Operator Training Research Articles

Development of transporter training simulator based on virtual reality and vehicle dynamics model

A transporter is a means of transportation that is widely used in heavy industries to move heavy loads called blocks. Because the transporter has a more complex operating system compared to the regular car, it takes a lot of time to become familiar with its operation. However, it is not easy to find a proper place and a transporter for training operators. As a result, the number of accidents caused by the operator's inexperience, such as block drops or collisions, is increasing every year. Therefore, in this study, a transporter training simulator based on virtual reality is developed to allow transporter operators to be trained anytime, anywhere without considering actual transporter and a special training place. This training simulator is composed of five modules. The first module is models of the transporter and the shipyard to be displayed in virtual reality. The second is implementation of the transporter operations such as lifting, lowering, and moving wheels. The third is vehicle dynamics model to implement realistic movement of the transporter. The fourth is the network function to simulate collaboration among workers. The fifth is the scenario module to simulate work situations that are similar to actual ones. By using the developed simulator, a scenario where the signalman and the operator collaborate to transport a block is successfully conducted.

ML-Based Approach for Enhancing Sewing Operator Training in the Apparel Industry Using Hand Movement Recognition

ML-Based Approach for Enhancing Sewing Operator Training in the Apparel Industry Using Hand Movement Recognition

Application of Six Sigma and KAIZEN Techniques to Non-Conformities:A Case Study of Pharmaceutical Companies

Every company certainly wants a good product and lots of it in order to get a profit, where at this time the competition is very tight. Therefore, this research is motivated by the many reject problems in the primary packaging product process (filling). This research was carried out at a pharmaceutical company located in Bogor, Wanaherang by taking problems with infusion bottles in January -March 2022, researchers also used 3 comparisons of infusion bottle products in companies, includes: levofloxacin, metronidaol, paracetamol infusion where the number of rejects in January and the most rejects in paracetamol infusion products are 2,303 pcs for 3 months, therefore this study aims to reduce the existing rejects by using the DMAIC, KAIZEN, Six sigma, FMEA and 7tools methodswith the results of the study finding 3 critical to quality that covers: fiber, dirt, packaging. The researcher proposes to improve human resources using the KAIZEN 5Smethodand also scheduling operator training and machine maintenance checks every month so that during the production process minimize all obstacles.

World Federation for Interventional Stroke Treatment (WIST) multispecialty training guidelines for endovascular stroke intervention.

Today, endovascular treatment (EVT) is the therapy of choice for strokes due to acute large vessel occlusion, irrespective of prior thrombolysis. This necessitates fast, coordinated multi-specialty collaboration. Currently, in most countries, the number of physicians and centres with expertise in EVT is limited. Thus, only a small proportion of eligible patients receive this potentially life-saving therapy, often after significant delays. Hence, there is an unmet need to train a sufficient number of physicians and centres in acute stroke intervention in order to allow widespread and timely access to EVT. To provide multi-specialty training guidelines for competency, accreditation and certification of centres and physicians in EVT for acute large vessel occlusion strokes. The World Federation for Interventional Stroke Treatment (WIST) consists of experts in the field of endovascular stroke treatment. This interdisciplinary working group developed competency - rather than time-based - guidelines for operator training, taking into consideration trainees' previous skillsets and experience. Existing training concepts from mostly single specialty organizations were analysed and incorporated. The WIST establishes an individualized approach to acquiring clinical knowledge and procedural skills to meet the competency requirements for certification of interventionalists of various disciplines and stroke centres in EVT. WIST guidelines encourage acquisition of skills using innovative training methods such as structured supervised high-fidelity simulation and procedural performance on human perfused cadaveric models. WIST multispecialty guidelines outline competency and quality standards for physicians and centres to perform safe and effective EVT. The role of quality control and quality assurance is highlighted.

МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ОБУЧЕНИЯ ОПЕРАТОРОВ

The article continues the authors’ research on constructing computer simulators for operators of technological control objects. The concept of hierarchical (two-level) mathematical stimulation of operation staff is proposed, which imitates the dynamic features of a man and implements the logical conclusion of decision-making. This resulted in a quality assessment and training correction in implementing both individual and collective operator training. The apparatus of fuzzy logic and E-nets (extended Petri nets) is used when constructing a logical and dynamic model for training purpose.

