Version Of Operating System Research Articles

When Your Infrastructure Is a Buggy Program: Understanding Faults in Infrastructure as Code Ecosystems

Modern applications have become increasingly complex and their manual installation and configuration is no longer practical. Instead, IT organizations heavily rely on Infrastructure as Code (IaC) technologies, to automate the provisioning, configuration, and maintenance of computing infrastructures and systems. IaC systems typically offer declarative, domain-specific languages (DSLs) that allow system administrators and developers to write high-level programs that specify the desired state of their infrastructure in a reliable, predictable, and documented fashion. Just like traditional programs, IaC software is not immune to faults, with issues ranging from deployment failures to critical misconfigurations that often impact production systems used by millions of end users. Surprisingly, despite its crucial role in global infrastructure management, the tooling and techniques for ensuring IaC reliability still have room for improvement. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of 360 bugs identified in IaC software within prominent IaC ecosystems including Ansible, Puppet, and Chef. Our work is the first in-depth exploration of bug characteristics in these widely-used IaC environments. Through our analysis we aim to understand: (1) how these bugs manifest, (2) their underlying root causes, (3) their reproduction requirements in terms of system state (e.g., operating system versions) or input characteristics, and (4) how these bugs are fixed. Based on our findings, we evaluate the state-of-the-art techniques for IaC reliability, identify their limitations, and provide a set of recommendations for future research. We believe that our study helps researchers to (1) better understand the complexity and peculiarities of IaC software, and (2) develop advanced tooling for more reliable and robust system configurations.

Implementing Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) Pipelines for Large-Scale iOS Applications

Continuous integration and continuous deployment pipelines have become essential components of modern software development, particularly in creating large-scale iOS apps. The automation of procedures for creating, testing, and deploying is facilitated by them, which results in an increase in both the speed and reliability of the release process. The complexity and scope of the codebase, the need for rigorous testing across a broad range of devices and operating system versions, and the regular necessity of updates to address bugs or bring new features all contribute to the conclusion that continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines are an integral component of major iOS projects. The integration of continuous integration with continuous delivery provides developers with the assurance that code changes are automatically tested and delivered, hence lowering the need for human intervention, and reducing the chance of mistakes. In addition, this arrangement makes it possible to do parallel testing, which is useful when working with many test cases and device configurations. It is also possible to design continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines to do tests for code quality, security scans, or other automated checks, which will ensure that the codebase is not compromised.By increasing communication among development teams, continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines in big iOS projects provide yet another key advantage. It guarantees that every member of the team always has access to the most recent version of the code, which is essential in situations when many teams are working on various aspects or components of the application. In addition, continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines enhance software quality by accelerating feedback loops, which enables engineers to resolve problems more expediently. Nevertheless, the establishment of continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines for large-scale iOS apps involves several issues, such as the management of build times, the certification of compatibility with various devices, and the upkeep of the infrastructure. It is necessary to carefully design and optimize the CI/CD procedures to overcome these problems. This may be accomplished by choosing the appropriate tools and configurations adapted to the project's requirements.

КЪМ ВЪПРОСА ЗА ПУБЛИЧНО ДОСТЪПНИ НАЦИОНАЛНИ БАЗИ ОТ ДАННИ, СЪДЪРЖАЩИ ОПИСАНИЯ НА УЯЗВИМОСТИ ЗА ОПЕРАЦИОННИ СИСТЕМИ ЗА МОБИЛНИ УСТРОЙСТВА

The paper aims to examine publicly available vulnerability databases and their systems for assessing the severity of damage that can be caused by malware targeting mobile devices running Android or iOS. The second goal of the study is to evaluate the vulnerability detection capabilities associated with a specific version of a mobile operating system. Methods used: comparative analysis and summary. Based on the results of the application of the comparative analysis, it is established which of the national databases have better capabilities to filter the data and obtain adequate results when searching for vulnerabilities for mobile devices.

