Open Interviews Research Articles

Compulsory treatment at home: an interview study exploring the experiences of an early group of patients, relatives and mental-health workers

BackgroundWhen introduced in 2020, the Netherlands’ Compulsory Mental Healthcare Act included provisions for compulsory community treatment (CCT) and compulsory treatment in patients’ homes (CTH). Although CCT has been incorporated into mental health care in many countries, its effectiveness is debated. We know of no other countries in which CTH has been adopted.The aim of this study is to evaluate how an early group of participants experienced CTH. They were drawn from three stakeholder groups: patients, relatives and mental-health workers.MethodsIn total, 17 open interviews were conducted with six patients, five relatives and six mental-health workers. All had experience with CTH. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews.ResultsFive themes were identified: 1). Reasons for applying for a court order with options for CTH. The reasons included preventing harm, avoiding hospitalization, and providing a safety net. 2.) Participants’ experiences with CTH in practice. The four most noteworthy experiences were related to the process of applying for a court order; compulsory home visits and the compulsory use of medication; the involvement of relatives during treatment; and the influence of CTH on the relationship between patients and relatives. 3.) The advantages and disadvantages of CTH. The most important advantages were avoiding hospitalization; improving medication adherence; facilitating easy access to care; early signaling of deterioration; early intervention; and regained autonomy. The most important disadvantages were restricted autonomy; fewer options for monitoring compared to hospitalization; and problems regarding control of patient behavior. 4.) Participants’ preferences. All preferred CTH to hospitalization. 5.) Participants’ suggestions for improving CTH. These included the need not only to provide patients with better information, but also to improve the involvement of relatives during treatment.ConclusionThe interviewees found that CTH might help to avoid hospitalization by providing stakeholders with more options for arranging effective care at home. Although this suggests that initial experiences of CTH under the new Dutch mental health law were positive, it is still uncertain whether CTH as currently implemented really differs from CCT.

Las prácticas preprofesionales en la formación psicopedagógica ¿Revisión, supervisión o covisión?

This paper arises from a research that aims to build knowledge about learning experiences, paths, and psychopedagogical interventions in pre-professional training practices. The strategy to approach the study is the open qualitative interview, administered to students and graduates, to analyze a category constructed from the repeated reading of the field records: Pre-professional practices in psychopedagogical training, with emphasis on the sub-axis referring to the accompaniment and the possibilities of reviewing these practices. Focusing on practices means addressing complex events that confront students with decisions characterized by the uniqueness of their journeys. Follow-up and accompaniment require a space to listen to obstacles, advances, and setbacks, failed and accurate interventions: the review -supervision or co-vision- of the psychopedagogical practices that are carried out individually or in groups in the context of institutions.

Exploring the health challenges of affected people in the 2023 Khoy earthquake: a content analysis

BackgroundAn earthquake has significant effects on health and livelihood of people. It is important to identify health needs and challenges of earthquake victims and use them to prepare for other possible earthquakes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the challenges and health needs of earthquake victims in Iran.MethodsThis was a qualitative study with 25 participation who were affected by the earthquake in Khoy City, and were selected using purposive sampling by snowball method technique in 2023. The study data was collected through open and semi-structured interviews. To analyze the data, the conventional content analysis with an inductive approach was used.ResultsThe results show two main categories. The main categories “Management as a missing link in unexpected events” includes 9 subcategories: “The challenge of access to emergency resources and health facilities”, “Feeling of abandonment in medical personnel”, “Weakness in the structural safety and infrastructure of the health system”, “Logistical challenges”, “Risk management training”, “Crisis response management challenges”, “Weakness in the intelligent relief system”, “Management of secondary incidents”, and “Need to provide medical services and disease prevention”. Also, the main categories “Emotional actions of people in crisis” consist of 5 subcategories: “Overexcitement”, “Psychological vulnerability of children”, “Physical complaints caused by stress”, “Confusion caused by the lack of reliable information sources” and “Negative effects of living together with several families”.ConclusionTo help deal with threats and other challenges in the earthquake crisis, countries should try to improve their capacity to manage natural disasters.

Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) di Industri Perhotelan Kota Jambi

This research aims to identify the type and amount of B3 waste, identify B3 waste management based on Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021, as well as the SWOT strategy for B3 waste management in the Jambi City hotel industry. The research method is a mixed method. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of open interviews using questionnaires, documentation and literature studies. This research used two types of informants, namely 5 experts and 36 hotel staff, with a questionnaire as the data collection instrument. The results of this research are the type of B3 waste in hotels, namely used oil with the highest amount, namely 0.786 tonnes, and the smallest amount, namely used cloth, amounting to 0.009 tonnes. The research results also found that the hotels that produced the most B3 waste were 5-star hotels, amounting to 0.752 tons. The stages of B3 waste management implemented in the hotel industry are the reduction stage and the storage stage. In the SWOT diagram, it is in quadrant II, namely a combination of strategies between strengths and threats (ST strategy), namely central government regulations, administrative sanctions for hotels, reducing the use of B3 waste in hotels, preparing TPS for B3 waste not mixed with other waste, the government working together. with third parties for B3 waste management, inviting the public to protect the environment.

Development of Multimedia Based Busy Book Learning Media to Improve Cognitive and Language Abilities in Early Childhood

This study aimed to provide multimedia-based busy book learning resources to enhance the language and cognitive abilities of young children attending Bengkulu City's Lembayung Indah Kindergarten. Both books and multimedia-based busy books are the end products of this research project. Potential and problems, data collection, initial product design, expert validation, design revision, small group trials, product revision I, large group trials, product revision II, and final product are the ten steps that make up this research, which is a development research (Research & Development) using the Borg and Gall model. 36 youngsters made up the sample used in this study, which was selected at random. Children's abilities tests, open interviews, and observation were the methods used to get the data. T tests, percentages, and scores were employed in this study's data analysis. Based on the study's findings, the creation of multimedia-based busy book materials was deemed both practical and successful in enhancing the language and cognitive abilities of young children in group B of Lembayung Indah Kindergarten in Bengkulu City.

An Ethnobotanical Study in Kırşehir (Türkiye).

A comprehensive ethnobotanical study was carried out in the province of Kırsehir, in the Central Anatolia region. The result of that study is this publication containing information about the main traditional folk medicine, wild food plants, and other plant uses in the area. Our goal was to collect, identify, and provide information about plants traditionally used by the local population. This inquiry focused on the plant specimens obtained during field work. Data were gathered through open and semi-structured interviews conducted with local individuals, and use report (UR) values were computed. A total of 79 taxa of plants used in folk medicine, belonging to 33 families, were identified in this study. Of these, 67 taxa were wild and 12 were cultivated. The most common families were Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Rosaceae. Based on the results of this study, 77 taxa with ethnobotanical uses were recorded. The plants were used as folk medicine (45 taxa), as food (46 taxa), and for other purposes (34 taxa). This study determined that plants are still traditionally used in the region.

The lived experience of patients with bipolar disorder with adapting their lifestyle to their condition

BackgroundAn important element of self-management strategies for people with bipolar disorder is adapting their lifestyle to their condition, since this improves their quality of life. However, not all people with bipolar disorder succeed in lifestyle adaptation. Knowledge about their lived experience with adaptation would enhance understanding about how healthcare providers optimize support. Research questionWhat is the lived experience of people with bipolar disorder with adapting their lifestyle to their condition? MethodA qualitative, descriptive phenomenological design was used. Individual, open interviews were conducted with 16 people with bipolar disorder. The data were analyzed according to the seven-stage process by Colaizzi. FindingsThree main themes were identified: (1) struggling to adapt lifestyle; (2) mixed feelings about lifestyle adaptation; and (3) supporting lifestyle adaptation. ConclusionParticipants reported that adapting their lifestyle to bipolar disorder is a struggle. Adaptation is influenced by factors such as the fluctuating nature of the disorder and differing levels of experiential knowledge and can evoke both positive and negative feelings. Lifestyle adaptation is also interrelated with other strategies for staying well, such as accepting the diagnosis and being open with others. It can be enhanced by support from other people and by making use of practical tools. RecommendationsHealthcare providers should support people adapting their lifestyle to bipolar disorder by being attentive to the interrelatedness of lifestyle aspects and other strategies for staying well with bipolar disorder.

