Expression Of Opinion Research Articles

Effectiveness of using a role playing strategy in developing dialogue skills in a language subject for students in the third grade intermediate in Hafr Al-Batin: فاعلية استخدام استراتيجية لعب الأدوار في تنمية مهارات الحوار في مادة لغتي لدى طلاب الصف الثالث المتوسط بحفر الباطن

The aim of this study was to identify the effectiveness of teaching role playing strategy in developing dialogue skills in the immortal language of the intermediate third grade students. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the semi-experimental method by designing the two equal groups. The sample contains 51 students, 26 students for the control group and 25 students for the experimental group. The researcher used the statistical treatments using the SPSS program, The study has resulted in The results showed that the level of dialogue skills on the student scale among the average third-grade students in the experimental and control groups was medium. The mean of the two groups was on all dialogue skills (2.23). The skill of expressing the opinion is one of the most common dialogue skills, (2.25), while the skill of listening and listening is second, with an average of (2.24), followed by self-esteem in third place with an average of 2.23. Finally, ). In addition, there were statistically significant differences at the level of α 0.05 0.05 in post-performance in all dialogue skills (self-esteem, good listening and listening, respect for others, expression of opinion). In the light of its findings, the researcher made a number of recommendations.

I think we need…: Verbal expressions of opinion in conference presentations in English and in French

This paper examines the frequency and functions of English and French opinion markers in 60 presentation transcripts of the EIIDA corpus in Linguistics and in Chemistry, Geochemistry, Marine, and Water Sciences. These functions, found in all four sub-corpora, include highlighting a general or strong opinion, proposing a hypothesis or negotiating with the audience, expressing doubt, or classifying information. Several important differences can be observed. First, the English verb think frequently functions as a discourse marker, more so than the French penser. In French, adverbials, the pronoun on and the conjunction que are frequent with an opinion verb, but were largely absent in English. In Linguistics, English speakers are more likely to express the subjective opinion that a result is “interesting”, whereas in the other three sub-corpora speakers are more likely to employ a modal verb, except with think, to hedge a statement. As regards to discipline, there appears to be slightly more markers of opinion in Linguistics. In the Sciences, markers of opinion are often related to an observation (on se rend compte, ‘one realizes’). Overall, opinion verbs tend here to be dialogic, serving to express doubt or to negotiate with the audience, rather than to confirm a forceful personal position.Keywords: oral academic discourse, opinion, English, French

It's safe: food as a way of expression for children in Warsaw

ABSTRACTThe role of food in family relations is often discussed with a focus on discipline and control. This paper shows how food can also be used to create children’s safe spaces, defined as the social conditions that allow relatively independent expression of opinions, emotions and practices. Based on ethnographic research conducted with families in Warsaw in 2012–2013, I discuss different ways in which food is used to create and express such safe spaces. Firstly, I look at how children use food to create their own, personal and hidden safe space, in opposition to parental rule. Secondly, I analyse how food is used to build a safe space between adults and children. I argue that within often antagonistic family food relations there is in fact a space for children’s expression. Thirdly, I discuss the role of food in creating safe spaces for children during the research process. This paper takes a relational approach to the concept of safe space, and considers what kind of social relations and processes enable children’s autonomous expression with the means of food.

A table-based turn-taking system and its political consequences

Abstract Turn-taking in political settings faces the problem of how to enable the participation of larger numbers of speakers in orderly ways; solutions have been described as offered by constrained formats like the turn-type pre-allocation system or the mediated turn-taking system. This paper describes another specific solution, a table-based turn-taking system. The study describes how facilitators managing brainstorming sessions in a participatory project exploit the spatial distribution of the citizens around tables scattered in the meeting room. By organizing discussions table by table, rather than selecting next individual speakers, the facilitators select groups and attributes specific rights and obligations to talk to “tables”, which are then treated not as a mere spatial location but as a political entity. The table-based device does not just solve problems of turn-taking management but also fosters the expression of collective opinions of the “table” as a place for building consensus.

