Organization Of Division Research Articles

Organizational Management Tool Applied in Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program

The undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship training program of China provides a good platform for colleges and universities to developing innovation and entrepreneurship education. This paper applies organizational management tool to design organization structure pattern, project organizational division of labor table and confirm working process of undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship training program, based on organizational management of Heilongjiang Institute of Technology. The practice indicates the applying organizational management methods innovate undergraduate teaching management pattern. Innovation and entrepreneurship education of everyday teaching management safeguards the developing of undergraduate innovation and entrepreneurship training program.

Soup kitchens and Yugoslav poor relief between the two world wars

The article examines the activities of Prehrana, one of the most prominent charity organisations in Zagreb and in Croatia between the two world wars, whose main activity was to provide hot meals for the needy. The analysis firstly shows how this organization, which had been established in the Habsburg period, became part of the local Jewish philanthropic tradition, and an integral part of public assistance to the poor during the interwar years, thus somewhat blurring the border between the private and the public. Secondly, I show how Prehrana, although quite a traditional charity institution with regard to its organisation and gender division of labour, nonetheless shaped its philanthropic activity in new ways: existing practices were remodelled and new infrastructures were created. This case study is emblematic of the prominent role played by voluntary associations in the interwar Eastern European transition from traditional poor relief to the socialist welfare regime. Finally, the article argues that voluntary and public organizations were both deeply concerned with the issue of social control. Carefully distinguishing the poor along hierarchised social scales, refining and deepening gender and social differences, humanitarian associations like Prehrana significantly contributed to shaping and disciplining poverty in Yugoslav interwar society.

Increasing the performance of a Mobile Ad-hoc Network using a game-theoretic approach to drone positioning

This paper contains general information concerning angiosurgeons activity of St. Petersburg regional vascular centers at the period from 2011 to 2015. In particular specialists’ activities assessment obtained by modeling of municipal multi-field hospitals medical assistance are provided for 403 patients with critical limb ischemia. All the patients’ arterial beds were affected by atherosclerosis. Open reconstruction of arteries was performed for 278 patients, endovascular revascularization — for 51, and 15 patients underwent hybrid surgery. In 55 cases it was decided to abstain from the revascularization. In case of open surgical services endarterectomy loop formed by aortoiliac and femoropopliteal segments (190) as well as shunting arterial reconstructions (45) prevailed. In case of endoarterial treatment vascular correction was performed in femoropopliteal tibial segments (37 observations). In cases of refusal to reconstruct the arteries, amputation of lower limbs (15) and lumbar sympathectomy (14) was performed. Angiotropic therapy took place in 30 cases. In the early postoperative period, the complications of open surgical treatment were detected in 21.6 % of cases; complications of endovascular surgical treatment — in 15 % and complications of hybrid surgical treatment — in 13.3 % of cases. Among the complications, the vascular thrombosis in the area of their reconstruction (35 %) and the lack of blood supply to the limbs tissues in permeate vessels (19.7 %) prevailed. No fatal cases were observed. In general, the use of endovascular and hybrid reconstructions of the vascular bed at the specialized divisions of medical organizations for patients with critical limb ischemia and multifocal atherosclerosis justifies itself.

Public Health of United Territorial Communities in Ukraine

The article highlights basic principles of state and public administration of individual health care and public health care of united territorial communities, which are the basis for public community in Ukraine. With the adaptation of the Law of Ukraine “On deliberate union of territorial communities”, a new stage of decentralization of state power, reforms of local government as well as administrative and territorial reforms started in Ukraine. Distribution of budget for health care between district budget and budget of united territorial communities required organizational and structural division of health care system, which provided medical care for individuals of corresponding residential areas. Depending on the health group and the diagnosis, a complex of rehabilitating and restorative curative measures is developed for the formation, preservation and strengthening health of the healthy and for restoration of health of the sick people in the following year. The integrative function of family doctors of the united territorial communities allows to provide: the unified process of formation, preservation and strengthening health of the healthy people of various age and gender groups; early disease detection, primary prevention of diseases, remedial treatment and medical and social rehabilitation of patients and injured people with high quality and efficacy.