Coping strategies for combating chronic pain among professional ballet dancers in Cali, Colombia. Qualitative study

IntroductionPain is part of the daily life of ballet dancers. To achieve perfection in the dance, techniques based on repetitive movements that overload different parts of the body are used, which generate pain. The purpose of this study is identify coping strategies used by professional ballet dancers to manage chronic pain. MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological design with a population of 17 professional dancers from a ballet company in Cali, Colombia. The Chronic Pain Coping Questionnaire (CAD) and a open interview with guiding questions were applied as research instruments. ResultsThe dancers of the Colombian Ballet Company engage in a physically demanding practice that necessitates continuous movement. The majority of these dancers are under 30 years of age and have been with the company for less than 5 years. Unfortunately, their frequent injuries include sprains, back pain, and disc herniation, often attributed to a lack of strengthening and the imposition of high physical loads. In coping with the pain, the dancers commonly resort to seeking information about their injuries and engaging in self-affirmation of their exceptional abilities. ConclusionsDancers get used to pain to continue in professional dance companies. Coping with pain involves developing strategies for self-affirmation and motivation to continue in their profession.

Teaching Methods and Tools in Professional Translation in Higher Education

The main objective of this study is to show how translation is a necessary act in literary and cultural exchanges. In literary communication between readers of different cultures, translation is no longer only a process of interpretation where people understand each other although they speak different languages, but an act that requires prior knowledge of culture, literature, art, faith, customs, characteristics and the place of others in society. In this context, Albanian culture, literature and language are often prejudiced and not included in translation programs or in higher education programs that offer studies on Balkan languages, literature and cultures ; although, with difficulty, large university centers began to offer advanced studies in Albanology in the beginning of the 20th century. Geographically, the largest number of universities that opened their doors to Albanian culture belongs to Europe and, if the data from last year is counted, also to the United States of America, since the Albanian language was added to the foreign language programs at Harvard University. Compared to the first few decades of the 20th century, where Albanian centers were constantly under foreign rule and suffering the fallout of the Second World War, preventing the full promotion of Albanian literature and culture in Europe, Albanian literature is now well-represented in European languages, especially in the last three decades. After the change in the political situation, in the beginning of the 90s in Albania and at the end of the 90s in Kosovo, the doors were opened and the possibilities for the penetration of Albanian literature in Europe increased. Publishing houses, universities, but also freelance translators were committed to make it known to the European reader. In this paper, we present the experience of the greatest translators of Albanian literature in the last five decades. The results of our analysis were generated with qualitative and comparative methods by conducting open and semi-open interviews with these translators, naturally relying on translation theories.

Literacy Analysis of Chemistry Teachers on STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) Learning Approach in Senior High Schools in West Nusa Tenggara Province

The research was conducted with the following objectives: (1) to determine the literacy ability of chemistry teachers in West Nusa Tenggara Province towards the STEAM leaning approach; (2) knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors of the chemistry teacher's literacy about the STEAM learning approach. The research was conducted at A-accredited Senior High Schools in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The sample selection in this study used a purposive sampling technique with a total of 40 participants in 20 schools. Data collection include open question sheets and interview guidelines. The data analysis technique in this study uses the Miles and Huberman model with data reduction technique, data display, and verification. The result of this study the literacy of state high schools' chemistry teacher in West Nusa Tenggara Province related to the STEAM approach is in the medium category. The supporting factor for the literacy of chemistry teachers in State High Schools in West Nusa Tenggara Province is the existence of professional training and development such as training workshop, MGMP and P4TK. Other supporting factors are professional relationship and the ability to access internet media. The factors that hinder the literacy of chemistry teacher are the lack of training and professional development, the lack of ability to access the internet as an information tool in the search for literature and the limitations of school facilities and infrastructure and time allocation.

