Family Organization Research Articles

Chromosomal Mapping of the Histone Multigene Family and U2 snRNA in Hypancistrus Species (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Brazilian Amazon.

Loricariidae (Siluriformes) comprises ∼1026 species of neotropical fish, being considered the most diverse among the Siluriformes. Studies on repetitive DNA sequences have provided important data on the evolution of the genomes of members of this family, especially of the Hypostominae subfamily. In this study, the chromosomal mapping of the histone multigene family and U2 snRNA was performed in two species belonging to the Hypancistrus genus, Hypancistrus sp. "pão" (2n = 52, 22m + 18sm +12st) and Hypancistrus zebra (2n = 52, 16m + 20sm +16st). The presence of dispersed signals of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 in the karyotype of both species, with each sequence displaying a varied level of accumulation and dispersion of these sequences between them was observed; in addition, U2 snDNA probe only showed positive results in H. zebra, which present this multigene in the terminal region of three chromosomal pairs. The obtained results resemble data already analyzed in the literature, in which the action of transposable elements interfere in the organization of these multigene families, in addition to other evolutionary processes that shape the evolution of the genome, such as circular or ectopic recombination. This study also shows that the dispersion of the multigene histone family is quite complex, and from this, these data serve as a point of discussion for the evolutionary processes that occur in the Hypancistrus karyotype.

Distance to innovations, kinship intensity, and psychological traits.

Psychological traits display substantial variation worldwide. These psychological variations could be explained by the intensity of kinship ties which, we hypothesize, depends on the reception of innovations that gradually complexified family organizations. These innovations originated from several centers across the world that also spread other crucial novelties such as agriculture. Less exposed to these family innovations, areas far from centers of innovation should exhibit lower kinship intensity. Indeed, we show that distance to innovation centers is strongly associated with kinship intensity. This distance is also associated with psychological traits especially outside Western Europe in which exposure to the Church seems to play an additional role.

The Management of Voluntary Abortion in Family Counselling Services. A Qualitative Study on the Role of Social Workers in Italy

Introduction. Elective abortion has always been considered taboo. The event can sometimes be experienced as traumatic, as the woman finds herself struggling against a range of emotions: fear, shame, ambivalence, and a sense of guilt. Multidisciplinary support is therefore fundamental to guide women during this complex phase, and social workers usually play a key role in the process. The present study aimed therefore to explore the experiences and perspectives of social workers who worked with women who decided to have abortions, focusing on the strongest and weakest aspects of their support process. Methodology. The study involved 10 social workers working in family counselling services in Italy. All of them were female, with a mean age of 47 years, and a mean of 16.7 years of experience in the field. The study followed a qualitative approach, based on semi-structured interviews that were studied following the principles of thematic analysis. Results. Three fundamental themes emerged from the data analysis: “Limits of the family counselling procedures and organization”; “The emotional dimension of elective abortion”; and “The issue of conscientious objectors”. Discussion. The study highlighted how family counselling services are facing a crisis due to the lack of resources, personnel, and projects allowing for women’s proper sexual education and support. It also showed how the social worker’s role, which is fundamental, has instead been reduced, especially regarding elective abortions. Moreover, there was a lack of social and sanitary contexts integration and professional training that would provide the operators with specific skills and make them feel prepared to address such delicate situations. Conclusions. The need has emerged for a new, multidisciplinary perspective on the issue of voluntary interruption of pregnancy and social workers play a major role. However, the support system still presents many shortcomings for the women in need of assistance. The present study offers innovative and practical suggestions to properly fill these gaps.

Vulnerabilidades vivenciadas por familiares/ cuidadores de crianças com condição crônica

Abstract The objective was to know the vulnerabilities experienced by family members/caregivers of children with a chronic. Qualitative research supported by the theoretical framework of the French philosopher Roselló Un which 15 family members/caregivers of children with chronic conditions participated in the study. The information was collected in the years 2018 and 2019 and submitted to thematic analysis. The results are presented in three themes: The disease as an expression of the vulnerability of being a child; The child’s chronic illness as a condition of vulnerability of the family member/caregiver; The support of support networks: potentialities and vulnerabilities in the daily life of children with chronic conditions and family members/caregivers. Knowing the components of vulnerability experienced by the families of children with chronic conditions is complex, as it requires analyzing and reflecting on the situations these families face, considering their peculiarities, feelings, family organization and the accessibility they have to health services. Therefore, knowledge about the context in which these families are inserted is essential to establish an adequate planning of health actions aimed at promoting their well-being.

