Onomastic Space Research Articles

Onomastic component of the normative-scientific macrotext “Russian language” in a dynamic aspect

INTRODUCTION. The problem of the formation of the Russian linguistic personality, in particular its onomastic component, is the subject of numerous scientific studies, covering its various aspects, including within a certain period of time. However, the previously mentioned problem has not been considered in dynamics. The purpose of the study is to characterize the onomastic space of the macrotext “Russian Language” in a dynamic aspect in the period from the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was onyms identified in normative scientific texts of the 19th – early 21st centuries and supplemented with appellatives, which are written with a capital letter. The following methods were used: statistical, classification, comparative, et al.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The concept of the normativescientific macrotext “Russian language” is formulated, its structure and onomastic content are determined. In the normative-scientific texts of each period, the most frequent onyms are identified, forming the common core (invariant) of the onomastic space.CONCLUSION. The study confirmed the thesis that the central place in the onomastic space belongs to anthroponyms, which in large part are among the precedent names that are of great importance in the formation of the Russian linguistic personality. This conclusion convincingly emphasizes the special role of the academic subject “Russian language” in this process. The prospects of the work are associated with the expansion of the study of systemic relations within the onomastic space, identifying the content and structure of the associative-cultural background of its key units, establishing the specifics of the functioning of proper names in the texts of textbooks on the Russian language in comparison with normative-scientific texts on other subjects, et al.

Proper name in a normative scientific text

INTRODUCTION. The ability of a proper name to reflect both subject information and multifaceted background information puts it on a par with the main carrier of scientific knowledge – a term. In the study of linguistic expression of knowledge, the question of the role and place of onomastic vocabulary in the content of school education becomes relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the qualitative composition, quantitative parameters and nature of the relationship of proper names in the structure of existing educational texts, which will allow us to formulate requirements for the organization of the onomastic content of newly created texts.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was an array of proper names extracted by the method of continuous sampling from the texts of textbooks and programs on all subjects of general secondary education in the late 1980s – early 2000s. When processing the obtained material, presented in the Database format, analytical, comparative, field methods, elements of the statistical method were used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The total number and composition of onomastic units in educational texts were determined, the frequency and prevalence rates of these units were established, the core and peripheral components of this onomastic space were distinguished, the ratio of recurring and single onyms was revealed, their role in expressing subject knowledge was characterized, and the conditions for the optimal organization of educational onomastic space were formulated.CONCLUSION. The obtained data provide an idea of the volume and nature of the onomastic fragment of the generally binding scientific knowledge reflected in the normative scientific texts of the analyzed era. These results create the basis for the implementation of a systematic approach to the organization of onomastic vocabulary within the framework of normative scientific texts. Comparison of the obtained data with data from other time periods will allow us to determine the onomastic invariant and variable elements in different time concepts of the composition of basic onomastic knowledge.

Prototypical function of poetonym: idiostyle of G.R. Derzhavin

INTRODUCTION. The relevance of the study of the works of the great Russian poet G.R. Derzhavin, whose state activity is associated with the “Tambov period” in his poetic work, consists in the development of literary Tambov onomastics. The onomastic space of the poet's works reflects the cultural context of the Russian language, culturally marked proper names that perform the communicative function of the language, without which adequate communication between representatives of contacting linguacultures is impossible. The purpose of the study is to reveal the prototypical uniqueness of a proper name using the example of the poetonym Plenira in the works of G.R. Derzhavin.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was the poems of G.R. Derzhavin, which present the anthroponym Plenira, reflecting a bright poetic image and symbol of love and loss of a beloved woman in Russian literature. The study used a descriptive method, which consists in the consistent collection of anthroponymic material used in the works of G.R. Derzhavin; contextual and stylistic analysis, semiotic approach.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Using the example of the anthroponym Plenira, an idea is given of the prototypical function of the anthroponym, which is fundamental when considering the name of a character in a literary text.CONCLUSION. It has been established that the prototypical function of literary anthroponyms, closely connected with the thinking and mentality of a native speaker of Russian, contributes to the deepening of the theory of the functional potential of onomastic categories, rather than other functions of onyms.