Digital Urban Studies: Collaboration Problems with Patterns of Coordination

Inside urban digital projects, clashes occur between scholars (urbanists, anthropologists, sociologists, geographers, etc.) and technical specialists (programmers, data analysts, web developers, etc.). These clashes take the form of misunderstanding from the lack of a single language, and the criticism of the normative methodologies of each other, both of which allows us to highlight typical problems. From the materials of in-depth interviews with representatives of urban projects dealing with digital methods and data, we show that the projects create two main directions to resolve problems and coordinate participants from different epistemological traditions: one direction is finding a common language, which is a more pragmatic mode of coordination through “border objects.” We demonstrate these two areas using the example of working with data and methods within interdisciplinary teams. In addition, we single out five patterns of coordination between urban scholars and programmers (a mixture of expertise, collaboration, formal management, temporary assembly, and the orders). Their predominance depends on the presence of institutional pressure, the organizational division of labor, the availability of financial resources for hiring technical specialists and managers, as well as a strong leader who determines the situation.

Possibilities of using endovascular methods of treatment of patients with critical limb ischemia in regional vascular centers

General information about the activity of specialists of the regional vascular centers of St. Petersburg in 2011-2015 is presented. and on the private results of the work of the staff of the center of one of the city’s multidisciplinary hospitals with an assessment of the data on the cases of treatment of 403 patients with critical limb ischemia against the background of arterial lesions of atherosclerosis. Four groups of patients were identified: 278 patients who underwent open reconstruction of the arteries of the lower extremities; 51, who underwent endovascular revascularization; 15, who underwent hybrid surgical interventions. Revascularization was not performed in 55 patients. Among the open operations, loop endarterectomy from the aortoiliac and femoral-popliteal segments (190) and shunting arterial reconstructions (45) prevailed. In endovascular interventions, femoral-popliteal-tibial segments were predominantly corrected - 37 cases. Hybrid operations in 100% of cases are performed through accesses through the femoral arteries. In case of refusal of reconstruction due to the absence of an anatomic substrate for the reconstruction of the vessels, primary amputation of the lower limb (15), lumbar sympathectomy (14) were performed. In 30 cases, angiotropic therapy was performed. Complications of open surgical interventions in the early postoperative period were revealed in 21,6%, endovascular - in 15% of cases, hybrid operations were noted in 13,3% (in total91 complications in 70 patients). Thrombosis of the vascular reconstruction area (35%) and inadequacy of perfusion of limb tissues in permeable vessels (19,7%) prevailed in the structure of complications. There were no lethal outcomes. In general, the use of endovascular and hybrid reconstructions of the vascular bed in specialized divisions of medical organizations in patients with critical limb ischemia with multifocal atherosclerosis contributes to a significant reduction in the frequency of negative consequences of surgical revascularization of the lower extremities.

Joseph Mark Gani 1924–2016

Joe Gani, as he was universally known, was born in Cairo, Egypt, on 15 December 1924 and died in Canberra on 12 April 2016. A visionary leader, mentor, and brilliant organizer, he created the Journal of Applied Probability, and was Chief of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Division of Mathematics and Statistics. A distinguished academic career included posts at the Universities of Sheffield, Kentucky, California at Santa Barbara, and the Australian National University. His numerous research contributions are dominated by stochastic modelling, especially epidemic theory.

Recruitment synchrony in spatially structured Newfoundland and Labrador populations of American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides)

Appropriate stock delineation is one of the fundamentals for reliable stock assessment. Investigating stock delineation is not a common practice on regularly assessed stocks, yet it is highly desirable prior to extensive investment into new assessment approaches for a stock. Recruitment correlations are an important determinant of stock boundaries, and in this paper, we investigate these correlations between American plaice stocks/components in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Divisions 2J3KLMNOPs. Currently, American plaice in 2J3K are managed as part of the Labrador and the northeast coast of Newfoundland stock, 3LNO as the Grand Bank stock, and sub-Division 3Ps as the St Pierre Bank stock. We estimated mixed-effect cohort-strength models using abundance indices from Canadian Research Vessel (RV) surveys conducted every year in the spring (3LNOPs) and fall (2J3KLMNO) and investigated the correlation in the recruitment patterns of American plaice in these NAFO divisions. We performed cluster analysis to assess if the estimated correlations are consistent with the current stock delineations. We further explored causative/correlative relationships between spawning stock biomass (SSB), temperature, and recruitment. Our analyses supported the separation of the 2J3K northeast coast stock from the Grand Bank (3LNO) and St Pierre (3Ps) stocks. Our analysis showed strong synchrony in recruitment patterns between the 3LNO and 3Ps regions indicating either interactions in American plaice populations between the Grand Bank and St Pierre stocks, or strong environmental influences on recruitment success that affect both stocks similarly. Our analyses of recruitment correlations with SSB and temperature did not indicate strong associations except for significant correlations between recruitment and SSB between 3L and 3Ps.