Специфика взаимодействия советников директоров по воспитанию с родительским сообществом

The article describes the methodological aspects of the interaction of the adviser to the director for education and interaction with children’s public associations with parents in the framework of their professional activities. The distinguished aspects of the activity of the educational adviser are considered on the example of the organization of interaction families and schools. The principles and steps for creating an effective partnership between schools and families are described.

Svetost i univerzalno bratstvo. Hagiološki aspekt enciklike Fratelli tutti

The article Sanctity and universal fraternity. Hagiological aspect of the encyclical Fratelli tutti is a theological study of the anthropological foundations for the social question. The teaching of Pope Francis aims to explain the dependence of the social order on the implementation of the Gospel concept of humanism. The Pope notices the correlation between ecology and holiness, pointing to them as the foundations for the organization of the human family, national and political communities. Francis gives the principles of a human ethos, which guarantees the respect and dignity of every human person and supports families and nations in their service to the human person and society. In the article, the author asks the following questions: How does Pope Francis perceive sanctity in the context of progressing globalization? And then: What is, according to the Pope’s teaching on the sanctity, the place of theology research among the scientific disciplines facing the challenges of innovation? The author formulates the answer after explaining the papal project of community, sanctity as a foundation of community, the phenomenon of globalization and the role of Christians in the face of globalization. It also explains the papal concept of theology for innovation. The conclusions clearly indicate the value of Christian humanism as humanism of the highest anthropological order. Such a humanism is based on evangelical assumptions in which the sacrum is the foundation of the harmony between all elements of the world. From this assumption arises the imperative of interdisciplinary research into the phenomenon of sacredness, out of concern for the well-being of human beings, families, societies and the whole of creation.

Inclusive culture in the aspect of realizing the rehabilitation potential of subjects accompanying children with autism spectrum disorders

Introduction. Socialization of children with autism spectrum disorders is carried out through their immersion in the sociocultural space. The most important component of sociocultural integration is reliance on the rehabilitation potential of both individuals with autism spectrum disorders and their immediate environment. An analysis of understanding inclusive culture was embedded in the ideological concept of the research initiative. The study aims to determine the conceptual positions of inclusive culture as a specific system of attitudes, knowledge and skills that contribute to solving problems of including children with autism spectrum disorders and their immediate environment in various sociocultural spaces and relationships. Materials and methods. The study involved 307 people representing four subject groups of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast of the Russian Federation: teachers/specialists of preschool educational institutions, teachers/specialists of general education organizations, parents of children with autism spectrum disorders and students receiving defectology education. The main research method was the author's questionnaire survey of respondents followed by expert assessment. Results. The obtained results reflect the variable subjective positions of respondents in relation to various aspects of inclusive culture as the basis for the inclusive potential of persons with autism spectrum disorders and their immediate environment. The differences in understanding the essence and mechanisms of inclusive culture and of its place in personal and social context among different subjects of educational space are updated. This aspect allows objectifying the problem of effective interaction between family and educational organization in disclosure and implementation of the rehabilitation potential of persons with autism spectrum disorders. More than 50% of teachers/specialists of educational organizations, as well as 70% of surveyed students and parents of children with autism spectrum disorders, differentiate the concepts of ‘culture of inclusion’ and ‘inclusive culture’, giving them different content contexts. 57% of surveyed teachers and 65% of parents consider persons with disabilities to be objects of inclusive culture, i.e. they are assigned a more passive role as a consumer of this very culture specially formed for them. Conclusion. The results obtained allow determining the main directions of educational, advisory and psychocorrectional work aimed at increasing psychological and pedagogical competence of specialists and parents who accompany children with autism spectrum disorders. Subjective expectations and ideas of respondents about the indicators and criteria of psychological culture, inclusion and features of interaction between society and people with disabilities act as a guideline for strategic planning of comprehensive support for families raising children with autism spectrum disorders

Динамика социально-демографического развития сельских поселений региона Центрального Черноземья в XVIII – первой четверти XIX вв.