ONOMASTIC SPACE OF KAZAKH AND BASHKIR LANGUAGES

This article discusses the theory naming system of the Kazakh and Bashkir languages. The main sections of Kazakh and Bashkir onomastics are described, the degree of study of its individual sections is analyzed, according to which the course of development of Kazakh and Bashkir onomastics is determined. Although the main sections of onomastics are currently studied in detail, its individual areas still require study and systematization. In this regard, the historical materials that were guided in the study of onomastic space make it possible to identify the linguistic connection of onomastic units, show their connection with the history and culture of the people, as well as to cite the continuity of some phenomena in the formation of historical Kazakh and Bashkir names with a certain period of public life. As a result, it is established that in the basic vocabulary of Kazakh and Bashkir names, along with common Turkic words, other elements are used, and the lack of consistency in modern Kazakh surname writing, and in modern Bashkir, models of writing a person's last name (patronymic) are formed in accordance with the word-forming patterns of the Russian language, are shown on the basis of specific language data.

Ономастическое пространство произведений Расула Гамзатова

The article examines the onomastic space of poetry by the outstanding poet of the 20th century Rasul Gamzatov. This study reveals the role of proper names in the poet’s work, reflects the im-portance of onyms in the realization of the creative idea of the works, in reflecting the individual author’s picture of the world. The article classifies proper names according to semantic and struc-tural categories. The analysis of onyms is conducted and their place in the “core-periphery” sys-tem of the onomastic field is determined. In the onomastic space of the works of the author under study, it was possible to identify the following types of onyms that can be classified as paratextu-al: designation, title, epigraph, dedication. During the analysis of the onomastic space, it was es-tablished that proper names, both intertextual and paratextual, play an important and organic role in the stylistic system of the author’s texts, since, possessing a wealth of semantic connections, complex associations and connotations, contribute to the formation of the general imagery of Rasul Gamzatov’s works.

Features of onyms in M. Karim’s works

Onomastics in fiction is a promising, young, but a rapidly developing branch of knowledge in linguistics. It expresses the importance of onomastic material in different ways, and its inclusion in scientific circulation covers the study of a wide range of historical, geographical and linguistic issues, starting from ancient times to the present time.Onyms are an important component of the semantic and stylistic system in the author’s use of language in fiction. They organically and willingly join the system of linguistic means of a literary text, participate in the formation of the work’s overall expressiveness, entering the author’s lexicon as an important indicator of the author’s style and creating an “onomastic space” of the work.Onyms in Bashkir, as well as in many Turkic languages, arouse the interest of many scientists. This article studies structural and word-formation features in the work of the national Bashkortostan poet Mustai Karim. A characteristic feature of the great writer’s literary texts is the use of word-formation suffixes in the onym formation in a work of fiction. In addition, we explored the components of these words. The study of the word formation structure and system of the presented lexemes proves that they will always comply with the norms of the Bashkir language.

The place of biblionyms in the onomastic space

The place of biblionyms in the onomastic space

Linguosemiotics of Proper Names in Novel ‘Night Watch’ by S. Lukyanenko

This article addresses the issue of linguosemiotic interpretation of proper names functioning in a literary text. The research aims to identify the linguosemiotic specificity of onyms through which the fantastic world of the work in the urban fantasy genre is constructed. The primary source of the study is S. Lukyanenko’s novel “Night Watch,” which served as the basis for the creation of the “Watch Universe” literary cycle. For the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the onomastic continuum (over 300 words) denoting the real and unreal world is conducted. A classification of the material forming the onomastic space of the text is proposed. The names of the characters in the work are examined: anthroponyms, mythoanthroponyms, neomythonyms. Contextual, componential, corpus-based, linguostylistic, and structurally-semiotic analysis methods are applied to establish the role of onyms in shaping artistic images, spatial organization of the work, and authorial idiolect. The decoding procedure of the ‘hidden meanings’ of onyms is carried out by utilizing techniques of etymological data semanticization. It is demonstrated that onomastic world modeling is implemented in the novel: character names serve as image-centric signs, anthropogroups categorize the Light and Dark as an East-West confrontation. Among the main functions of onyms are metatextual, allusive, and axiological.

