Optimal Realization Research Articles

Time-Delay Modeling and Simulation for Relay Communication-Based Space Telerobot System

In a space telerobot system (STS), effectiveness of the control method in eliminating the time delay’s influences is advisable to be verified under the real circumstance. However, it is difficult and costly for many scholars to obtain confidential information that would allow them to establish an STS. It may be feasible, using some existing results, to model the time delay as close to reality as possible, and to then program a simulation system to generate the simulated time delay, thus verifying validity. In this article, time-delay modeling and simulation problems for relay communication-based STS are first studied. The time delay in relay communication-based STS consists of both processing and communication time delays; the latter is divided into ground and ground-space parts. By extending the available results, processing and ground communication time delays are modeled with the probability distribution function modeling approach. An optimal communication link identification and minimum time-delay realization (OCLIMTDR) method is proposed to model the ground-space communication time delay. In this method, the novel point–vector–sphere (PVS) algorithm serves to judge link connectivity. The PVS algorithm is based on geometric theory, which gives the OCLIMTDR method good extensibility and renders it suitable for any relay communication network in theory. All three parts of the time-delay models are integrated to form the loop time-delay model of the STS. Subsequently, a time-delay simulation system is created by programming the loop time-delay model. Finally, the correctness of the simulation system is further authenticated based on simulations and some prior knowledge.

Quantum value for a family of I3322 -like Bell functionals

We introduce a three-parameter family of Bell functionals that extends those studied previously [Kaniewski, Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 033420 (2020)] by including a marginal contribution. An analysis of their largest value achievable by quantum realizations naturally splits the family into two branches, and for the first of them we show that this value is given by a simple function of the parameters defining the functionals. In this case we completely characterize the realizations attaining the optimal value and show that these functionals can be used to self-test any partially entangled state of two qubits. The optimal measurements, however, are not unique and form a one-parameter family of qubit measurements. The second branch, which includes the well-known ${I}_{3322}$ functional, is studied numerically. We identify the region in the parameter space where the optimal value can be attained with two-dimensional quantum systems and characterize the state and measurements attaining this value. Finally, we show that the set of realizations introduced by P\'al and V\'ertesi [Phys. Rev. A 82, 022116 (2010)] to obtain the maximal violation of the ${I}_{3322}$ inequality succeeds in approaching the optimal value for a large subset of the functionals in this branch. In these cases we analyze and discuss the main features of the optimal realizations.

СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ КОМУНІКАТИВНОГО ВМІННЯ АУДІЮВАННЯ НА РІВНІ НЕЗАЛЕЖНИХ КОРИСТУВАЧІВ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ

The paper focuses on the description of strategies for improving the communicative skill of listening at the independent user of English level. One of the key competencies of a modern person is the ability to listen carefully, analyze both surface information and deep implications, perceive a message critically, assess it, and understand the speaker’s intentions and purpose. Depth and completeness of oral speech perception and comprehension depend primarily on the level of communicative skills of listening as a complex of speech, intellectual and compensatory skills. We understand listening skill as a multi-componential skill, the recipient’s ability to consciously and purposefully perceive an oral message with subsequent reproduction and interpretation of it. The communicative strategy in listening is the optimal realization of the speaker’s intentions to perceive, decode and comprehend an oral message through disclosing and understanding its meaningful connections. Learning and communicative strategies are closely connected, because the purpose of teaching a foreign language is forming communicative competence in a foreign language. With the purpose of deep and complete comprehension of oral speech it is worth using strategies aimed at training certain communicative skills of listening. In the process of active listening the independent user of English is supposed to make use of the following strategies: 1) the strategy of identifying the context of conversation; 2) the strategy of recognizing speakers’ intentions; 3) the strategy of clarifying the theme of the message and giving a possible variant of the title to it; 4) the strategy of identifying the genre of the text and its style; 5) the strategy of separating facts and opinions; 6) the strategy of recognizing thoughts and opinions of several members of the discussion, finding common ideas; 7) the strategy of determining the organization of information (chronological, thematic, etc) and finding logical connections between parts of the text; 8) the strategy of identifying details; 9) the strategy of working out the meaning of unknown words from context. The article demonstrates how these learning and communicative strategies are used in the teaching process on the example of exercises in the English textbooks of B1-B2 levels: Choices Upper-Intermediate, Get 200 and Pioneer B2.

