Ongoing Education Program Research Articles

Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Susceptibility to Tobacco Use Among School Going Adolescents in a South-Indian District—(Project TEACH)

Background: Adolescents are susceptible to using tobacco because of early exposure to tobacco through family members, easy access, or peer pressure. School-based educational programs are crucial for raising awareness of the harms of tobacco, thus preventing its uptake among adolescents. Studies conducted recently have recognized the need to bring change and reinforce ongoing school-based anti-tobacco education programs. Our study protocol aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a revised school-based anti-tobacco education on susceptibility to tobacco use among school-going adolescents. Method: Project TEACH (Tobacco Education and Awareness for Creating Healthier Adolescents) is an educational intervention that will comprise an animated video on the effects of tobacco on physical and mental health, along with dispelling myths about tobacco, which will be delivered along with a standard education program. The control group will only receive the standard school-based anti-tobacco education program. It will be conducted among students between 6th to 10th grade, with a sample size of 3,310 students. Results: Bivariate relations between the main socio-demographic characteristics and susceptibility to tobacco use will be tested using Pearson or Spearman’s correlation coefficients. For multivariable analyses, the binary logistic regression analysis is used to establish a risk model to correlate the socio-demographic factors with susceptibility to tobacco use and awareness of the harms of tobacco. Conclusion: Project TEACH aims to provide a sustainable school-based anti-tobacco education intervention. It will help test the effectiveness of the revised intervention, which could be incorporated into the current school education program being conducted in the district.

Socio-Economic, Health and Ecological Sustainability of Vegetable Supplies in West African Cities: Assessment of Stakeholders’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Accra and Greater Lomé

In West Africa, vegetable supply chain development projects in Accra and Greater Lomé focus scarcely on the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of vegetable producers, traders and processors. Thus, the research aims to assess the level of sanitary, socio-economic and environmental sustainability of vegetable production, trade and processing in these cities, based on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of stakeholders. A quantitative multi-criteria evaluation approach was adopted, with reference to Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standard 13 and Codex Alimentarius (CXC 1-1969 then CXC 53-2003). A sample of 303 people (156 in Accra and 147 in Greater Lomé) was formed using purposive sampling based on the assertion of E.R. Babbie (2016) and L. Kish (1965) combined with the comparison of S. Sudman (1976). Kobocollect and MS Excel respectively served to collect data and calculate KAP scores and percentages. Arcgis and Google Earth facilitated geographic representation of the data. The results reveal low rates of ecological (27.2%), health (26.9%), socio-economic (39.9%), technological and innovative (18.6%) KAP, evaluated at 28.6%. These results are unfavorable to the achievement of the SDGs. Hence the importance of an integrated, ongoing eco-nutritional education program for all stakeholders.

Misperception of the benefits and working mechanism of the National Health Protection in the District of Sumba Timur, Indonesia

The National Health Insurance (NHI) of Indonesia covers the health care of nearly the whole population of Indonesia. However, misunderstandings of the benefits and the healthcare access mechanism are still evident. The study aims to identify misperceptions regarding the benefits and working mechanisms of the NHI in Waingapu, Sumba Timur District, Indonesia. A qualitative inquiry identifies the misperception about NHI's benefits and working mechanism. Thirty residents were recruited using the consecutive procedure to participate in the study. The data collections are semi-structured interviews, casual conversations, and inductively analyzed. The qualitative analysis identifies that people perceive that the administrative procedure of health care under NHI is complicated, has unlimited drugs and health care coverage, and the premium contribution is claimable. People perceive the management of NHI to treat them as debtors when they delay paying their contributions. People feel they are being treated unfairly because NHI does not provide all health services, but they ask for a guarantee if NHI does not cover health services. It is concluded that the people are underinformed about NHI's benefits and working mechanism. The management of NHI and associated stakeholders should implement ongoing educational programs and promotional efforts to increase awareness and understanding of the NHI system.

IMPACTO DA LIMPEZA DE PRAIAS NA CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA BEIRA, MOÇAMBIQUE

This study investigated the environmental awareness of volunteers during beach cleaning activities in Estoril, Beira, Mozambique. The research involved 150 volunteers, of whom 42 were interviewed. Structured questionnaires were administered after the activities to assess knowledge about marine pollution. Additionally, participant observations were conducted to record volunteer involvement and the efficiency of the cleaning activities. Quantitative analysis of the questionnaire data revealed a significant increase in environmental awareness among volunteers after participating in the activities. Qualitative analysis identified factors influencing volunteer engagement, highlighting the importance of environmental education and awareness campaigns. The main limitations of the study included the sample size and the limited observation period. The study followed strict ethical principles, ensuring informed consent from participants and confidentiality of collected data. This work contributes to the understanding of the effects of beach cleaning activities on environmental civic awareness and underscores the need for ongoing environmental education programs to promote marine conservation.