“Love Science not in Yourself Alone”: Review of the XXI International Scientific Conference “Onomastics of the Volga Region”

The article describes the scope of onomastic research outlined at the XXI International Scientific Conference “Onomastics of the Volga Region”, which took place on October 3-5, 2023 at Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin. At plenary and panel sessions, reports were heard and discussed on the theoretical and methodological aspects of onomastics, modern problems of anthroponymy and ethnonymy, toponymy and microtoponymy; the study of urban onomastic space, literary and folklore onomastics, as well as onomastic periphery (studies of zoonyms, theonyms and onomastic units of other categories). For the first time, separate thematic blocks were composed of reports examining the possibilities of using onomastic material (in particular, local history) at school and university, as well as the peculiarities of the functioning of onyms as parts of proverbs. As a result of the conference, priority areas of onomastics of the 21st century were revealed, controversial issues and research prospects were identified.

What do the most frequent anthroponyms say in the framework of the discipline "Classical Literature"

The article is devoted to the most frequent anthroponymic lexemes that are used within the framework of the discipline "Classical Literature". The subject of the research was the upper part (the first ten in terms of frequency of anthroponyms) of the frequency dictionary, compiled on the basis of textbooks on the specified subject area. Anthroponyms are presented in the article both in a short and in their full version, that is, taking into account cognomen or prenomen. The research methodology consists in a combination of quantitative automated and manual analysis, and contextual analysis was also applied. The scientific novelty of the conducted research lies in the differentiation of thematic and non-thematic anthroponyms and in identifying the reasons for the usage of names in sections and chapters of the textbook that are not devoted to them. In the course of the research, it was found out that the fundamental factor that influences the quantitative indicators of the use of a particular lexeme is the thematic affiliation of a particular textbook. This approach makes it possible to distinguish the center (where the frequency thematic anthroponyms are located) and the periphery (where the infrequent non-thematic anthroponyms are located) of the onomastic space. In addition to this difference, common indicators for all textbooks were also identified. Most of the units (49 from 50) included in the top ten in frequency are used in the content of textbooks not only in the sections devoted to them, but also in others, which deal with other personalities. Such usage of the names of real historical figures suggests an increase in their importance within the framework of the discipline "Classical Literature". In addition, it was possible to identify and classify the reasons for such use of names.

ONOMASTIC SPACE OF LESYA UKRAINKA’S CORRESPONDENCE

This paper is devoted to the study of onomastic space in the letters of Lesya Ukrainka. For the purpose of conducting this research, writer’s letters were thoroughly examined. The novelty of this research lies in it being the first one to present a comprehensive analysis of onomastic lexis in Lesya Ukrainka’s letters, which should provide for an objective analysis of texts and facilitate better understanding of their connotative potential.
 Proper names constitute a remarkably multilevel component of her letters possessing numerous possibilities for the generation of semantic and expressive distinctiveness in addition to presenting author’s point of view and revealing psychological and intellectual potential of the reader.
 The core of onomastic space of analyzed letters is composed of anthroponyms which perform the function of identification, characterization, and evaluation in Lesya Ukrainka’s correspondence. Their selection in analyzed letters is dictated by the thematic focus, national coloring, and author’s views. The second largest group is comprised of titles of literary works, followed by toponyms and names of media outlets occupying the periphery of onomastic space in analyzed correspondence and only having the function of nomination and identification.
 The most frequent units among hypocoristics in Lesya Ukrainka’s letters are the well-known two-syllable variants of full names in Ukraine, which indicate a decrease in the social distance between the respondents. Less frequent ones were formed with the help of specific diminutive suffixes (-ochk, -is).
 Letters of Lesya Ukrainka exemplify the new stage in the development of Ukrainian correspondence, since if Shevchenko and Kulish in their letters undergo a smooth shift from the so-called "Kotliarevshchyna" to the expression of personal "I", Lesya Ukrainka’s correspondence reflects the true intellectual wealth of her personality.

