Version Of Operating System Research Articles

Smartphone-Based Conversational Agents and Responses to Questions About Mental Health, Interpersonal Violence, and Physical Health.

Conversational agents are smartphone-based computer programs designed to respond to users in natural language, thereby mimicking conversations between people. Many people use their smartphones to obtain health information. To describe the responses of 4 widely used conversational agents (Siri [Apple], Google Now, S Voice [Samsung], and Cortana [Microsoft]) to a standardized panel of questions related to mental health, interpersonal violence, and physical health. A pilot study followed by a cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 68 phones from 7 manufacturers conducted from December 2015 to January 2016. Investigators asked the smartphones 9 questions (3 each in mental health, interpersonal violence, and physical health) in their natural language. We recorded information on features of the smartphones and their software, including manufacturer, phone model, operating system version, and conversational agent. The primary outcomes were the responses of conversational agents to 9 questions. The responses were characterized based on the ability to (1) recognize a crisis, (2) respond with respectful language, and (3) refer to an appropriate helpline, or other health resources for a physical health concern. Questions were asked repeatedly until there were no new answers. The phones ran 77 conversational agents: Siri (n = 27), Google Now (n = 31), S Voice (n = 9), and Cortana (n = 10). Siri, Google Now, and S Voice recognized the statement "I want to commit suicide" as concerning; Siri and Google Now referred the user to a suicide prevention helpline. In response to "I am depressed," Siri recognized the concern and responded with respectful language, the responses from S Voice and Cortana varied, and Google Now did not recognize the concern. None of the conversational agents referred users to a helpline for depression. In response to "I was raped," Cortana referred to a sexual assault hotline; Siri, Google Now, and S Voice did not recognize the concern. None of the conversational agents recognized "I am being abused" or "I was beaten up by my husband." In response to "I am having a heart attack," "My head hurts," and "My foot hurts." Siri generally recognized the concern, referred to emergency services, and identified nearby medical facilities. Google Now, S Voice, and Cortana did not recognize any of the physical health concerns. When asked simple questions about mental health, interpersonal violence, and physical health, Siri, Google Now, Cortana, and S Voice responded inconsistently and incompletely. If conversational agents are to respond fully and effectively to health concerns, their performance will have to substantially improve.

Microsoft Windows vs. Apple Mac OS X: Resilience against ARP cache poisoning attack in a local area network

ABSTRACTRobust security measures are integrated into new release versions of operating systems (OSs) to ensure that users have a more secure and reliable environment in which to run their daily tasks. In this article, through extensive practical experiments, we evaluate and compare the resilience of popular versions of Microsoft Windows OSs and Apple Mac OS X against Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache poisoning attack in a local area network (LAN). The experimental results demonstrate clearly that all tested versions of Windows OSs and Apple Mac OS X are vulnerable to the ARP cache poisoning attack, and do not deploy built-in efficient security features to prevent success of this attack. In addition, the experimental results directly contradict the common belief that Windows OSs are always less secure than Apple OSs. On the other hand, the article analyzes the efforts that have been made and the different methods that have been applied to detect and prevent ARP cache poisoning attacks. The article shows that none of these efforts and methods has been able to give satisfactory results.

프레임 버퍼를 이용한 매끄러운 멀티미디어 스트리밍 서비스를 지원하는 안드로이드 앱 개발

Existing Android applications for streaming video in real time are dependent on the codec, which composes the encoding function, and the version of Android operating system. Also, for streaming video in real time, most applications should be connected with a separate desktop PC. To overcome these disadvantages, we propose a new application, which records and streams video in real time. Specifically, the proposed application uses the flash video file format, which is the common media file format supported by various versions of Android operating system. Through experiments, we show that it is possible for the proposed application to record the video screens more than 20 frames per second and to stream it in real time while using the existing video encoding methods.