Utilization and Evaluation of Analgesics in Post Gynecologic Operations: A Cross- Sectional Study

Background: This study evaluated the current practices of opioid and non-opioid analgesic administration for postoperative pain management in gynecological surgeries, aiming to optimize pain relief while minimizing side effects. Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) study was conducted at Al-Zahra Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Medical records of 100 patients undergoing gynecological surgery were reviewed over five months. Data on prescribed analgesics, pain scores, and adherence to APS2016 and ERAS2016 guidelines were collected and analyzed statistically. Results: Meperidine (pethidine) and diclofenac were the most frequently prescribed analgesics. The average patient pain score was 2.48 units. A combination of meperidine, diclofenac, and acetaminophen was identified as the most effective regimen for pain control. Prescribed regimens demonstrated 41.4±27.3% theoretical and 60.60 ± 28.77% practical compliance with APS2016 and ERAS2016 guidelines. While achieving the primary objective of pain relief with minimal side effects, compliance with established guidelines could be further improved through educational interventions. Conclusion: Optimizing analgesic regimens for postoperative pain management requires careful consideration of individual patient needs, including the benefits of opioid analgesics in achieving greater pain reduction. Adherence to evidence-based guidelines and ongoing educational programs for healthcare professionals are crucial for ensuring optimal pain relief with minimal side effects.

Effect of Educational Guidelines on Diabetic Patients' Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-Efficacy Regarding Use of Artificial Pancreas

Context: Artificial pancreas has a beneficial effect on controlling blood glucose levels. Nurses play a crucial role in helping diabetic patients through educational guidelines that increase their knowledge and improve their attitude and self-efficacy regarding the use of artificial pancreas as a new technology to help continuously control blood glucose levels. Aim: to evaluate the effect of educational guidelines on diabetic patients' knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy regarding using artificial pancreas. Methods: A quasi-experimental study design (pre/post-test) was used to achieve the aim of this study. The study was conducted in the medical department and outpatient medical clinic at Benha University Hospital. A purposive sample of 100 adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were admitted to the mentioned setting during the study period. Three tools were used. Patients' Assessment Questionnaire comprises two parts: Patients' personal data and health history of the disease and patients' knowledge assessment. Patients' attitude Rating Scale regarding the use of the artificial pancreas, and Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: The result reported a significant difference in the satisfactory knowledge level of patients from 15% pre-educational guidelines to 57% post-educational guidelines. Significant differences in the total level of positive attitude increased from 22.0% pre-educational guidelines to 63.0% post-guidelines, and significant differences between the mean self-efficacy scores of the studied patients regarding their perception and confidence in the ability to use the artificial pancreas as it increased from 1.8±0.7 pre to 3.1±0.4 post the educational guidelines implementation. Conclusion: Educational guidelines have a positive effect on improving diabetic patients' knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy regarding the use of artificial pancreas. The study recommends implementing ongoing educational programs and workshops for diabetic patients on artificial pancreas.

Impact of triage nurses' recognition of acute coronary syndrome on patients' clinical outcomes: A retrospective study

BackgroundTriage nurses' pivotal role in initial assessment makes their competence crucial. However, the specific impact on Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) recognition and outcomes remains unclear in Jordanian healthcare. Understanding this relationship could enhance ACS management and patient outcomes in Jordanian Emergency Departments (EDs). ObjectiveTo assess how triage nurses' recognition of ACS diagnosis affects patient outcomes in Jordan. MethodsThis retrospective study examined records of 150 ACS patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU). Data extraction assessed triage nurses' accuracy in recognizing ACS symptoms and the timelines for diagnosis procedures (e.g., electrocardiogram [ECG]) and treatment provision (e.g., thrombolytic) based on triage decisions. It also evaluated the impact on treatment outcomes, including length of stay in the ED and hospital. Multiple linear regression analyses quantified the influence of under-triage on treatment outcomes. ResultsThe sample comprised 150 patients. Most were female (78.7%), aged 45-59.9 years (37.3%). ACS classifications: unstable angina (52.0%), STEMI (38.0%), NSTEMI (10.0%). The study included a cohort of ACS patients, with findings indicating varying degrees of under-triage by triage nurses. Analysis of timelines revealed significant delays in diagnosis and treatment initiation for patients subjected to under-triage. Multiple linear regression analyses demonstrated a robust association between under-triage and prolonged time to essential treatment outcomes, including delays in physician assessment, ECG performance, thrombolytic administration, and extended ED length of stay. ConclusionTriage nurses' knowledge and competency are crucial determinants of accurate ACS recognition and subsequent clinical outcomes for patients presenting to the ED in Jordan. Investing in ongoing education and training programs for triage nurses may lead to improved ACS recognition rates and better patient outcomes in Jordanian healthcare settings.

