Oral Education Research Articles

Acceptability and satisfaction towards self-collection for chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing among transgender women in Tangerine Clinic, Thailand: shifting towards the new normal.

IntroductionProvider‐collected swabs are an unappealing procedure for many transgender women and may have led to suboptimal rates of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) testing. Self‐collection for CT/NG testing is recommended for men who have sex with men. However, the information on acceptability and clinical performance to support a recommendation for transgender women is lacking. We aimed to determine the acceptability and satisfaction towards self‐collection for CT/NG testing among Thai transgender women.MethodsThai transgender women who attended Tangerine Clinic (a transgender‐led, integrated, gender‐affirming care and sexual health services clinic in Bangkok, Thailand) between May and July 2020 and had condomless sexual intercourse within the past six months were offered to collect urine and perform self‐swabs of pharyngeal, rectal, and if applicable, neovaginal compartments for pooled nucleic acid amplification testing for CT/NG infections. Participants received a diagram, video and oral instructions about how to perform self‐collection procedure. Those who accepted self‐collection were also offered to receive provider collection to evaluate the performance between the two methods. Self‐administered questionnaires were used to assess satisfaction.ResultsAmong 216 transgender women enrolled, 142 (65.7%) accepted self‐collection. All who accepted had pharyngeal, rectal and urine samples collected. Of 31 transgender women who had undergone genital surgery, 28 (90.3%) accepted neovaginal self‐swab. The acceptance rate increased from 46.2% in May to 84.5% in July 2020. One participant had an invalid result. All transgender women who accepted self‐collection could perform it without assistance, and 82.8% were highly satisfied with the method. None reported dissatisfaction. Due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, provider collection services were discontinued early, and only eight transgender women were able to perform both methods for performance evaluation. The performance agreement was 100%.ConclusionsThai transgender women had high acceptability and satisfaction towards self‐collection for CT/NG testing. The performance was promising compared to provider collection. Our results support the implementation of self‐collection to the sexually transmitted infection services, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic where physical distancing is the new normal. A larger study is warranted to determine the performance of self‐collection for CT/NG testing in each anatomical compartment and confirm the performance between self‐collection and provider collection.

Management of bleeding in patients on antithrombotic therapy

Severe bleeding under antithrombotic therapy is common and challenging in intensive care medicine; on the one hand, rapid bleeding control must be achieved and, on the other hand, thromboembolic complications must be avoided. The paper will provide abrief overview of direct oral anticoagulants, therapeutic options and precise instructions for dealing with severe bleeding. In addition to general measures in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC)-associated major bleeding, prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC), idarucizumab and andexanet alfa are available as specific antidote therapy. In case of bleeding under heparin therapy, protamine sulfate is available as apossible antidote. In particular, the importance of andexanet alfa in the treatment of factor Xa inhibitor-associated bleeding requires further investigation.

Sense of agency among frequently anxious learners of English in Swedish primary school: Mismatching beliefs and experiences

Instilling a sense of agency (SoA) in young learners is an important aspect of foreign language instruction, as is the counteracting of emergent foreign language anxiety (FLA). Focusing on learners who frequently experience FLA, this study explores young learners’ beliefs and classroom experiences in relation to teaching and learning of English, in order to highlight the way in which they perceive their own agency, that is, their situated SoA. After initial classroom observations, learners from seven Swedish classrooms, across years 2–5, were seated in small groups to discuss open questions about target language (TL) use, oral interaction, instructional work mode and the role of the teacher and the learners. The present study is based on discussions among 31 of those learners. Qualitative content analysis of the recorded discussions reveals conflicting beliefs and experiences. These frequently anxious learners stressed the importance of extensive input in English and of learners engaging and speaking the TL. However, they also expressed that oral instructions and prompts, which were sometimes incomprehensible, made them feel frustrated and insecure. Considering the risk of embarrassment, they refrained from asking questions or volunteering to speak. Thus, their accounts of their emotional experiences and actions did not align with their beliefs, which hampered their SoA. The findings illustrate the interrelated nature of beliefs, emotional experiences and agency. Implications for primary language teaching relate to target language use and offering plenty of time for learners to practice their oral skills under conditions that they perceive as safe.

Oral Health Among Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs.