Spiral of silence in a post-violent context: the influence of reference groups and fear of being in a minority position

ABSTRACTModern democracy is based on the expression of political opinions; however, in democratic societies where political violence exists, it decreases. Once violence is over, the recovery of free speech and the exchange of opinions become a key area for peace studies. This exploratory study investigates the expression of opinions about the violence suffered once it has ended. We focus on the Basque Country where the Euskadi Ta Askatasuna group (ETA, Basque Homeland and Freedom) had been using political violence from 1959 to 2011. Using survey data (N = 257), we investigate how (1) the fear of being in a minority position, (2) the closeness to the reference groups, and (3) the interaction between both variables affect opinion expression. Results show that fear of being in a minority position about violence in the Basque Country decreases opinion expression and that closeness to the reference groups has direct and indirect effect on opinion expression. This study contributes, firstly, to the limited research on the political opinion expression about the violence experienced in the Basque Country, secondly, to the limited research on its peace process, and thirdly, by adopting as reference groups those resulting from the use of violence.

The Black catalyst to tweet: the role of discrimination experience, group identification, and racial agency in Black Americans’ instrumental use of Twitter

ABSTRACTThe strong presence of Blacks on Twitter has attracted scholarly attention, but few empirical studies have provided a clear, theory-driven answer to the question of how Blacks use Twitter. Drawing on the uses and gratifications framework and the rejection-identification model, we examined how discrimination experience, group identification, and racial agency influence Black Americans’ instrumental use of Twitter. An online survey conducted with a national adult sample of 323 Black American Twitter users showed that the experience of discrimination in everyday settings indirectly predicted three types of instrumental use of Twitter (information seeking, opinion expression, and social networking) through serial mediation of group identification and racial agency. The direct effects of discrimination experience on the three types of instrumental use were not significant, nor were the indirect effects of discrimination experience on instrumental use only through group identification and only through racial agency. These results indicate that Black Americans’ goal-driven, purposeful use of Twitter may be understood as a form of problem-focused coping with discrimination experience. The current findings also suggest that Black users’ identification with their racial group and desire to make a positive difference in the Black community constitute a pivotal mechanism underlying their instrumental use of Twitter.

An Informational Influence Perspective on (Non) conformity: Perceived Knowledgeability Increases Expression of Minority Opinions

Two studies tested whether perceived knowledgeability, a metacognitive indicator of attitude strength, predicts expression of minority (but not majority) opinions on social/political issues. In Study 1, the tendency for participants in the minority to be slower to report their opinions than participants in the majority was present among those who felt less knowledgeable in their attitudes toward controversial issues, but not among those who felt more knowledgeable. In Study 2, perceived knowledgeability moderated the relationship between minority opinion status on an issue and willingness to discuss an issue with someone who held the opposite opinion as oneself. In both studies, attitude certainty produced similar effects to perceived knowledgeability. Implications for processes of informational versus normative influence in opinion expression and conformity, as well as for the metacognitive model of attitude strength, are discussed.

The Joint Moderating Effects of Activated Negative Moods and Group Voice Climate on the Relationship between Power Distance Orientation and Employee Voice Behavior

Employees inherently have concerns about the consequences of speaking up, and this is particularly notable for employees with high power distance orientation (PDO). Drawing on ideas from the dual-pathway model of mood and social information processing theory, we propose that activated negative mood and group voice climate can synergistically facilitate high-PDO employees' voice behaviors. Using a sample from 305 real-estate sales agents in 66 work groups in Taiwan, we examined the joint moderating effects of activated negative mood and group voice climate on employees' two forms of voice behavior. Our results show that PDO had a negative relationship with promotive voice but did not have a significant relationship with prohibitive voice. Nevertheless, our results show that in the situation where both activated negative mood and group voice climate were high, PDO no longer had a negative relationship with promotive voice, and even had a positive relationship with prohibitive voice. The findings of this study provide theoretical insights for the voice literature and offer practical suggestions for facilitating opinion expression in organisations.

