Organizational Forms Research Articles

THE FIRST ENGLISH SONNET AND ITS PARODIC ESSENCE

The article is devoted to the consideration of questions about which sonnet was the first example of a national genre form in English poetry, and about the relationship between its text and previous traditions and specific monuments. The research material was a fragment of the chivalric romance “Amoryus and Cleopes” by John Metham. Topicality of the study is due to the lack of knowledge of this text. The form of graphic organisation of the selected fragment is analysed against the background of comparisons with various ways of setting up classical Italian sonnets, then the meaningful motifs and the integral plot of the fragment are correlated with the content of Francesco Petrarch’s book “De remediis utriusque fortunae” and in more detail with the plot of Geoffrey Chaucer’s early poem “The Book of the Duchess”. The general A.M. Severinus Boethius’s theme of the Wheel of Fortune is noted, and the movement of the plot in Chaucer and Metham and both figures of their complaining knights, as well as the causes of their suffering, are assessed. In the process of analysis, it is possible to establish that a fragment of the novel, designed by the author on the model of Italian sonnets, yet containing an original rhyme scheme, which will become known as the rhyme of an English sonnet, exhibits a parodic character in relation to the texts of Petrarch and Chaucer.

Extracurricular concert practice as a factor of personal and professional self-development of the future teacher-musician

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of personal and professional self-development of the future teacher-musician in the process of his participation in extracurricular concert practice. The potential possibilities of various forms of organization of this practice are analyzed in order to determine the most favorable ones from the point of view of the student's personal and professional growth. Based on the environmental approach to understanding the professional specifics of the musical and pedagogical activity of the future teacher and the principles of personality-developing higher education, based on the study of works in the field of musical psychology and pedagogy, as well as the use of methods of pedagogical observation, it was found that for the personal and professional self-development of students, extracurricular educational space is used extremely insufficiently. In this regard, an attempt was made to consider the possibilities of a student's personal and professional self-development in the conditions of an extracurricular creative educational environment: class concerts, festivals, competitions, educational projects, master classes, thematic events in collaboration with museum and art organizations, etc. Based on the analysis of the results of pedagogical observation, the levels, criteria and indicators of the student's personal and professional self-development in the conditions of extracurricular concert practice were developed. A number of conditions are determined that most optimally contribute to the personal self-development of the future teacher-musician in the field of professional creative activity.

Forming of readiness for motherhood among female students in the extracurricular process of a higher educational organization

The relevance of the article is due to the existing demographic problems closely related to the transformation of traditional stereotypes of reproductive behavior among modern youth, the changes in the models of traditional family relations and the devaluation of the motherhood value in society. This actualizes the problem of forming readiness for motherhood among girls and young women, using the educational potential of the higher educational organization. The author considers readiness for motherhood as a psychological and pedagogical phenomenon that has complex nature and requires of woman having an appropriate set of special skills and abilities in the field of motherhood and childhood, a firm civil and social position, a formed system of values, attitudes and personal qualities, which implies systematic and pedagogically justified impact. In this regard, emphasis is placed on the need to develop and implement an additional educational program in the extracurricular process aimed at forming a system of ideas among students about the essence of motherhood and maternal functions, obtaining primary skills of upbringing, development and child care, solving socio-economic and legal problems that arise at the same time. Usage of various types and forms of organization of extracurricular activities of female students, methods of active and interactive learning, a specially developed set of tasks, as well as the involvement of specialists from specialized organizations and teachers of higher education organizations in the program implementation allowed to form each of the components of the students' readiness for motherhood and the phenomenon on the integral basis.

THE ALL-UNION TEXTILE SYNDICATE: A PROJECT TO OPTIMISE COTTON PRODUCTION BY REFORMING THE TRUST MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE (1928-1929)

This article is devoted to the process of reforming the textile industry of the RSFSR within the framework of one of the projects of the all-union textile syndicate. The emphasis is placed on the study of the issues of zoning of the cotton industry of the republic and the syndicate’s search for the most stable form of organisation of textile trusts against the background of the elimination of the so-called “New Economic Policy” in industry. The main structural associations and management bodies of the textile industry of the RSFSR and the USSR in those years are considered: from the union and republican textile trusts to the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR, and their role in the process of the first stage of industry reform is traced. To reveal the topic of the article, both materials of scientific publications and archival documents were used, a significant part of which is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

How to turn a state into the tool of revolution: the creation of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Lithuania and Belarus in 1919

