Open CNC Research Articles

An Open STEP-NC Controller via LabVIEW Platform

In future technology in the field of advanced manufacturing, an open architecture controller in CNC system is studied. In this paper, the LabVIEW software platform is chosen and software realization methodology for the CNC system is determined for this application. This research project aims to meet the requirement of open architecture to create a CNC system based on new ISO standards of ISO 14649 and ISO 10303. As a result, open 3-Axis Mill CNC system based on component software reuse technology successfully developed. Two case studies of ISO 14649 (example 1 and example 2) were carried out through this developed system.

The Design of Depth Drill Machine Based on Automatic Control AC Servo System

Based on AC servo system of deep hole processing,a new kind of open CNC system is proposed by calling the dynamic link library under Windows operating system, which is made up of googol motion controller GE-400-PV,Panasonic MINAS driver and AC servo motor, has good man-machine interface, solved that the traditional methods is difficult to satisfy the practical requirements in the precision and efficiency of the deep hole processing, experiments show that, the control system can achieve the effect of precision processing, fully meet the requirements of mechanical technology in practical application.

Ethernet-Based Data Acquisition Technology of Open CNC System

It describes the development and the present situation of the open CNC system technology. Taking the FANUC30i and Siemens 840D CNC system as an example ,it does an explicit research on data acquisition of the CNC system based on the Ethernet. It proposes a solution with high practicability and low cost for the users who want an online monitoring and alarming system of the CNC system.

Researches on the Design and Application of DSP Multi-Motor Collaborative Control System

As an important branch in the field of servo control, multi-motor coordination motion control applications are increasingly widespread. For open CNC system requirement, taking DSP as master core, combing with specific integrated stepper motor driver chip LMD18201T, this designed a serial communication-based new collaborative multi-motor control system, which has characters of highly integrated, good stability, real-time, convenient man-machine interface. The test results show that the system fully meet performance requirements and achieved the motion control functions.

The Design of Control System of Piston Pin Punching Recess Automatic Drilling Dedicated Machine Tool

The piston pin punching recess automatic drilling machine tool, is a dedicated machine tool designed and manufactured to solve the possess of piston pin punching recess. This paper studies the design of the dedicated machine’s control system, which uses open CNC technology, hydraulic technology, PLC technology, electrical technology, and human-machine interface technology. The control system can achieve the automation of feeding and blanking process. Replace of control panel, adopting touch screen to achieve operational control, and monitor the status of real-time job on the machine.

Application of SVG in Hand-Tufted Carpet Tufting Automation

To change the traditional manual production mode of hand-tufted carpet which features low efficiency and long production cycle, a CAM system for tufting process in hand-tufted carpet manufacturing has been proposed. The pattern in the format of SVG was studied as the object, and a set of graphic analytic software has been developed on the platform of Visual Studio, it can parse all the element nodes in a SVG document to calculate the feature points corresponding to every color and simulate the tufting path dynamically on the screen. Then dedicated NC code was generated for the open CNC system to use. And the software has provided a solution for accurate estimation of consumption of different color dyed yarn.

Study of Elevator Flexible Sheet Metal Processing Production Line Based on Open CNC System

In order to improve the level of automation of elevator flexible sheet metal processing production line, flexible sheet metal processing production line based on an open architecture CNC system is proposed. The basic idea of the project is combining CNC bending machine, roller conveyors, robotic welding and other general processing equipment through reasonable project, supplemented by the necessary gauge, mobile unit, feeding positioning equipment, according to the special requirements of sheet metal processing, so that automation of elevator sheet metal production can be achieved, quality of sheet metal processing improved and production costs reduced. In all, the development of the production line can reduce our dependence on labor in the Production and processing of sheet metal.

Study and Development of Network Manufacturing System Based on Open CNC

This article discusses the construction of network manufacturing system based on open CNC, through combining the own characteristics of C/S and B/S architecture with CNC manufacturing units, communication is achieved by underlying network link through port design. This communication mode can guarantee real time and vast amount of data transmission, and ensure the wideness of the entire network manufacturing system, which is a strong trend of network manufacturing.

The Study on the Control of Open CNC System Accuracy

New scheme of the CNC system software subdivision based on grating signal is discussed; the subdivision error analysis, the hardware circuit and the speed control are discussed. The closed-loop position control system with stepping motor as driving component is implemented.