Leerders se ervarings tydens blogging in 'n Afrikaansklas

Hierdie studie het op blogging gefokus, as een van die moontlike maniere waarop 'n rekenaar in 'n Afrikaansklas gebruik kan word, met die doel om integrasie tussen die verskillende leerareas te bevorder. Die navorser wou bepaal hoe leerders blogging sou hanteer, met die fokus op die verskillende komponente in die skoolomgewing - die gebruik van tegnologie, die leerders self, die reëls waaraan hulle moes voldoen en die gemeenskap waarin hulle leef, naamlik die onderwyser, en ander leerders en ouers wat op hul werk kommentaar moes lewer. Hierdie komponente is belangrik in die aktiwiteitsteorie. Met Maier en Ellen se 1956-frustrasieteorie as agtergrond, het die navorser aangeneem dat die projek leerders sal motiveer om beter as in die verlede te doen, of dat dit aggressie, regressie, vermyding of fiksasie sou veroorsaak. Die navorser het 'n kwalitatiewe, interpretatiewe gevallestudie onderneem met 40 graad tien Eerste Addisionele Taal Afrikaans-leerders van 'n privaat skool as deelnemers. Die leerders moes dagboekinskrywings in 'n blog doen. Daarna het hulle narratiewe kommentaar oor hulle ervarings geskryf. Dit is verbatim oorgetik en deur middel van Atlas.ti ontleed. Die meeste leerders se ervarings was positief, baie het aggressief geraak, 'n groot persen-tasie het na 'n normale skryftaak geregresseer, terwyl sommige probeer het om die probleem sover as moontlik te ignoreer. Leerders het hul eie frustrasievlakke verhoog as gevolg van vergeetagtigheid, foute en 'n gebrek aan tydsbestuur en kennis.

Predicting social capital on Facebook: The implications of use intensity, perceived content desirability, and Facebook-enabled communication practices

New media researchers have shown that Facebook use and norms of online communicative behaviors can affect people's social network formation and self-perceived social capital. Presumably, individual users vary in perceiving Facebook content posted by others, which may influence the number of working communication features enabled by Facebook. This study thus examines whether perceived content desirability and Facebook-enabled communication practices matter for furthering social capital via Facebook. Specifically, this article examines certain types of Facebook content, including information sharing, self-presentation, and opinion expression. It contends that the three kinds of contents have varying impact on Facebook-specific bridging and bonding social capital through Facebook-enabled communication practices. Analysis of a survey of university students in Hong Kong (N = 406) shows that respondents perceiving high desirability of Facebook contents tend to more actively use Facebook-enabled communicative features than those who do not. The use of technical features, in turn, affects bridging and bonding social capital via Facebook. The analysis thus demonstrates how perceived content desirability can indirectly impact individual-level online social capital.

Exploring Twitter communication dynamics with evolving community analysis

Online Social Networks (OSNs) have been widely adopted as a means of news dissemination, event reporting, opinion expression and discussion. As a result, news and events are being constantly reported and discussed online through OSNs such as Twitter. However, the variety and scale of all the information renders manual analysis extremely cumbersome, and therefore creating a storyline for an event or news story is an effort-intensive task. The main challenge pertains to the magnitude of data to be analyzed. To this end, we propose a framework for ranking the resulting communities and their metadata on the basis of structural, contextual and evolutionary characteristics such as community centrality, textual entropy, persistence and stability. We apply the proposed framework on three Twitter datasets and demonstrate that the analysis that followed enables the extraction of new insights with respect to influential user accounts, topics of discussion and emerging trends. These insights could primarily assist the work of social and political analysis scientists and the work of journalists in their own story telling, but also highlight the limitations of existing analysis methods and pose new research questions. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the ranking of dynamic communities. In addition, our findings suggest future work regarding the determination of the general context of the communities based on structure and evolutionary behavior alone.

Opinion expression via user comments on news websites: analysis through the perspective of the spiral of silence

ABSTRACTUser comments have become an essential part of news websites. In this article, we examine this mode of public expression via the theory of the spiral of silence. This is done while adopting alternative measures, with regard to three major issues on the Israeli agenda, and in comparison to expression in public, as in the traditional theory. Based on an Internet survey (n = 712), the present study results support the relevancy of the spiral of silence to the online comment sphere. Perceived support for one’s opinion by the majority was found to have a positive and significant effect on the willingness to express opinion in the online sphere. The explanatory role of fear of isolation was more significant in the online sphere than in face-to-face context.