We sought to estimate the prevalence of oral health problems and receipt of preventive oral health (POH) services among children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) and investigate associations with child- and family-level characteristics. We used pooled data from the 2016-2018 National Survey of Children's Health. The analytic sample was limited to children 1 to 17 years old, including 23 099 CYSHCN and 75 612 children without special health care needs (non-CYSHCN). Parent- and caregiver-reported measures of oral health problems were fair or poor teeth condition, decayed teeth and cavities, toothaches, and bleeding gums. POH services were preventive dental visits, cleanings, tooth brushing and oral health care instructions, fluoride, and sealants. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. A higher proportion of CYSHCN than non-CYSHCN received a preventive dental visit in the past year (84% vs 78%, P < .0001). Similar patterns were found for the specific preventive services examined. However, CYSHCN had higher rates of oral health problems compared with non-CYSHCN. For example, decayed teeth and cavities were reported in 16% of CYSHCN versus 11% in non-CYSHCN (P < .0001). In adjusted analyses, several factors were significantly associated with decreased prevalence of receipt of POH services among CYSHCN, including younger or older age, lower household education, non-English language, lack of health insurance, lack of a medical home, and worse condition of teeth. CYSHCN have higher rates of POH service use yet worse oral health status than non-CYSHCN. Ensuring appropriate use of POH services among CYSHCN is critical to the reduction of oral health problems.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols: the impact of enhanced patient perioperative education on patient satisfaction and outcomes in gynecologic oncology practice

<h3>Objectives:</h3> Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been developed for several surgical fields based off the available evidence to improve patient surgical outcomes with shortened recovery to return of baseline function. The ERAS® Society 2019 preoperative guidelines for gynecologic oncology give a "strong" recommendation for written and verbal preoperative patient education with "moderate" data to support this; however, the recommendation remains vague as to how this should be implemented. We hypothesized patient satisfaction related to their disease state, treatment plan, and hospital course would be improved after implementation of a standardized written preoperative education protocol in addition to traditional oral education for patients undergoing laparotomy with the gynecology oncology faculty at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Secondarily, we hypothesized that enhanced patient education preoperatively could positivelyimpact patient length of stay, emergency department admissions, nursing calls, and readmission rates following surgery. <h3>Methods:</h3> Based on the ERAS Society recommendations, our practice initiated a pilot program to improve our perioperative patient education. In collaboration with our clinic nurses, providers and inpatient nursing staff we revised all of our patient perioperative instructions which address the surgical procedure, expectations prior to surgery, expectations during hospital admission and post- operative instructions including activity limitations, pain management, bowel management and issues of concern during recovery from surgery. We obtained Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. We compared two groups of patients undergoing laparotomy. The Standard Group received the standard patient education: the current oral and written education that had been utilized in the clinic. The Enhanced Group received the enhanced patient education material after all providers and staff had undergone education regarding the changed process. The enhanced patient education process provided consistent written instructions in addition to the oral instructions communicated by the team. In addition, at the time of discharge standardized post-operative instructions were printed and provided to the patient. During July 2019-Dec 2019, 15 patients who underwent standard preoperative instructions were included in the pilot initiative and comprised the Standard Group. During Jan 2020 - June 2020, 17 patients were included in the pilot as the Enhanced Group. All patients included in the pilot completed the EORTC QLQ-INFO 25 validated survey at the time of discharge or at their post-operative visit. <h3>Results:</h3> Patient satisfaction scores, as quantified by items 31-55 of the EORTC QLQ-INFO 25 survey, showed improvement in patient satisfaction with the possible causes of their disease after protocol implementation (p=0.03). There was also a reduction in the number of patient nursing calls following surgery (p=0.035). There was no difference between groups regarding length of stay, emergency department visits or readmission rates. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Consistent printed and oral perioperative patient education is an effective measure that can positively impact patient satisfaction as well as staff satisfaction (personal communication). Additional ERAS measures may need to be implemented to impact perioperative patient emergency room visits, length of stay and readmission rates.

