Organization Of Innovative Activity Research Articles

The role of collaborations in the organization of innovation activities

The article discusses current forms of collaborations and partnerships at different stages of creation and development of innovative and technological infrastructure in the Novosibirsk Region and suggests expanding the possibilities of their choice in the organization of innovation activities.

The Tax Burden as One of the Conditions Contributing to the Shadow Economy in the Russian Regions

The article is devoted to the study of conditions conducive to the growth of the shadow economy in Russian regions. Special attention is paid to assessing the impact of the tax burden on the scale of the shadow economy. The article is devoted to the study of the shadow economy in the Russian regions. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristics by Russian regions with a high level of the shadow economy. In the study the methods of correlation analysis, factor analysis, and cluster analysis were used. The research revealed an inverse correlation between the amount of shadow employment and the level of the tax burden. In the regions with a low level of tax burden, a significant level of shadow employment is usually observed. There is also an inverse correlation between the value of shadow employment and labor productivity, measured by the value of Gross Regional Product (GRP) per capita. An inverse correlation was found between the scale of the shadow economy and the level of development of innovation processes in the region, which is measured by the number of advanced production technologies used per capita and the level of innovation activity of organizations. The study revealed an inverse correlation between the level of shadow employment and the share of industries in GRP, the correlation coefficient in 2019 was –0.5198. A direct correlation was found between the level of shadow employment and the share of social sectors in GRP, in 2019 the correlation coefficient was 0,5890. The obtained results allowed us to identify the factors that favor the growth of the shadow economy. Among them, the backlog of the regions in economic and innovative development comes to the fore. The research findings can be used by the state authorities for developing regional economic policies aimed to reduce the scale of the shadow economy.

Formation and development of factors influencing the innovative potential of the organization

Innovation management and innovation capacity enhancement are becoming one of the most important and significant issues in modern science and practice. The study of the influence of transformational leadership on innovation potential has shown the possibilities of providing an understanding of the cause-and-effect relationships between them and their subsequent impact on the performance indicators of ecronomic systems of the «organization» type. Deepening the relationship between transformational leadership and the attributes of innovative activity of organizations supports and develops human capital and maintains a high socio-psychological climate of collectives and processes in the economic environment.

Dynamics of Innovation Activity in the Context of the Narrative Economics Approach

The purpose of this paper is the explanation of the dynamics of innovation activity in Russia (on the example of the level of innovation activity of organizations) and identification of the problems for innovative development, based on the methodology of narrative institutional analysis. Research methods are narrative and content analysis, a graphical method for displaying statistical data. The study formulates the differences in the interpretation and methods of analysis of narratives between the narrative economy (in the tradition of R. Schiller) and the narrative analysis in other social sciences. The application of the approach of narrative economics to the study of the Russian innovation system provides a study of narratives that combines the qualitative and quantitative research methods. Narratives in R. Schiller’s approach are interpreted as stories or expressed explanations of events, discussed in conversations, news, and social media to stimulate interest or demonstrate emotions. The problem of interrelation between the narratives about the innovation activity and the indicators of the innovation activity is considered. The distinction between the direct and indirect influence of narratives on indicators of innovative activity is proposed. The direct influence of narratives on the indicators of innovation activity may include modifying the methods for calculating indicators. The indirect influence of narratives on the indicators of innovation activity may include modifying the motivation and level of activity of the actors of the national innovation system. The observed dynamics of indicators of innovative activity indicate its stagnation, at the same time, the volume of discussion in the media about innovations is increasing. The paper discusses possible reasons that impede the strengthening of innovative development. The main focus is on assessing the importance of the problem of business demand for innovations and commercialization of innovations. The paper formulates a theoretical framework that summarizes the types of problems that may arise during the implementation of innovative activities. There are five types of problems that may arise during the implementation of innovative activities. The first type of the problems is caused by government compulsion, institutional constraints and intervention in economic activity. The second type of problem is caused by the opportunism of individuals who are selfish at any cost and are capable for violating rules and agreements. The third type of problem is associated with the difficulty of coordination and adapting the plans of free individuals, each of whom has only a part of the common knowledge that should be used in economic activity. The fourth type of problems is the lack of resources and knowledge for innovation; it is well studied by economic science. The fifth type of problems is the inability of individuals to make the optimal choice; in relation to the Russian innovation system, this is only a hypothesis and has not yet been studied. The first three «ideal types» of problems are incorporated in the narrative of the low demand for innovation from the business side.