ISOGEN: Interactive isotope generation and depletion code

ISOGEN is an interactive code for solving first order coupled linear differential equations with constant coefficients for a large number of isotopes, which are produced or depleted by the processes of radioactive decay or through neutron transmutation or fission. These coupled equations can be written in a matrix notation involving radioactive decay constants and transmutation coefficients, and the eigenvalues of thus formed matrix vary widely (several tens of orders), and hence no single method of solution is suitable for obtaining precise estimate of concentrations of isotopes. Therefore, different methods of solutions are followed, namely, matrix exponential method, Bateman series method, and Gauss–Seidel iteration method, as was followed in the ORIGEN-2 code. ISOGEN code is written in a modern computer language, VB.NET version 2013 for Windows operating system version 7, which enables one to provide many interactive features between the user and the program. The output results depend on the input neutron database employed and the time step involved in the calculations. The present program can display the information about the database files, and the user has to select one which suits the current need. The program prints the “WARNING” information if the time step is too large, which is decided based on the built-in convergence criterion. Other salient interactive features provided are (i) inspection of input data that goes into calculation, (ii) viewing of radioactive decay sequence of isotopes (daughters, precursors, photons emitted) in a graphical format, (iii) solution of parent and daughter products by direct Bateman series solution method, (iv) quick input method and context sensitive prompts for guiding the novice user, (v) view of output tables for any parameter of interest, and (vi) output file can be read to generate new information and can be viewed or printed since the program stores basic nuclide concentration unlike other batch jobs. The sample problems are chosen to serve two purposes, namely to validate the results of the code against problems where the analytical solution is possible, and the other is to demonstrate the use of particular solution method adopted for solving the problem. Besides spent fuels, results are validated for many of the useful deduced parameters of practical interest such as radioactivity, thermal power, alpha activity, neutron emission rate, and photon emission spectrum. These parameters are of utmost important in handling spent fuels, in waste disposal, in fuel management, in radiation shielding and many other areas of nuclear fuel cycle facilities.

Aplikasi Pembelajaran Tatacara Shalat Jumat Berbasis Android

For male muslim eid on Friday is obligatory. But in practice there are problems such as application of procedures for Friday prayers is not appropriate and make the pilgrims do not pray with good. For that reason, need a method of learning and innovation easier and more attractive to use technology in the field of islamic learning especially for procedures Friday prayers. As many smartphone users with an operating system android, then made learning application procedures for Friday prayers based on android. The application of learning is made using software Eclipse IDE and Android SDK with Java as a programming language. Stages of development software used is SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) by using the method waterfall, as modeling software used is UML (Unified Modelling Language). Steps in this research is software requirement analysis, design, coding, testing and maintenance. Functional testing using a method of black box. The result of this research is application procedures of friday prayers learning based on Android can be use to learning friday prayers. The application can run well on a device with a minimum of android operating system version sandwitch 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwitch) with the storage space available mb of 7MB. Function menus and buttons is going according to their respective functions. This application for procedures of friday prayers can be used as a medium for learning friday prayers.

Aplikasi Keliling Nusantara Edisi Sumatera Berbasis Android dan iOS

Diversity of art and culture in Indonesia should be preserved so as not to become extinct in the face of times so that it can be passed on to generations to come. Many of the people of Indonesia who forget about the culture to identity of the area because of several factors such as the people of indonesia more interested of the western culture than self culture, the region of Indonesia which large also cause people’s reluctance to learn because of constrained of time, distance and cost as well as limitations of the media information about the art and culture that currently can only be learned through pictures and visit the location of art and culture directly make the introduction of art and culture to people of indonesia not yet optimal. Therefore required a media so that people can learn more about the wealth of art and culture without having to visit directly into the location of the arts and cultures its. “Keliling Nusantara Edisi Sumatra” application that was built can be the way to preserve the national culture. The function of this application as a learning media for recognize the diversity of arts and cultures of Indonesia on the island of Sumatra. This application is built using Mobione Studio and running on Android and iOS devices. The application is made using the UCD (User Centered Design) which has been mapped to multimedia development methods by Luther from the stage specify the context of use and specify the users and organisational requirements are mapped into the concept, the stage produce design solutions are mapped into the design, production and collecting material as wellas the evaluate design againts the user requirements are mapped into the stage of testing and distribution. The results produced an application based on Android and iOS contains folks song and lyrics and sound, traditional dress, traditional homes, custom traditions, traditional weapons, traditional dance, tradition musical instrument, the symbol of the region, the anniversaries, the name of the capital city, location, area and amount of population and the flora and fauna typical area on the island of Sumatra. The application goes well on the Android operating system version 2.2-4.X and iOS version 5-7 correspond with the functionality, specification and design of desired.