Analysis of factors influencing the performance of cadets trained to operate logging machinery

The paper analyzes factors that affect human productivity when operating logging machinery. It assesses how training machines and simulators influence the results of training. The paper further describes novel methods for testing the psycho physiological traits of human beings that enable evaluating the precision of guiding the implement of the logging machine in horizontal plane as well as by boom extension. The results of testing a group of cadets are presented herein. The research team found the boundaries of the test results obtained by the author-developed methods as compared against the results of final examinations held to complete the logging machinery operation training. The paper will be of interest for human-machine interaction and logging machine training specialists.

Thực trạng và một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quản lý sử dụng, bảo dưỡng- sửa chữa trang thiết bị y tế tại bệnh viện tim mạch An Giang năm 2021

The study was conducted to review the situation and to analyze factors affecting on the management, use, maintenance and repair of medical equipment at An Giang Cardiovascular Hospital in 2021. The study condected as the cross-sectional method and combine with quantitative and qualitative research. In which, quantitative research is conducted first and qualitative research is conducted later to explain for quantitative research results. The research showed that: The hospital had enough equipment for medical analysing and treatments of popular diseases and the equipment meet the required equipment lists. Equipment used under 5 years acount for 76.4%, the equipment, used more than 10 years, took 5.5%. The highest daily frequency of equipment usegage was in the Laboratory department with 100% and the Radiology department with 90% of the equipment, the rest of the departments had a lower frequency of use (within...). The factors affecting the frequency of use are listed in order of priority, including: mechanisms and policies, suppliers, management, human resources, maintenance and repair costs. Research results showed that hospitals need to organize annual training in equipment operation, use and maintenance. There is a shortage of well-trained staff at the faculty, so technical staff need to be recruited and trained to improve their qualifications. Equipment maintenance and repair costs are still low and need more attention. Keywords: Medical equipment, Cardiovascular Hospital, An Giang province

Моделі процесу навчання оператора автоматизованої системи управління технологічним процесом

The work is devoted to the problem of considering the human factor in the management circuit. Namely, the formation of the human operator of the automated technological process management system skills necessary to regulate regular and non-regular situations that arise during the operation of the system. when developing an automated system, it is necessary to organize human interaction with the control system in such a way as to use the positive properties of these two components of the integrated system in the most effective way. To implement the learning process, simulators are used, which allows you to determine a clear practical orientation of the learning process, individualize the educational trajectory of the student, adjust the content of the course, develop skills necessary for work, which increases the effectiveness of learning and motivation of students. A conceptual model of the training system is proposed, which allows to find out the set of necessary characteristics, properties and peculiarities of the functioning of the object of research and development. The principle of operation of the model is as follows: the operator observes several graphs on the monitor, each of which reflects the current state of one of the technological processes, while the effects and reactions in regular and non-regular situations are recorded. A model description of the composition and structure of the training system has been developed, which allows considering all the necessary aspects of the training process and the relationship between individual training procedures and criteria for evaluating the quality of training. The criterion for the quality of operator training has been improved due to a balanced combination of the quality criterion for recognizing situations and the quality criterion for recognizing sequences of events, which makes it possible to form adequate assessments of the success of an operator observing several continuous processes. A program embedded in Microsoft Excel was developed, which simulates controlled processes, allows the operator to react to events and evaluates the success of his activities. The obtained results predictably increase the success rate of training the operator of the automated technological process control system. Quantitative assessment of success growth is possible with further experimental studies involving the number of participants, which will ensure the reliability of experiments. Key words: operator, simulator, conceptual model, criterion of training quality.

AUTOMATIC TRAINING EXPERT SYSTEM

Group training in general secondary education, secondary and higher specialized educational institutions involves the transfer of knowledge and the development of skills, with an orientation to the "average" according to the abilities of the student. At the same time, achieving such a level of training as "skills" is, in principle, impossible. The level of skills requires, as a rule, individual training with the use of various kinds of teaching and training systems together with the method of iterative learning. The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and the transition to distance learning have intensified the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) for teaching without the presence of a teacher. All this determines the relevance of the development of an automatic training system based on an expert system that ensures, in the absence of a teacher, the achievement of the maximum for each student, depending on his intelligence, the required level of training. In this paper, the structure of an automatic learning system is proposed, which ensures the assimilation of educational material to a given level of learning without the participation of a teacher. Using the example of using such a system for training operators of an arc steelmaking furnace, the work of the system elements is shown: the object simulator model, the trainee error analysis blocks, the synthesis of training information, as well as database and knowledge functions. The issues of obtaining andformalizing the knowledge of expert teachers are considered separately. Examples of the formation of knowledge frames for the training of chipboard steelworkers are given. For example, to teach the process of mixing an electric steelmaking process, 81 frames of information are needed, providing educational comments for all kinds of mistakes of the trainees. Conclusions were drawn based on the results of the work.