Mnohost v jednotě lidské a ekleziální osoby: Podněty teorie dialogického self pro rozjímání o církvi

Over the course of history distinct ecclesial communities emerged within Christianity emphasizing different values and varied aspects of the one faith. They meet for conversations and mutually recognize one another as separate corporative entities with their own identities and responsibilities. Their members also constitute a single temple inhabited by one Spirit, incorporated by baptism into one Lord and with one God at work in them, so that they are in some sense one community with a single identity. A theologian may obtain new insight into this mystery through the Dialogical Self Theory, which construes the human self as constituted by a multitude of I-positions with different, often contradictory, narrative voices, each telling its own story. It allows for a positive interpretation of the organizational division of the one Catholic Church as a process of articulating the ecclesial I-positions. This enables the Church to lead an internal dialogue in which it can be transformed and discover the fullness of the meanings entrusted to it. The paper presents DST intended to describe human individuals and its possible application to ecclesial reality.

Comparative Time-Scale Gene Expression Analysis Highlights the Infection Processes of Two Amoebophrya Strains.

Understanding factors that generate, maintain, and constrain host-parasite associations is of major interest to biologists. Although little studied, many extremely virulent micro-eukaryotic parasites infecting microalgae have been reported in the marine plankton. This is the case for Amoebophrya, a diverse and highly widespread group of Syndiniales infecting and potentially controlling dinoflagellate populations. Here, we analyzed the time-scale gene expression of a complete infection cycle of two Amoebophrya strains infecting the same host (the dinoflagellate Scrippsiella acuminata), but diverging by their host range (one infecting a single host, the other infecting more than one species). Over two-thirds of genes showed two-fold differences in expression between at least two sampled stages of the Amoebophrya life cycle. Genes related to carbohydrate metabolism as well as signaling pathways involving proteases and transporters were overexpressed during the free-living stage of the parasitoid. Once inside the host, all genes related to transcription and translation pathways were actively expressed, suggesting the rapid and extensive protein translation needed following host-cell invasion. Finally, genes related to cellular division and components of the flagellum organization were overexpressed during the sporont stage. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the biological basis of the host-parasitoid interaction, we screened proteins involved in host-cell recognition, invasion, and protection against host-defense identified in model apicomplexan parasites. Very few of the genes encoding critical components of the parasitic lifestyle of apicomplexans could be unambiguously identified as highly expressed in Amoebophrya. Genes related to the oxidative stress response were identified as highly expressed in both parasitoid strains. Among them, the correlated expression of superoxide dismutase/ascorbate peroxidase in the specialist parasite was consistent with previous studies on Perkinsus marinus defense. However, this defense process could not be identified in the generalist Amoebophrya strain, suggesting the establishment of different strategies for parasite protection related to host specificity.

Organisations as systems – difficulties in model development and validation

ABSTRACTThe quantitative analysis of organisations as systems can only proceed with confidence if the underlying models are truly representative and have been validated. Without such models, the outcomes of any quantitative analysis can be criticised. This paper contends that organisations are perhaps one of the most confronting systems to model, and validation of any models proposed by researchers is fraught with obstacles. This is not a reflection on the ability of researchers, but rather a commentary on the nature of organisations. It follows that the state-of-the-art of understanding organisations is quite primitive when compared with engineering and technical systems. The difficulties in modelling and validation lie in a number of issues, and these are outlined in the paper. These issues include the hierarchical and multilevel nature of organisations, people involvement, homomorphism, the diversity of organisations, culture, personal and organisational value systems, work division, organisational structures, coordination, and span of management.

The role of the Web site as a relationship building tool in Polish non-profit organizations

Dialogic communication which derives from a two-way symmetrical communication model is considered to be an important foundation for long-lasting positive relationships with organizations and the public. The purpose of the current study was to examine the largest Polish Public Benefit Organization Web sites to determine the extent to which they use dialogic communication rules in relationship building. Also, the relation between the Web site dialogic potential and the amount of organizational revenue was scrutinized. The revenue was analyzed on two levels: total revenue acquired during the tax year and the amount of the annual 1% of personal income tax. The results of the study indicate that Web sites of analyzed organizations fail to fully implement the dialogic communication principles. The statistical correlation between the sum of annual revenue and 1% of personal income tax and the utilization of dialogic principles was partially supported. Non-profits appeared to show their greatest strengths in providing basic information to online users, such as a mission statement, organization logo and history, short loading time, general contact information on the homepage and major links on the homepage to subpages. Organizational division into three clusters highlighted quite significant differences in the utilization of dialogic principles. The Web sites of the largest Polish PBOs in terms of total annual revenue and 1% of personal income tax are characterized by significantly higher dialogic communication potential.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.29.3.18053

Expression analysis of vitellogenins in the workers of the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta).