Time optimal realization of two-qubit entangler

Time optimal realization of two-qubit entangler

Efektivitas Komunikasi Organisasi Pada Organisasi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Pattimura

The problem is that the effectiveness of communication has not been carried out in educational organizations. This study aims to analyze and explain the description of the level of employee work effectiveness, the effectiveness of the dimensions of organizational communication vertically and horizontally, as well as the factors that cause the effectiveness of organizational communication at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences at Pattimura University. The design of this study used a univariate descriptive quantitative method with a sample size of 25 people and the analytical technique was porcentative and conversional through the sociometric choice status index (ISP) in determining the priority of improvement by taking into account the relationship in the univariate model. The results of the analysis prove that the Factors Causing Organizational Communication Effectiveness are related through the Effectiveness of Organizational Communication Dimensions that affect Employee Work Effectiveness (Y) of 0.704 (70.4%) based on ISP as a follow-up increase by considering the intervention of other factors in outside the univariate research model of 0.296 (29.6%). The findings of this study in a univariate scope provide opportunities for structured improvement and strengthening of organizational communication which has implications for the achievement of optimal realization of Organizational Communication Effectiveness at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Pattimura University

Using the finite element analysis to study the cutting speed influence on temperature and internal stresses in the turning process

The tendency to use the approach ing of finite element method in the turning simulation is becoming increasingly pronounced. The cutting process study based on this type of method requires the identification and knowledge of the geometric tool parameters that define the whole process. This simulation method aims to establish and describe the entire development process, characterized by trying to identify and present the optimal solution or close to an optimal realization and practical development of the entire cutting process. This study aims to draw up tabular analysis reports based on performing a series of simulations on the C45 material using the finite element approaching on DEFORM 2D. During the performed simulations, the same input values of the cutting conditions will be kept, except in the case of the cutting speed, whose modification is the object of the study. In this context, the cutting speed change influences the effective stresses distribution, the temperatures, and the cutting force variation in the cutting process. These issues were followed, and a package of own conclusions and points of view could be operationalized immediately.

Sexual gender roles and stereotypes and the sexual double standard in sexual satisfaction among Portuguese college students: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT Research on sexual satisfaction in Portugal is still limited; what exists, however, highlights barriers preventing optimal realisation of this dimension of sexuality and sexual health. Physical and relational barriers have been consistently evidenced, whereas social and cultural barriers have been less studied. Using focus groups, we aimed to explore perceptions of Portuguese college students (N = 47) about sexual satisfaction – more specifically, about gender differences and about how sexual gender roles and stereotypes and the Sexual Double Standard may influence sexual satisfaction. We found that sexual satisfaction is perceived to be sub-optimal, especially for women in casual sexual relationships, and that the differences are attributed by both male and female to the constraints imposed by sexual gender roles, sexual gender stereotypes, and the sexual double standard. Deconstructing these socio-sexual beliefs is needed in order to achieve a higher, egalitarian level of sexual satisfaction and to promote sexual health.

МЕХАНІЗМ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ КОНТРОЛІНГУ В СИСТЕМУ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

The article considers the market conditions of business, which create grounds for using the newest approaches and methods in preparation and realization of managerial decisions in administrative management. In the conditions of scientific and technical progress, tough competition and instability of the environment, enterprises become more and more complex systems. Therefore, their management needs increasing attention, that is, the application of adequate management methods, which will be in accordance with the improved and more complex operating conditions of the enterprises and will help to ensure their profitable activity. The formation of an effective management system in the company is connected with the system of control, which should take into account trends of market environment development. The system of controlling in administrative management provides an integral view of the activity of enterprises and organizations as in the past, present and allows to form an idea about the future, as well as a systematic approach to the solution and identification of problems faced by the company. Forming a certain framework of the activities of all divisions and services of the Company in order to achieve strategic and operational goals, the controlling takes the administrative management of the Company to a qualitatively new level. Introduction of controlling as a functionally separate direction of business entity work at the enterprise is the main direction for optimal realization of the enterprise's production capacities, provision of growing profitable activity and stable functioning. It is defined, the controlling as the concept of effective administrative management, which provides timely organization of the necessary information concerning internal and external environment, carries out the controlling function, which covers all aspects of the organization's functioning, and also acts as a mechanism, which represents synthesis of elements of accounting, analysis, control and planning, that ensures creation of recommendations for making managerial decisions and achievement of the company's goals. The possibility of rapid adaptation of the company to changes is quite important in the current economic conditions. This, in turn, causes the necessity of introducing a system of controlling in administrative management.

ANALISIS BELUM OPTIMALNYA REALISASI ANGGARAN BELANJA PADA BAGIAN UMUM SETDA MALUKU

This study aims to analyze the not yet optimal realization of the expenditure budget at the Maluku Regional Secretariat General Bureau. This study uses a quantitative descriptive research approach and is supported by in-depth interviews, in which the researcher explains existing phenomena using numbers to obtain an overview and characteristics of the conditions under study. Data collection is done by means of interviews, observation (observation) and documentation. Data analysis techniques use spending variance and spending growth. The results of this study indicate that the results of the analysis of variance on state spending in 2019 - 2020 show an increase. Meanwhile, the results of the analysis of budget growth in 2020 show not good. This is because the growth value is negative, which is caused by refocusing.
 Keywords: Analysis, Budget, Expenditure Realization

Realization of bi-level optimization of adaptive building envelope with a finite-difference model featuring short execution time and versatility

The application of adaptive building envelope (ABE) is an important approach to energy conservation and carbon emissions reduction in buildings. In order to achieve high performance, both the design and control of an ABE system require optimization. Bi-level optimization is proposed for this type of problem. The greatest challenge to the application of bi-level optimization is the tremendous amount of computational resources required to solve the problem. This paper realizes bi-level optimization of ABE with a finite-difference (FD) model written in MATLAB. This FD model, compared to packaged building energy simulation (BES) programs like EnergyPlus, can potentially shorten the execution time by more than 84% and model various ABE systems whose modelling is not supported by packaged BES programs. The design and control of a ventilated façade is optimized using this model as an example. It is found that performance of the explicit constraint and the implicit constraint is similar, but their applicability is different. Moreover, design parameters have a great impact on the model predictive control (MPC) sequence. MPC, on the other hand, has the ability to reduce the ratio of the energy cost of the worst design to that of the best design from 7.41 to 3.63.

Realization of combinatorial optimization of small-scale S-box

This method describes a new technology for combinatorial logic optimization in detail, which can combine multiple criteria to reduce the hardware implementation area of the S-box. This technique can be achieved in two steps. The first is to optimize the non-linear part of the S-box. According to the optimization criterion of multiplication complexity, the quality of the S-box nonlinear part optimization can be judged, and the realization of the S-box with the smallest multiplication complexity can be obtained. The second step is to optimize the linear part of the S-box, and optimize on the basis of the results of the first step, focusing on reducing the number of XOR gates, and the optimization is performed through a heuristic-based algorithm. The above combinatorial logic optimization technology can be applied to any small S-box (5 × 5 and below). Finally, the S-box of PRESENT algorithm and CTC2 algorithm are used as examples to illustrate the optimization effect, and the optimal realization under the minimum AND gate condition is obtained.