TeachBot: Towards teaching robotics fundamentals for human-robot collaboration at work

The shortage of skilled workers who can use robots is a crucial issue hampering the growth of manufacturing industries. We present a new type of workforce training system, TeachBot, in which a robotic instructor delivers a series of interactive lectures using graphics and physical demonstration of its arm movements. Furthermore, the TeachBot allows learners to physically interact with the robot. This new human-computer interface, integrating oral and graphical instructions with motion demonstration and physical touch, enables to create engaging training materials. Effective learning takes place when the learner simultaneously interacts with an embodiment of new knowledge. We apply this “Learning by Touching” methodology to teach basic concepts, e.g. how a shaft encoder and feedback control work. In a pilot randomized control test with a small number of human subjects, we find suggestive evidence that Learning by Touching enhances learning effectiveness in this robotic context for adult learners. Students whose learning experience included touching the robot as opposed to watching it delivers the lessons showed gains in their ability to integrate knowledge about robotics. The “touching” group showed statistically significant gains in self-efficacy, which is an important antecedent to further learning and successful use of new technologies, as well as gains in knowledge about robotic concepts that trend toward significance.

CLINICAL CASE OF DENTINE DYSPLASIA TYPE I

Developmental dental hard tissues disorders are rarely diagnosed both in children and adults, and their treatment is a problem for dentist. Despite the fact that molecular genetics studies allow to discriminate some dentine disorders, pathogenesis of radicular dentin dysplasia is still obscure. Type I dentin dysplasia is characterized by normal or slightly coloured crowns with no roots or only rudimentary roots, reduced pulp space in permanent teeth and incomplete or total obliteration of the pulp chambers, and periapical radiolucent areas or cysts which might result in premature loss of tooth. Fortunately, teeth demonstrate higher resistance to caries than normal teeth do.&#x0D; Dentin dysplasia type II is characterized by yellow, brown, grey, translucent primary teeth with complete pulpal obliteration. Permanent teeth are normal or might be slightly coloured. Roots are normal in size, but pulp chamber has pulp stones. A third type of dentine dysplasia or focal odontoblastic dysplasia has radiographic aspects of the other two types of disease.&#x0D; Also dentine dysplasia type I has subtypes Ia, Ib, Ic and Id. Dentine dysplasia Ia is characterized by complete obliteration of the pulp, disorder of root development, and many periapical radiolucent areas. A single small horizontally oriented and half-moon shaped pulp is presented in case of dentine dysplasia Ib, roots have a few millimetres length and frequent periapical radiolucencies. Dentine dysplasia Ic is characterized by the presence of two horizontal or vertical semicircle-shaped pulpal remnants which surround dentine in pulp chamber. Also teeth have shortened roots and variable periapical radiolucencies. Dentine dysplasia Id is characterized by the distinct pulp chambers with pulp stones in the coronal third of the root canal; periapical radiolucencies are possible as well. Aim of this study was to analyse clinical case of dentine dysplasia in 8,5-year-old boy.&#x0D; A 8,5-year old boy patient with parents came to a dental office due to caries cavity in tooth 62. Shape of tooth crowns was not changed and teeth with no signs of mobility; white lines and spots on teeth are were detected. Based on age, the decision of orthopantomogram was made to evaluate status of primary and permanent teeth. The image showed almost obliterated pulp chamber in both erupted and developing teeth and considerably shortened, blunted and malformed roots without a visible lumen of root canals in primary teeth. Periapical lesions were found about roots of primary molars and follicles of teeth 12 and 14 without caries lesions.&#x0D; Patient's medical history revealed no disturbance in general health. Clinical examination of the patient's mother did not show dental hard tissues disorders, but radiograph examination revealed such disorder in the orthopantomogram. Thus, history, clinical and radiographic findings revealed this case as dentine dysplasia type I subtype 1c inherited from mother.&#x0D; Oral rehabilitation of patients with dentine dysplasia type I require effective prevention and a complex approach. Thus, meticulous oral hygiene measures and dietary instructions, regular check-ups twice a year were established for this patient; orthodontic consultation was recommended. Varnish «Ftoplen-LC» was applied on the permanent teeth 3 times. To prevent early exfoliation, plan of preventive measures was developed included application of fluoride varnish twice a year and fissure sealing in the premolars in 9-10 years and in the second premolars in 12-13 years.&#x0D; Treatment of dentine dysplasia I type that depends on patient age and severity of disease may include also filling of carious teeth, orthodontic, surgical and orthodontic treatment. In this regard, dentist has to know developmental dental hard tissues disorders and select measures to prolong the retention of affected teeth maintaining them as long as possible.