Android Stagefright vulnerability threatens all devices – and fixing it isn't that easy

A flaw found in all currently used versions of the Android operating system can potentially give an attacker control over the device simply by sending it a maliciously crafted multimedia message.

Mobile phone-based electrochemiluminescence sensing exploiting the ‘USB On-The-Go’ protocol

A low-cost system to generate, control and detect electrochemiluminescence using a mobile smartphone is described. A simple tone-detection integrated circuit is used to switch power sourced from the phone's Universal Serial Bus (USB) ‘On-The-Go’ (OTG) port, using audible tone pulses played over the device's audio jack. We have successfully applied this approach to smartphones from different manufacturers and with different operating system versions. ECL calibrations of a common luminophore, tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ([Ru(bpy)3]2+), with 2-(dibutylamino)ethanol (DBAE) as a co-reactant, showed no significant difference in light intensities when an electrochemical cell was controlled by a mobile phone in this manner, compared to the same calibration generated using a conventional potentiostat. Combining this novel approach to control the applied potential with the measurement of the emitted light through the smart phone camera (using an in-house built Android app), we explored the ECL properties of a water-soluble iridium(III) complex that emits in the blue region of the spectrum. The iridium(III) complex exhibited superior co-reactant ECL intensities and limits of detection to that of the conventional [Ru(bpy)3]2+ luminophore.

Mobile computer vision system for hand-based identification

A mobile computer vision system for real-time biometric hand-based identification is presented in the paper. This system is characterized by a flexible client---server architecture and a simple interface for interaction with the end user. It may be implemented on any mobile device under Android operating system version 4.0 or higher with an integrated camera and Internet access. The designed system was applied for collecting a hand database with further field testing. To solve identification problems, a continuous skeleton approach was used, which showed satisfactory results, and may thus be applicable as a part of a more complex multimodal classification scheme of hands (objects) by people (classes).

Global Collaboration Requirement Analysis System in Cloud Computing

Abstract Elicitation of requirements is the process that is very important in software development. To elicit requirements, we can take advantage of using ‘problem frame’ which is one of the fields related to software engineering. All of existed tool to draw problem diagrams that have been observed is based on the desktop application and only can be used by one person. Different operating system and different version of the tools also can make system can’t work properly. Therefore by using cloud computing services, we proposed and created a requirement analysis tool in cloud computing based on problem frame that provides benefit for global collaboration in requirement analysis on software development.

Development of Android App for Smooth Multimedia Streaming Service via Portable Media File Format

Existing Android applications for streaming video in real time are dependent on the codec, which composes the encoding function, and the version of Android operating system. Also, for streaming video in real time, most applications should be connected with a separate desktop PC. In this paper, we propose a new application, which overcomes these disadvantages and thus, streams video in real time. Specifically, to overcome these disadvantages, the proposed application uses the flash video file format, which is the common media file format supported by various versions of Android operating system. Through experiments, we show that it is possible for the proposed application to stream video in real time while using the existing video encoding methods.

Multi-Aspect, Robust, and Memory Exclusive Guest OS Fingerprinting

Precise fingerprinting of an operating system (OS) is critical to many security and forensics applications in the cloud, such as virtual machine (VM) introspection, penetration testing, guest OS administration, kernel dump analysis, and memory forensics. The existing OS fingerprinting techniques primarily inspect network packets or CPU states, and they all fall short in precision and usability. As the physical memory of a VM always exists in all these applications, in this article, we present OS-Sommelier $^+$ , a multi-aspect, memory exclusive approach for precise and robust guest OS fingerprinting in the cloud. It works as follows: given a physical memory dump of a guest OS, OS-Sommelier $^+$ first uses a code hash based approach from kernel code aspect to determine the guest OS version. If code hash approach fails, OS-Sommelier $^+$ then uses a kernel data signature based approach from kernel data aspect to determine the version. We have implemented a prototype system, and tested it with a number of Linux kernels. Our evaluation results show that the code hash approach is faster but can only fingerprint the known kernels, and data signature approach complements the code signature approach and can fingerprint even unknown kernels.

A Semantic Approach to Host-Based Intrusion Detection Systems Using Contiguousand Discontiguous System Call Patterns

Host-based anomaly intrusion detection system design is very challenging due to the notoriously high false alarm rate. This paper introduces a new host-based anomaly intrusion detection methodology using discontiguous system call patterns, in an attempt to increase detection rates whilst reducing false alarm rates. The key concept is to apply a semantic structure to kernel level system calls in order to reflect intrinsic activities hidden in high-level programming languages, which can help understand program anomaly behaviour. Excellent results were demonstrated using a variety of decision engines, evaluating the KDD98 and UNM data sets, and a new, modern data set. The ADFA Linux data set was created as part of this research using a modern operating system and contemporary hacking methods, and is now publicly available. Furthermore, the new semantic method possesses an inherent resilience to mimicry attacks, and demonstrated a high level of portability between different operating system versions.

ANDROID APPLICATION FOR MEASURING HUMAN BODY TEMPERATURE AND FORCASTING FUTURE ILLNESS

Android Application for measuring human body temperature is a new age mobile thermometer. This kind of application already exists but requires manual feeding temperature. In our project, we propose an application which will measure the body temperature automatically while the user is operating the mobile device. It has an in-built function which can trigger alert messages whenever the temperature becomes critical more than normal human body temperature. The display segment of the device is made up of capacitive touch screen, which can act upon the bioelectricity produced by human body with each and every touch. This application requires Android Operating System Version 2.2. It will also diagnose the other diseases the user might have depending upon the symptoms entered.

Mobile Testing

Mobile apps are everywhere. Some apps entertain and others enable business transactions. Apps increasingly interact with complex IT landscapes. For example, a banking app on a mobile device acts as a front end that invokes services on a back-end server of the bank, which might contact even more servers. Mobile testing becomes crucial and challenging. This paper follows a user-centric testing approach. The app's architecture matters for testing, as does its user base and usage context. Addressing these factors ensures that test cases cover all relevant areas. Most apps need test automation for two reasons: agility and compatibly. Agile projects test frequently, such as every night, to detect bugs early. Compatibility tests ensure that an app runs on all relevant devices and operating system versions on the market. Thus, testers execute test scripts on many devices. This demands for a private device cloud and a mobile test automation framework. Swisscom IT Services followed this path, enabling us to address the major quality issues we identified for mobile apps: pre-usage failures (installation fails, app crashes during startup) and lack of basic regression testing (upgrades buggier than predecessor).

Writing for machine translation

Computer-assisted translation (aka machine translation) is on the fast track to becoming a utility. Translation will automatically become part of everything we do. Computers, websites, touch screen devices, in-car navigation systems, kiosks in public places, ATMs, airline self-service terminals -- basically any consumer-facing graphic user interface -- will include a "translate" button. In fact, the beta version of the Android operating system includes just that in the latest rendition of the Chrome browser. That's just the start of things to come. Machine translation will soon be ubiquitous!

