The research paper provides the history of the development of the Uzbek school of translation Uzbek into Russian language, which has its own specificity and originality. This peculiarity is characterized by the wide development already in the Middle Ages of translations from oriental languages, mainly from Arabic, the presence of bilingual dictionaries; started from the second half of the XIX century translations directly from Western languages, and finally, quite a wide development of translations of fiction and scientific literature from the Uzbek into Russian language. The role of these translations of Russian literature, or through the Russian language, world literature, was very influential on the development of Uzbek culture in general. In this cultural and literary interchange and interpenetration, the Russian language played the role of a bridge connecting the Uzbek reader with world culture and literature. The Uzbek school of translation of the last century, in fact, in its main composition and practice was based on translations works and novels from the Russian language.