“... As Long as Power Relations Exist ... Yes, There are Inequalities…” Social and Educational Inequalities in Greece According to the Views of Female and Male Students of Tertiary Education Institutions

Abstract The issue of social and more specifically educational inequalities in Greek society and education seems to concern the Greek society less and less nowadays. Scientific research and the contemporary sociological theory have focused on specific areas of interest of the phenomenon, neglecting the issue in its macro sociological dimension, without, of course, this meaning that the frames and fields of analysis that have emerged are of minor importance. The main question that concerns this research is, if social and educational inequalities are recognized today by the Greek social body and on which fields they focus. Do social and educational inequalities exist in Greece? Are they recognizable and how are they manifested? Our research was carried out with two research tools: a questionnaire which includes two attitude scales (social and educational inequalities) (N=800) and another one which contains a single question, which concerns the expression of opinion about whether the sample considers that there are inequalities in the Greek education system, and the justification of its views (N=800). The questionnaires were answered by female and male students of Greek Universities and Technological Educational Institutes. We chose the university student status in the sample, in order to record attitudes and opinions of young people who are considered “favored” by the education system. The analysis showed that the sample considers that, indeed, there are inequalities in Greek society as well as in Greek education and it is able to recognize a significant range of indications of the phenomenon. It seems that the experienced inequality prevailed against the “favorable” treatment which the system “reserved” in this specific sample.

Jeannette Rankin, “Democracy and Government,” Carnegie Hall, New York, 2 March 1917

Jeannette Rankin, “Democracy and Government,” Carnegie Hall, New York, 2 March 1917

An information diffusion dynamic model based on social influence and mean-field theory

With the development of online social networks, they rapidly become an ideal platform for information about social information diffusion, commodity marketing, shopping recommendation, opinion expression and social consensus. The social network information propagation has become a research hotspot correspondingly. Meanwhile, information diffusion contains complex dynamic genesis in online social networks. In view of the diversity of information transmission, the efficiency of propagation and the convenience of interaction, it is very important to regulate the accuracy, strengthen the public opinion monitoring and formulating the information control strategy. The purpose of this study is to quantify the intensity of the influence, especially provides a theoretical basis for studying the state transition of different user groups in the evolution process. As existing epidemic model paid less attention to influence factors and previous research about influence calculation mainly focused on static network topology but ignored individual behavior characteristics, we propose an information diffusion dynamics model based on dynamic user behaviors and influence. Firstly, according to the multiple linear regression model, we put forward a method to analyze internal and external factors for influence formation from two aspects:personal memory and user interaction. Secondly, for a similar propagation mechanism of information diffusion and epidemics spreading, in this paper we present an improved SIR model based on mean-field theory by introducing influence factor. The contribution of this paper can be summarized as follows. 1) For the influence quantification, different from the current research work that mainly focuses on network structure, we integrate the internal factors and external factors, and propose a user influence evaluation method based on the multiple linear regression model. The individual memory principle is analyzed by combining user attributes and individual behavior. User interaction is also studied by using the shortest path method in graph theory. 2) On modeling the information diffusion, by referring SIR model, we introduce the user influence factor as the parameter of the state change into the epidemic model. The mean-field theory is used to establish the differential equations. Subsequently, the novel information diffusion dynamics model and verification method are proposed. The method avoids the randomness of the artificial setting parameters within the model, and reveals the nature of multi-factors coupling in the information transmission. Experimental results show that the optimized model can comprehend the principle and information diffusion mechanism of social influence from a more macroscopic level. The study can not only explain the internal and external dynamics genesis of information diffusion, but also explore the behavioral characteristics and behavior laws of human. In addition, we try to provide theoretical basis for situation awareness and control strategy of social information diffusion.