Vitellogenin has been proposed to regulate division of labor and social organization in social insects. The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) harbors four distinct, adjacent vitellogenin genes (Vg1, Vg2, Vg3, and Vg4). Contrary to honey bees that have a single Vg ortholog as well as potentially fertile nurses, and to other ant species that lay trophic eggs, S. invicta workers completely lack ovaries or the ability to lay eggs. This provides a unique model to investigate whether Vg duplication in S. invicta was followed by subfunctionalization to acquire non-reproductive functions and whether Vg was co-opted to regulate behavior within the worker caste. To investigate these questions, we compared the expression patterns of S. invicta Vg genes among workers from different morphological subcastes or performing different tasks. RT-qPCRs revealed higher relative expression of Vg1 in major workers compared to both medium and minor workers, and of Vg2 in major workers when compared to minor workers. Relative expression of Vg1 was also higher in carbohydrate foragers when compared to nurses and protein foragers. By contrast, the level of expression of Vg2, Vg3, and Vg4 were not significantly different among the workers performing the specific tasks. Additionally, we analyzed the relationship between the expression of the Vg genes and S-hydroprene, a juvenile hormone analog. No changes in Vg expression were recorded in workers 12 h after application of the analog. Our results suggest that in S. invicta the Vg gene underwent subfunctionalization after duplication to new functions based on the expression bias observed in these data. This may suggest an alternative and still unknown function for Vg in the workers that needs to be investigated further.

The current status and considerations on the training of pediatric neurologists in the Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University

Most of the developed countries in the world have established a complete system of training of specialists consistent with their respective national circumstances. On the basis of continuously improving the training of clinical residencies in our country, we have started the formal training of pediatric neurologists. This article introduces the current status of pediatric specialists training in Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and the western region in China and puts forward relevant suggestions by comparing itself with that in North America, including: (1) establishing a perfect organizational structure and division of responsibilities of the training base, (2) standardizing the system of admission, (3) prolonging the training time and establishing a comprehensive training mode, (4) formulating strict assessment system and forming a standardized assessment model, (5) ensuring continuous and adequate financial support. Key words: Children; Neurologist training; Training system

Statisticians, economists and the ‘new economic order’ in wartime Italy (1940–1943)

From 1940 to 1943, Italian economists and statisticians were actively engaged in discussions that ranged from immediate concerns about war economy to more speculative issues that can be summarized under the then-fashionable label of the ‘new economic order’. The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of these debates by focusing, on the one hand, on the related themes of autarky, the new ‘Mediterranean order’ and postwar supranational economic complexes, and, on the other hand, on those of corporatism and economic planning. Both the idea of an economic plan and that of an organized division of labor among countries within a politically defined large economic space clashed directly with views associated with the tenets of economic liberalism, also dear to many Italian economists. On each theme, positions taken may be connected to expectations regarding the postwar world. Special attention will be given to various statistical devices and arguments put forward by protagonists to sustain their views or implement their projects.

National Identity, Club Citizenship, and the Formation of the Canadian Wheelman’s Association, 1883–87

This article draws on commentary and articles published in the Canadian Wheelman’s Association’s (CWA) journal—The Canadian Wheelman—during its first four years (1883–87), as this group of elite young men developed a distinctive Anglo-Canadian cycling identity in the face of pressure from their US counterparts to become a subordinate state division of the larger US Wheelmen organization. The League of American Wheelmen proposed the absorption of the CWA as a fitting termination. In a small way, this episode exemplifies American attitudes toward Canada at a time of rapid American expansion and Canadian resistance to that project. Events indicate the emergence among Canadian wheelmen of a distinctive national identity that retained close allegiance to British cycling culture, adapted to the long winters by engaging in complementary winter sports, took pleasure in boisterous club gatherings, rode with enthusiasm during the cycling season, and ultimately defied geopolitical pressure to be absorbed into the American system.