Changes in Physical and Oral Function after a Long-Term Care Prevention Program in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A 12-Month Follow-Up Study.

Background: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to clarify changes in physical and oral function in older adults after completing a 3-month health program combining physical and oral exercise, oral health instruction, and nutritional guidance. Methods: Subjects were 34 women aged at least 70 years (mean age 79.2 years) in Bungotakada City, Oita Prefecture, Japan. Physical and oral function was investigated on the first day (baseline), at the end of the program, and 6 and 12 months after completing the health program. Physical function was measured using handgrip strength test, timed up and go (TUG) test and one-leg standing time test. Oral diadochokinesis test and repetitive saliva swallowing test (RSST) were employed to assess oral function. Results: TUG scores were significantly lower at 6 and 12 months than at baseline in participants aged ≥70 and <80 years. The repetition rate of the monosyllables /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/ was improved at the end of program in participants aged ≥70 and <80 years and increased to more than 6 times/second at 12 months. Conclusions: Our 3-month health program maintained improvements in oral and physical function in older women 1 year after completing the program.

Oral Narrative Instruction Improves Kindergarten Writing

Writing is a critical literacy skill that emerges in kindergarten. The research literature has only addressed transcription skills of kindergarteners and has failed to address text generation. The purpose of this action-research study was to investigate the effect of oral language instruction that focused on narrative text structures on kindergarten students’ ability to generate written narrative text. We conducted a concurrent multiple baseline design across three groups of students with two participants in each group. Students received six instructional sessions that involved the teacher modeling a story and supporting the students while they retold and generated oral stories. Pictures and icons were used to represent story grammar elements, but were faded within session to facilitate independent storytelling. The oral language instruction had an immediate positive effect on the narrative quality of students’ writing. Individual and overall effects were significant and maintained three to four weeks later. Findings suggest an efficient causal relation between oral language instruction and writing quality.

Effective Instructions by Novice Teacher to Improve Teaching Repertoire in School

This paper highlights a review on the importance of giving clear instructions and strategies to improve oral instruction by novice teachers as they improve their teaching repertoires in schools. Essentially, this will help teachers to develop a clear oral instruction for good class management. It is an agreeable fact that giving instruction is a skill that takes many years of experience to master and meets the ideal set of practice that teachers set for themselves. Novice teachers face a lot of challenges to master the skill of giving instruction effectively and that is a mark of great quality of a teacher. An effective instructional strategy will deliver the lesson clearly and help learners to understand the focus, engage actively and take ownership of their learning.

Oral care and oral assessment guide in breast cancer patients receiving everolimus and exemestane: subanalysis of a randomized controlled trial (Oral Care-BC).

Oral mucositis is a clinically significant adverse event linked to cancer therapy; it reduces the quality of life of patients and may result in the discontinuation of treatment and a poorer prognosis. Based on level 3 evidence, the Mucositis Study Group of Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society of Oral Oncology recommend oral care for all patients receiving cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, although no data from large-scaled randomized controlled trials support the efficacy of oral care in preventing oral mucositis. Therefore, this randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label, phase III study sought to determine whether professional oral care reduces oral mucositis in everolimus and exemestane-treated estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients. Altogether, 169 patients were randomized into the professional oral care (n=82) and control (n=87) groups. The professional oral care group received oral health instruction, professional mechanical tooth and tongue cleaning, gargling with a benzethonium chloride mouthwash, and dexamethasone ointment when grade 1 mucositis manifested. The control group received oral health instruction and gargling. Eight weeks after the everolimus and exemestane administration, the oral status (Oral Assessment Guide criteria) and oral mucositis status (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events functional and clinical examinations) were evaluated. The incidence of oral mucositis of any grade and grade 2 severe mucositis was significantly lower in the professional oral care group, based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events functional and clinical examinations. The total Oral Assessment Guide score, total Oral Assessment Guide grade, and Oral Assessment Guide score of teeth/dentures and mucous membranes were significantly different between the two groups. The Oral Assessment Guide grade for swallow, lip, teeth/dentures, mucous membrane, tongue, and saliva significantly correlated to oral mucositis severity. Professional oral care may prevent oral mucositis and improve teeth/denture conditions in patients receiving everolimus and exemestane.