Innovative development of the Russian grain sector

The innovative development of the grain sector develops in a wave-like manner, with alternating periods of growth and decline in the yield indicator. The innovation activity of agricultural organizations is currently increasing. The analysis shows the industry’s transition to a new technological stage. The priority directions of scientific and technological development are the technologies of grain yield increase, such as biotechnologies of effective accelerated breeding and intensive technologies in seed production; precision farming; biological and organic farming, as well as advanced technologies’ phytomelioration.

Cognitive Modeling of the Impact of Funding to Educational Institutions on the Innovative Activity of Organizations

The purpose of research is to design a cognitive model for determining the degree of influence of targeted funding in educational programs on the innovative activity of an enterprise in different business conditions. As a tool for cognitive modeling, it is proposed to use the tools for constructing a cognitive map that allows analyzing different options of financing scenarios, which are alternatives to impulse modeling in the form of financing in a certain set of factors by introducing perturbations to the vertices of the cognitive map. The main reason for the study is that when creating new products or services for an organization, it is important to constantly increase their market share based on changes in the strategy of innovative activity of the enterprise, which is largely determined by the level of qualification of the workforce. The novelty of the research lies in the use of tools for constructing and using a cognitive map to solve the problem of substantiating the most preferred variant of a set of initial factors to achieve the required maximum values of the target indicators.The research methods are heuristic in nature, aimed at finding such a set of factors that will lead to a given change in the target factor. In order to obtain the final result of changing the target factor, impulse modeling is used, which is carried out by introducing influences into the selected set of vertices of the cognitive map, and in order to find the best set, scenario modeling is used aimed at forming various alternatives. The proposed materials and methods of cognitive modeling are based on the cognitive map, presented in the work of R.Karaev and others [4].Results. This article shows how organizations develop their innovative activities in production processes. This development process is associated with the interaction of enterprises and educational institutions, which is expressed in the joint training of specialists in the required field. To display the interrelation of factors influencing innovation activity in production processes, a model is proposed, which is reflected in the cognitive map of enterprise strategy management expanded by the author. As a result of cognitive modeling according to certain scenarios, recommendations are formed for decision makers on the choice of an innovative development strategy of an enterprise aimed at increasing the company’s market share.Conclusion. The conducted modeling and analysis of the results confirm that innovative activity allows to increase the market share and reduce the price of the company’s products due to investments in educational institutions. In addition to the required changes in the target factors, the proposed funding has a positive effect on other factors reflected in the cognitive map. As a result, the constructed cognitive map can reveal the factors determining the need for investment in educational institutions by organizations, which will increase their innovative activity and economic efficiency.

USE OF INTERACTIVE METHODS IN MUSIC LESSONS

In the application of advanced pedagogical technologies in the educational process in connection with the organization of innovative activities on a scientific basis, it is important to take into account the readiness and interest of students in these activities and the selection of appropriate technology.

Cultural Diversity Drives Innovation: Does Institutional Residence Time Impact Behaviors?

Innovation activities in large organizations are typically conducted by teams. Previous research noted the positive correlation between innovation performance and the cultural diversity of teams, wherein people from different backgrounds approach problems differently and have differing tolerances for risk. In a long term extension of these studies we aim to determine if these proclivities attenuate over time, as members modify & harmonize their behaviors driven by cultural norms of the organization. In an early read out from this effort, cohorts of innovation team members across several continents and representing six of the ten global cultural clusters completed a series of team analytics and questionnaires. The analytics were derived from cross-cultural communication frameworks which have been utilized to assess how culturally associated values influence behavioral traits. The respondents invited to participate were directly involved in innovation projects either as part of their main function or through membership of a specific innovation team and represented a range of experience levels. Subjects were also invited to offer written commentary on team and organizational culture as it applies to innovation. A definitive trend was uncovered wherein employee service time (in years) correlated with moves from cultural group norms towards more moderated, centrist decision making traits and lowered risk taking appetite. Further, specific indicators which correlate to disruptive ideation and innovation performance softened as a function of service time, independent of cultural origins. Together, this may signal a need for innovation teams to be mindful that balance is maintained with respect to members service time and new team entrants are supported to pursue high-risk high-reward ideas.