Soviet Socialist Republic of Lithuania and Belarus (SSR LiB) is one of the strangest and least understood periods in a turbulent history of Lithuania of the beginning of the 20th century. This paper aims to tackle stereotypes surrounding the Litbel, which are not always able to explain some of the more puzzling elements of the life of the puppet republic. The soviet quasi–state is examined primarily through the lens of the role of instrument of revolution assigned to it. One can distinguish several different ways in which the Bolsheviks hoped to use the territory of Lithuania and Belarus, to which a state–like organizational form was given. Although the Bolsheviks originally brought the SSR LiB to life as a diplomatic weapon for the protection of Soviet Russia, communist leaders were quick to exploit the territory of the new soviet republic for their strategic, military, as well as economic gains. The pursuit of the aforementioned gains was not in the least compatible with the interests and needs of the local population. However, the specific communist thinking, which viewed all political units almost solely as instruments of revolution, did not allow for even a slightest comparison between local problems and the ultimate goal of victory for the socialist revolution, which was viewed as infinitely more valuable.

Sustainability and Ecotourism: the Learning Process of a Small Business in Mexico

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the implementation process of ecotourism, with the aim of understanding the different forms of knowledge generation and learning in a company with precolonial references. Theoretical Framework: This topic presents the main concepts and theories that support the research through the critical perspective of Organizational Studies. The binomial knowledge-organizational learning stands out, providing a solid foundation to understand the context of the research. Method: The methodology adopted for this research includes a case study based on a qualitative approach with a phenomenological approach. Interviews were conducted with members of the organizations and advisors who supported the implementation of the ecotourism model. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, participant observation and document analysis. Data were analyzed with an interactive model using an inductive approach. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed the influence that the origin and ownership of the land has on the process of conception and practice of ecotourism. In the discussion section, cooperation between community members stands out as essential in the management of knowledge and learning, and the achievement of organizational objectives. Implications of the research: These implications could cover the theoretical-methodological limits to understand these organizational forms that live between premodernity and modernity and the need to generate sustainable reproductive, consumption, distribution and maintenance systems. Organizational Studies present a critical vision in the analysis between the complementarities and contradictions that underpin the implementation and practice of ecotourism. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by exposing the nature of this type of organizations with precolonial references where ecotourism merges with the traditions, rituals and worldviews of the community, exposing tensions and paradoxes of an organizational model that incorporates contradictory elements and at the same time complementary, such as sustainable development. The relevance and value of this research is evident in understanding the knowledge-learning process from the perspective of the subjects and the practical application in the implementation of ecotourism based on the nature of land ownership.

Причини та форми корупційної взаємодії у сфері освіти

The problem of corruption is important for many countries because corruption undermines trust in the government, violates the rule of law and leads to socio-economic inequality in the country. In different spheres of society, manifestations of corruption can be observed. Overcoming corruption in the educational environment is an extremely urgent problem since corruption is incompatible with the main purpose of education – to educate and encourage young people to the correct civic position, patriotism, respect for laws and human rights. The link between corruption and the ignorance of the public, the lack of civic engagement, tolerance and global courtesy is traced in the article. It is established that the formation and consolidation in society of the principles of intolerance to corruption are primarily influenced by legal nihilism, which manifests itself in a critical attitude to law as a form of organisation of life in the State. Attention is focused on the exceptional importance of legal education of young people, in particular in the spirit of intolerance to any manifestations of of corruption. It is noted that the causes of corruption in Ukraine are historical and are characterised by a deep penetration of corruption into the sphere of everyday life of society. into the everyday life of society. The article analyses the causes of corruption in the educational sector, which reflect individual factors of corruption in higher education institutions. The main models of corruption practices in education are investigated. It is concluded that the most significant obstacle to the eradication of corruption in education is the interest and acceptance of its existence both on the part of representatives of the teaching staff of educational institutions and students of all levels. Compliance with the requirements of scientific and pedagogical integrity in educational activities, as well as the avoidance of actions influenced by private interests should become the basis of the educational process in Ukraine.

A model of variant teaching for basic school students in the field of artificial intelligence

Today, the need to educate schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence is emphasized at the state level. However, issues related to the selection of content and organization of teaching in the field of artificial intelligence to students in basic secondary school are still controversial. Basic general education faces the problem of finding ways to improve teaching methods for schoolchildren in the field of artificial intelligence.The scientifically based implementation in the field of artificial intelligence training at the level of basic general education is associated, firstly, with the development of a model for teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in the conditions of variant school education, secondly, with the identification of approaches to organizing such teaching, thirdly, with the selection and structuring of teaching content in the field of artificial intelligence as part of an informatics course in basic secondary school, fourthly, with the integration of the teaching content in the field of artificial intelligence into various organizational forms of school education. This determined the purpose of the study.As a result of the study, approaches to the formation of the content of variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence were identified, a model of variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence at the level of basic general education was created, the principles of implementation of the proposed training model was highlighted, thematic modules for basic and in-depth training in the field of artificial intelligence were identified, educational and methodological materials were developed (theoretical educational material, practical tasks, laboratory work, methodological recommendations, etc.) for variant teaching in the field of artificial intelligence in the basic secondary school. Testing of the educational and methodological materials was carried out at sites in certain educational organizations in Moscow.