Path Learning in Individuals With Down Syndrome: The Challenge of Learning Condition and Cognitive Abilities.

Analyzing navigational abilities and related aspects in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is of considerable interest because of its relevance to everyday life. This study investigates path learning, the conditions favoring it, and the cognitive abilities involved. A group of 30 adults with DS and 32 typically-developing (TD) children matched on receptive vocabulary were shown a 4 × 4 Floor Matrix and asked to repeat increasingly long sequences of steps by walking on the grid. The sequences were presented under two learning conditions, one called Oral instructions (participants received verbal instructions such as “turn right” or “turn left”), the other Observation (participants watched the experimenter's moves). Participants were also assessed on verbal and visuospatial cognitive measures. The results showed a similarly better performance in both groups when the Floor Matrix task was administered in the Observation as opposed to the Oral instructions condition. As for the relation with cognitive abilities, in the Floor Matrix task in the Oral instructions condition, individuals with DS showed an effect of both verbal and visuospatial abilities, which was only positive for verbal ability. The effect of verbal and visuospatial abilities was negligible in the TD group. In the Observation condition, performance was predicted by sequential working memory in both groups. Overall, these results shed light on path learning in individuals with DS, showing that they benefited from the Observation condition, and that the involvement of their cognitive abilities depended on the learning condition.

Promoting Oral Presentation Skills Through Drama-Based Tasks with an\xa0Authentic Audience: A Longitudinal Study

Drama activities are reported to foster language learning, and may prepare learners for oral skills that mirror those used in real life. This year-long time series classroom-based quasi-experimental study followed a between-subjects design in which two classes of college EFL learners were exposed to two oral training conditions: (1) an experimental one in which drama-based training pedagogy was employed; and (2) the comparison one in which ordinary public speaking pedagogy was utilized. The experimental participants dramatized a picture book into a play, refined and rehearsed it for the classroom audience, and eventually performed it publicly as a theater production for community children. Diachronic comparisons of the participants’ oral presentation skills under the two conditions showed that a significant between-group difference began to become pronounced only after the experimental participants started to present for real-life audiences other than their classmates. This finding suggests that drama-mediated pedagogy effectively enhanced the experimental participants’ presentation performance and became more effective than the traditional approach only after a real-life audience was involved. In addition to the participants’ performance data, survey and retrospective protocols were utilized to shed light on how drama-based tasks targeting both classroom and authentic audiences influence college EFL learners’ presentation performance and their self-perceived oral presentation skills. Analysis of the survey and retrospective data indicated that the participants’ attention to three presentation skills—structure, audience adaptation and content—was significantly raised after their presentation involved a real-life audience. Based on these findings, pedagogical implications for drama for FL oral presentation instruction are discussed.

NCPDP recommendations for standardizing dosing in metric units (mL) on prescription container labels of oral liquid medications, version 2.0.

PurposeBest practices and guidance are provided for standardizing dosing instructions on prescription container labels of oral liquid medications by eliminating use of U.S. customary (household) units and adopting metric units universally, with the goal of decreasing the potential for error and improving safety and outcomes when patients and caregivers take and administer these medications.SummaryDespite decades of best practice use of metric units in organized healthcare settings and advocacy by various professional societies, medication safety experts, and standards setting organizations, use of household units (e.g., teaspoon) on prescription container labeling instructions for oral liquid medications persists in community pharmacy settings. Five years after publication of the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs’ (NCPDP’s) original white paper advocating metric-only dosing, very few community pharmacy companies appear to require oral liquid dosing instructions be presented in metric-only units (mL). Error-prone dosing designations contribute to medication errors and patient harm. Use of both multiple volumetric units (e.g., teaspoonsful, tablespoonsful) and multiple abbreviations for the same volumetric units (e.g., mL, cc, mls; tsp, TSP, t) increases the likelihood of dosing errors. Opportunities for error exist with each administration of an oral liquid medication and, unless coordinated with dispensing of appropriate oral dosing devices and optimal counseling, can result in use of household utensils (e.g., uncalibrated teaspoons) or discordantly marked devices that can further exacerbate the risk of error. Since publication of NCPDP’s original white paper, new standards have been adopted governing official liquid volume representation, calibrated dosing devices, and e-prescribing software which support the elimination of non-metric units to reduce use of dosing practices that are error-prone. In each case, U.S. customary (household) units have been eliminated in official standards and certification requirements. Therefore, use of non-metric units for oral dosing of liquid medications no longer is an acceptable practice.ConclusionKey factors contributing to dosing errors with oral liquid medications include use of multiple volumetric units and abbreviations; failure to institute policies and procedures that eliminate the use of non-metric (e.g., household) units and universally adopt metric-only dosing instructions in all settings; failure to coordinate dosing instructions with dosing device markings, appropriate type (oral syringe versus cup), and optimal volumes (e.g., 1-, 5-, or 10-mL devices); failure to adequately counsel patients about appropriate measurement and administration of oral liquid medication doses; and use or error-prone practices such as missing leading zeros and elimination of trailing zeros in prescriptions and container labels. Adoption of this white paper’s recommendations will align dosing designations for oral liquid medications in all settings with current standards and attain universal metric-only practice.