Региональные факторы эффективности стратегии предприятий и организаций

The purpose of the work was to assess the influence of regional factors on the ef-fectiveness of strategies of enterprises and organizations in the regions. The assessment of the correlation between the profitability of assets of enterprises and the organization, including enterprises of the extractive and manufacturing industries, with indicators characterizing the economy of the regions of Russia is carried out. The data of Rosstat were used. It was found that regional factors have little impact on the effectiveness of the strategy of enterprises and organizations. The influence of regional factors is contradictory. First of all, new fixed assets and inequality of income distribution, productivity and capital-labor ratio can have a positive impact on the profitability of assets of enterprises and organizations. The negative impact on the profitability of assets of enterprises and organizations, first of all, can be caused by the innovative activity of organizations and the export of machinery and equipment. The results obtained suggest that in the context of the continuing dominance of the industrial technological order in the Russian economy, machines and equipment can be offered for export, the competitiveness of which is ensured by low prices. It is possible that the statistics of innovation activity does not reflect the essence of innovations, which can be essentially innovations of in-dustrial technological structures.

Основные региональные факторы производительности труда

To identify the determinants of labor productivity, estimates of the relationship between labor productivity and indicators reflecting the influence of a wide range of socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of Russia for 2015-2018 were obtained. For 2018 and the aggregate of data for 2015-2018, according to statistics from 82 regions of Russia, econometric models were built in the form of a standard internally linear function - an analogue of the Cobb-Douglas production function. The resulting models made it possible to establish the following. The capital-labor ratio, average monthly wages, the ratio of funds (indicator of income inequality), innovative activity of organizations and exports have a significant positive effect on labor productivity in the region. The number of researchers with advanced degrees and the import of machinery and equipment have a significant negative impact on labor productivity in the region. The negative impact on labor productivity in the number of researchers with advanced degrees is associated with problems caused by the command and control principles of science and education management. The ineffectiveness of the import of machinery and equipment testifies to the imperfection of foreign economic relations.

Brand management and marketing of innovations as a basis for ensuring the effectiveness of risk management programs andachieving the planned result from the innovative activities of organizations

Brand management and marketing of innovations as a basis for ensuring the effectiveness of risk management programs andachieving the planned result from the innovative activities of organizations

Innovative Activity of Organizations of Agricultural Sector of the Economy of Orel Region: Key Problems and Ways of Solution

Innovative Activity of Organizations of Agricultural Sector of the Economy of Orel Region: Key Problems and Ways of Solution

О государственной корпорации «РОСБИОМЕД»: организационно-правовой аспект

Relevance. The introduction of the restrictive political and economic measures against the Russian Federation has led to the fact that imports of a number of means, substances and technologies which are necessary for the develop-ment and normal functioning of healthcare, agriculture, veterinary science and some other socially significant areas have become inaccessible. The current situation makes it necessary to stimulate scientific research and innovation activities aimed at developing and creating analogues of means, substances and technologies purchased abroad until recently. However, the task is possible only if a set of legal, organizational and financial issues is resolved. The purpose of this study is to develop theoretical recommendations for improving legislation that that regulates the creation and implementation of new tools, substances and technologies in medicine, agriculture, veterinary science and other sectors of the national economy. Objectives to establish how the sanctions imposed on Russia affected health care, veterinary science, agriculture and other areas; to identify legal problems that impede the development of scientific and innovative activities of organizations engaged in the development of biotechnologies, medicines, medical products and other means of medical, veterinary and agricultural use; to consider the prospects for the creation of a state corporation that carries out research, innovation, implementation, production activities in the field of biology, medicine and biomedical technologies. Methodology. When writing the work, dialectical-materialistic method, systematic method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formal-legal method were used. The results of the study are theoretical and applied nature and contain suggestions for improving Russian leg-islation in terms of legal regulation of the creation and operation of the state corporation engaged in research, innovation, implementation, production activities in the field of biology, medicine and biomedical technologies. Conclusion. The study provided a rationale for the need to adopt a special federal law, on the basis of which the state corporation "ROSBIOMED".