The Path of Improving China Water Environment Through Green Infrastructures and Ecological Engineering Facilities

In recent years, ecological progress has been promoted and given high priority by Chinese government. The improvement of urban water environment, as an important part of urban construction, should also be included in the ecological progress. This paper focuses on upgrading the quality of urban water environment in China. The study introduces the requirements of the ecological progress, and analyses the problems of water environment caused by urban development. A large number of research and case studies have been done to explore the paths, models and methods which improves urban water environment from both meso-scope and micro-scope. The analysis shows that urban water environment can be improved through three innovations-theoretical innovation, technological innovation and management mechanism innovation. The meso-scope model of ecological urban water system is proposed as a theoretical innovation. Technological innovations such as hybrid ecological pond, in-situ purification of contaminated water and low carbon treatment for the integrated drainage system have been confirmed to be effective on improving the water quality and environment. As the management and mechanism innovation, clear responsibility division of government, social organization and individuals and new business models are also useful. It is suggested that the innovations in three fields discussed above should be gradually decomposed and implemented at the micro level, so as to develop the path of urban water environment improvement, which suitable for China.

ON UNIFICATION OF ALGORITHMS FOR CALCULATING THE INDIRECT COSTS OF MEDICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC DEPARTMENTS OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS

The article considers the methodological approaches to the calculation of the indirect costs of medical and diagnostic units of medical organizations. Indirect costs include the costs incurred to support the operation of several divisions of medical organizations. In this paper we introduce the concept of a "cost center" - functional structural units that perform certain medical diagnostic services, as well as ancillary services and services that are directly related to the process of providing medical care to patients, as well as those necessary for the operation of the institution as a whole. The classification of cost centers in a medical organization is also proposed depending on the volume of medical care provided. The centers A are general administrative and business units, the expenses of which are distributed to all other cost centers and practically independent of the volume of medical care provided; M centers - medical and diagnostic units where direct medical care is provided to patients (main cost centers); B centers - auxiliary cost centers, whose costs are allocated to M centers, and partially between B centers; (hospital pharmacy, nutrition unit, sterilization department, blood transfusion unit, laundry, polyclinic registry, medical equipment department, etc.), and P centers - other units in the structure of the medical organization - resource consumers who are not involved and do not provide medical services to the institution ; such centers are scientific and educational units, as well as premises and equipment leased by a medical institution to external organizations. Based on the proposed classification of cost centers, the article describes algorithms for calculating the indirect costs of medical diagnostic units using mathematical notations and formulas. As a result, the authors have generated a formal model of cost allocation between all the cost centers identified in the institution, represented in the form of an oriented graph, the vertices of which denote the set of cost centers, the directed arcs indicate the flow of cost distribution between the centers relating to the corresponding functional class, as well as distribution of general organizational expenses. In conclusion, the authors have noted that the use of these algorithms makes it possible to improve the accuracy of calculating the cost of performing medical services in the conduct of clinical and economic analysis of medical technologies, and this approach can be used in setting tariffs for payment of medical care by health authorities and CMI funds

THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE GEORGES HEIGHTS EXPERIMENTAL RADAR ANTENNA TO AUSTRALIAN RADIO ASTRONOMY

During the late 1940s and throughout the 1950s Australia was one of the world's foremost astronomical nations owing primarily to the dynamic Radio Astronomy Group within the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organisation's Division of Radiophysics based in Sydney. The earliest celestial observations were made with former WWII radar antennas and simple Yagi aerials attached to recycled radar receivers, before more sophisticated purpose-built radio telescopes of various types were designed and developed. One of the recycled WWII antennas that was used extensively for pioneering radio astronomical research was an experimental radar antenna that initially was located at the Division's short-lived Georges Heights Field Station but in 1948 was relocated to the new Potts Hill Field Station in suburban Sydney. In this paper we describe this unique antenna, and discuss the wide-ranging solar, galactic and extragalactic research programs that it was used for.

Economic and Mathematical Model of Business Struggle with a Vertically Integrated Company in the Market

The paper contains an analysis of the market structure when the inferior process chain company supplies the superior company with input resources and at the same time is vertically integrated with one of the superior companies. The possible anticompetitive effects of such vertically integrated structures are analyzed as well as the influence of information flows between inferior and superior enterprises of the sector on drivers of innovation and national welfare. These issues are relevant, if important information, in particular, information technology, design and specific characteristics of the product is available to inferior and superior sector enterprises. This situation is typical for high-tech sectors in which the inferior and superior product information exchange needs ensuring compatibility of products and preventing the additional costs of adjustment and increased functionality. The problem of assessing the appropriateness of imposing a ban on various divisions of a vertically integrated company to exchange non-public information received by one of its divisions from external sources is important. In the case of such a restriction, the inferior organizational division of a vertically integrated company may use personal information of the superior competitor only within the powers of its supplier, and cannot make it public for its superior organizational division as an example. The aim of the research is to develop an economic and mathematical model of business struggle with a vertically integrated company in the market. The paper contains the hypotheses and supporting evidence.