Research on the Design of Zhuang Brocade Patterns Based on Automatic Pattern Generation

To promote the inheritance of Zhuang brocade culture and the rapid extraction of features and automatic generation of patterns, this paper constructs a feature dataset of Zhuang brocade patterns and proposes an automatic generation technology using relative coordinates and regional content replacement. Firstly, by sorting through a large number of cases, a feature dataset of Zhuang brocade patterns is constructed. For the significant features of Zhuang brocade patterns, intelligent extraction algorithms and processes are used to effectively extract the color matching, patterns, and organizational forms of the patterns into the feature dataset. Secondly, to generate Zhuang brocade patterns quickly, an automatic generation technology based on genotype encoding and regional replacement algorithms is proposed, which encodes these pattern elements into a format that can be interpreted by computer algorithms. Finally, through similarity evaluation, the method’s feasibility for rapid extraction and generation of Zhuang brocade patterns is effectively verified. This method is significant for the inheritance of Zhuang brocade patterns and the development of the intangible cultural heritage industry.

Organizing for value creation in blockchain information systems

Many blockchain consortia have been established to build blockchain information systems. While the developed blockchain information systems were promising, few have reached market entry. Indeed, blockchain consortia often lost development focus due to high system complexity and a lack of understanding of how to create a system that will serve the needs and bring value to all stakeholders. Thus, stakeholders struggled to leverage blockchain information systems' full value. Prior studies demonstrated that blockchain systems pose not only technical but also organizational challenges. Analysing six blockchain consortia, we identify their value mechanisms, organizational problems, and organizational solutions that successful blockchain consortia experience while organizing themselves for value. As a result, we propose a new organizational form, i.e., a layered organization, for blockchain consortia to achieve better value creation.

Pedagogical renewal and intercultural education in Spain: The history of a mismatch?

In this article, we examine the relationship established between what the history of education in Spain has identified as "pedagogical renewal" and the proposals, experiences, reflections, meetings and training spaces framed in what at the time was identified as "intercultural education". This analysis stems from the apparent disappearance of everything generated around "intercultural education" throughout the 1990s from the historical account of pedagogical renewal. Faced with this apparent mismatch, the authors of the article argue that the main characteristics of the intercultural proposal (in terms of organisational forms, the global nature of its proposals and critical spirit questioning some of the basic pillars of the dominant educational system and model) would allow it to be identified with the movements, proposals and practices of pedagogical renewal. Additionally, the authors highlight the commitment and involvement of individuals, groups and journals aligned with the pedagogical renewal in the promotion and defence of intercultural education. Consequently, the authors finally propose some key insights that may help us understand why this presence and participation tends to be overlooked in the historiographical account of the renewal.

CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND THE PLACE OF A LAWYER IN IT

The relevance of the studied topic is that subjects of administrative law are one of the most important elements of the legal system, since we are talking about such participants in admin­istrative-legal relations who solve tasks and perform the functions of executive power, who co­ordinate administrative and control-supervisory powers in branches of state administration and local self-government, consider cases of administrative offenses committed by individuals and legal entities in various spheres of public life, etc. It is important to clearly classify the place of each element of the system of administrative legal relations, in order to understand the direct powers and duties assigned to it. Without a deep understanding of the assigned role by each participant in administrative and legal relations, the very functioning of such a system is at risk. The main problems that need to be considered and solved at the new stage of the develop­ment of modern science and practice include the definition of subjects of administrative law, the analysis of their essence and features, as well as the outline of the main criteria for clas­sification. A necessary condition for the successful reform of administrative law as a fundamental branch of Ukrainian state law is the updating of the provisions of the theoretical and method­ological base of administrative and legal science. The article examines the systems of classification of subjects of administrative law exist­ing in modern legal science. The essence and content of the concept of “subject of administra­tive law”, as well as generally accepted definitions of this term, were studied. An attempt was made to establish the place of a lawyer in the system of subjects of admin­istrative law of Ukraine. A comprehensive approach to distinguishing and classifying a lawyer as a subject of administrative law is applied, taking into account the peculiarities of legal status, organizational and legal form of activity and the scope of public powers. However, the analysis of special literature shows that only a few researchers tried to con­sider the lawyer as a subject of administrative law or to determine his place in the accepted classifications.