Magic Bookmark: A Nonintrusive Electronic System for Functionalizing Physical Books

The use of physical paper is often preferred due to its unique physical properties that improve various aspects of reading. However, digital media and information are more engaging, diverse, and up to date, thereby challenging the existence of paper in our everyday life. By combining the two types of media in a seamless way, the interactivity of multimedia content can complement the reading experience, maintaining the unique feel of paper books. The current state of the art addressing this application negatively impacts the reading experience and often does not consider the manufacturability and sustainability of the proposed solutions. Herein, the Magic Bookmark, a technical solution for automatically recognizing the open page of a physical book, to provide seamless augmentation without changing the user's behavior and experience significantly is introduced. Three alternative solutions are implemented, with various degrees of ease of use, manufacturability at scale, and reliability of data reading. The optimal realization is found to be a reflective optical readout array, for which routes to implementation that may allow blending the graphical and functional aspects of the augmented book are proposed.

New Approach and Alternate Criterion for Heat-transfer Analysis of Building Walls and Its Applications

Energy consumed by buildings accounts for approximately one-third of the total energy consumption of the society. Moreover, energy systems employed in buildings emit hazardous pollutants, such as, NOx, PM2.5 and CO2, into the environment. Consequently, increasing the energy efficiency of buildings constitutes an important problem concerning the field of building-energy and environment conservation. Thermal resistance and capacitance are two important thermophysical properties of building walls significantly impacting their heat-transfer performance. Traditional theories concerning these properties, however, face certain limitations: (1) the concept of thermal resistance is only valid for one-dimensional, steady heat conduction without existence of an internal heat source; (2) thermal resistance and capacitance are relevant, and can, therefore, not be used to analyze heat-transfer and storage performance, respectively, of building walls. Based on the entransy-dissipation-based impedance theory, a new approach towards realization of heat-transfer analysis and optimization has been proposed in this study. The weightiness of thermal resistance and capacitance with regard to heat-transfer performance has been described along with deduction of the corresponding substitutional relation via illustrative examples. The proposed approach has been demonstrated to effectively overcome aforementioned limitations of building energy conservation problems.

Optimal realizations and the block decomposition of a finite metric space

Finite metric spaces are an essential tool in discrete mathematics and have applications in several areas including computational biology, image analysis, speech recognition, and information retrieval. Given any such metric D on a finite set X, an important problem is to find appropriate ways to realize D by weighting the edges in some graph G containing X in its vertex set such that D(x,y) equals the length of a shortest path from x to y in G for all x,y∈X. Here we focus on realizations with minimum total edge weight, called optimal realizations. By considering the 2-connected components and bridges in any optimal realization G of D we obtain an additive decomposition of D into simpler metrics. We show that this decomposition, called the block decomposition, is canonical in that it only depends on D and not on G, and that the decomposition can be computed in O(|X|3) time. As well as providing a fundamental new way to decompose any finite metric space, we expect that the block decomposition will provide a useful preprocessing tool for deriving metric realizations.

РАЗВИТИЕ SMART-СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ ФЕРМЕРСКИХ ХОЗЯЙСТВ

Looking for ways to increasing efficiency of farms is an important national economic problem. At the same time, priorities should be given to endogenous factors of economic development. Moreover, the experience of the most successful farmers has shown that smart-specialization as a concept of sustainable, innovative and niche agricultural production has a high potential for improving management efficiency now. The aim of the research is to form the scientific bases for farms smart-specialization development. The conceptual fundamentals of development the smart-specialization of Ukrainian farms are outlined, which are based on the principles of innovativeness and competence of farmers, entrepreneurial search, rational production specialization, economic, environmental and social efficiency of land use, intensification of inter-farm interaction. It has been substantiated that transition to the smart-specialization makes it possible to reorient farms to a model of innovatively-oriented strategic specialized diversification of agricultural production, intensive, integrated growth in niche segments of the agrarian market under the conditions of the optimal realization of their land and resource potential, limited effect of economies of scale in farms and competitive pressure. It has been shown, that the system of managerial decisions in the conditions of smart-specialization of farms should be based on the balance of ensuring maximum efficiency or sensitivity of production to changes in market conditions. In the first case, a production should be more flexible, but less specialized. In the second case, a specialization will be narrow with the maximum full utilization of production capacities of the economy. Focusing on the product it is necessary to determine the optimal volume of production, based on market demand, taking into account seasonality. Two-way communication with production shows the interdependence of these factors on the level and chosen direction of the smartspecialization of a farm, causing a wide or narrow range of production, as well as the dynamics of the level of finished goods inventories. In order to increasing efficiency of farms in the transition to the smartspecialization model, the creation of the national information center (hub) for farming development on the basis of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine have been promised.