Analysing the Impact of Autonomous Maintenance on the Packaging Line of a Pharmaceutical Industry

To meet the market’s challenges, industries are today confronted with a difficult situation, particularly maintaining product quality at competitive costs. Such a condition necessitates an increase in productivity with decreased ex-penses. Autonomous Maintenance (AM) facilitates this for industries. This project intends to integrate Autonomous Maintenance (AM) in a pharmaceutical manufacturing line, with a focus on the needs of a developing-country business. The focus of the research has been on operator training as the primary component of autonomous maintenance. It tries to instill a sense of responsibility for machine maintenance among machine workers. This allows the maintenance staff to focus on other essential responsibilities. The analysis of recurring losses and their resolution established the basis for the implementation of AM. The required for Scheduled Maintenance was lowered by 2.61 hours per week. Since the deployment of AM, the OEE has been on the rise and is approaching the world-class level of 80%. AM has cut unscheduled downtime by more than 100 percent and prevented additional changeover delays. As a result of a 6% improvement in total uptime, typical shift times have been lowered, bringing significant benefits to both the firm and its personnel. The report proposes that stakeholders continuously seek chances for development and expand the scope of additive manufacturing by incorporating activities known to affect the production efficiency of manufacturing lines.

АЛГОРИТМИ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЧАСУ СЕНСОМОТОРНИХ РЕАКЦІЙ ОПЕРАТОРІВ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ

The rapid development of science and technology is leading to a significant expansion of the application areas of unmanned aerial systems for various purposes. The key to their effective use of unmanned aerial systems is the quality training of operators, an important element of which is the professional psychological selection of candidates, in particular, the assessment of their sensorimotor reactions. This can be ensured by selecting and justifying appropriate assessment algorithms. The article proposes algorithms that make it possible to estimate the time of sensorimotor reactions of an operator of unmanned aerial systems of the first class based on the accumulation of statistical material and its mathematical processing based on the results of a full-scale experiment. This makes it possible to evaluate the numerical characteristics of the distribution of the duration of the average reaction time in three modes: skill development, under conditions of interference, and under conditions of skill reconstruction, and ultimately to obtain a generalized assessment. By analyzing random continuous values that acquire a value over a certain interval, it was possible to establish standards against which the obtained indicators of sensorimotor reaction time of the operator of unmanned aerial systems of the first class are compared and a conclusion is made about their suitability for training. The results of testing of the proposed algorithms were carried out, statistical series for three evaluation modes were obtained.For a visual representation of the series, the corresponding histograms of the distribution of the duration of the average reaction time were constructed. In order to eliminate the representativeness error, the statistical series were aligned by selecting a theoretical distribution curve for each, which reflects only the essential features of the statistical material. For this purpose, the distribution histogram was approximated by a fourth-degree polynomial. The interval of the theoretical density of the distribution, falling within which the sensorimotor reaction of an arbitrary person is considered normal, is established. For a given probability of such an event, the reliability of such an event is 0.95. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, an algorithm for estimating the time of sensorimotor reaction of the operator of unmanned aerial systems of class 1 in three modes was synthesized and the corresponding software implementing the developed algorithm was developed. Keywords: unmanned aircraft complexes; sensorimotor reaction; mean reaction time.