PatternJ: an ImageJ toolset for the automated and quantitative analysis of regular spatial patterns found in sarcomeres, axons, somites, and more.

Regular spatial patterns are ubiquitous forms of organization in nature. In animals, regular patterns can be found from the cellular scale to the tissue scale, and from early stages of development to adulthood. To understand the formation of these patterns, how they assemble and mature, and how they are affected by perturbations, a precise quantitative description of the patterns is essential. However, accessible tools that offer in-depth analysis without the need for computational skills are lacking for biologists. Here, we present PatternJ, a novel toolset to analyze regular one-dimensional patterns precisely and automatically. This toolset, to be used with the popular imaging processing program ImageJ/Fiji, facilitates the extraction of key geometric features within and between pattern repeats in static images and time-lapse series. We validate PatternJ with simulated data and test it on images of sarcomeres from insect muscles and contracting cardiomyocytes, actin rings in neurons, and somites from zebrafish embryos obtained using confocal fluorescence microscopy, STORM, electron microscopy, and brightfield imaging. We show that the toolset delivers subpixel feature extraction reliably even with images of low signal-to-noise ratio. PatternJ's straightforward use and functionalities make it valuable for various scientific fields requiring quantitative one-dimensional pattern analysis, including the sarcomere biology of muscles or the patterning of mammalian axons, speeding up discoveries with the bonus of high reproducibility.

Social Determinants of Health as a Dimension of State Policy: A Comparative Analysis

This article explores the extensive international regulatory frameworks governing the healthcare sector, with a primary focus on developed nations worldwide, encompassing the United States, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The authors offer insights into various national healthcare systems, contending that the regulatory paradigms within this industry are inextricably linked to the socio-economic policies specific to each country. Modern healthcare systems are deemed "advantageous" due to the emergence of mixed healthcare structures and diverse organizational forms, undergoing constant reform across the globe. The authors underscore the imperative need for effectively institutionalizing the healthcare sector. While acknowledging the inherent imperfections within the various healthcare organizational models mentioned, the article posits that a judiciously structured healthcare paradigm uniquely possesses the capacity to augment both the quality and accessibility of healthcare—a pivotal determinant for the amelioration of overall quality of life and citizen well-being.

On the economics of co-opting in energy sector

The purpose of the work is to formulate the main provisions of the co-opting economy and detail them using the case method in the field of energy. Elizabeth Watkins and David Stark from Columbia University (USA) put forward the concept of Möbius organizational forms. Unlike traditional forms in business, Möbius forms do not Make, Buy or Cooperate, they Co-opt assets that do not belong to them. In 2019, the author of this work proposed the term "paraphernalia", which reflects the essence of the theory, but the name is more suitable for the Global Informality Project online encyclopedia, in which it was published. The co-opting economics is a social science about the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods and services with non-violent, but non-cooperative appropriation of assets belonging to others to satisfy one's own needs. The original formula of the co-opting economy is: money-commodity-money with a dash and an additional commodity (good) received for free, which is produced with the help of assets belonging to other owners. Theoretical studies were carried out using the case method. The effect of the co-opting economy is demonstrated on the example of the Sukha Balka mine (Kryvyi Rih). The mine has shafts hoists. In the process of moving loads, hoist generate electricity that is recovered and fed back into the network. The author introduces the conditional category "Mechanics", whose asset is mine hoist, and the category "Energeticians", whose asset is power distribution networks. The additional energy resource received by the Mechanics flows through the network to the Energeticians and becomes their property. There is a co-optation of assets that do not belong to Energeticians, with the receipt of a product that they use to meet their own needs. Such a virtual power plant does not belong to any energy company, but helps it to overcome the shortage of electricity during times of maximum load. Here, too, energy companies adhere to the economy of co-optation, because the generating assets they use are not their property. By adopting legislative acts on the introduction of the active consumer category, the state indirectly contributes to the development of the co-optation economy.

When Infant Mortality Was Born: Dutch Preventive Child Health Care without the State, 1890–1930

Abstract This article investigates the emergence of Dutch preventive child health care in the first decades of the twentieth century. It shows that the rise of collective action on this terrain followed from the recognition of “infant mortality” as a public problem – a late–nineteenth century configuration that went hand in hand with the professionalisation of paediatrics. It also shows that the organisational forms that this collective action took depended on whose health was perceived to be at stake in specific articulations of the public problem of infant mortality. Finally, this article explores the motives of the Dutch state in the organisation of public health in the interbellum and queries the relationship between the state and public health more broadly. Drawing on pragmatist philosophy, we argue that states are best understood as the result of historically contingent processes that take on different forms in different times and places. Such histories enable a better view of the elements at play in the organisation of collective action and of the pivotal role played therein by the perception of public problems.

