Objective To investigate the operation timing and surgery technique for simple orbital wall fracture. Methods The data of 352 eyes of 352 patients with simple orbital wall fracture were retrospectively analyzed. They had been treated at Shanxi Provincial Eye Hospital from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2012. Those patients included 298 men (84.7%) and 54 women (15.3%). The age ranged from 17 to 62 years. The follow-up time was from 2 to 4 weeks. The patients were divided into four groups according to the surgery time between injury and surgery. Patients in group A (68 cases) received surgery 7 to 9 days after the injury. Patients in group B (187 cases) received surgery 10 to 19 days after the injury. Patients in group C (82 cases) received surgery 20 to 45 days after the injury. Patients in group D (15 cases) received surgery 46 to 90 days after the injury. The surgery indications including the following symptoms and clinical signs: endophthalmos of the injuried eye was ≥2 mm; diplopia in front view or peripheral view, the orbital image identified obvious extraocular muscle displacement, distortion or incarceration; and the fracture window was>2 cm2 or the orbital wall displacement was>3 mm. The conditions of endophthalmos and diplopia were analyzed before and after the surgery. Results After the surgery the endophthalmos in the four groups were corrected. The best surgery time for orbital fracture with diplopia was 7-9 days after the injury. The best surgery time for orbital fracture with simple endophthalmos was 7-9 days or 46-90 days after the injury. Conclusion The operation timing of simple orbital wall fracture is very important. To make individualized treatment according to the duration of the injury and the imaging diagnosis, is necessary for getting the best surgical effect. Key words: Fracture, orbital wall; Surgery timing