The version effect of apps and operating systems in mobile commerce

Different versions of mobile operating systems or shopping apps enable different functionalities and information flows, thus creating various mobile shopping environments. In general, up‐to‐date versions provide better information flows and richer functionalities. However, mobile operating systems and shopping apps affect consumer behavior through different mechanisms. An up‐to‐date mobile operating system reduces the system response time, while an up‐to‐date shopping app improves algorithms for better search accuracy. The former encourages consumer explore and search, whereas the latter improves consumer search efficiency and reduces chances for consumers to discover more products. Using a unique large‐scale clickstream data set from a mobile commerce retailer, we examine the effect of mobile operating system and app versions on consumer search and impulse purchase behaviors in mobile commerce. Our results show that consumers with an up‐to‐date mobile operating system or a previous version of a shopping app conduct more searches in terms of increased product page views and time spent on product pages, which results in a higher probability of consumer impulse purchase. However, consumers' search for individual products is not affected by versions. Surprisingly, though more page views or time spent may boost purchases, we find that consumer search affects impulse purchases nonlinearly in that page views and time spent have a decreasing rate of impact. Our computations show that using an up‐to‐date operating system increases consumer search activities by 60.45 product pages or 521.30 seconds spent browsing compared to using a previous version of an operation system. Using an up‐to‐date app decreases consumer search activities by 129.34 product pages or 1446.48 seconds spent browsing compared to using a previous version of a mobile app.

Aplikasi Simulasi Berkendara dengan Metode Fuzzy Logic Menggunakan Phonegap

Android-Based Car Driving Simulation Application is an application used to obtain information about driving and caring for a car using smartphone support media. This is based on the increase in car accidents from year to year. The lack of information and the lack of knowledge of car drivers about driving information has made the author make a Car Driving Simulation application for the needs of visitors in using and accessing this application. Remembering technology is like a gadget that is no longer difficult to obtain, in fact it is possible for all people to have it. The application is designed with a smartphone that uses the Android operating system. Applications are made based on information needs for motorists. This application has gone through the stages of testing on four Android smartphone devices. This application is made using Phonegap with HTML and CSS programming languages and runs on the Kitkat version of the Android operating system as a minimum requirement.

A New Algorithm for Real-Time Scheduling and Resource Mapping for Robot Operating Systems (ROS)

A new version of a robot operating system (ROS-2) has been developed to address the real-time and fault constraints of distributed robotics applications. However, current implementations lack strong real-time scheduling and the optimization of response time for various tasks and applications. This may lead to inconsistent system behavior and may affect system performance. This article presents a new and efficient heuristic scheduling algorithm for the ROS-2 framework to improve resource mapping and system scheduling for robotics applications. The proposed scheduling design includes grouping callbacks into executors, assigning executor priority, and sequencing callbacks inside executors. The timing constraints and functional properties are expressed in the formal design model, and real-time scheduling is performed with respect to the timing constraints. The benefits of the proposed solution are demonstrated by a set of experimental results. Using this algorithm, it is shown that the number of executors needed to schedule a set of callbacks is minimized and the system schedulability is maximized for loaded and overloaded cases.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi untuk Estimasi Bobot Daging Sapi Berbasis Android

Calculation of the weight of an animal is very important because in the body of an animal there are many things that can be utilized, one of which is cattle. Therefore, beef cattle weigh the cattle in order to estimate the weight of the beef using a conventional method. However, this use is considered inefficient because the number of scales is very limited and it is not easy to carry around. Therefore, for the process of estimating the body weight of the cattle, it is very important for livestock owners to know the body weight of the cattle. Information System for Estimating Beef Weight Based on Android is designed on Android operating system with minimum API 22 (Lollipop) and target API 26 or 27 (Oreo). For testing the application will be carried out on Asus Zenfone 2 with the Marshmallow version of the Android operating system (API 23). In this case the method used is the Indonesian Winter Formula, namely by measuring the chest circumference and body length. Based on the test results on the design of information systems for estimating the weight of beef based on Android, it can be identified and can be concluded as follows; based on the results of testing and measurements on 5 (five) cows showing an accuracy value of up to 98.75%, and the results of measuring the body weight of the cow depend on the calculation of the length and chest circumference of the cow where the process will greatly affect the calculation results.

Prototype for monitoring noise pollution as a tool for the empowerment of society

Objective: Acceptable levels are between 45 and 65 dB according to the OMS, exceeding these values ​​can affect mental and physiological health, deteriorating the quality of life of the inhabitants. The purpose of this research is to identify the levels of noise pollution in the historic center of the city of Popayán, Cauca, Colombia, during peak hours of midday.Method: Applying the Design Thinking methodology, a prototype based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and a mobile application were designed to monitor the acoustic level in real time, and thus offer a technological tool that contributes to the empowerment of society in relation to its environmental conditionsResults: Results: The software solution was developed for Android mobile devices, in operating system versions higher than 6.0 (Marshmallow), using tools such as Android Studio and Firebase. As a perspective of this work, it is suggested to make measurements for longer periods of time, and in several places in the city. Conclusions: Real-time measurements of the level of noise pollution, for example, through the application and measurements made during 9:11 A.M. and 6:31 p.m., on February 11, 2022, it was possible to deduce that the average level of noise pollution was 61.48 dB and that, in the measurements made in the morning, they were the ones with the highest levels of pollution. , being the data of 11:01 A.M.

