotransduction. However, with regard to their natural three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment cell reaction to mechanical stimuli during emigrating from a 3D spheroid culture is still unclear. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the reaction profile of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-derived fibroblasts exposed to cyclic uniaxial strain in two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture and during emigration from 3D spheroids with respect to cell survival, cell and cytoskeletal orientation, distribution, and expression profile. Monolayers and spheroids were cultured in crosslinked polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) elastomeric chambers and uniaxially stretched (14% at 0.3 Hz) for 48 h. Cell vitality, their distribution, nuclear shape, stress fiber orientation, focal adhesions, proliferation, expression of ECM components such as sulfated glycosaminoglycans, collagen type I, decorin, tenascin C and cell–cell communication-related gap junctional connexin (CXN) 43, tendon-related markers Mohawk and tenomodulin (myodulin) were analyzed. In contrast to unstretched cells, stretched fibroblasts showed elongation of stress fibers, cell and cytoskeletal alignment perpendicular to strain direction, less rounded cell nuclei, increased numbers of focal adhesions, proliferation, amplified CXN43, and main ECM component expression in both cultures. The applied cyclic stretch protocol evoked an anabolic response and enhanced tendon-related marker expression in ACL-derived fibroblasts emigrating from 3D spheroids and seems also promising to support in future tissue formation in ACL scaffolds seeded in vitro with spheroids.