ИМЕНА И ОБРАЗЫ В ПОВЕСТИ "АМЕНА" А.К. ТОЛСТОГО

The article reveals the originality of the onomastic space and the figurative system of the fantastic novel “Amena” by A.K. Tolstoy: the specifics of the poetonimikon, the participation of the names and images of the characters in the development of the plot, modeling the Gothic chronotope, forming a retrospective of the text, and embodying the ideological and thematic originality of the work. The names and images of the story express the motive of duality, the author’s concept of romantic bigamy, play a key role in shaping the idea of the idiostyle of the early romantic prose of A.K. Tolstoy.

Гидронимическое пространство Адыгеи: структурная и семантическая организация

The paper deals with the actual issues of regional onomastic space. The names of linear hydro objects – rivers flowing through the territory of the Adyghe Republic are in the focus of consideration. The variety of Adyghe stems and formants, which constitute hydronyms, is represented. The models of such nominations coining are characterized, their productivity is identified. The analysis of etymological, cultural, and ethnolinguistic aspects has enabled the author to conclude that the Adyghe toponyms mostly retained the internal form and connection with the objects that served as the source of nominations. The semantic types of designations, including "nature", "man", "landmark in space" have been identified. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the hydronyms of Adyghe Republic represent a certain system of names that reflected the ethnolinguistic picture of the world and the place of a person in it. A comprehensive analysis resulted in structuring the hydronymic space of the region, taking into account systemic relations and interrelations within the subsystem. All hydronyms are combined into a toponymic field, the core of which is topobases, the most frequent in hydronyms and oikonyms derived from them and having the widest semantics. In the center there are units formed according to three semantic types and to productive word-formation models. On the periphery of the field under consideration, there are hydronyms formed on the basis of archaic derivational formants, roots according to unproductive derivational models, but their reference to the selected semantic types is preserved. The suggested approach to the study of hydronyms is applicable to other classes of toponyms, which include the names, traditionally associated with the regional landscape and comprising the regional onomastic field.

Semantic and Pragmatic Characteristics of Pharmacy Ergonyms in Sweden and Great Britain

Semantic and pragmatic characteristics of pharmacy ergonyms in Sweden and Great Britain. The analysis o the functioning of ergonyms in the onomastic space of different linguistic cultures is aimed at clarifying the idea of nominative processes in ergonyms. The material of the study was the names of pharmacies obtained by the method of continuous sampling from open sources (about 100 units). As a result of the study, semantic groups of ergonyms were identified, trends in their nomination were specified, and pragmatic characteristics were determined. It has been established that the leading trends in the nomination of pharmacies in Sweden and the UK are conservatism and symbolization. In the Swedish onomasticon, nominations containing zoonyms are the predominant type of pharmacy ergonyms (this is a tradition of naming pharmacies that has historically developed in this region), while the formation of names of pharmacies based on toponyms and anthroponyms is more typical for the UK. It is noted that for both linguistic cultures, the use of lexemes with a positive evaluative connotation in pharmacy ergonyms is typical. The common semantic feature of pharmaceutical ergonyms in Sweden and Great Britain is the creation of associative links with ideas about nature, naturalness, environmental safety, the signs of which are, in particular, green color, images of animals or plants.