A atenção domiciliar no processo de estabelecimento da saúde bucal na estratégia da saúde da família

Objetivo: Efetuar uma revisão narrativa para explorar as concepções e forma de atuação dos Cirurgiões Dentistas (CD) nos cuidados realizados na cavidade bucal na atenção domiciliar (AD) na estratégia da saúde da família (ESF). Revisão bibliográfica: A AD vem se desenvolvendo cada vez mais, buscando sempre o bem-estar do paciente através do atendimento humanizado, o CD faz parte da integralidade dessa equipe multiprofissional que compõe a ESF, dos quais buscam promover com aspectos primordiais o estabelecimento da saúde oral, principalmente dos pacientes que não possuem locomoção, dispondo como seguimentos aguardados o estabelecimento de prevenções e tratamento de possíveis patologias, visando por sua vez a restauração do indivíduo no AD, assegurando aos cuidados terapêuticos necessários. O CD retém sua indispensabilidade, visto que apresentam funções qualificadas em executar tratamentos, com intuito de oferecer cuidados referente a saúde oral, instrução e motivação. Considerações Finais: À vista disto, os CD’s nas visitas domiciliares encarregam-se de um fundamental papel, em que proporciona um conforto de maneira física e social dos pacientes que são incapacitados por diversas maneiras de irem até Unidade de atendimento.

Role of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in reducing whole salivary oral yeasts colonization in type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients with and without dental implants.

The aim was to assess the impact of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in reducing whole salivary oral yeasts colonization in type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients with dental implants. Type-2 diabetic and self-reported non-diabetic patients were included. Participants were divided into the following groups: Group-1: Type-2 diabetic patients with dental implants; Group-2: Non-diabetic patients with dental implants; Group-3: Type-2 diabetic patients without dental prostheses; Group-4: Non-diabetic patients without dental prostheses. In each group, participants were subdivided into 2-sub-groups. In the test-subgroup, participants received routine oral hygiene maintenance instructions (OHMI) and underwent full mouth disinfection using aPDT; and in the control-group, participants received OHMI alone. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected, hemoglobin A1c levels were measured and yeast colonization was assessed at baseline and at 3-months' follow-up in all groups. Sample-size estimation was done and group-comparisons were done. P-values <0.01 were considered statistically significant. At baseline, the mean oral yeasts colonization was significantly higher among patients in Group-1 (P < 0.001) and 3 (P < 0.001) compared with individuals in groups 2 (P < 0.001) and 4 (P < 0.001). At baseline and at 3-months of follow-up, the mean HbA1c levels and oral yeasts colonization were significantly higher among patients in Group-1 (P < 0.001) and 3 (P < 0.001) compared with individuals in groups 2 (P < 0.001) and 4 (P < 0.001). In the short-term, routine OHMI with adjunct aPDT is more effective in reducing whole salivary oral yeasts counts than OHMI alone in patients with and without dental implants.