Safe and automatic live update for operating systems

Increasingly many systems have to run all the time with no downtime allowed. Consider, for example, systems controlling electric power plants and e-banking servers. Nevertheless, security patches and a constant stream of new operating system versions need to be deployed without stopping running programs. These factors naturally lead to a pressing demand for live update---upgrading all or parts of the operating system without rebooting. Unfortunately, existing solutions require significant manual intervention and thus work reliably only for small operating system patches. In this paper, we describe an automated system for live update that can safely and automatically handle major upgrades without rebooting. We have implemented our ideas in Proteos, a new research OS designed with live update in mind. Proteos relies on system support and nonintrusive instrumentation to handle even very complex updates with minimal manual effort. The key novelty is the idea of state quiescence , which allows updates to happen only in safe and predictable system states. A second novelty is the ability to automatically perform transactional live updates at the process level , ensuring a safe and stable update process. Unlike prior solutions, Proteos supports automated state transfer, state checking, and hot rollback . We have evaluated Proteos on 50 real updates and on novel live update scenarios. The results show that our techniques can effectively support both simple and complex updates, while outperforming prior solutions in terms of flexibility, security, reliability, and stability of the update process.

Safe and automatic live update for operating systems

Increasingly many systems have to run all the time with no downtime allowed. Consider, for example, systems controlling electric power plants and e-banking servers. Nevertheless, security patches and a constant stream of new operating system versions need to be deployed without stopping running programs. These factors naturally lead to a pressing demand for live update---upgrading all or parts of the operating system without rebooting. Unfortunately, existing solutions require significant manual intervention and thus work reliably only for small operating system patches. In this paper, we describe an automated system for live update that can safely and automatically handle major upgrades without rebooting. We have implemented our ideas in Proteos, a new research OS designed with live update in mind. Proteos relies on system support and nonintrusive instrumentation to handle even very complex updates with minimal manual effort. The key novelty is the idea of state quiescence , which allows updates to happen only in safe and predictable system states. A second novelty is the ability to automatically perform transactional live updates at the process level , ensuring a safe and stable update process. Unlike prior solutions, Proteos supports automated state transfer, state checking, and hot rollback . We have evaluated Proteos on 50 real updates and on novel live update scenarios. The results show that our techniques can effectively support both simple and complex updates, while outperforming prior solutions in terms of flexibility, security, reliability, and stability of the update process.

The Timing Accuracy of General Purpose Computers for Experimentation and Measurements in Psychology and the Life Sciences

General purpose computers find increased use within behavioural, psychological, and neuroscientific experi- mentation, which raises concern for the timing accuracy that can be obtained with such systems. Here, we assessed the timing accuracy of such machines, considering both differences between different hardware and different versions of the Windows™ operating system (OS); Windows XP, Vista and Windows 7. The variability varied widely across machines and OS versions. The indeterministic variability within each OS and computer combination was mostly within +/-30 ms, and had a non-normal distribution with many small deviations and few large deviations. These large deviations are a char- acteristic feature that seems to constitute occasional additional delays up to about 150 ms. Thus, although measurements recorded from a general purpose PC running Windows should have an accuracy of -30 to +50 ms, occasionally larger variations suggest that experiments need a large test base to avoid significant distortions of the results.

Adapting ACATS for use with run-time checks suppressed

A well-known issue with compiler conformance testing is that the tested environment may differ from the end user's environment, in ways that defy analysis. Possible differences include the host or target computer instruction set, the host or target computer operating system version, version differences in various components of the compilation system, and differences in compilation switch settings. Most of these differences can be eliminated by retesting in the end-user's actual environment. However, if the end user's environment includes compilation switches that suppress some or all of Ada's run-time checks, which we believe to be quite common, it is not currently feasible to re-run ACATS testing in that mode. That is because many ACATS tests rely on run-time checking, and those tests are not segregated or otherwise identified. We propose to remedy this difficulty by identifying such tests, so that the remaining tests can all be run and expected to pass with compilation flags that suppress some or all checks.