Introduction. The article deals with socio-economic issues of the local history of the Central Black earth region in the 18th - first quarter of the 19th century. The demographic processes that took place in the village of Panikovets, Yelets district and the village of Pikalovo, Livensky district. The gender and age characteristics of the rural society are given, as well as statistical data on the forms of organization of family and clan groups.Materials and methods. This article is the result of a study of mass sources relating to the 18th – the first quarter of the 19th centuries. The materials for the work were the Landrad census of 1716, revision lists of 1782 and 1811, as well as “Economic notes on the plans for general land surveying” (1795 and 1832). Analytical comparison of information from the above sources is the main task of the study.Results. The subject of the study was aspects of the social development of two large settlements of the modern Lipetsk region. The authors come to the conclusion that the decrease in the inhabitants of the village of Panikovets in the epoch of Peter I exceeded the birth rate. In the future, stable improvements in demographic indicators were recorded in both villages. A significant increase in the population was observed in the second half of the 18th - first quarter of the 19th centuries.Conclusion. The predominant social group both in the village of Panikovets, and Pikalovo were odnodvortsy, who settled in this area back in the 17th century. The agricultural activities were hampered by the insufficient number of the peasants. The mention of the owner's peasants is found only in the sources of the end of the 18th century. The study made it possible to establish that in the beginning of the XIX century both in Panikovets and in Pikalovo, there was a tendency to expand the yards and increase the number of families. For a hundred years, there was an increase in the number of children in families. The local society was constantly integrating into the socio-economics of the nearest settlements. The rural society was a dynamic social organization.

Sociodemographic and economic characteristics of families and health and education conditions of children in the BRISA cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic.

To describe changes in sociodemographic, economic and variables related to the characterization of family, health and education during the COVID-19 pandemic in a birth cohort evaluated at 10-11 years of age. Cross-sectional study involving 1,033 children from a cohort of children born in 2010/2011, in the city of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Data were collected from July to October 2021 by telephone or video interview held with the person responsible for the child. The questionnaires discussed family organization, child behavior and health, school attendance, socioeconomic assessment and occurrence of COVID-19 during the period of social isolation due to the pandemic. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data. The chi-square test was used to verify group differences by minimum wages (MW). Of the respondents, 47.6% reported worsening of their financial situation during the pandemic, which was more frequent in the group with a household income <3 MW compared to the group with >6 MW (59.1 vs. 15.7%; p<0.001). According to the respondents, 62% of the children exhibited behavioral changes during the period and anxiety was the most frequently reported condition. In addition, 61.4% of the children had learning difficulties and these problems were more prevalent among children from households with lower incomes compared to those with higher incomes (74.7 vs. 45.1%; p<0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic has changed different economic aspects of families, as well as educational, health and behavioral indicators of children. Lower-income families were the most affected both economically and in terms of other indicators.

The Process and Output of Family Resilience on Lebak Flash Flood Victims in 2020 Who Stay in Temporary Housing

The flash flood disaster that hit Lebak Regency in 2020 caused the family to be in a state of crisis. Families need a process to survive and come back empowered. This study aims to analyze the process and output of the resilience of the victims' families using the RESILIENSI-GA instrument. The research design was a cross-sectional study and a retrospective study. The sample was selected by purposive sampling, precisely 60 victims’ families who stay in temporary housing at Lebak Regency. Collected data in March 2021, 15 month post-disaster. The data was processed using descriptive, correlation, and multiple regression tests. The results showed that the family experienced a crisis after the disaster for 3.5 months. The process of family resilience at 15 months is better than a 1-month post-disaster. The regression test results showed that in the 15 month, family organization capacity and family atmosphere, which is a part of the process of family resilience, consistently influenced the increase of family resilience output (subjective). Meanwhile, the older the husband affects, the decrease in family resilience output (subjective). The result of this study is expected to provide data and information for policy and program makers to reinforce family resilience in dealing with disasters.