Marine Accidents in the Brazilian Amazon: The Problems and Challenges in the Initiatives for Their Prevention Focused on Passenger Ships

The Brazilian Amazon is part of one of the largest river systems in the world, in which the transport of cargo and passengers is commonplace. However, several accidents still occur to passenger ships, causing fatalities. Transportation occurs commonly in remote regions, where there are transport inequalities, and emergency assistance is hard to find. This can affect sustainability in communities with considerable levels of economic and social vulnerability. More information is needed about accidents involving inland transport in the Amazon, to identify the threats to ships and propose strategies for accident prevention. This paper addresses the main problems that long-distance passenger ships face in the Brazilian Amazon, presenting an integrated framework towards accident prevention. First, the present situation is characterized in terms of ship description, spatial distribution, and regulations that are applicable. Next, possible causes of passenger ship accidents are discussed, including topics of concern that should be considered in the Amazon waterways. Finally, measures to help minimize passenger ship accidents are proposed, and the social relevance is discussed. It was found that accidents in the Amazon are due to a combination of human and environmental factors. Stakeholders should strengthen the technical and legal training of ship operators. The use of new technologies for navigational aid and necessary maintenance of ships is suggested. Marine accident prevention initiatives should consider local conditions, such as environmental preservation, cultural respect, and difficulties related to navigation through the complex riverine system of the Amazon region.

Analysis of the Development and Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Designed for NBC Protection Purposes

The lecture is intended for training specialists in higher educational establishments according to the Federal state standard «Robotics for military and special purposes» and also for training operators of robotic complexes (facilities) for military purposes in training centers and military units. The lecture addresses three questions: 1) Analysis of sources of radiation, chemical and biological threats in the Russian Federation. 2) Analysis of the development and use of foreign unmanned aerial vehicles designed for NBC protection purposes. 3) Analysis of the development and use of Russian unmanned aerial vehicles designed for NBC protection purposes.

Digital Twins Utilizing XR-Technology as Robotic Training Tools

Digital technology has evolved towards a new way of processing information: web searches, social platforms, internet forums, and video games have substituted reading books and writing essays. Trainers and educators currently face the challenge of providing natural training and learning environments for digital-natives. In addition to physical spaces, effective training and education require virtual spaces. Digital twins enable trainees to interact with real hardware in virtual training environments. Interactive real-world elements are essential in the training of robot operators. A natural environment for the trainee supports an interesting learning experience while including enough professional substances. We present examples of how virtual environments utilizing digital twins and extended reality can be applied to enable natural and effective robotic training scenarios. Scenarios are validated using cross-platform client devices for extended reality implementations and safety training applications.

Experience and Thinking for the Education of Ultrasound Imaging Students in the Field of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Ultrasound technology has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases, which can provide an important reference for the diagnosis and treatment of obstetrics and gynecology diseases. However, acute onset and rapid change were the major characters of obstetrics and gynecology diseases, thus, the results of ultrasound technology could offer robust evidence on the diagnosis of obstetrics and gynecology diseases. However, ultrasound images have variable characters and which also illustrated "one picture might have more implications of different disease", so it was very necessary for constructing system training lessons by the experienced teachers to culture the students of ultrasound imaging subject in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. In considering of the characteristics for ultrasound of obstetrics and gynecology, this paper summarizes and discusses issues on how to optimize the improving the quality of students of ultrasound in the field obstetrics and gynecology, rapidly improve the ability of the students for diagnosis and treatment of obstetrics and gynecology diseases, thus, several important points including the self-improvement of teachers, pre-job training of students, the cultivation of humanistic literacy, clinical practice, standardized training of operation, the improvement of diagnostic ideas, follow-up of patients, and the habit of long life learning were analyzed and discussed in this work, which would provide reliable evidence for doctors to diagnosis the obstetrics and gynecology diseases. This study would provide benefit reference for the future training of ultrasound imaging talents.

TESTING HUMAN ERRORS IN VIRTUAL REALITY TRAINING

The emergency training of industrial process plant operators is one of the most widely used tools to increase the reliability of human factors to handle an emergency situation. However, the preparation and operation of full-fledged simulators and trainers is very expensive and, therefore, virtual environment tools are used. A question that has not yet been answered is: Can virtual reality match the reliability of other methods of operation and is the same training in virtual reality effective? The experiment was carried out in the three-walled virtual CAVE, with virtual reality glasses, with a computer, a tablet, and a real control panel. Visual stimuli were displayed on the screen of the virtual monitor (green, yellow, and red); auditory stimuli were pure tones with frequencies of 250, 1000 and 4000 Hz. The conclusion should explicitly state if the hypothesis defined for the research has been confirmed and there are significant differences in terms of interface type. Training in virtual reality induces lower operator reliability, but in specific conditions (visual stimuli, virtual reality glasses) can match the reliability of other methods of operation and can be effective.

