Online Library Research Articles

RETRACTION: Structural Characteristics and Development Model of Fluid Diapirs Within the Structural Transition Zone, Northern South China Sea

RETRACTION: Y. Qin, C. Liu, G. Peng, L. Huang, C. Liang, H. Li, Z. Wu and L. Yang, “,” Geological Journal 59, no. (2024): 1906–1923, https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.4968. The above article, published online on 28 April 2024 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Ian D. Somerville and Yunpeng Dong; and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed as some of the data included within the article was not authorized for publication. Furthermore, the authors are not confident that the fluid diapir labels shown in figure 7 are correct and admit they may be problematic. As a result the editors have decided to retract this article.

Correlation Between Climate Change and Parasitic Infections in Australian

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between climate change and parasitic infections in Australian. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The correlation between climate change and parasitic infections in Australia reveals significant relationships influenced by changing environmental conditions. Research indicates that rising temperatures and altered rainfall patterns create favorable habitats for parasites and their vectors, leading to increased transmission rates of diseases such as Ross River virus and malaria. Additionally, extreme weather events, such as floods and droughts, contribute to the spread of waterborne parasites and disrupt traditional patterns of infection. The findings suggest that as climate change continues to impact Australia, public health systems may face heightened challenges in managing and mitigating the risks associated with parasitic infections. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Ecological niche theory, disease ecology theory & one health concept may be used to anchor future studies on correlation between climate change and parasitic infections in Australian. Implement and refine surveillance systems that monitor parasitic infections in relation to climate data. Advocate for the integration of climate change considerations into health policies related to parasitic infections.

Relationship between Livestock Vaccination Programs and Mortality Rates in India

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between livestock vaccination programs and mortality rates in India. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Vaccination programs for livestock in India significantly reduce mortality rates, particularly in cattle, sheep, and goats. Comprehensive vaccination decreases the incidence of infectious diseases, enhances herd immunity, and improves overall productivity. Regions with strong vaccination coverage see better livestock health and increased farmer livelihoods. Economic analyses show that the benefits of reduced mortality and increased productivity often outweigh the costs, highlighting the need for ongoing investment in veterinary health services and education to promote widespread vaccination. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Health belief model (HBM), theory of planned behavior (TPB) & diffusion of innovations theory may be used to anchor future studies on the relationship between livestock vaccination programs and mortality rates in India. Practically, there is a need to strengthen the infrastructure for vaccine distribution, especially in remote and underserved areas. Policymakers should develop and enforce policies that support the expansion and optimization of livestock vaccination programs.

Comparative Analysis of Avian Malaria Prevalence in Rural Vs. Urban Settings in Kenya

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the comparative analysis of avian malaria prevalence in rural vs. urban settings in Kenya. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study found that avian malaria was more prevalent in urban areas, likely due to higher mosquito populations and altered land use patterns that facilitate vector breeding. In contrast, rural areas exhibited lower prevalence, attributed to more extensive natural habitats that support diverse bird species and reduce mosquito density. Additionally, environmental factors such as temperature and humidity were found to play crucial roles in disease transmission, with urban settings experiencing more favorable conditions for mosquito proliferation. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Ecological niche theory, urban heat island effect & environmental determinants of health theory may be used to anchor future studies on comparative analysis of avian malaria prevalence in rural vs. urban settings in Kenya. Implement targeted vector control measures in urban areas to reduce mosquito breeding sites and manage environmental factors contributing to higher avian malaria prevalence. Formulate and implement policies that address the intersection of urbanization and wildlife health.

Effects of Dietary Changes on Feline Obesity in Cats in the United States

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the effects of dietary changes on feline obesity in cats in the United States. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Recent studies indicate that dietary changes play a crucial role in addressing feline obesity in the United States. Research shows that transitioning to high-protein, low-carbohydrate diets can significantly reduce weight gain and promote healthier body conditions in cats. Additionally, the incorporation of portion control and feeding schedules, alongside the use of specialized weight management foods, has been linked to effective weight loss in overweight felines. The findings also highlight the importance of increasing fiber content in cat diets, which aids in satiety and reduces overall calorie intake. Furthermore, educating pet owners about the impact of treats and the need for regular veterinary consultations can enhance dietary compliance and improve feline health outcomes. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Energy balance theory, obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) theory & behavioral theory of eating may be used to anchor future studies on the effects of dietary changes on feline obesity in cats in the United States. Practically, to address feline obesity, pet owners and veterinarians should adopt several evidence-based dietary strategies. From a policy perspective, several key actions are recommended to address feline obesity on a broader scale.