Introduction: Charity, Relief and Humanitarianism as a Means of Maintaining Social and Political Stability in the Middle East. A Longue Durée Analysis of Actors, Categories and Practices

Abstract Different forms of charity, relief and humanitarian action can be jointly approached as a means of governance and social regulation. More precisely, in the Middle East the question of stability – social and political – can be considered as a central driver for local and international actors alike. This study adopts a broad historical framework, reaching from antiquity to the present day, with the aim of approaching the subject with an openness conducive to understanding the evolution of the actors, modes of action and representations underlying aid initiatives. The longue durée approach allows to show two main specificities of the modern and contemporary Middle East: firstly, the evolution of aid practices is directly linked to human mobility, since they are connected to religious practices, commerce or violence, which led to the need to take a census, to categorise and sometimes isolate populations in order to govern and control them. Secondly, in the absence of the welfare state as the most important provider of aid, the state has until today in the Middle East much less prominence among the multiplicity of aid providers, such as the family, non-governmental, religious and community organisations.

Towards harmonizing the concepts and definitions of pain in the World Health Organization's family of international classifications.

Towards harmonizing the concepts and definitions of pain in the World Health Organization's family of international classifications.

Isthmin—A Multifaceted Protein Family

Isthmin (ISM) is a secreted protein family with two members, namely ISM1 and ISM2, both containing a TSR1 domain followed by an AMOP domain. Its broad expression pattern suggests diverse functions in developmental and physiological processes. Over the past few years, multiple studies have focused on the functional analysis of the ISM protein family in several events, including angiogenesis, metabolism, organ homeostasis, immunity, craniofacial development, and cancer. Even though ISM was identified two decades ago, we are still short of understanding the roles of the ISM protein family in embryonic development and other pathological processes. To address the role of ISM, functional studies have begun but unresolved issues remain. To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of ISM, it is crucial to determine its interactions with other ligands and receptors that lead to the activation of downstream signalling pathways. This review provides a perspective on the gene organization and evolution of the ISM family, their links with developmental and physiological functions, and key questions for the future.

ESPO AND BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES SECTION SYMPOSIUM: TAILORING INTERVENTIONS TO REACH AND MEET THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF DIVERSE CAREGIVERS

Abstract Family caregiving cuts across populations, making caregivers a highly diverse population in terms of culture, family organization, care situations, and more. A 2021 report from the National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine reinforces the need to develop and test tailored interventions in order to successfully reach and support family caregivers. Yet, there is limited practical guidance to help researchers to develop intervention programs tailored to the diverse needs of family caregivers. This symposium endeavors to address this gap by sharing accounts from researchers who have effectively tailored existing interventions to meet the diverse needs of diverse caregivers, as well as those who collaboratively worked alongside family caregivers in order to build a tailored program from the ground up. To begin, Kristin Cloyes, PhD MN RN will describe a study where she examines alignment between LGTBQ+ hospice family caregivers and other members of the hospice care teams, as it relates to support and communication needs. Next, Jung-Ah Lee, PhD, RN, FGSA, FAAN, will describe the experiences of racially and ethnically diverse caregivers who received a community health worker intervention to access resources tailored to their language needs. Jaime Perales-Puchalt, PhD, MPH, will describe the results of CuidaTEXT intervention study, which used tailored Short Messaging Service-based text message to deliver support to Latin family caregivers. Lastly, Ishan Williams, PhD, FGSA, will present on findings from research on how community engagement as well as culturally informed intervention can improve the representation of family caregivers, especially African American caregivers, in caregiving research studies

Entrepreneurial Orientation as a Determinant of Sustainable Performance in Polish Family and Non-Family Organizations

The paper investigates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and sustainable firm performance with the mediating role of innovation output in family and non-family businesses in the post-transition economy. In order to analyze these relationships, quantitative research on a sample of 322 Polish organizations was conducted. The research results show a few differences between family and non-family businesses concerning the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on innovativeness and sustainable organizational performance. Moreover, the study reveals the critical role of the proactiveness dimension in shaping long-term firm performance.