Enhancing medical training in conflict zones and remote areas through innovation: introducing the Canadian Virtual Medical University Initiative

The WHO projects a global shortage of 4.3 million physicians by 2030, with the largest deficits in developing and conflict-affected regions. Our aim is to train competent physicians rapidly and affordably through remote education programs. We developed an online medical training curriculum with four levels, focusing on different aspects of human body systems using a competency-based, student-centered approach. This study evaluates the first three levels; level four (internship) is outside this scope. The 105 medical students from eight Afghan universities were randomly assigned to nine groups. The curriculum includes Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA) for the cardiovascular system: level 1 covers basic medical sciences, level 2 pathology and basic clinical skills, and level 3 full clinical competencies. EPAs were delivered asynchronously online via Lecturio, CyberPatient, and Zoom. The 30-day intervention included 4h of weekly online classes for formative assessment, collaborative learning, and evaluation, supervised by medical faculty members. Virtual pre- and post-intervention evaluations used multiple-choice questions and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). We also conducted a satisfaction survey and open interview forum. Data triangulation from observations, surveys, and interviews validated curriculum effectiveness. The benchmarking method assessed cost-effectiveness. Pre- and post-intervention analysis showed a significant increase in clinical competencies and knowledge acquisition (P<0.0001). The CyberPatient intervention improved clinical competency quality (P<0.0001) and shortened decision-making time (P<0.001). Cost analysis revealed that a virtual medical university would be 95% more cost-effective than traditional medical education. Integrating virtual technology with modern curriculum concepts in pre-internship years can effectively address healthcare training gaps and enhance education quality for healthcare workers at a low cost. Provided by CanHealth International. A UBC spin-off not-for-profit organization.

A Narrative Inquiry into the Meaning of Smoking among Farmworkers in Southern Philippines

Cigarette smoking is recognized as a global health threat. By the same token, it remains highly prevalent in low and middle-income families like farmworkers, despite efforts by the government and private health agencies to prevent smoking. Thus, this study explored the meaning of smoking among farmworkers and how the meanings reproduced their tenets while living in a farming community. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that qualitatively investigated the smoking phenomenon among farmworkers in a rural area in Southern Philippines— a topic that has not been treated in much detail in the literature. The research framework used in this work is the socio-cultural tradition (SCT) of communication theory, which theorizes communication as the (re)production of the social order. Using narrative inquiry, the study delved into the seven narratives of farmworker participants about the meaning of smoking. Individual open interviews were conducted among the participants to elicit stories relative to their experience with smoking. The data were analyzed through re-storying and narrative thematic analysis, yielding five themes constituting their meaning of smoking that reproduced a new social order. Results showed that smoking is (1) a parent and peer influence, (2) a means to manage negative feelings and emotions, (3) a thought-provoker and organizer, (4) a culture among friends, and (5) an integral part of life. All these meanings consequently formed and reinforced a new social order, seemingly an indestructible barrier to smoking cessation. Anchored on SCT, it can be surmised that farmworkers’ tenets, while living in their community, were reproduced by these meanings of smoking that governed their lives.

Theory is inclusive, practice is integrative? Discourses on inclusion in the education community

AbstractDefining educational inclusion is a complex task on which there is still no conceptual agreement among practitioners. Although the term inclusion has moved away from integration or disability, it has not yet been consolidated as the presence and participation of all students. Some of the reasons are lack of material and human resources, isolated curriculum or teacher training, among others. A qualitative research project was carried out with the aim of identifying the portraits that the different informant agents make of inclusion. The technique used to collect information was an open interview with 44 participants, representatives of different groups (head teachers, classroom teachers, specialists, counsellors, families, students, associations and politicians). The information was analysed using the content analysis model, supported by MAXQDA22 software. The results delve into (1) the dissonant issues with inclusion and (2) the rupture they perceive between legislation and daily practice, and (3) reveal five dominant discourses on the concept: as a legal measure, as a category, as an educational measure, as wealth and as participation. In conclusion, the vision of inclusion in this study remains confused, diffuse and utopian.

Collaborative approaches to embedding academic literacy instruction in the curriculum: examples from UK universities

ABSTRACT The development of academic literacy is fundamental to student success in higher education. Universities offer various types of student support, ranging from generic courses to discipline-specific academic literacy instruction. The approach that has been advocated as the most inclusive and systematic is the embedding of academic literacy instruction into subject curricula. Embedding is best facilitated when English for academic purposes (EAP) specialists, with their linguistic and pedagogical expertise, work in collaboration with subject lecturers. Whilst there are several published examples of embedded academic literacy instruction led by EAP practitioners, there is still little evidence of collaborations in which subject lecturers assume some responsibility for students’ academic literacy development. Although there has been a growing trend towards collaborative and embedded activities, they remain largely invisible(Tibbetts and Chapman 2023. A guide to in-sessional English for academic purposes: Paradigms and practices. London: Routledge). This study aimed to offer detailed insights into current initiatives in UK universities and to identify factors that facilitate or constrain collaborations and institution-wide provision of embedded academic literacy support. For this purpose, we conducted open interviews with EAP leaders at fifteen universities. The findings indicate that the type of institution as well as the representation of EAP staff in departmental committees are important factors for the implementation and sustainability of collaborative and embedded academic literacy provision. Based on the findings, we propose some steps that EAP leaders can take to reduce the structural and perceptual barriers preventing the expansion of this provision across institutions.