Malware Analysis Using Memory Forensics

Abstract: Malware is still the most dangerous issue facing internet users in today's online environment. The newly created malware is separate from the traditional kind, has a more dynamic design, and typically combines traits from two or more different malware types. comparing the various memory acquisition tools that are available, each of which has a varying performance dependent on the setups, installed hardware, and operating system version. If the ending character is not present. To address the growing malware issue, new methodologies like machine learning must be employed. Investigate how cybersecurity is used in this study for malware detection and machine learning. In this study will look at the PE (portable executable) headers of malware and non-malware samples in order to build a malware classifier that can identify if malware is there or not. The development of behavior-based malware detection and classification methods using various machine learning approaches is addressed in this study along with behavior-based detection methods itself

The “mObywatel” application as a sign of the increase of informatisation of the Polish society – critical remarks on the practical applicability of the tool

The aim of this article is to indicate the importance of the informatisation of a society by way of example of the Polish “mObywatel” application used on mobile devices running the full Android operating system version 6.0 or higher and smartphones running iOS 13 or later, which constitutes a remarkable achievement compared to other Member States of the European Union. By means of this unique digital tool Polish citizens are able to facilitate many of their everyday activities which require, among others, making their documents available for inspection, e.g. during Police control, while travelling by train, when checking the validity of the EU Digital Covid Certificate at the airport or prescribed medicines at the pharmacy. However, although the “mObywatel” application becomes more popular, especially among young and middle-aged people, it is still subject to some significant limitations, often caused by the shortcomings of the current legislation and concerns relating to data protection. Hopefully, the process of introducing the European Digital Identity Wallet will have a major impact on even greater practical applicability of the analysed tool. It is worth noting that due to the lack of literature in this dynamically developing area, this study seems to be one of the very few scientific legal discussions on the topic which concentrates on this exceptionally interesting application.

Penggunaan Gadget untuk Orang Berkebutuhan Khusus


 
 
 
 Recently, the use of gadgets, especially in the form of smartphones for various activities, has increased rapidly, from studying to working, all of which are done with gadgets. However, for some groups of people in Indonesia, one of them is people with disabilities or people with disabilities having difficulty using gadgets like other people use in general, some of them have difficulty operating gadgets when they have to be used directly like ordinary people do. The essence of this material is that there are accessibility features in gadgets, especially smartphones, along with their functions and how to activate the features through the default smartphone settings used. Accessibility gadgets are application features to make it easier for users to operate them. Accessibility options may vary by device and by individual operating system version. Today's gadgets have included accessibility application features in them, and this can make it easier for users to use their gadgets according to user needs. Because not all of these features cannot be activated automatically or there are even some gadgets that do not have the built-in accessibility features as needed, users must know how to install, activate, and use the features of this accessibility application.
 
 
 

Implementasi Metode Prototype Pada ASDP Merak Banten Berbasis Android

ASDP Merak Banten is part of PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) which is engaged in crossing services at the port of Merak-Banten. In the Merak-Bakauheni Port crossing service, operational data for each ship is different. Data from the operational results of crossing each ship is processed by the ASDP Merak by recording it on the sheet of the operational form of the ship and recapitulated using the Microsoft Excel application. Searching for operational data on ships is also quite difficult, because officers do so by opening each file until the desired data is found. To simplify recapitulation of operational data on ships, an Android-based system was made. The system built is integrated with the parts related to the operational data processing of the ship. This system is based on Android with a minimum operating system version of use is 5.0 (Lollipop). System development methods used are prototypes and data collection methods using interviews and literature study. The programming language used in building this system is Java with a programming editor using Android Studio. The type of database used in this system is MySQL.The system that is built also has a ship's departure schedule that can be seen by passengers if the passenger installs this application.Key Words: ASPD Merak, Ship Operation, Prototype, Android, MySQL.

Perancangan Aplikasi Informasi Cuaca Berbasis Android Menggunakan API dan JSON

Weather conditions are an inseparable part of human life. Weather conditions are very important and can affect daily activities. Weather conditions are also different in an area / city around the world. This study aims to produce weather information applications in an area / city around the world. This research was conducted with the steps of the waterfall method, planning in the form of pictures and weather information in accordance with OpenWeatherMap data information, needs analysis in the form of functional requirements and non-functional requirements, navigation structure design, use case diagrams, and user interfaces, programming with coding and implementation of the application interface, testing using variations of the Android operating system version and testing the user acceptance test (UAT). This research succeeded in building a weather information application with the name WeatherApp.apk measuring 3.3 MB and embedded with API and JSON. This application is composed of a home menu, finding city, and a splashscreen. Based on the blackbox test results, the WeatherApp.apk application can run on six versions of the Android operating system, namely, Android 5.1.1 (Lollipop), Android 6.0.1 (Marshmallow), Android 8.1.0 (Oreo), Android 11 (R), Android 10 (Q), Android 9.0 (Pie), Based on the user acceptance test (UAT) using a questionnaire to 10 respondents, and processed with a linkert scale, the results obtained are 86.67% in terms of appearance, 85% in terms of user convenience, and 87 ,5% in terms of benefits.

Infaq Tube Pick Up Scheduling Application in Pontianak City Based on Android (Case Study of West Kalimantan Lazismu)

The Amil Zakat Infaq Shadaqah Muhammadiyah Kalbar Institute (LAZISMU Kalbar) is a national-level zakat institution that is solemn in empowering the community through productive utilization of zakat funds, infaq, waqf and other philanthropic funds from individuals, institutions, companies and other agencies. Lazismu Kalbar has several programs, one of which is the infaq tube, which is a charity box program as a means to make it easier for donors to donate and give charity in their respective homes. The collection of infaq funds by West Kalimantan LAZISMU officers is carried out once or twice a month according to the time agreement between the donor and the West Kalimantan LAZISMU. Considering that the number of donors continues to grow, it is difficult for officers to arrange the pick-up times for the charity boxes, besides that the officer's journey becomes inefficient because the charity boxes that should be taken at once in one trip are forced to take two trips to places that are actually close to each other. A system and application is needed that is able to support the charity box pick-up process with a scheduling mechanism. This research has developed an Android mobile application that makes it easier for LAZISMU officers to schedule pick-up for the infaq tube, which is very important, in order to minimize the possibility of clashing pick-up schedules. Making the application using IDEA Android studio with web service as its database technology, which utilizes google calendar technology as a scheduling medium and utilizes notifications from google calendar as notification of infaq tube pick-up notifications. Based on the test results, in compatibility testing, the application is installed and runs well on android devices starting from the Jelly Bean operating system version (4.2.2) to Pie (9.0).

Analysis of Cryptography Algorithms Implemented in Android Mobile Application

This paper evaluates the performances of numerous encryption algorithms on mobile devices running the Android operating system. The primary objective of our research was to measure and compare the relative performances of tested algorithm implementations (Data Encryption Standard (DES), 3DES, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), ChaCha20, Blowfish, and Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4)) on the Android platform. The algorithms were compared in terms of CPU utilization by measuring the time required to encrypt and decrypt variable size text files. Besides evaluating the six common symmetric encryption ciphers, a comparison has been conducted for several Password-Based Encryption (PBE) algorithms. Diverse cipher transformations were evaluated for each algorithm by utilizing various feedback modes and padding schemes. Two smartphone devices were used for testing, with different versions of the Android operating system and hardware specifications. The summarized performance outcomes for various cipher transformations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of each algorithm.

Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. With the development of the Android 7.0 (Nougat) operating system in May 2016, raw measurements from the internal GNSS sensor installed in the smartphone could be accessed. This work aims to show an initial analysis regarding the feasibility of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) estimation by GNSS measurements extracted from smartphones, evaluating the accuracy of estimation to open a new window on troposphere local monitoring. Two different test sites have been considered, and two different types of software for data processing have been used. ZTDs have been estimated from both a dual-frequency and a multi-constellation receiver embedded in the smartphone, and from a GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS). The results have shown interesting performances in terms of ZTD estimation from the smartphone in respect of the estimations obtained with a geodetic receiver.