Neither Mergers nor Cartels: Innovation Networks and Competition Law

Abstract Organization theorists and innovation economists have been arguing for the past few decades that the locus of research and development activities has gradually moved away from vertically integrated firms to inter-firm alliances. In industries as diverse as construction and biotechnology, cooperation for innovation has given rise to collaborative forms of industrial organization varying from bilateral alliances to networks. Nonetheless, the EU competition law framework opens up limited space for inter-firm collaborations, cabined by the efficiency test of Article 101(3) TFEU and the requirements of the horizontal block exemption regulations. Building on this misfit, this article makes two contributions. First, a theoretical one, arguing that the law’s cautious approach to inter-firm collaboration is rooted in a binary vision of industrial organization which recognizes only firms and markets as modes of organizing production. Second, an explanatory one, showing how the 2023 Research & Development Block Exemption Regulation falls short of facilitating inter-firm collaborations for innovation and proposing fine-tuning suggestions.

FORMS OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS ORGANIZATION IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CRISIS IN UKRAINE

The review article identifies and characterizes the current state and peculiarities of the organization of the educational process in preschool educational institutions in the context of the crisis in Ukraine. The normative documents regulating the specifics of preschool education institutions are analyzed. The challenges in organizing the educational process in various forms are substantiated. The features of implementing various forms of preschool education under the legal regime of martial law are characterized. The issues of organizing the educational process in preschool education institutions in the new realities are analyzed in detail, the lack of systematic research and the novelty of the problem of the mixed form of organization of preschool education in the context of the crisis in Ukraine are established. The author identifies barriers to the organization of educational activities in the context of the crisis in Ukraine. The author presents statistical data from the operational information of the departments of education of the regional military administrations as of February 15, 2024, on the organization of the educational process in preschool education institutions in various forms of education, the number of children covered by preschool education and the human resources of teachers. It is noted that an important place in the new realities should be occupied by rethinking the system of methodological work. The formation of teachers' reflective skills, training of a teacher-facilitator who ensures successful communication between all participants in the educational process, helps parents and guides their actions, enabling them to act independently and supporting their desire for self-realization, self-improvement, and self-development should come to the fore. This is one of the main challenges of organizing the educational process during martial law. The organization of the educational process cannot have a rigid construct of planning and organization and must be replaced by a flexible response to the "live" situation, taking into account the real needs and interests of children, which is now a necessity. In the article, the author notes that teaching teams should act more independently and responsibly, realizing all the risks in the specific conditions in which they have to work, meaningfully assessing their potential and resources to preserve the life and health of all participants in the educational process and implement the State Standard. Partnering with parents is one of the most important conditions for organizing the educational process in the context of the crisis in Ukraine.

Perception of IT teachers on their methodological development: A case at Kazakhstan universities

This paper provides an analysis of the viewpoints of IT discipline teachers at Kazakhstani universities regarding the need for the development of methodological competence. The purpose of this study is to provide IT teachers with a philosophy of necessity to develop their methodological basis to train future IT specialists. The sociological survey was conducted among them and the answers to the questionnaire showed that teachers understand the relationship between their methodological training and the quality of education. The interviewed teachers use a variety of technologies and methods of teaching and evaluating the achievement of learning outcomes by students in the educational process which indicates that they have a certain level of methodological competence. Nevertheless, the problem of unclear understanding of the differences between the concepts of technology and teaching method is revealed. This suggests the need for measures to strengthen the general pedagogical training of teachers. The study’s findings have shown that IT discipline teachers at Kazakhstani universities understand the need for constant development of their methodological competence. The opinion of teachers in the IT discipline about the need to develop methodological competence is positive and they are ready for continuous improvement. The study gives a foundation for research on the level of formation of methodological competence in general and its components, organizational forms of development of methodological competence and the possibility of strengthening the general pedagogical training of future teachers of IT disciplines.

FURTHER LIGHT on LANCASTER’S LATER EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS

This article builds on the foundations provided by the History of Parliament Trust, utilising previously unconsidered documents from the papers of the Dukes of Hamilton to chart and analyse the conduct of parliamentary elections in later eighteenth-century Lancaster. It shows that these elections were more contentious than previously thought; the full range of political issues at play in these elections, and the engagement of the freemen electorate with these; and forms of electoral management and organisation in use that were not known in the borough until now. It places these new insights in the context of Lancaster’s electoral politics through the long eighteenth-century, and draws out developments in this period that played an important role in the borough’s nineteenth-century elections.