“Pues que pase lo que Dios quiera”: Strategies for Dealing with Emotional Discomfort in Undocumented Mexican Immigrants Living in the United States

Introduction. Undocumented migrants live in a state of social, legal, and political invisibility, which affects their mental health while hindering their access to health services. It is therefore essential to understand which situations are linked to their emotional discomfort and how they cope with it. Objective. To explore the sources of emotional discomfort and the strategies used to deal with it in undocumented Mexican migrants residing in an area with a recent migratory tradition. Method. Study conducted using qualitative methodology and ethnographic strategies involving four open interviews with key informants and seven semi-structured interviews with undocumented Mexican immigrants. A thematic analysis was conducted of each of them, and the main categories constructed. Results. Immigration status was the main source of emotional discomfort, creating sadness, anger, and frustration associated with direct acts of racism and discrimination. Religiosity or spirituality, relaxation, avoidance, self-control (“gritting your teeth and bearing it”), and seeking supportive social networks were the most commonly used strategies for coping with this discomfort. Discussion and conclusions. It would be advisable to implement strategies that increased the possibilities of access to professional care, when necessary, without immigrants perceiving a threat due to their immigration status and to promote more robust social networks in the community, as well as virtual networks that could provide an alternative source of care and accompaniment from their place of origin.

An Investigation into the Impact of Interest Rate Fluctuations by Financial Lending Institutions on Small and Medium Enterprises’ (SMEs’) Loan Repayment among Selected Lusaka-Based Firms

This study purposed to investigate the impact of interest rate fluctuations by financial lending institutions on small medium enterprises’ (SMEs’) loan repayment Among selected Lusaka based SMEs. The issue of high interest rates charged by financial institutions is a significant concern for SMEs in Zambia. The study was guided by three research objectives; to examine the challenges SMEs face in repaying financial credit gotten from financial lending institutions; to find out the effect of interest rate fluctuations on loan repayment among SMEs operating in Lusaka City and to propose a policy framework amenable for stable and affordable interest rate by financial lending institutions operating in Lusaka City. The target population for this research was one hundred (100) SMEs registered and operating in Chilenje market in Lusaka city. This study employed a descriptive design and a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection to leverage the strengths of both methodologies. The research population was well-defined and complete for simple random and purposive sampling methods. The research paradigm was rooted in pragmatism, focusing on empirical data to explore the relationship between interest rate fluctuations and SME loan repayment behavior in Lusaka, using a sample size of 53 SMEs from Chilenje market. Data collection involved administering questionnaires with both open and closed-ended questions and interview schedules. This research study successfully established the effect of interest rate fluctuations on loan acquisitions among SMEs operating in Lusaka city. It demonstrated that SMEs are sensitive to changes in interest rates, with the majority indicating that their decision on loan acquisitions is affected by fluctuating interest rates. This underscores the importance of interest rate stability for SMEs in making informed borrowing decisions and managing financial risks. The study advocates for a framework which promotes transparency and market efficiency, implementing regulatory measures to mitigate risk and encourage competition, and facilitating access to credit information and alternative financing options. By comparing these findings with existing research, the study underscores the complex nature of SME loan repayment behaviors in response to interest rate fluctuations and emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts among policymakers, financial institutions, and SME stakeholders to address challenges and promote sustainable growth within the SME sector.