Expantion of Ethical Requirements Applied to Advocacy Beyond Professional Activities of Advocates

The paper deals with an expansive interpretation of the law and application of ethical norms existing and applicable to advocates, which is reflected in the stricter requirements for advocates both within the framework of their professional activities and beyond them, i.e., in fact, even in their private life, giving examples from the history of the Bar in ancient Rome and the Russian Empire. The paper analyzes the mechanism for the formation and expression of public opinion with regard to advocates with allowance for the degree of objectivity of public opinion, as well as for the opinion of the advocates' community itself regarding the morals of its individual representatives. The author, using the A.V. Lekhovitskiy case as an example, demonstrates an extremely rigid attitude of Russian advocates involved in jury proceedings to the moral requirements applied to attorneys-at-law and how they and their assistants complied with them and examines the reasons for such attitude.

Methods of internal control in integrated management accounting system of the enterprise

The purpose of internal control procedure of material and information flows is expression of independent opinion about accounting of material and information flows of the organization, development of recommendations about elimination of detected violations and preparing data to implement automated management accounting system, based on integrated system. Internal control procedure of material and information flows in the enterprise can solve complex of problems about identifying deficiencies in accounting, searching for reserves using information resources, identifying opportunities for implementation of automated management accounting system at the enterprise. Internal control was planned and conducted thus to argue that management statements are free of misstatement, and information flows provide required operability of the entire system. Internal control was carried out on a sample basis and included examining, on a test basis evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in management reports. The disclosure of information about innovative activities, assessment of compliance with the principles and rules of accounting used in the preparation of management reporting, the review of key performance indicators, as well as evaluating the presentation of management reports are presented.

Formulations d'opinions personnelles en contexte scolaire : de la prudence interactionnelle à l'affirmation de soi

The present study is interested in how oral expression is managed in classroom interaction and aims to contribute to our understanding of how personal opinion is sequentially organized in this context and what institutional practices are used by the teachers in order to lead students to reconfigure the way they proffer it during open discussion activities. Through a single case analysis and using Conversational Analysis, we analyze in detail a prototypic question-response sequence that regularly occurs in personal opinion exchange activities in our data. Based on a corpus of 7,5 hours of interaction that was audio and video recorded in French L1 classrooms of Western Switzerland, the data come from a degree of obligatory schooling referred to as secondary-1 and involve students aged between 13 and 14 years old. The expression of personal opinions holds our interest because this everyday activity is not explicitly evaluated in the classroom and yet, it is particularly challenging for students. Although students have at their disposal the linguistic resources to express their opinion, the interest lies in the way the teacher and the students adjust their interactional practices in order to display to each other the appropriateness of a given conduct.

Secular State Discussions at the Constitutional Meeting

S.S. Alexeev, one of the architects of the "Presidential" Draft Constitution that was introduced for discussion and amendment at the 1993 Constitutional Meeting defined the essence of a secular state as 'civilized, non-religious, not over-ideologized state.' Not all participants of the Meeting shared that formula. Some of them considered the idea of a secular state for "our society to be hollow," although many saw its interrelation with the federal form of governance, and, which is more important, with a democratic rule-of-law state. A compound approach to understanding the essence of the secular state, its content and, in general, the usefulness of its constitutional regulation, resulted in very hot debates at the Meeting, especially among representatives of various political, religious and nonreligious views. The paper is devoted to the controversy among the Meeting's participants surrounding the notions of 'secular state,' 'atheistic activity,' 'freedom of expression of atheistic opinions.' The paper focuses attention on the extent to which participants of the Constitutional Meeting, especially the representatives of the legal science and expert institutions, managed to influence amendments made in the original text submitted by the RF President.

ووٹ کی شرعی حیثیت: ایک معاصرانہ نقطہ نظر

Voting is can be defined as: A formal expression of opinion or choice, either positive or negative, made by an individual or Body of individuals or collective expression of will as inferred from a number of votes, or to express or signify will or choice in a matter, as by casting a ballot.Any modern government is chosen by voting in an election by choosing, among several candidates for rule. A vote is a formal expression of an individual's choice. Voting is the method by which the electorates directly make decisions and electorate appoints its representatives in the government. In modern states of today’s world the every citizen of the country has to cast vote in the election, either for National Assembly, Provincial Assembly and B.D election. After the voting successful candidate obtaining highest No. of votes is elected. According to Islamic Law voting is a kind of oath. To lie under oath is also Haraam. The point of Shariah is presented in this article.