Features of business planning of innovation activities in scientific and educational organizations

The purpose of the article is to summarize existing approaches to business planning, to define the structure of the business plan, to emphasize the difference between business planning of scientific organizations in higher education institutions and the corresponding process in commercial organizations, and Make recommendations on the organization and implementation of the planning procedure for the Russian education and scientific development sector. The article presents the main stages of the innovation process, the specificity of the innovation process, and its two-stage nature (where the first stage is completed with the creation of «novation» and the second - «innovation»). The authors present a business planning process and emphasize the peculiarities of its development in institutions scientific and educational organizations. Based on such analysis, the authors make recommendations for business plan developing for such types of organizations.

Institutional framework for regulating innovative activity of higher education organizations

Subject. I consider parameters of the condition of higher education organizations that are formed under the influence of institutional impact of the State, in the aspect of giving the former the status of a driver of innovative development. Objectives. The aim of the study is to review the institutional framework for regulating the innovation activity of higher education organizations. Methods. The study employs the method of dialectical cognition, as well as historical, structural-functional, systems research methods. Results. The paper presents an overview of institutional framework for regulating the innovation activity of universities, resulting from the growing importance of higher education organizations in the development of innovative economic relations at the present stage. It analyzes government initiatives aimed at achieving the goals based on national interests. The paper provides a list of councils and funds supporting and stimulating the development of innovative activity of educational organizations in Russia. Conclusions. The innovative development of the national economy as an essential condition for its competitiveness, which is implemented against the background of the growing role of educational organizations in this process, determines the urgency of permanent improvement of the institutional framework for regulating the innovative activity of educational organizations.

FINANCIAL STIMULATION OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SYSTEM OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

The article examines the conceptual foundations for the formation of effective management of innovative and active industrial enterprises with an emphasis on the financial component of this process. It is found out that the problem of applying effective management principles of innovative and active industrial enterprises, taking into account the financial component, is an urgent problem of our time, which requires meaningful and reasonable research. The author's own vision of the definition of the category "innovation" and "innovation activity"is presented. A management model for organizing innovation activities at an industrial enterprise has been developed. Mechanisms that should contribute to the formation of tools for effective management of innovation activities are identified. A comprehensive structure of innovative activity of an industrial enterprise is constructed. Generalizing indicators that characterize the level of innovative activity of the enterprise are identified. It is proved that the overall system of formation and development of innovatively active enterprises should be based on the following key principles, in particular: innovativeness; economic profitability; orientation to prospective consumer needs; adaptability; accounting for the life cycle of innovations; strategic efficiency; consistency; prioritization; continuity of innovative development. The main and relevant sources of financing industrial enterprise innovations for modern development are identified and the main ones are analyzed. A general conclusion is made that the financial component is a key aspect of the efficiency of functioning of innovative and active industrial enterprises in the domestic and foreign markets. Without clearly structured sources of financing for innovative projects, it is impossible to successfully implement them and obtain a fundamentally new or modified product.

A methodological approach to assessing the impact of innovative component of import substitution on the economic security of the region

Subject. The article examines processes of import substitution in Russia and its regions within the framework of ensuring the economic security of the country. Objectives. The aim is to substantiate a methodological approach to determining the impact of innovative component of import substitution on the economic security of the region. Methods. The study employs the method of convolution and the index method. Results. We analyzed investment and innovation activity of organizations in recent years. Along with positive trends, we revealed a decrease in the share of organizations engaged in technological innovations in mechanical engineering and in the field of scientific research. To assess the impact of innovative component of import substitution on the economic security of the region, we determined the relative dynamics and convolution of innovation costs, investment volumes and innovative goods, exports and imports. We obtained estimated coefficients of indicators’ increase to achieve normative values of import substitution and economic security. We tested the methodology, using the mechanical engineering of the Sverdlovsk Oblast case. Conclusions. The presented methodological approach is universal and can be applied at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

DECISION-MAKING IN INNOVATION MANAGEMENT

Introduction. One of the important problems of both the head of a modern company and subordinates is the ability to make the right decisions, because the future of the company depends on the chosen options of actions. Erroneous actions can not only hinder the development of the company, but also contribute to its closure. It is worth highlighting the decisions that are made in the field of innovation and innovation activity of enterprises and organizations. Goals. Research of the decision-making process in innovation management, identification of its main trends in the territory of the Russian Federation and the Stavropol Territory, as well as the development of the sequence of the decision-making process on the introduction of innovations. Methodology. In the process of research, the issue of decision-making in innovation management, methods of logical and statistical analysis were applied. Results. The analysis of innovative activity of enterprises is carried out, an up-to-date brief description of the sphere of innovation is given, the main barriers to the development of innovation activity in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Stavropol Territory in particular are identified, a detailed algorithm for making decisions about innovations taking into account risk factors and uncertainty is proposed. Conclusions. When making decisions in the field of innovation, it is important to comprehensively study the issue, assess all possible risks and negative consequences, observing the classical sequence of decision-making, namely: data preparation and analysis (observation and search, data filtering, problem statement), problem statement and development of alternatives (classification of influencing factors, search for solutions (forecast and evaluation of alternatives), decision-making (choice of alternatives, generalization of criteria, choice of solution).

ASSESSMENT OF THE COSTS OF FINANCING INNOVATIONS: REGIONAL ASPECT

The article is devoted to the actual problem of financial support for the development of innovations. The purpose of the study is to estimate the share of innovation financing costs in the income received by organizations from the sale of manufactured goods, works and services for innovative organizations located in each of the regions of Russia. As the initial information, the study used official statistics for 2017-2019, which characterize the costs of financing innovations by organizations located in 82 regions of Russia. In the course of the study, economic and mathematical models were developed that represent the functions of the normal distribution. It is proved that there were no significant changes in the value of the share of innovation financing costs in the amount of income received from the sale of manufactured products by organizations located in the regions in 2017-2019. It is shown that the costs of financing innovations for organizations account for a small share in the amount of income received from the sale of manufactured products. It is shown that the values of the specific weights of innovation financing costs were significantly differentiated by region. The results obtained are new and original. The methodological approach presented in the article to estimate the share of innovation financing costs in the amount of revenue received from sales of manufactured products by organizations located in the regions can be used in further research. The proposed tools can be used to monitor the costs of financing innovation activities in organizations. The results of the work can be applied in the current activities of state structures and public organizations, when justifying measures for the development of innovative activities.

ОЦЕНКА ДИНАМИКИ РАЗВИТИЯ ВНЕШНЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

The turbulence characteristic of the modern economy opens up new market "windows", the potential of which can be used by innovatively active agents. The development of the external environment determines the nature, stability, progress and type of trajectory of the functioning of industrial enterprises. When studying the external environment, it is important to study the trends that are emerging not only in the national economy as a whole, but also in its individual subsystems, taking into account the disproportionality of their development characteristic of Russia. The article proposes a quantitative assessment of the characteristics of the dynamics of development of the federal districts of the Russian Federation that are significant in the conditions of an innovative economy, based on an assessment of the rank correlation coefficients and variations of the volume of innovative products, the cost of technological innovation, and the innovative activity of organizations. An assessment of the tightness of the relationship between the cost of technological innovation and the volume of manufactured innovative products in the federal districts of the Russian Federation is carried out. The article identifies federal districts, the external environment of which is favorable for modernization and increasing the efficiency of enterprises, and districts in which the introduction of innovative trajectories in the development strategy of enterprises is difficult.