Effect of Industry 4.0 technologies adoption on the learning process of workers in a quality inspection operation

This study examines the effect of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies on the learning process of operators. We collected data from the training of new operators in a quality inspection workstation. Two distinct scenarios were considered: before and after the adoption of I4.0 technologies. Data from 10 operators were collected in each scenario; the quality inspection cycle was repeated by each operator 30 consecutive times. A 2-parameter hyperbolic learning curve model was used to assess the learning process in the two groups. Results indicated that operators supported by I4.0 technologies had a significantly higher learning rate than those performing the same tasks without I4.0 support. No significant difference was found in the final performance level between groups. Our study bridges a theoretical gap in the relationship between I4.0 and learning by directly comparing the effect of digital support on the training of new employees in a manufacturing environment. We also offer arguments to support managerial decisions with regards to I4.0 adopti-on at an operational level. That allows organisations to prioritise their digitalisation efforts so that the training of operators in workstations can be expedited.

Operator actions evaluation for MSGTR accident mitigation

The safety assessment of nuclear power plants for multiple failure accidents such as Multiple Steam Generator Tube Rupture (MSGTR) and the verification of the suitability of accident management measures have gained prominence in the nuclear engineering field after the Fukushima accident. Compared to Steam Generator Tube Rupture (SGTR), the MSGTR accident progresses rapidly due to the high break flow rate, and thus appropriate operator actions are essential to prevent the release of radioactive materials into the environment. It is crucial for the operators to identify the MSGTR early and perform each operator action within the allotted time in order to mitigate the accident successfully. In this study, a reference analysis model for MSGTR is developed, differences from SGTR are analyzed, and the required time for major operator actions are derived through various sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, the operator can confirm that there is a high possibility of MSGTR occurring through the changes in the subcooling degree at the hot-leg and the Pressurizer (PZR) water level. The appropriate time to be initiated for major operator actions are as follows: (1) Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP) manual trip within 10 min after the reactor trip, (2) Reactor Coolant System (RCS) temporary-cooldown operation through Main Steam Isolation Bypass Valve (MSIBV) and Steam Bypass Control System (SBCS) within 15 min after the reactor trip, (3) PZR spray operation – RCS temporary-cooldown operation in progress, and (4) RCS controlled-cooldown operation using Atmospheric Dump Valve (ADV) within 15 min after the end of the RCS temporary-cooldown operation. Additional possible action is the restart of RCP, but the execution of this action depends on the operator’s judgment. The results of this investigation have significant implications which can be utilized for improving the accident mitigation strategies and the operator training for MSGTR.

Boosting productivity with tech

Boosting productivity with tech

EFFECTS OF ADDITIONAL KINESIOLOGICAL OPERATORS ON THE SPEED PROPERTIES OF ATHLETES IN SPORTS OF MONOSTRUCURAL AND POLYSTRUCTURAL TYPE

The research was conducted on a sample of athletes aged 13-15 from BiH, namely 60 athletes and 60 karate players. The participants were divided into groups consisting of 30 athletes and karate athletes. Experimental groups of athletes, in addition to regular training operators, had additional operators, while the control group of athletes and the control group of karate players performed the training process by practicing regular kinesiological operators. A set of nine variables was used to evaluate the speed properties of the investigated sample of athletes. The assessment of segmental velocity was carried out with three common variables, speed in athletes with three variables characteristic of speed assessment for athletes and speed in karate players with three variables specific to the assessment of speed in karate players. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to determine the effects of the application of additional training operators on the rapid properties of athletes in sports of monostructural and polystructural type. The program of additional kinesiology operators was implemented within five training units during the weekly microcycle. The treated speed properties of athletes in a period of six months, which in addition to the basic program include the program of additional training operators, progressed significantly faster and better within the experimental treatment. Also, positive effects were achieved by applying the basic program in the control sample, but on a somewhat smaller scale. From a kinesiological- methodical point of view, the applied experimental treatment indicates the fact that it has largely contributed to positive effects in the experimental group of athletes in relation to the control group. It is also evident that in both groups of karate players there are positive changes in velocity properties. However, the experimental group sees a significantly better transformation of certain anthropological features compared to the control group. These facts suggest that the application of additional kinesiological operators in the experimental group produced greater effects on the development of rapid properties in the experimental karate team compared to the control group. Keywords: Effects, kinesiological operators, speed properties, athletes.