Guardians of the forest: the traditional knowledge associated to sociobiodiversity productsin the Middle Juruá territory,Carauari, Amazonas, Brazil

The sustainable use of resources and the traditional knowledge of human populations in sustainable use UCs characterize these spaces as places of refuge for sociocultural expressions, ways of life, territorial protection, and maintenance of knowledge. The present study aimed to reveal traditional knowledge regarding flora and fauna species by riverside communities in the Amazon basin. To this end, it investigated how residents of two communities in the Middle Juruá territory identified and used local species. The analysis of similarities enabled the creation of a flowchart illustrating the process of traditional knowledge consolidation based on the application of semi-structured forms, open interviews and bibliographic review. Ninety-five species and 112 uses were identified and categorized, the most frequent uses being associated with healthcare (68%), cosmetics (10%), and food (9%). Cluster formation was observed among members of the same community, suggesting that traditional knowledge transmission is consistent with living closer together. Therefore, we understand that the region has great potential for products and uses of socio-biodiversity, and traditional populations are responsible for protecting territorial and natural resources through sustainable management, using their traditional knowledge. However, the erosion of this knowledge in regions with intense trade with companies that use these raw materials for products highlights the need to guarantee the rights of these populations, especially in relation to the sharing of benefits from products derived from associated traditional knowledge and heritage genetic (Brasil, 2015).

Kedudukan Hukum Mahar “Sunreng” dalam Perkawinan Bugis Makassar

This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of the provision of land dowry in marriage according to national defense law, as well as the legal protection status of ownership of land rights in marriage dowry in Tanralili District, Maros Regency. In addition, it also aims to find out and analyze legal protection for women who receive dowry land in marriage in Tanralili District, Maros Regency. In addition to field research, namely open interviews with a number of local government officials such as the Head of BPN Maros Regency, Tanralili Sub-District, Head of KUA Tanralili District, as well as questions and answers with several residents who married with land as their dowry, a literature study was also conducted (Library Research) by studying related laws and regulations, books, journals, and articles obtained through the internet. Data analysis is carried out using qualitative and normative analysis techniques. The result of this study is that the implementation of dowry in marriage of national land law is valid or permissible as long as legal certainty in terms of certificates is submitted at the time of marriage contract if and according to national land law if registered with the national land office by first proving by a deed of grant made by the Land Deed Making Officer (PPAT). And Legal protection for women who receive land, the provision of dowry in marriage in Tanralili District, Maros Regency, which is the strongest on land, is a certificate made by the local land office, further suggestion that the granting of dowry in marriage can be recognized for its implementation according to national land law.

Exploring Professional and Carer Stakeholder Conceptualizations of Child and Adolescent Mental Health in Malawi Using a Contextual Co-Design Methodology: The Interplay of Pathology, the Supernatural, and a Pathway to Healing

In Malawi, there is a high prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents. However, access to specialized care is scarce due to a lack of public policies, resources, and cultural factors. In this context, the aim of this research is to understand how child and adolescent mental health is conceptualized by key stakeholders in Malawi. The participants were 117 stakeholders (59 female and 58 male) involved with children’s mental health from different roles. They participated in workshops, focus groups, and open interviews. The data were processed following the steps of thematic analysis. The results show agreement between the different stakeholders in conceptualizations of child and adolescent mental health in Malawi, where symptoms and signs are not necessarily related to the Western vision, as well as the interaction between natural and supernatural sources in the genesis of mental disorders. Likewise, a pattern of help-seeking is described in which traditional healers stand out over hospitals. Finally, the results allow us to highlight the suggestions made by practitioners, policymakers, community leaders, and academics to improve access to and provision of mental health for children and adolescents in Malawi.

Multisided collaboration and double stakeholder approach coexistence in restaurants: From Corporate Social Responsibility practices to partnerships for the goals

AbstractRestaurants have been becoming increasingly aware of their responsibilities and impact; however, literature on corporate social responsibility has mainly applied quantitative methods to analyze the environmental dimension of sustainability. By drawing on the stakeholder theory approach (normative vs. instrumental) and through a qualitative narrative method based on the analysis of 41 open interviews, this study aims to evaluate which stakeholders are engaged in restaurant‐related CSR practices and the nature of the relationship that ties them together. The results show that although a normative approach is more common, both approaches coexist in many cases. The emergence of multisided collaboration and a double approach enables achieving sustainability issues outside a strictly instrumental logic. This study contributes to the scant literature on CSR in restaurants by analyzing a wider set of stakeholders engaged in sustainability practices and indicating which practices are common and why and how stakeholders are involved.