Research and Realization of Artificial Intelligence-based Salary System Optimization

With the development of technology, computers have penetrated into various industries. At this stage, the way of companies manage their compensation has also gained wide attention, especially in the economics industry and the management industry. No matter what kind of company, the compensation management system is crucial. Due to the continuous progress of our national economy, the competition in the market becomes more and more fierce, and for enterprises, in order to meet the competition in the market, they need to improve the requirements for the compensation system and plan a suitable compensation management system according to the market requirements, it can improve the efficiency and achieve a win-win situation between enterprises and employees. To achieve this requirement, the traditional management model is no longer applicable, and this paper focuses on the research and implementation of salary system optimization based on artificial intelligence.

Retraction: Research and Realization of Artificial Intelligence-based Salary System Optimization (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1915 022056)

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an allegation that raises concerns this article may have been created, manipulated, and/or sold by a commercial entity. In addition, IOP Publishing has seen no evidence that reliable peer review was conducted on this article, despite the clear standards expected of and communicated to conference organisers. The authors of the article have been given opportunity to present evidence that they were the original and genuine creators of the work, however at the time of publication of this notice, IOP Publishing has not received any response. IOP Publishing has analysed the article and agrees there are enough indicators to cause serious doubts over the legitimacy of the work and agree this article should be retracted. The authors are encouraged to contact IOP Publishing Limited if they have any comments on this retraction. Retraction published: 9 September 2022

Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

New Formulation and Computation of NRDF for Time-Varying Multivariate Gaussian Processes With Correlated Noise

We derive a new formulation of nonanticipative rate distortion function (NRDF) for time-varying multivariate Gauss-Markov processes driven by correlated noise described by a first order autoregressive moving average (ARMA(1,1)) process with mean-squared error (MSE) distortion constraint. To arrive to this formulation, we first show that the Gauss-Markov process with correlated noise can be compactly written as a linear functional of the lagged by one sample of the sufficient statistic of the correlated noise and its orthogonal innovations process. Then, we use this structural result to a general low delay quantization problem where we choose to design the encoder and the decoder policies of a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system with given the past sample of the sufficient statistic of the correlated noise process. For jointly Gaussian processes, we find the minimization problem that needs to be solved, obtain its optimal realization and solve it by showing that is semidefinite representable. Interestingly, the optimal realization of this problem reveals that it suffices only the decoder to have access to the given past sufficient statistic of the correlated noise process but not necessarily the encoder. For scalar-valued processes, we also derive a new analytical expression. The generality of our results (both for vector and scalar processes) is shown by recovering various special cases and known results obtained for independent noise processes.

Selecting optimal SpMV realizations for GPUs via machine learning

More than 10 years of research related to the development of efficient GPU routines for the sparse matrix-vector product (SpMV) have led to several realizations, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. In this work, we review some of the most relevant efforts on the subject, evaluate a few prominent routines that are publicly available using more than 3000 matrices from different applications, and apply machine learning techniques to anticipate which SpMV realization will perform best for each sparse matrix on a given parallel platform. Our numerical experiments confirm the methods offer such varied behaviors depending on the matrix structure that the identification of general rules to select the optimal method for a given matrix becomes extremely difficult, though some useful strategies (heuristics) can be defined. Using a machine learning approach, we show that it is possible to obtain unexpensive classifiers that predict the best method for a given sparse matrix with over 80% accuracy, demonstrating that this approach can deliver important reductions in both execution time and energy consumption.