Impact of Urbanization on Canine Health in Germany

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the impact of urbanization on canine health in Germany. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Urbanization in Germany has significantly impacted canine health, with findings indicating both positive and negative effects. On the positive side, urban areas provide access to veterinary services, pet-friendly facilities, and socialization opportunities, which can enhance dogs' overall well-being. However, the challenges of urban living, such as increased pollution, noise, and reduced green spaces, contribute to health issues like respiratory problems, anxiety, and obesity in dogs. Additionally, urbanization often leads to a higher incidence of canine diseases due to close contact with other animals and people. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Environmental stress theory, one health approach & urban ecology theory may be used to anchor future studies on the impact of urbanization on canine health in Germany. Integrate canine health considerations into urban planning and design. Advocate for stricter environmental regulations to control air and noise pollution in urban areas. Policy measures could include implementing and enforcing air quality standards, promoting the use of low-emission vehicles, and regulating industrial activities that contribute to pollution.

Whole body vibration therapy and diabetes type 2: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundVibration platforms have demonstrated systemic effects generated by the use of mechanical vibrations, which are similar to those of any physical activity. The effect that whole body vibration (WBV) generates on the organism could be recommended in Diabetes Mellitus 2 (DM 2) patients.ObjectiveTo systematically review and meta-analyze the available evidence on the effects of WBV on glycemic control in patients with DM 2Material and methodsExhaustive bibliographic searches were carried out until October 2023 in different biomedical portals and databases: Public Medline (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), VHL Regional Portal, Cochrane Central and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). Randomized clinical trials based on the effects of Whole Body Vibration on glycosylated hemoglobin levels, with control group and participants were non-insulin dependent were the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers extracted data independently. A third reviewer was available for discrepancies.ResultsSix articles with 223 participants met the criteria and were included in the systematic review; only four of them met the criteria to be part of the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis reveals a positive and significant effect size (μ ê=0.5731), indicating a substantial difference between the groups studied. Although there is some variability between studies (heterogeneity of 30.05%), the overall direction of the effects is consistent. These findings conclusively suggest the presence of a significant influence of the variable evaluated, underscoring the robustness and consistency of the relationship observed in the literature reviewed.ConclusionThere are no conclusive results due to the lack of data for some variables, which prevents comparison; but WBV may be an effective therapy to improve glycemic control in DM 2 patients. More studies with more patients and longer follow-up are needed.

RETRACTION: Antisense inhibition of Bcr-Abl/c-Abl synthesis promotes telomerase activity and upregulates tankyrase in human leukemia cells.

R. Bakalova, H. Ohba, Z. Zhelev, T. Kubo, M. Fujii, M. Ishikawa, Y. Shinohara, and Y. Baba, 'Antisense inhibition of Bcr-Abl/c-Abl synthesis promotes telomerase activity and upregulates tankyrase in human leukemia cells,' FEBS Letters 564, no. 1-2 (2004): 73-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00318-7. The above article, published online on 9 April 2004 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Michael Brunner; FEBS Press; the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. Following publication, concerns were raised by a third-party regarding several figures in the article. The subsequent institutional investigation conducted by the AIST revealed: Inappropriate duplication of image panels within the article, between the β-actin loading controls for 4 and 6 days in the Western blot of Fig. 2A K-562; between the subpanels of the electrophoresis blots in Fig. 4A K-562 and Jurkat cells; and between the subpanels of the electrophoresis blots in Fig. 6B. Band insertion in the Western blot of Fig. 6A p210 Bcr-Ab lane. Inappropriate duplication of images between this article (Fig. 2A K562 β-actin and Fig. 4B K562 6 days treatment bands) and an earlier publication from 2003 by an overlapping group of authors representing different experimental conditions. Inappropriate duplication and modification of an image between this article (Figure 3A2) and an earlier publication from 2004 by an overlapping group of authors representing different experimental conditions. Therefore, the conclusions of the paper are substantially compromised and the institute has recommended the paper to be retracted. The editors of the journal agree with the retraction based on the institutional investigation.