Development of Automatic CNC Grooving and Bending Machine Based on MPC08SP Motion Control Card

Design the mechanical structure of automatic CNC grooving and bending machine based on the modular design method, and the three-dimensional mechanical structure model is created out using Pro/E; design the control system of automatic CNC grooving and bending machine based on the open CNC system theory, the control structure takes PC and motion control card method, and the control software is developed by Visual C++ 6.0. Finally the automatic equipment has been developed which has advantages of automatically processing, high precision and low price.

Direct trajectory interpolation on the surface using an open CNC

Free-form surfaces are used for many industrial applications from aeronautical parts, to molds or biomedical implants. In the common machining process, computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software generates approximated tool paths because of the limitation induced by the input tool path format of the industrial CNC. Then, during the tool path interpolation, marks on finished surfaces can appear induced by non smooth feedrate planning. Managing the geometry of the tool path, as well as the kinematical parameters of the machine tool, are two key factors for quality and productivity improvements. The aim of this paper is to present a unified method to compute the trajectory directly on the surface to be machined avoiding CAM approximations and producing a smoother trajectory. This paper proposes an interpolation of the trajectory based on the free-form surface mathematical model while considering the kinematical limitations of a high-speed milling machine (velocity, acceleration, and jerk). The amelioration of the data exchange between computer-aided design (CAD)/CAM and CNC opens new ways to optimize the manufacturing process. The direct trajectory interpolation on the surface (DTIS) method allows to obtain both a higher productivity and a better surface quality. Machining experiments carried out with an Open CNC on a 5-axis high-speed milling machine show the benefits of the proposed method compared to the classical strategies available with an industrial CNC.

Development and Research of Open CNC System Based on Motion Controller

A lab platform of Open Numerical Control System was designed to develop NC system based on PC and Motion Controller, a Master-Slave control system. The user interface application software was developed by C++ Builder and WINDOWS. It realized explanation and testing for bug function, data pretreatment function, NC code translation, NC simulation and execution, as well as motion controller function.

Development of G-Code Based on PMAC in CNC Machining Center

PMAC motion controllers serve not only as a receiver of the orders from CNC systems of many kinds, but also as a controller of the motion of machine tools’ axles. With G83 as an example, a code commonly seen in the processing cycle of deep holes in CNC machining centers, it is advisable to come up with a method to write a special set of subprograms to invoke PMAC motion controllers with the application of G-code. Based on the method, case programing and machining simulation can be launched. Experiments justify that the method obtained can realize the compiling of fixed cycles with the use of G-code and, in turn, boast substantial significance in the development of open CNC processing machine tools.

Research on Reconfigurable Method of Open CNC System Software Based on Linux

For the development requirements of high-performance, open CNC system. A reconfigurable and modular upper control software architecture of open CNC system is proposed based on PC+I/O card architecture and Linux software platform. Through this architecture users can quickly customize and develop the required CNC software. Structure model of module with three different levels and each module interfaces are mentioned. Basic consist of upper control software which is achieved by these structure model are introduced. Upper control software modules and communication mechanisms are described. Upper control software of the architecture is achieved on Linux operating system, and the simulation results is given.

A fine-interpolation-based parametric interpolation method with a novel real-time look-ahead algorithm

Parametric interpolation is presently supported by majority of CNC systems because of its various advantages over traditional linear/circular interpolation. Two stages (i.e. rough interpolation and fine interpolation) involved in parametric interpolation are complementary to each other in terms of affecting machining quality significantly. So far much work has been conducted to improve the machining process with various rough interpolation adjustments, while with little research on fine interpolation. To further alleviate the feedrate jump between two adjacent rough interpolation periods, a fine interpolating strategy implemented within one rough interpolation period can be utilized to make the feedrate alteration comparatively smooth. Meanwhile, an arc is adopted to substitute the linear path to reduce the chord errors caused by rough interpolation. Besides, as one of the major difficulties of parametric interpolation is the feedrate determination concerning a wide variety of technical parameters, a real-time look-ahead feedrate generation method which can determine the decelerating position rapidly and accurately is proposed in this paper. The look-ahead approach can generate the feedrate profile to satisfy the geometrical constraints and kinematical characteristics determined by machine tools. Finally, the proposed parametric interpolation method is performed in an open architecture CNC platform to machine parametric curves. The results are satisfactory and are able to verify the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