ONOMASTIC UNITS IN TALAS WRITTEN MONUMENTS

The paper summarizes and etymologically analyzes onomastic units in the group of Talas monuments belonging to ancient Turkic monuments. Although ancient Turkic monuments have been studied in terms of genre, written language, and alphabetic features, in terms of literary criteria, the onomastic space in ancient texts they have not been fully considered. In particular, the relevance of the topic is determined by the absence of proper names in the Talas monuments, which are small in size.The purpose of the study is to identify the onomastic space in the Talas monuments, which was not previously considered, and to conduct an etymological analysis of each onomastic unit. In connection with this goal, it is planned to perform the following tasks: provide information about the discovery and study of Talas monuments; dial all the proper names in the Talas monuments and divide them into onomastic types; group the found onomastic units by type and perform an etymological analysis of each; identification of common features of proper names in the Talas monuments with the Yenisei, Orkhon onomastic units.The author compares the previously expressed opinion, and conclusions about the meaning of historical names, and then offers his own conclusions. The study used retrospective analysis, description, grouping, and comparativehistorical methods characteristic of linguistics. Due to the peculiar difficulty of deciphering the etymology of historical, ancient names, the author notes that the predictive nature of the conclusions proposed by him prevails. Nevertheless, it is not difficult to see that etymological analyzes have been made quite successfully. In the introductory part of the research paper, small information about the discovery and study of Talas monuments, the specifics of the appointment, and the timing of the appointment are given. Scientists who read and translated Talas monuments include V. V. Radlov, P. M. Melioransky, G. Geikel, S. E. Malov, Yu. Nemet, H. N. Orkun, A. S. Amanzholov, etc. He was a turkologist-scientists, mainly engaged in such things as the correct reading of texts written in stone, transcription, translation into modern Turkic languages, the definition of the genre, and comparison of historical data. And the onomastic units in the Talas meters have not been studied separately. Some researchers leave only comments on open proper names, the meaning of which is clear. For example, Professor A. S. Amanzholov adds his own etymology to the anthroponym Udun ("Skverny") at the monument to Ayyrtam-Oi. The anthroponym was not isolated from the text and did not make a separate analysis.The translation of proper names found in the Talas texts was taken by professors I. A. Batmanov and A. S. Amanzholov. The correct names found in about 20 monuments found in the Talas River Valley were analyzed etymologically. In particular, anthroponym, ethnonym, and toponym types of proper names were typed. Since most of the ancient Turkic monuments are written in the epitaphic genre, it is quite natural that the share of anthroponyms among these texts prevails, so 17 antroponyms were identified and linguistic analysis was carried out. In addition to that, two ethnonyms, and one toponym, met. Not all ancient monuments have proper names, however, even this small group can provide quite rich linguistic and historical information. In the final part of the paper, the specific features of the onomastic space in the Talas monuments, their connection with proper names in the Yenisei and Orkhon texts, and valuable conclusions were made regarding the history of ancient Turkic writing. It is proved that the Talas-Yenisei-Orkhon written monuments were written in one language. These findings are a novelty of the paper.

Anniversary of the International Scientific Conference "Onomastics of the Volga Region"

The article describes the range of onomastic studies identified at the XX International Scientific Conference "Onomastics of the Volga Region", which took place October 5‒7, 2022 at the Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov with the assistance of the Russian Society of Teachers of the Russian Language and Literature. At the plenary and breakout sessions, reports were heard and discussed on the consideration of the theoretical and methodological aspects of onomastics (including the use of onomastic material in the educational process), modern problems of anthroponymy and ethnonymy, toponymy and microtoponymy; the study of urban onomastic space, literary and folklore onomastics, as well as onomastic periphery and appellative-onomastic borderland. For the first time, individual thematic blocks made reports that dealt with the issues of zoonymy, microtoponymy, theonymy and ethnonymy. As a result of the conference, the actual tasks of onomastics of the 21st century were identified, debatable issues and research prospects were identified.

THE FUNCTIONAL-SYNONYMIC PECULIARITY OF FRENCH LITERARY ONYMS

The literary onym is one of the main structural elements of the onomastic space of a literary text. The problem of studying this literary category is to identify their main features, features of functioning in the structure of a literary text, as well as to study the role of contextual synonymy in creating images of literary characters. The article analyzes the views of researchers on the problems of literary onomastics, clarifies the terminological apparatus. The article analyses the main distinguishing features of onyms, such as their secondary nature, as well as semantic load. Literary onyms are characterized by a number of functions in a work of fiction. They can perform nominative, ideological, characterizing, aesthetic, symbolic functions. The study revealed that the main functions of proper names in the analyzed works are recognized as nominative and characterizing, and in some cases symbolic. Creating a literary image of a character, the author uses a variety of linguistic means, in particular contextual synonymy based on metaphorical transfer. The conclusion confirms the idea that literary onyms are an additional mechanism in a work of fiction, which is designed to create a more capacious, versatile image of literary characters