Mobile Augmented Reality for Low-End Devices Based on Planar Surface Recognition and Optimized Vertex Data Rendering

Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) is designed to keep pace with high-end mobile computing and their powerful sensors. This evolution excludes users with low-end devices and network constraints. This article presents ModAR, a hybrid Android prototype that expands the MAR experience to the aforementioned target group. It combines feature-based image matching and pose estimation with fast rendering of 3D textured models. Planar objects of the real environment are used as pattern images for overlaying users’ meshes or the app’s default ones. Since ModAR is based on the OpenCV C++ library at Android NDK and OpenGL ES 2.0 graphics API, there are no dependencies on additional software, operating system version or model-specific hardware. The developed 3D graphics engine implements optimized vertex-data rendering with a combination of data grouping, synchronization, sub-texture compression and instancing for limited CPU/GPU resources and a single-threaded approach. It achieves up to 3× speed-up compared to standard index rendering, and AR overlay of a 50 K vertices 3D model in less than 30 s. Several deployment scenarios on pose estimation demonstrate that the oriented FAST detector with an upper threshold of features per frame combined with the ORB descriptor yield best results in terms of robustness and efficiency, achieving a 90% reduction of image matching time compared to the time required by the AGAST detector and the BRISK descriptor, corresponding to pattern recognition accuracy of above 90% for a wide range of scale changes, regardless of any in-plane rotations and partial occlusions of the pattern.

Enhanced cache attack on AES applicable on ARM-based devices with new operating systems

There are several key challenges in performing cache-based attacks on ARM-based devices. Lipp et al. introduced various techniques to tackle these challenges and applied successfully different cache-based attacks on ARM-based mobile devices. In the cache-based attacks proposed by Lipp et al. it is assumed that the attacker has access to the mapping of virtual addresses to physical addresses through/proc/self/pagemap which is an important limiting factor in Linux and newer versions of Android operating systems. To access this mapping, the attacker must know the root of the operating system. In this paper, we introduce an Evict+Reload attack on the T-table-based implementation of AES which applies to ARM-based devices in which root access is required to use the mapping of virtual addresses to physical addresses. The attack consists of two phases. The profiling is a preprocessing phase to profile all the timing characteristics when AES is executed with a known key. In this phase, the attacker can identify specific bits of the physical addresses of the AES T-table elements without having root access. In the exploitation phase, full key bytes are retrieved by a conventional Evict+Reload attack. To verify the theoretical model of our technique, we implemented the described attack on AES.

Effects of content trimming iPhone 12 Pro Max video files in iOS 14.

In this audio/video authenticity research project, 44 original MOV files were produced on an Apple iPhone 12 Pro Max mobile device, running the iOS 14.2.1 operating system, in all available video formats and at four different nominal recording lengths. Each of the original files was then trimmed, using the Apple Photos app, in three different ways: deleting a portion of the beginning, a portion of the end, and portions of both the beginning and end. These 176 original and trimmed files were transferred to a laboratory computer and the footer and other metadata were analyzed with a hex editor. This analysis revealed that the trimmed recordings could be differentiated from the originals; that the iPhone model and the iOS operating system version could be identified; that important recording dates and times can be determined; and that the type of trimming, in some cases, could be determined.

Towards a dynamic soil survey: Identifying and delineating soil horizons in-situ using deep learning

Soil horizons are the manifestation of pedogenesis and contain the basic morphologic indicators of soil formation. Accurate and quantitative tools for delineating soil horizons in-situ can assist soil scientists towards rapid and dynamic soil survey information. The objective of this study was to develop a deep-learning-based, soil-profile-imaging method for identifying and delineating soil master horizons to assist in digital soil descriptions. A total of 160 soil profile images from four soil orders (Alfisols, Entisols, Inceptisols, and Mollisols) were collected from north China in the Inner Mongolia and Liaoning regions. The 160 profile images were amplified to 2400 individual images for model building using data-augmentation procedures. The augmented profile image dataset was divided into training (70%), validation (15%), and test (15%) datasets. The training and validation datasets were imported into a nested, U-net network for model building. The proposed deep-learning (DL) model classified soil profiles into A, B, and C horizons. The mean pixel accuracy of the DL model was 0.86 with the training dataset, 0.82 with the validation dataset, and 0.83 for the test dataset. Results showed that the DL model was judged to be accurate enough for identifying and delineating soil master horizons from profile images in practice. Based on the proposed DL model, a smartphone application was subsequently developed to digitalize the soil profile and assist field evaluation of soil profile horizonation. The smartphone application, for the Android operating system (version 5.0 and greater), featured a response time of < 5 s. This study demonstrated that the proposed DL model and smartphone application could be a simple, fast, and digital tool for quickly identifying and delineating in-situ soil horizons. These tools allow for rapid data collection, which can be used for future artificial intelligence development and application in soil science towards digital soil profile description and dynamic soil survey.