#Detkuhaværetmig

Abstract HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN DENMARK USED THE HASHTAG #DETKUHAVÆRETMIG [“IT COULD HAVE BEEN ME”] TO EXPRESS PROFESSIONAL SOLIDARITY WITH A JUNIOR DOCTOR WHO WAS INITIALLY DECLARED NEGLIGENT AFTER ORAL INSTRUCTIONS WERE NOT WRITTEN DOWN AND FOLLOWED UP. THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES HOW THE FUNCTIONALITIES OF TWITTER FACILITATED THE EXPRESSION AND PROPAGATION OF SOLIDARITY WITH A FELLOW MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL. OUR DATA CONSIST OF ALL #DETKUHAVÆRETMIG TWEETS FROM AUGUST 2017–MAY 2019. DEVISING A MIXED METHODS APPROACH TO ANALYSE PROFESSIONAL SOLIDARITY IN TWEETS, WE EXPLORE, AMONGST OTHER THINGS, WHO THE TWEETERS WERE, WHEN THE HASHTAG WAS MOST FREQUENTLY USED, AND THE CONTENT OF TWEETED STATEMENTS. SOLIDARITY WAS EXPRESSED THROUGH THE HASHTAG ITSELF, TWEETED STATEMENTS AND PHOTOS. THE HASHTAG’S PROPAGATION POTENTIAL WAS PROMOTED BY MENTIONING POLITICIANS AND NEWS MEDIA AND INCLUDING CO-HASHTAGS THAT LINKED TO RELATED CONCERNS. TWITTER, THROUGH THE HASHTAG #DETKUHAVÆRETMIG, BECAME A VEHICLE FOR EXPRESSING AND PROPAGATING PROFESSIONAL SOLIDARITY.

Effectiveness of instructed tooth brushing on plaque and oral hygiene among the visually impaired children from a residential blind school in Pune – An interventional study

Aim: The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of instructed tooth brushing on plaque and oral hygiene among the visually impaired children from a residential blind school in Pune. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was conducted for 30 days at a residential Blind School for boys. Twenty-four blind children were recruited for the study. Baseline data were recorded using the modified patient hygiene performance (PHP) index and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHIS). Oral prophylaxis was undertaken. Oral health instruction pamphlet in Braille script was given to them. Supervised tooth brushing twice daily as per the musical audio instructions was performed for 30 days. Postintervention, the indices scores were recorded again. Paired t-test was used for comparison of pre and postintervention scores. Results: The modified PHP score pre and postintervention were 4.19 ± 0.54 and 1.81 ± 0.87, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The OHIS scores pre and postintervention were 3.31 ± 0.88 and 1.04 ± 0.54 and were also statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the instructed tooth brushing program, along with oral prophylaxis and oral hygiene instructions in Braille for the visually impaired children for maintaining their oral hygiene is an effective method.

Application of Flipped Classroom in the Era of Big Data: What Factors Influence the Effect of Teacher‐Student Interaction in Oral English Teaching

Teachers now have a new teaching model to refer to with the emergence of the flipped classroom. The teacher‐student interaction is thought to be influenced by teaching mode as a key indicator of improving teaching efficiency. We develop a research model based on a literature review to explain the drawbacks of teacher‐student interaction in flipped classrooms with oral English instruction. SmartPLS software was used to analyze the survey data of 84 students from three classes. Emotional resistance has a significant negative impact on the effect of teacher‐student interaction in the flipped classroom, whereas learning autonomy and video content quality have a significant positive impact. Our research adds to the body of knowledge in the field of flipped classrooms and provides theoretical support for teachers in colleges and universities who want to use this teaching method.

Cognitive Survey on Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease Among Medical Staffs and Cardiovascular Patients in Hainan

Objective: Periodontitis is linked to increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease and it is significant to have a comprehensive cognition on the mutual influence for combined treatment. The present investigation aimed to promote oral health instruction to patients with periodontitis and/or cardiovascular disease and the medical staffs from the department of cardiology and stomatology. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 Cardiologist and dentists and 120 patients with cardiovascular diseases were randomly investigated in Hainan public hospitals. The subjects' cognition of the correlation between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis were examined through questionnaires. Results: The public represented by patients with cardiovascular disease in Haikou City has a lack of cognition of the two-way relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. 32.1% of medical staff and 72.2% of patients did not know that "periodontitis is a cause of cardiovascular disease", and 83.5% of patients did not know that "periodontitis is a complication of cardiovascular disease". 96.3% of dental medical staff and 87.9% of cardiovascular medical staff expressed the willingness to popularize the correlation between the two diseases to patients. Conclusion: The public in Hainan has insufficient understanding of the correlation between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Clinicians should strengthen the education on the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease.