Operation Planning Research Articles

Application of the CMIP6 Approach for Determination of Climate Change Impact on Inflow to Malampuzha Reservoir, India

Optimal operation of a reservoir is important for the efficient planning and management of water resources. Inflow estimation into the reservoir is the basic information needed by a policy maker for the optimal planning of the reservoir operation. Climate change has become a major cause for the changes in the hydrological phenomena. An attempt was made to analyse the impact of climate change on Malampuzha reservoir inflow for the future using recent Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) scenarios. Two SSP scenarios, SSP 245 and SSP 585 were considered for the evaluation of changes in the meteorological variables for the future period. Rainfall-runoff modelling of the catchment area of the Malampuzha reservoir was done with IHACRES model for the period 2003-2022. The model performance was accepted in calibration (2003-2016) and validation (2017-2022) periods with R2 of 0.90 and 0.91 and RMSE 2.63 and 4.53 m3/s respectively. The outputs of SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios were given to the developed runoff model to estimate the future inflow volume into Malampuzha reservoir for the period of 2023 to 2042. From the results, the change in monthly temperature varies from -0.88oC to 3.3oC and change in monthly precipitation varies from -0.64% to 1.73% which indicates a decrease in the inflow of water into the reservoir for future period by 2.6% and 9.3% than the base period (2003– 2022) for SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios, respectively. The results of the study implies that better planning of the reservoir operation is needed for meeting the future demands.

전북 IB 프로그램 운영학교 지원 방안

The Jeonbuk Special Self-Governing Provincial Office of Education is promoting various projects based on the ‘IB Program Operation Plan’ and this year’s 10 tasks ‘Expansion of the IB Program’. In order to promote more sophisticated projects, a detailed analysis of the actual needs of schools is needed. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to derive support measures for schools operating the Jeonbuk IB program. Face-to-face interviews and written consultations were conducted with 26 people, including IB school coordinators and administrators, and analyzed using a consensual qualitative research method. The categories of consensus and cooperative culture, teacher expertise, leadership and support, educational environmental foundation, and support from students and parents were identified as factors promoting the operation of IB program schools, and the burden of teachers, lack of consensus, and IB were identified as hindering factors. Misunderstandings, material and financial constraints, and differences in curriculum were identified. Policy suggestions to encourage these promoting factors and overcome inhibiting factors were presented in terms of establishing objectives, establishing an environment, creating a culture, and supporting learning according to the IB PSP category. The results of this study will increase practical understanding of schools operating the IB program and will be used as basic data for support measures at the education office level.

사랑의 형법학과 통합적 형사사법 - 마약류 범죄에 관한 형법정책을 예로 하여

As This article proposes specific criminal justice policies for drug-related offenses by placing the criminal law of love as the theoretical basis for solving the crisis of our society in which the 'war on drugs' has been declared, and envisioning its practical consequences as an integrated criminal justice model. First, the core of the criminal law of love, which has been advocated as an alternative to adversarial criminal law theory, takes a step further from the ‘God-man metaphor’ and focuses on its purpose and meaning. The meaning of human dignity is understood as the dignity of a person as a person, not because they are made in the same image as God, but as a person who is made in the same image as God and loved enough to make autonomous decisions based on reason. Imagining a dignified human being as a being in its own right can emphasize the guiding function of criminal law beyond its regulatory function. Based on this reinterpreted criminal jurisprudence of love, this article emphasizes the need to build an integrated criminal justice system with ‘retributive, restorative, and therapeutic’ justice as its pillars, and proposes a strategy for criminal justice policy on drug offenses. First, it argues that drug offenses should be regulated by the Criminal Act, which fulfills the principle of protecting the interests of the law and maintaining the basic order as a fundamental norm of our living world. It explains that the relationship between the Criminal Act and the Narcotics Control Act is not that of a general law and a special law, so that both laws are applied in cases where the application of both laws overlap. Second, it suggests that the current inoperative “Crimes Concerning Opium” statute should be amended to “Crimes Concerning Narcotics” to reflect reality so that it can be applied. Third, it proposes that a protectionist provision be added to the Criminal Act to allow foreigners to be subject to Korean criminal law for drug supply offenses. On the other hand, the existence of special laws is necessary because the Criminal Act, whose main function is to suppress crime, cannot contain all treatment and prevention policies. Individual laws, including the Narcotics Control Act, are suitable for carrying out criminal law policies on drug crime prevention and treatment. To do this, this article envisions a desirable operation plan for the government's recently expanded “justice, treatment, and rehabilitation” model. Using the therapeutic justice strategy as a benchmark, the article emphasizes the role of criminal justice in helping drug-consuming offenders to overcome their addiction by requiring them to actively participate in treatment as early as possible, from the time investigative agencies become aware of a drug crime and before prosecution. The article also develops policy recommendations to emphasize community solidarity and to use professional community groups to operate a mandatory treatment system.

Bail Out Procedures in Acute Cholecystitis: Risk Factors and Optimal Approach.

For difficult cholecystectomies, bail out procedures (BOP) are performed to mitigate risk of patient harm. This study sought to identify risk factors for BOP for acute cholecystitis and to compare outcomes by type of BOP performed. Methods: Patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent cholecystectomy were included (2020-2022). Demographics, clinical data, and outcomes were collected. Primary outcome was <30-day complication rate. Groups were defined by surgery performed: BOP vs Laparoscopic Complete Cholecystectomy (LCC). BOPs were defined as any deviation from laparoscopic complete cholecystectomy. Univariate analyses compared outcomes between groups. Multivariable analysis identified independent factors associated with BOP. Subgroup analysis compared outcomes of laparoscopic BOP vs open BOP. Of 728 patients, 659 (91%) underwent LCC and 69 (9%) underwent BOP: 34 (49%) laparoscopic BOP and 35 (51%) open BOP. Independent predictors of BOP included admission total bilirubin >0.2mg/dL (OR 5.80, P = .017), >7days of symptoms at time of cholecystectomy (OR 1.96, P = .019), and arrival heart rate >100bpm (OR 1.82, P = .032). On subgroup analysis, laparoscopic vs open BOP demonstrated no difference in operative time (P = .536) and overall (P = .733) or gallbladder-related complications (P = .364), including bile leaks (P = .090). Laparoscopic BOP was associated with shorter postoperative lengths of stay (P = .005). The risk factors for BOP identified in this study may help inform patient consent and operative planning. Laparoscopic BOP incurred equivalent complications to open BOP but with shorter hospital stays, challenging conventional dogma that conversion to open is the optimal approach for complicated acute cholecystitis.

A Network Calculus Model for SFC Realization and Traffic Bounds Estimation in Data Centers

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a promising technology that can transform how internet service providers deliver their services. However, recent studies have identified several challenges in adopting NFV. Two key challenges are central to the operation and capacity planning of NFV Data Centers (DCs): (i) Service Function Chain (SFC) realization —determining if a new request with a known profile can be accommodated—and (ii) Network Function Virtualization (NFV) traffic bounds estimation —estimating the total traffic that a data center can handle considering all service requests and their performance constraints. To address these challenges, we propose a model that leverages stochastic network calculus to effectively dimension an NFV DC while ensuring delay and availability bounds for all service requests. Our theoretical model provides a mathematical framework to assess the realization of a single SFC request without delving into the specifics of the realization process. We utilize established availability-aware Virtual Network Function (VNF) placement patterns to obtain traffic bounds essential to planning data center capacity. We analyze NFV data center traffic under various scenarios over a Fat-tree DC topology. The results demonstrate that data center capacity is significantly influenced by the VNF placement strategy. Additionally, for data centers hosting latency-sensitive services, Service Level Objective (SLO) constraints on availability and delay are crucial in determining the number of such requests that can be accommodated.

Reducing Safety Risks in Construction Tower Crane Operations: A Dynamic Path Planning Model

Tower cranes are the most used equipment in construction projects, and the path planning of tower crane operations directly affects the safety performance of construction projects. Traditional tower crane operations rely on only the driving experience and manual path planning of crane operators. Poor judgement and bad path planning may increase safety risks and even cause severe construction safety accidents. To reduce safety risks in construction tower crane operations, this research proposes a dynamic path planning model for tower crane operations based on computer vision technology and dynamic path planning algorithms. The proposed model consists of three modules: first, a path information collection module preprocessing the video data to capture relevant operational path information; second, a path safety risk evaluation module employing You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) instance segmentation to identify potential risk factors along the operational path, e.g., potential drop zones and the positions of nearby workers; and finally, a path planning module utilizing an improved Dynamic Window Approach for tower cranes (TC-DWA) to avoid risky areas and optimize the operational path for enhanced safety. A prototype based on the theoretical model was constructed and tested on actual construction projects. Through experimental scenarios, it was found that each tower crane operation poses safety risks to 3–4 workers on average, and the proposed prototype can significantly reduce the safety risks of dropped loads from tower crane operations affecting ground workers and important equipment. A comparison between the proposed model and other regular algorithms was also conducted, and the results show that compared with traditional RRT and APF algorithms, the proposed model reduces the average maximum collision times by 50. This research provides a theoretical model and a preliminary prototype to provide dynamic path planning and reduce safety risks in tower crane operations. Future research will be conducted from the aspects of multiple device monitoring and system optimization to increase the analysis speed and accuracy, as well as on human–computer interactions between tower crane operators and the path planning guidance model.

The Development of Performing Folk Songs Model to Develop Holistic Health in Elderly

This research aims to study the problems and factors in organizing activities to promote holistic health in the elderly, Elderly Social Welfare Development Center, and to develop activities in the art of performing folk songs to promote holistic health in the elderly, Elderly Social Welfare Development Center. It is a study that aims to extract knowledge about the process of organizing activities for the elderly in order to develop a form of folk song performing arts activities to develop holistic health in the elderly as a research and development model Divided into 3 phases: Phase 1 synthesizes knowledge on organizing activities for the elderly, Phase 2 develops and evaluates traditional performing arts activities to develop holistic health in the elderly, and Phase 3 uses Folk performing arts activity format for holistic health development in the elderly. The research tool used was a structured interview form and satisfaction assessment form for organizing activities. All analysis results are presented as descriptive data and tables with explanations. The findings revealed Problems and factors in organizing activities to promote holistic health in the elderly at the Elderly Social Welfare Development Center. The researcher can summarize into two issues: 1) The current condition of organizing activities to promote the health of the elderly at the 12 Elderly Social Welfare Development Centers has three formats: ordinary elderly, particular types, and centers without elderly residents. In terms of operations for caring for and promoting the elderly, there will be an operation plan for the center that promotes the health of the elderly. There are four areas: physical, mental, and social interaction and intelligence. 2) Factors in organizing activities to promote holistic health in the elderly. The Center for the Development of Social Welfare for the Elderly found that opinions and needs for bringing in local wisdom heritage, in terms of performing arts, all four regions came to organize activities to promote the health of the elderly at all 12 Elderly Social Welfare Development Centers. There were two issues: 1) Perspectives and opinions. It was found that bringing both local performing arts and four regionally organized activities to promote the health of the elderly within the center. It is a good and exciting activity. Most elderly people enjoy fun activities, including singing and dancing. It is also a matter of Folk performing arts that can understand the emotions and feelings of the elderly very well. It also helps promote and stimulate the memory of the elderly. 2) The need to bring local wisdom and heritage. In terms of performing arts, all four regions came to organize activities to promote the health of the elderly at all 12 Elderly Social Welfare Development Centers. It was found that there was a need to organize activities to promote the health of the elderly using all Folk performing arts. The aim is to organize activities that can develop the physical, mental, social, and intellectual aspects. The results of the development of activities in the art of performing folk songs to promote holistic health in the elderly have two crucial points: 1) The uniqueness of the art of folk song performance that has an impact on society is that it reflects the culture of the community, build relationships among people in the community, have fun public relations media and self-development 2) The results of creating and developing an art activity format for performing folk songs to promote holistic health in the elderly. The researcher created and developed a folk song performance art activity model consisting of 6 elements: principles of the form, Objectives of the format, content, activities, promoting factors, and evaluation

BUSINESS TRAINING IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN UMKM IN SOUTH MERUYA VILLAGE, WEST JAKARTA

Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSME) are sustainable when each enterprise runs their business consistently by means of management system. The business shall continuously seek for a consistent process in developing products or services, low operating costs, on time product or service delivery, meeting its customer's expectations and avoiding environmental pollution. The MSME owners shall improve their knowledge on applicable models and management standards in order to have robust business structure and framework achieving business sustainability. Implementation of management system improve any business resilience responding to market dynamics due to the MSME process businesses are capable of following their customers' needs and expectations. This is possible from the PDCA cycles enabling MSME to have: planned operation (Plan) leading to quick and accurate application (Do) in which any non- conformances are monitored and immediately corrected or even prevented (Check and Act). This includes a capability to carry out operation changes pursuit for matching market dynamic and unavoidable competitions. In summary, the implementation of management system is beneficial to increase MSME's internal adaptability in providing consistent quality of product or service, lower operating costs, timely delivery as well as flexibility to match external turbulence. MSME sustainability in Indonesia, at the end, increasing national economic robustness.

HPB SO38 - Assessing current pancreatic cancer reporting practice against the PACT-UK Synoptic Reporting Template: An initial clinical audit

Abstract Background In the last decade, the incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased by 9% in the UK. The gold standard for initial assessment of pancreatic cancer (or even peri-ampullary cancer) resectability is pancreatic-protocol CT scan. The PACT-UK project introduced a synoptic template for pancreatic cancer to standardise CT reporting practice across UK and enable consistent reporting of pertinent aspects of resectability status such as vascular involvement of the tumour. The aim of this audit is to assess the quality of current CT reports received by a tertiary hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) unit against the standards set out by PACT-UK. Method A retrospective analysis of 66 patients who underwent pancreatic resection between September 2023 and May 2024 at a tertiary HPB centre was undertaken. Patients were excluded from the analysis if they underwent resection for benign pancreatic pathology, were diagnosed with pathology other than peri-ampullary cancer or did not have a formal report of their CT scan. Initial CT scans performed at presentation and if available, subsequent up-to-date staging scan prior to surgery were assessed against the PACT-UK reporting template, in accordance with their guidance. The audit was registered with our clinical audit team (no. 11643). Results In total, 42 patients with peri-ampullary cancers were included in this audit. All patients had a reported CT scan on presentation. Additionally, 24 patients had a reported staging CT scan. The compliance (i.e. more than 90% information available) with PACT-UK reporting standards was 0% for initial presentation scans and 4.2% (n=1) for staging scans. The only staging scan with &amp;gt;90% compliance was reported using the PACT-UK template. Majority (more than 80%) of CT scan reports lacked information on aspects such as pancreatic duct size, predicted tumour type and radiological stage, variant vascular anomalies, and arterial/venous involvement. Conclusion This audit highlights the substandard quality of current CT reporting for peri-ampullary cancer. There is an urgent need to adopt a structured and dedicated reporting template to address the issue. Utilising a template such as the one developed by PACT-UK will help ensure that relevant information is formally reported to facilitate optimal decision-making at MDT meetings, and assist surgeons in operative planning and oncologists in assessing treatment response.

Design and verification of monitoring system of DC microgrid based on Ethernet communication

AbstractReal‐time acquisition of microgrid (MG) operation data and remote control play a crucial role in the safe and stable operation of MG. A design scheme of monitoring system is proposed for the wind/photovoltaic/energy storage islanded direct current MG. The core controllers used in direct current MG system are programmable logic controller and digital signal processor. The monitoring system mainly adopts Ethernet communication, together with serial port communication mode Recommend Standard 232 (RS232) and Recommended Standard 485 (RS485) communication modes. A heterogeneous networking is built with controllers and data display instruments. Different monitoring interfaces are designed, the important information can be real‐time detected, collected and displayed. The multi‐energy and multi‐load dispatching operation control are realized according to scheduling operation plan. The parameters of the inverter can be adjusted, and the output voltage waveform and sinusoidal pulse width modulation waveform of the inverter can be measured. The communication of the proposed monitoring system is reliable, flexible and expandable, and easy to realize remote operation control. Moreover, the detection and control functions can be extended further. Through experiments, the effective control and monitoring of the designed monitoring system is verified, and the intelligent management is realized.

Research on Closed-Loop Control of Screen-Based Guidance Operations in High-Speed Railway Passenger Stations Based on Visual Detection Model

Due to adjustments to the operation plan of guided trains at high-speed railway stations, a large amount of information is inevitably displayed, sometimes with delays, omissions, and misalignments. The effective management of guidance information can provide important support for the personnel flow operation of high-speed railway stations. Aiming to meet the requirements of high real-time and high accuracy of guided job control, a closed-loop control method based on a guided job is proposed, which provides enhanced text detection and recognition in a target area. Firstly, using the introduction of the triplet attention mechanism in YOLOv5 and the addition of fusion modules, the feature pyramid network is used to enhance the effective feature and feature interactions between the modules to improve the detection speed of the display. Then, the text on the guide screen is recognized and extracted in combination with the PaddleOCR model, and then, the results are proofread against the original plan to adjust the screen information. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the method are verified by experimental data, with the accuracy of the improved model reaching 90.6% and the speed reaching 1 ms, which meets the requirement of real-time closed-loop control of Screen-Based Guidance Operations.

Robust load feature extraction based secondary VMD novel short-term load demand forecasting framework

Load forecasting, as a crucial component of the electricity market, plays a significant role in ensuring the secure operation and rational planning of the power grid. However, as the power system becomes increasingly intricate, the demands on load forecasting techniques have escalated. Consequently, to mitigate the errors in short-term load forecasting (STLF) caused by uncertainty factors and to accommodate daily forecasting under abnormal electricity load conditions, this paper proposes a hybrid load forecasting model that combines an improved Secondary Variational Mode Decomposition (SVMD) algorithm with the Informer model. Employing electricity load data from the Panama context, the data is divided into four distinct experimental cases. The outcomes manifest that in contrast to the baseline model, the proposed approach engenders a minimal reduction of 15.08%, 12.95%, and 13.21% in Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), respectively. Furthermore, supplementary experimental results demonstrate that the model exhibits strong robustness.

Surgical Outcomes for Vertebral Body Hemangiomas With Compressive Symptoms: An Institutional Experience.

Background Vertebral hemangiomas (VHs) are benign vascular tumors commonly found within the vertebral bodies of the spine. While most VHs remain asymptomatic and are often discovered incidentally during imaging studies, a subset can become symptomatic, leading to clinical challenges. The optimal treatment approach for symptomatic VHs remains a topic of debate. At our institution, we have managed aggressive VHs through a combination of surgical decompression and intraoperative alcohol ablation. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined treatment approach involving intralesional ethanol injection, surgical decompression, and stabilization using titanium polyaxial screws and rods in managing symptomatic VHs with compressive symptoms. Methodology A prospective longitudinal study was conducted at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, in patients with symptomatic VHs associated with compressive myelopathy. The operative plan involved bilateral transpedicular intralesional injection of absolute alcohol (<1% hydrated ethyl alcohol), followed by laminectomy decompression and stabilization of the affected segment using polyaxial titanium pedicle screws and rods. Results A total of 19 patients were included in the study, consisting of 10 females and nine males, all presenting with back pain, myelopathy, and sphincter dysfunction. Preoperative American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores were as follows: A (9), B (5), C (3), D (2), and E (0). The average duration of the surgery was 120 minutes, with a standard deviation of 30 minutes. The average blood loss recorded was 250 cc, with a variability of 50 cc, and the typical volume of absolute alcohol utilized was 6 ml, with a standard deviation of 5 ml. Postoperatively, all patients showed improvement, with follow-up ASIA scores of E (9), D (5), B (3), and C (2). Conclusions The use of intraoperative ethanol as an embolizing agent, laminectomy decompression, and stabilization using screws and rods for symptomatic VHs seems to be ideal treatment modality in resource-poor countries like India.

Cerebrospinal fluid drain placement and comprehensive strategies for spinal cord protection in open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Ischaemic spinal cord injury remains a significant challenge in thoracoabdominal aortic repairs. Modern techniques have reduced spinal cord injury rates yet managing patients during and after thoracoabdominal aortic repairs remains complex. This article outlines our comprehensive approach to the prevention of spinal cord injuries in open thoracoabdominal aortic repair operations, focusing on the placement of cerebrospinal fluid drain and intraoperative strategies to enhance spinal cord protection. Preoperative planning involves thorough patient assessment, prehabilitation and nutritional support, detailed imaging review, thorough operative planning and patient blood management. Intraoperative measures include the use of neuromonitoring techniques like near-infrared spectroscopy and motor evoked potentials, as well as cerebrospinal fluid drainage together with blood pressure management to optimize spinal cord perfusion. Postoperative management focuses on maintaining haemodynamic stability with high mean arterial pressure, along with close monitoring and management of the cerebrospinal fluid drain to improve spinal cord perfusion. Additionally, thromboelastography-guided strategies are crucial for optimizing coagulation and addressing postoperative bleeding complications. The goal of this multifaceted approach is to minimize the risk of spinal cord injury, thereby improving patient outcomes and reducing the incidence of postoperative paraplegia. Our video tutorial shows some of our preoperative and intraoperative techniques for spinal cord protection in thoracoabdominal aortic repairs.

Rock cutting image recognition based on color and texture feature fusion

Abstract In the realm of oil exploration, there is an increasing demand for precise lithological analysis, particularly in the rapid and accurate identification of fine rock cutting images. Therefore, a novel rock cutting image recognition method based on the fusion of color and texture features is proposed. This method utilizes the color histogram and grayscale co-occurrence matrix techniques to extract color and texture features from target images, respectively. Compared with the traditional single-feature recognition methods, this integrated feature method can greatly improve the accuracy of fragment recognition and ensure more accurate fragment classification by designing the feature fusion structure of the fragment image feature set. The model is established by using the support vector machine (SVM) classifier to realize the automatic classification and recognition of cuttings images. This not only reduces the time and labor intensity of manual operation, but also improves the efficiency and speed of cuttings analysis, which meets the needs of modern efficient drilling operations. More detailed and accurate stratigraphic data can be provided by high precision rock chip identification and lithology analysis. These data have important reference value for geologists to analyze stratigraphic structure and distribution, determine the location and distribution of underground oil and gas layers, and optimize drilling decisions and operation plans. Experimental results show that the method achieves an overall recognition accuracy of more than 90% in the task of detecting 126 rock chip images for conglomerate, 153 for mudstone, and 150 for sandstone, and up to 94% for mudstone and sandstone. It is proved that the recognition method proposed in this paper can better classify sandstone, mudstone and conglomerate in rock chips with high recognition accuracy.

A clustering method for charging behaviors of electric vehicle users based on an improved k-means algorithm

Abstract The uncertainty of Electric vehicle users’ (EVUs) charging behaviors affect the power grid safety. Therefore, mining the charging behavior characteristics of EVUs can help the power grid to make optimal operation plans previously to smooth the load curve and improve stability. In this regard, a clustering strategy for EVUs is proposed, using an improved K-means algorithm based on the minimum variance theory(MVT). Additionally, the Monte Carlo algorithm is utilized to obtain the simulation results of EVUs. Finally, a numerical simulation based on actual data in China is established to validate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed cluster algorithm. The results indicate that the proposed cluster algorithm can accurately extract the characteristics of EVUs’ off-on grid behaviors and obtain the accurate daily charging demand representing the main charging rules among EVUs. The proposed algorithm results in a reduction of 69.2% of solution time compared to the traditional K-means algorithm.

외식라이브커머스 선택속성과 지각된 유용성, 지속 이용의도와의 영향 관계에서 지각된 용이성의 조절효과

Objective : This study proved that live commerce in the food service industry produces results through selection. Methods : This study conducted a survey using an online questionnaire from July 1 to July 30, 2024, with a total sample of 274. Then, this study conducted an empirical analysis using the SPSS statistical program. Results : The analysis results are as follows:First, the food service industry live commerce selection attributes were found to have a significant impact on perceived usefulness. Second, perceived usefulness significantly affected intention for continuous use. Third, perceived ease of use had a moderating effect in the relationship between perceived usefulness and intention for continuous use. Implications : Based on these results, this study proposed a differentiated system operation plan to secure an advantage in competition with offline and other online media.

A Study of the Rainwater Pumping Station Operation Plan to Reduce River Water Level

Urban flood damage is caused by various and complex effects such as inland flood and external water flooding, so research on this is necessary. This study presented a rainwater pumping station operation technique that can suppress the rise in water levels in discharge rivers based on rainfall and pump operation scenarios in order to reduce inland water flooding and simultaneously consider external water levels. The research method used genetic algorithm (GA) optimization techniques to calculate the optimal operating level for each pump, and based on this, an operating scenario was created to minimize pump operation. In addition, after constructing a rainfall scenario based on the probability rainfall in Seoul, an optimal pump operation technique that can reduce the external water level while minimizing the inundation of domestic water was proposed. The results of the study showed that as the rainfall intensity increases, the flooding increases and the peak depth of the runoff increases. In addition, as the pumping scenario changes from 1 to 11, the number of pumping operations decreases, which reduces the drainage volume of the pumps, which increases the flooding.

Planning national potential: Israel defense forces and the question of the Arab minority during wartime

ABSTRACT Since modern warfare is not only tanks, planes and soldiers, but also a total war between nations, their current and potential economies, their material forces and mental capacities, planning a war comes down to the creation and organization of the country’s overall combatant potential for military use. After the end of the War of Independence and the establishment of the State of Israel, approximately 160,000 Arabs remained in its territory. This minority was perceived as a fifth column at that time that could endanger the security of the State. To devise proactive countermeasures, the IDF Planning Department began discussing what steps should be taken regarding the Arab minority in the case of future war to neutralize this potential threat. The basic principles, which were later formulated into strategic and operative plans of action, were also influenced by the understanding that Israel is a democratic State, and that there are constraints and political considerations bounding these steps. The Planning Department also considered that in some ways this minority could be used to strengthen the national potential.

Modeling and Evaluation of Penetration Process Based on 3D Mechanical Simulation.

In biological micromanipulation, cell penetration is a typical procedure that precedes cell injection or oocyte enucleation. During this procedure, cells usually undergo significant deformation, which leads to cell damage. In this paper, we focus on modeling and evaluating the cell penetration process to reduce cell deformation and stress, thereby reducing cell damage. Initially, a finite element model (FEM) is established to simulate the cell penetration process. The effectiveness of the model is then verified through visual detection and comparison of cell deformation with experimental data. Next, various mechanical responses are analyzed, considering the influence of parameters, such as the radius and shape of the injection micropipettes, material properties, and size of the cells. Finally, the relationship between the intracellular stress and the cell penetration depth of biological cells is obtained. The evaluation results will be applied to develop optimized operation plans, enhancing the efficiency and safety of the cell penetration process.