고려 태조~목종대 왕실의 편제－왕실 남성의 ‘태자(太子)’·‘군(君)’ 칭호를 중심으로－

This dissertation aims at investigating the organization and legislative status of the royal family (wangshil, 王室) in the period of the early Goryeo dynasty before the Chinese nobility system (bongjakje, 封爵制) was adjusted according to the sociocultural foundation of the Goryeo society and brought to a conclusion as the Goryeo nobility system. After the establishment of the dynasty, the Goryeo court gave the official titles Jeongyun (正胤), Donggung (東宮), and Taeja (太子) to the destined heir to the throne and granted further potential aspirants an official title in the form of ‘royal Palace Name (宮院名) + Gun (君, Lord).’ This Gun title, based upon the name of the Queen Mother or one’s own Palace Name, is presumed to be related to a traditional Korean culture of ‘geononymy (宅號)’ that listed men in relation to women (wife and mother). This culture of geononymy can be seen as the remains of a cognatic social structure and a marital custom of matrilocality. In the biographies of the royal family in the History of Goryeo, most of the male members of the early royal family are listed as ‘○○Taeja (太子)’ or ‘○○Daewang (大王)’, which are not official titles but posthumous epithets. The system of posthumous conferment of Taeja and Daewang titles seems to have been established at least in Gyeongjong’s times. This system derived from that of the prosperous period of the Dang dynasty. In Gyeongjong’s reign, ‘Gaenyeonggun (開寧君)’, a new title completely different from before and not based on the Palace Name, appeared. In Gyeongjong’s reign, attempts to adjust the political system between Goryeo and China, which had been initiated under Gwangjong’s reign, continued. Gyeongjong tried to complete the royal organization for the deceased and alive members of the royal family.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Stress-Associated Protein Gene Family to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses of Grapevine.

Grapevine is one of the earliest domesticated fruit crops and prized for its table fruits and wine worldwide. However, the concurrence of a number of biotic/abiotic stresses affects their yield. Stress-associated proteins (SAPs) play important roles in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Despite the growing number of studies on the genomic organisation of SAP gene family in various species, little is known about this family in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). In this study, a total of 15 genes encoding proteins possessing A20/AN1 zinc-finger were identified based on the analysis of several genomic and proteomic grapevine databases. According to their structural and phylogenetics features, the identified SAPs were classified into three main groups. Results from sequence alignments, phylogenetics, genomics structure and conserved domains indicated that grapevine SAPs are highly and structurally conserved. In order to shed light on their regulatory roles in growth and development, as well as the responses to biotic/abiotic stresses in grapevine, the expression profiles of SAPs were examined in publicly available microarray data. Bioinformatics analysis revealed distinct temporal and spatial expression patterns of SAPs in various tissues, organs and developmental stages, as well as in response to biotic/abiotic stresses. This study provides insight into the evolution of SAP genes in grapevine and may aid in efforts for further functional identification of A20/AN1-type proteins in the signalling cross-talking induced by biotic/abiotic stresses.

Comparative analysis of detoxification-related gene superfamilies across five hemipteran species