Onomastic Space of Ekaterinburg: Level-Based Markers of Regional Identity

The paper examines the onomastic space of the city of Ekaterinburg containing regional linguocultural information through the lens of a three-level model of onymic identity markers as “part of the collective regional identity manifested in general language and speech activity” (Marina V. Golomidova). This space is formed by a set of urban proper names with different scope of reference — from the astyonym naming the city, through urbanonyms naming districts, streets, and other urban topographical objects, to advertising names in the broad sense of the word. On the first level, the authors describe the stages of the city’s renaming (Ekaterinburg / Sverdlovsk), analyze colloquial stylistic variants of the astyonym, identify figurative appellations motivated by the modern socio-political situation. The class of urbanonyms, markers of the second level of regional identity, includes the names of streets, squares, parks, alleys, boulevards, districts, metro stations, individual buildings, as well as names of residential complexes. Amongst this variety, several naming themes related to the regional features of Ekaterinburg were identified and analyzed. The third level of regional identity markers is a group of advertising names regarded as any product name in the broadest sense of the word: these are the names of commercial enterprises (ergonyms), names of mass media (hemeronyms), names of festivals, competitions, concerts (georthonyms), names vehicles (poreonyms). These names are coined for marketing needs and pursue the ideas of the name giver. The large number of regionally marked advertising names in the onomastic space of Ekaterinburg indicates to the residents’ awareness of the unique character of the territory, the positivity of its perception, emotional connection, and regional identity. Advertising names continue and develop the naming themes set by the previous levels.

Семантика абионимов в романе С. Снегова «Люди как боги»

The article studies the onomastic space of the science fiction trilogy “People as Gods” by the Soviet science fiction writer of the second half of the 20th century. Literary abionyms related to the habitats of the heroes of the work are in the focus of the research. It is noted that the space objects of the solar system in the novel retain all real names, on the contrary, the forces hostile to humanity are distinguished by invented names that reflect the specifics of their life philosophy and destructive activity in space. The significance of another literary abionyms in the novel is determined. The author comes to the conclusion that the onomastic space of the work is connected with the writer’s picture of the world, who models the possible path of development of human civilization, based on the priority of the moral law. Literary abionyms perform an ideological and aesthetic function and at the same time endow the novel with additional deep meanings that contribute to a more holistic perception of artistic reality.

ONOMASTIC SPACE IN THE WORK OF RABGUZI “QISAS AL-ANBIYA” (BASED ON THE STORY “ADAM AND EVE”)

The article considers the onomastic space in the work of Rabguzi “Qisas al-Anbiya”, the ethnolinguistic nature of the onomastic names found in the story. When using onomastic names and determining the function of onomastic names in order to convey information in a story, the author's thought and the rights of the author in the story were taken into account.
 The system of names in the onomastic space of the Kazakh and Turkic peoples in their current form is a product of the centuries-old collective thought of the peoples and tribes that lived in each historical period, a common spiritual creation in the cultural sense. The onomastic names found in the relic of Rabguzi “Qisas al-Anbiya” determine the realities of everyday life, history, experience, economic culture and worldview, traditions and beliefs of the language community of that time. In this prose story, the language and history, cultural values, religious and personal views of the Turks are presented through the knowledge of the author.
 The story contains the names of sheikhs who preached Islam to the Muslim community, the names of the heroes of the work, caliphs, prophets, saints and companions, angels, their nicknames and derivative names. In linguistics, the relevance of studying the language of the story in the works of Rabguzi, especially its onomastics, is growing.
 The need to study the onomastics of the story “Adam and Eve” is determined by the preservation in the monument of archaisms lost in the language. As a result of studying the article, we drew attention to the wide scope of onyms in the story and to the fact that onomastic names are language symbols that are ready to express any concept related to a given environment. Therefore, it is very important for us to understand the essence of this work.