A Synthetic View on Acanthamoeba Keratitis Host Immune Response: Potential Factors Influencing the Development of Chronic Inflammation

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compile the current knowledge concerning Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) host immune response to better understand the elements involved in the chronification of inflammation and worse disease outcomes. Methods: A scoping review of the literature on AK host immune response was written after a systematic literature search was performed on the PubMed, Latin American Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases. Recovered articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the selected studies were analyzed to compile the review. Results: The search strategy yielded a total of 768 articles from all searched databases. After the exclusion of duplicate records, 412 studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, a total of 95 articles were selected to compile this review, of which 15 were included as additional bibliography. As for study type, 45 were experimental, 19 were observational, 23 were case reports, and 8 were reviews. Conclusions: From the literature, both innate and adaptive immune systems seem to play an important role in AK control and resolution. On the other hand, there is also abundant evidence pointing out that the development of chronic and extracorneal inflammation is immune mediated and is influenced by several factors such as individual patient genetic variability, inadequate treatment, and Acanthamoeba strain pathogenicity.

RETRACTION: Zebularine Enhances Apoptosis of Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Suppressing Methylation of ARHI.

K. Ye, S. Wang, J. Wang, H. Han, B. Ma and Y. Yang, "Zebularine Enhances Apoptosis of Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Suppressing Methylation of ARHI," Cancer Science 107, no. 12 (2016): 1851-1857, https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.13088. The above article, published online on 29 September 2016 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Masanori Hatakeyama; the Japanese Cancer Association; and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation into concerns raised by a third party, which revealed that the western blots presented in figure4a and 4d contain duplicated bands. Furthermore, duplications were found between bands within figure4d itself, some of which appear to have been horizontally flipped. The authors did not respond to the concerns raised and did not provide their original data. The editors consider the results and conclusion reported in this article unreliable.

RETRACTION: Serum Cadmium Positively Correlates With Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Y.-L. Jiang, J. Fei, P. Cao, C. Zhang, M.-M. Tang, J.-Y. Cheng, H. Zhao, and L. Fu, "Serum Cadmium Positively Correlates With Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease," Environmental Toxicology 37, no. 1 (2022): 151-160, https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.23386. The above article, published online on 15 October 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors; the journal Editor-in-Chief, Paul B. Tchounwou; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed upon following concerns raised by a third party regarding the data presented in the article. The authors collaborated on the investigation into the raised concerns and provided the underlying raw data for the presented study. An independent evaluation of the dataset revealed inaccuracies in the statistical analysis, which affected the interpretability of the results. Accordingly, the absence of demonstrated associations between age and chronic conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic disease, in the study's subjects raises serious doubts about the validity of the findings. Consequently, the editors have deemed the article's conclusions unreliable. The authors acknowledged the mistakes made during manuscript preparation and apologize for the inconvenience caused.

FATORES ASSOCIADOS À QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE CUIDADORES DE IDOSOS COM DEMÊNCIA

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the quality of life of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's dementia. An integrative literature review study was conducted using the secondary databases Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Online System for Search and Analysis of Medical Literature based on the specific descriptors retrieved in the Health Sciences Descriptors. The factors associated with the quality of life of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's dementia were burden, functional decline and dependence of the elderly to perform activities of daily living, degree of dementia severity, longer time since diagnosis and living with the demented elderly, socioeconomic conditions, psychological stress and decline in social relationships, environment domain, psychological and physical. It is essential that care is also cared for, both from the point of view of health and in relation to public policies of social security and assistance.

FATORES ASSOCIADOS AOS TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS COMUNS ENTRE PROFESSORES

Objective: To identify the main common mental disorders identified among teachers. Materials and methods: This is a literature review with research in several virtual libraries, such as the nursing database (DENF), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Results: Stress is one of the most common problems faced, characterized by a state of permanent tension, causes an intense imbalance in the body, which can trigger several serious diseases. Conclusion: The lack of motivation to work is one of the main factors that lead many teachers to look for other jobs and suffer from mental illnesses. The revaluation of education professionals, together with better salaries and a decent workload, would lead to a greater demand for the area and a better quality of life.

Review of triage strategies for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance among young women.