BackgroundHemiptera is one of the most speciose orders of insects, and the most speciose considering Hemimetabola. Through their evolutive history, hemipterans with different feeding habits have adapted to deal with different chemical challenges. Three major gene families are involved in xenobiotic detoxification in insects: the cytochromes P450 (CYPs), carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs), and glutathione transferases (GSTs). Here we perform a comparative analysis on the complement of these gene superfamilies across five hemipteran species; four heteropterans (the pentatomid plant feeders Nezara viridula and Halyomorpha halys; the hematophagous Cimex lectularius, Cimicidae, and Rhodnius prolixus, Reduviidae), and one Auchenorrhyncha plant feeder (Nilaparvata lugens).ResultsOur results point to an expansion of several enzyme families associated with xenobiotic detoxification in heteropterans with respect to other species and the existence of a dynamic evolution pattern including CYP3 clan, hormone and pheromone processing class in the CCE superfamily, and sigma class in GST superfamily. Other detoxification-related families are reduced in the hemipteran species analyzed here: reduction or even absence of epsilon class and reduced delta class in GST superfamily; absence of mitochondrial CYP12 family; absence of CYP9 family in CYP3 clan; and reduction or even absence of some dietary/detoxification groups of CCEs. Interestingly, the most polyphagous species analyzed here (H. halys) is also the one that presents the largest repertoire of detoxification enzymes. Gene cluster analysis suggests that this could be due to gene duplication events.ConclusionsThe evolutionary analysis performed here reveals characteristics that are both common and particular for heteropterans. The composition and organization of detoxification-related gene families could shed light on evolutionary forces that shaped their divergence. These families are important for both the detoxification of diet products and for conferring tolerance or resistance to synthetic insecticides. Furthermore, we present the first comprehensive analysis of detoxification gene superfamilies in N. viridula, an understudied species in spite of its economic relevance as a crop pest. The information obtained is of interest for basic insect science as well as for the control of harmful species and the management of insecticide resistance.

Family-Educator Partnership in the Development of Entrustable Professional Activities in Complex Care.

Incorporating patient and family voices in the development of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) is not standard practice. Care of children with medical complexity (CMC) is an area of pediatrics that relies on family partnership, and families of CMC are ideal partners in EPA development given their expertise in their child's care and experience interacting with the health care system. The authors describe their model for partnering with families to develop EPAs and reflect on the unique contributions of family leaders to the process. After recruitment of family leaders from a national organization of families and friends of children with special health care needs, the authors used a multistage process for EPA development from June 2019 to February 2021. Family leaders were integrated throughout the process, including creating EPA descriptions, revising content across all EPAs, appraising EPAs through virtual focus groups with other key stakeholders, and finalizing and publishing EPAs. The authors used content analysis to identify recommendations for patient- and family-integrated EPA development. Family leaders and educators partnered in every phase of developing EPAs for the care of CMC, including as content experts, editors, focus group facilitators, and coauthors. Family leaders recommended substantive changes to all EPAs, including revising language, augmenting content, and modifying scope of practice. In addition, content analysis of family leaders' revisions yielded 10 recommendations to ensure that written EPA descriptions are patient- and family-centered. The described process of EPA development for the care of CMC models how families can be integrated into competency framework development and highlights their contributions. Family leader recommendations for embedding patient and family voices in EPA descriptions can serve as a guide for EPA development in other specialties.

Ethnobotanical study of traditionally used plants in the municipality of Zavidovići, BiH

Ethnopharmacological relevanceBosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is a country with a highly diverse ecosystem, containing over 5000 confirmed taxa of vascular plants. The traditional medicinal use of plants has always played a crucial role and gained in importance in the time of war in the 1990s due to a lack of medical facilities. Still nowadays, the health care system is poorly developed, which altogether makes the region interesting for ethnopharmacological researches. Aim of the studyFocusing on the area of Zavidovići Municipality in the central part of the country, we aimed to document the diversity of the used medicinal plants and the knowledge of their therapeutic usages. Material and methodsData was collected in individual open and semi-structured interviews. Therapeutic uses were classified into 14 disease categories following the International Classification of Primary Care-2 (ICPC-2), a classification system recognized by the World Health Organization's Family of International Classifications (WHO-FIC). Use reports have been used to evaluate the acquired knowledge. ResultsThe findings revealed a total of 113 species belonging to 46 families. 14 informants well respected for their knowledge in the area listed 77 therapeutic uses for the indicated plants. Based on a comparison with other ethnobotanical surveys of BiH and to other important relating literature, three taxa have not been previously reported in BiH and for 19 species, new medicinal uses were stated. Based on use reports, oral application of remedies is far more common (76,7%) than external application (23,3%), the dominant mode of preparation thereby is an infusion. Usages of most concern were digestive, urological and respiratory diseases, their consensus factor ranging between 0,63 and 0,71. ConclusionThese results summarize the usage of traditional plants among people who are highly valued in their community of Zavidovići Municipality for their knowledge and thereby aim to preserve the indigenous knowledge associated with the medicinal plants of the area.