A new architecture of open CNC system based on compiling mode

Nowadays, the research of open CNC system based on PC has been the main focus of open CNC system technology. To improve the real-time performance of open CNC system, the embedded real-time OS such as RTX is widely used. However, there still remain several problems such as high development cost and difficulty and long-term investment cycle when adopt this method. On the other hand, the traditional interpretive mode to process G codes could bring some disadvantages, for example, limitation of interpolation algorithm. In this paper, a new kind of compiled-typed open CNC system is brought up. The architecture compiles the whole G codes into the object codes which are executable for the control system in the common Windows operating system and uses Ping-Pong mode to store object codes in the lower computer to lower the real-time requirement for the upper computer. Then the system prototype is developed, and the feasibility of compiled-typed CNC system is verified.

Wireless CNC Motion Controller Designed with PSoC

Numerical control (NC) technology is a kind of technology combined with electronics, machinery manufacturing, and other interdisciplinary combination of technologies. It is an important part of modern manufacturing. Currently, NC technology is developing towards the open CNC system with extensibility and interchangeability, while the modern electronic technology is developing towards the programmable technology and SoC (System-on-Chip) technology. However, current CNC controller designed with SoC is still in the research stage and not practical yet. In this paper, a practical CNC motion controller is built with modern PSoC (Programmable System-on-Chip) with wireless Ethernet interface. This controller has a high-performance microprocessor, numbers of free configurable analog and digital devices and IO (input/output) interfaces, and many kinds of communication interfaces. Therefore, it has good real-time control functions and communication functions. Experiments for controlling a three joint-axis engraving machine show that the controller can achieve high performance of parallel control of the three joint-axis linear interpolation and two joint-axis circular interpolation, and high performance of the trapezoidal and S-shape speed control. In addition, in order to reduce the impact to the motor and increase the system efficiency, a kind of look-ahead algorithm for velocity control with low time cost is used.

A Formal Specification Framework for Designing and Verifying Reliable and Dependable Software for CNC Systems

As a distributed computing system, a CNC system needs to be operated reliably, dependably, and safely. How to design reliable and dependable software and perform effective verification for CNC systems becomes an important research problem. In this paper, we propose a new modeling method called TTM/ATRTTL (timed transition models/all-time real-time temporal logics) for specifying CNC systems. TTM/ATRTTL provides full supports for specifying hard real time and feedback that are needed for modeling CNC systems. We also propose a verification framework with verification rules and theorems and implement it with STeP and SF2STeP. The proposed verification framework can check reliability, dependability, and safety of systems specified by our TTM/ATRTTL method. We apply our modeling and verification techniques on an open architecture CNC (OAC) system and conduct comprehensive studies on modeling and verifying a system controller that is the key part of OAC. The results show that our method can effectively model and verify CNC systems and generate CNC software that can satisfy system requirements in reliability, dependability, and safety.

Real-time Thermal Error Compensation Module for Intelligent Ultra Precision Turning Machine (iUPTM)

Accuracy & precision are 1he main requirements for ultra precision machine tools. Many factors affect 1he performance of 1he system 1hat in turns affect 1he product quality. Among all sources of errors, the thermo mechanical deformation errors are the main contributor for 1he overall geometrical errors. This paper mainly aims at establislunent of methodology to compensate thermal deformation errors in real-time for ultra precision machine tools. The real-time thermal error compensation module has been developed and integrated to intelligent Ultra Precision Turning machine. The module includes temperatures as inputs, neural network algorithm for computing the thermal deformations errors, ‘C’ programming for real-time calculations and integration with open architecture CNC controller. The module runs in silent mode which avoids human intervention for correction of thermal deformation errors.

An Approach to Building Specialized CNC Systems for Non-traditional Processes

New technologies, such as: additive, hybrid technologies based on new physical principles, machining of new (non-traditional) structures, etc., envisage new requirements for control systems. The tasks of controlling non-traditional processes go beyond the capability of classical open CNC systems which does not allow them to be used to solve the new range of tasks. An underlying computing platform enabling building on its base specialized CNC systems for non-traditional processes has been created. A limited and at the same time extensible set of software and hardware components that implement the new processing technologies has been defined, and a solution matrix for the subsequent synthesis of specialized CNC systems has been built. The procedure of the synthesis of specialized CNC systems is illustrated by an example of a five-axis water jet cutting machine and a machine for selective laser sintering.