In the present study we reviewed the existing literature regarding management approaches for ASC-US and highlight their pros and cons. The ASC-US entity emerged from Bethesda classification 2001. We conducted this review using search words ASC-US triage, ASC-US management in young women, triage tests for ASC-US, and ASC-US outcome from the English literature. We included different cervical cancer policies (American, European and for WHO) and research articles published on ASC-US in young women from the year 2001. We searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE (NCBI) library, Embase (Elsevier), Wiley online library as well as Cochrane library. We defined young women as aged 30 years and below. We identified 52 articles which focused on management approaches of ASC-US, seven articles focused on young women aged <30 years. Five of these articles combined ASC-US with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-US/LSIL) while only two addressed ASC-US as a standalone entity. The limited number of articles restricts the evidence base supporting the adoption of triage strategies. There is yet, no consensus in the literature regarding the management of ASC-US, more so in young women below the age of 30 years. Researchers, however, agree on a few aspects, which include the necessity for applying a conservative strategy for managing ASC-US in young women, avoiding direct referral for colposcopy at the initial detection of ASC-US, and avoiding the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing on young women (unless living with HIV). Newer techniques such as HPV E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA), and dual staining p16/ki-67, may serve as better triage to identify cases of HPV persistence and integration which may subsequently lead to preinvasive or invasive lesions.

The Efficacy of Manual Therapy on Musculoskeletal Pain in Menopause: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of manual therapy for musculoskeletal pain in menopausal women. (2) Methods: A comprehensive search of manuscripts published from inception until 29 February 2024 was conducted on PubMed, EBSCO Information Services (EBSCOhost), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (Pedro), Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, and Scopus using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free terms. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigating the effects of manual therapy for musculoskeletal pain in postmenopausal women were included. Articles published in non-English or non-Portuguese languages, case reports, expert opinions, dissertations, conference papers, and gray literature were excluded. Studies were screened for population, musculoskeletal pain, intervention, and pain outcome by two independent reviewers using an ad hoc data extraction form. (3) Results: A total of 5 RCTs (4 with high risk of bias and 1 with low risk of bias) were included (total sample = 245), addressing thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis, thoracic kyphosis, chronic neck and backache, knee osteoarthritis, and sternocostal joint pain. The combined results of these studies showed improved musculoskeletal pain in menopausal women; duration of the follow-up was between 4 weeks to 6 months. Conclusions: The majority of studies included in this systematic review were effective in reducing musculoskeletal pain in menopausal women. These results come mainly from studies with a high risk of bias with small sample sizes, and the most representative follow-up period was short-term. Therefore, the results of this systematic review should be interpreted with caution.

RETRACTION: Identification of Nrf2/STAT3 Axis in Induction of Apoptosis Through Sub-G1 Cell Cycle Arrest Mechanism in HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells.

I. Tajmohammadi, J. Mohammadian, M. Sabzichi, S. Mahmuodi, M. Ramezani, M. Aghajani, and F. Ramezani, "Identification of Nrf2/STAT3 Axis in Induction of Apoptosis Through Sub-G1 Cell Cycle Arrest Mechanism in HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells," Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 120, no. 8 (2019): 14035-14043, https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.28678. The above article, published online on 16 April 2019 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Christian Behl; and Wiley Periodicals, LLC. The retraction has been agreed due to concerns raised by a third party on the data presented in the article. Specifically, some image elements in Figure 4, where found to have been published elsewhere in a different scientific context. The authors did not provide a satisfactory explanation to address the concerns. For these reasons, the editors have lost trust in the accuracy and integrity of the full body of data presented in the article and consider its conclusions invalid. All authors have been informed of the decision of retraction. The corresponding author Fatemeh Ramezani, first author Issa Tajmohammadi, and Coauthor Mehdi Sabzichi disagree with the decision of retraction. Coauthor Marjan Aghajani has stated that she did not directly participate in the experiments conducted for the study, and that her role was limited to manuscript editing and language polishing; she neither agreed nor disagreed with the decision of retraction. No confirmation was obtained by the remaining co-authors.

The complete anatomy of the azygos vein: a meta-analysis with clinical implications.

