Психологические стратегии и типы финансового поведения студентов разных российских университетов

Abstract

The article presents the results of empirical research aimed at a comparative analysis of financial behavior strategies and economic aspirations of Russian students (N = 80, age 19–20 years) studying at metropolitan and regional universities (Saratov and Moscow). As methods of research were used survey and testing (questionnaire of subjective economic well-being V. A. Khashchenko; test of dispositional optimism in modification of T. O. Gordeeva, O. A. Sychev, E. N. Osin; questionnaire of self-organization of activity in E. Yu. Mandrikova adaptation; Schwarz portrait questionnaire). In two groups of students both similarities (determinants of financial behavior, economically cautious strategy of budget management, avoidance of financial risk, small savings practices, financial infantilism, lack of financial awareness, attractiveness of some forms of investment, optimism expression, similarity of profiles of value orientations) and differences (personal budget structuring, economic aspirations and dream, readiness to take financial risk) were found. It is asserted that the identified similarities are determined by the respondents’ affiliation with a certain social group, while the differences are caused by the subcultural features of the territory of study and residence. Based on the assessment of subjective economic well-being and life prospects, configuration of value orientations, specifics of strategic goal-setting, the typology of financial behavior of students studying at different universities is proposed. The applied aspect of the problem under study consists in the possibility of using the results in the development of programs of socio-psychological adaptation of students to the conditions of learning and living; educational programs aimed at eliminating economic illiteracy of students; programs of psychological support and student counseling.