The azygos vein (AV) plays a crucial role in the mediastinal region, exhibiting considerable variability in its anatomy and relationship with surrounding structures. This study aims to assess the morphometry and anatomy of the AV through a comprehensive meta-analysis of studies reporting extractable data on this vessel. Major online medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SciELO, BIOSIS, Current Content Connect, Korean Journal Database and Wiley online library were searched to gather all relevant studies regarding the anatomical characteristics of the AV. The results of the present meta-analysis comprised 40 studies, categorized into eight groups for data analysis. The mean AV diameter at its origin was set at 3.86 mm (SE = 0.84). The most prevalent was type IIB, with a prevalence of 40.23% (95% CI: 29.06-51.92%). The pooled prevalence of the right subcostal and right ascending lumbar veins forming the AV was 73.82% (95% CI: 55.77-88.67%). The AV exhibits a high degree of variability regarding its origin, trajectory, and connections with the hemiazygos system. The most prevalent type of AV, according to the Anson and McVay classification, was Type II (transitional type). Moreover, the vein was found to be formed by the right subcostal and the right ascending lumbar veins in the majority of the cases. This is the most comprehensive and current assessment of AV morphometry and anatomy to date. The findings are a valuable resource for physicians, especially surgeons performing various procedures in the mediastinum.

Epidemiology of intrapartum stillbirth and associated factors among women who gave childbirth in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundStillbirth always resulted in a multi-dimensional impact from the individual level to the country level at large. It causes psychological depression, social stigmatization, and decreased quality of life for women. Despite several studies conducted in Ethiopia, no national pooled estimates were done. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis sought to assess intrapartum stillbirth and associated factors among women who had childbirth in Ethiopia using the available published evidence.MethodsThe current review included studies conducted in Ethiopia. The databases used primarily were Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Ethiopian University Repository Online, CINAHL, African Journals Online and Cochrane Library. All cross-sectional studies conducted in English and met eligibility criteria were included in the final review. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Data extraction and analysis were also performed using Microsoft Excel and STATA version 14 software respectively.ResultsIn the current review, eleven studies were included, and their quality was assessed before being chosen for the final review. The pooled prevalence of intrapartum stillbirth among women who had childbirth in Ethiopia was 9.21% [95% CI (7.03%, 11.39%); I2 = 90.2, P = 0.000]. Women with a previous history of stillbirth [OR = 5.14, 95% CI (3.53–6.75), I2 = 60.0%, p = 0.04] and had no use of antenatal care {[OR = 0.43, 95% CI (0.18–0.68) I2 = 85.3%, p = 0.001]} were significantly associated with intrapartum stillbirth among women who gave childbirth. ConclusionsNearly one-tenth of women who had childbirth in Ethiopia had an intrapartum SB. Revitalizing the existing health extension package particularly family health services with emphasis on focused antenatal care and counselling as well as with prompt referral system would reduce intrapartum SB. This review calls for the need to assess the quality of ANC provision and tailor targeted interventions to best improve the service quality.

English Studies from Global to Nepali Context: Critical Debates, Challenges and Possibilities

This paper aims to present an analysis of the critical debates in the area of English Studies emerged from the time of its initiation and still going on, various challenges that this discipline has undergone, and its future prospects. Based on library research method, the analysis of the relevant online and physical library materials related to English Studies has been conducted. The findings show how English Studies has undergone the critical debates like whether English is the subject of colonial domination or socially progressive project, whether it has to give privileges to literary studies or creative writing, and whether it has to adopt a single standarised form of English or world Englishes. In addition to it, it shows that despite undergoing a number of critical debates and challenges due to either the ongoing process of departmentalisation or the African abolitionist movements, English Studies has become refined, updated and interdisciplinary area of study. Proper redesign and reformulation of English courses, incorporation of local art, culture and literature, adoption of new technology and vocational aspects etcetera could make it more relevant, effective and impactful in the days to come.

RETRACTION: Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy-based Foliar Morpho-Anatomical Comparison of Selected Family Rosaceae Members Distributed in District Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

S. Shaheen, J. Sharifi-Rad, M. Ali, Z. Shamim, B. Rasool, M. Ashfaq, H. Mukhtar, N. Harun, U. Hanif and R. Siddique, "Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy-based Foliar Morpho-Anatomical Comparison of Selected Family Rosaceae Members Distributed in District Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan," Microscopy Research and Technique 85, no. 4 (2022): 1597-1610, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24021. The above article, published online on 09 December 2021 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Alberto Diaspro; and Wiley Periodicals LLC. The retraction has been agreed due to duplications observed within the image presented in Figure 1r. Further duplications were also observed between Figures 2d and 2q, 2h and 2r and between 2i and 2s. The authors admit that they made mistakes during the preparation of the figures and provided some original data. However, due to the nature and extent of the errors, the editors have lost confidence in the results and conclusions of this study.