Before You Tie the Knot: Impacts, Outcomes, and Lessons Learned from a Federally-Funded Premarital Education Case Study

Human services educators continually seek ways to make outreach programming more engaging and effective. This study evaluated an ongoing relationship education program funded by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (Administration of Children and Families) to determine the effectiveness of the Before You Tie the Knot (BYTK) premarital education program. A self-reported, quantitative, retrospective-pretest-then-post-test evaluation was utilized to assess key objectives in the sample (n = 1285). Clearly- evident effect sizes were found for perceived behavior changes in the participants’ implementation of skills related to relationship quality (i.e., positive interaction, negative interaction, positive bonds, happiness/satisfaction, commitment, and not feeling trapped) covered in the training over a five-week period. Implications for how the BYTK program can facilitate change and learning in educational settings, as well as inform relationship education outreach programming, are discussed.

Edukasi Pentingnya Menjaga Kesehatan Mata Di Era Digital

The development of information and communication technology has influenced every aspect of human life. Smartphones, computers, and tablets have become everyday tools that we rely on for various purposes. However, the high dependence on digital devices also brings new challenges, including negative impacts on physical and mental health, particularly eye health. This research aims to educate 5th grade elementary school students about the importance of maintaining eye health in the digital age through the method of socialization. The research method involves socializing with 5th grade students using educational materials tailored to the children's level of understanding. The socialization activities include interactive presentations, question and answer sessions, and demonstrations of simple eye exercises. After participating in the socialization, students showed a significant increase in understanding regarding the negative impacts of excessive digital device use on eye health. The results of this research highlight the importance of ongoing educational programs and collaboration between various parties to create a healthier digital environment and support eye wellness for all users.

Educational Boost Slashes SIDS Risk Awareness Gap Among Nurses in Iraq

This study evaluates the impact of an educational program on nurses' knowledge of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) risk factors at pediatric teaching hospitals in Baghdad City. Using a quasi-experimental design with fifty nurses divided into a control and a research group, we assessed knowledge levels through pre-tests and two post-tests. Results indicated that the educational intervention significantly improved nurses' knowledge from 60% to 76%, although this effect diminished slightly over time. The study underscores the importance of continuous education in enhancing nurse awareness and the implementation of safe sleep practices to reduce SIDS occurrences. Highlights: Educational Impact: The study demonstrates a significant increase in nurses' knowledge about SIDS risk factors following an educational intervention. Sustained Learning: Knowledge gains were observed to diminish slightly over time, highlighting the need for ongoing educational programs. Practical Implications: Enhanced nurse training supports safer sleep practices, potentially reducing the incidence of SIDS. Keywords: Nurse Education, Knowledge, Risk Factors, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Safe Sleep Practices

The Relationship of Educational Level With Knowledge About the Fitness of Drinking Water Sources in Gempol Village, Karanganom Subdistrict, Klaten District

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p><em>Water is a necessity of life, such as washing clothes, washing vehicles, bathing, defecating, cooking, drinking, purifying, ablutions, watering yard plants, providing water for livestock and pets, and other needs. Poor water quality has an impact on health and can even be life-threatening. This study aims to determine the relationship between education about the suitability of drinking water sources and the level of knowledge in Gempol Village, Karanganom District, Klaten Regency. This study is a quantitative study with a research design and a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in Gempol Village, Karanganom District, Klaten Regency, from October to November 2023. The study population included residents of Gempol Village, consisting of 18 neighbourhood associations with 800 family cards. A total of 116 respondents, who were selected through proportional sampling calculations, were involved in this study. Data were collected through questionnaires and observation sheets. Bivariate data analysis with Fisher exact test processed using SPSS version 26. The results showed a relationship between education level and knowledge about the feasibility of drinking water sources (p-value = <0.0001) <0.05. It is recommended that the Gempol village government implement an ongoing educational program to increase community awareness about the importance of clean water and how to ensure the suitability of drinking water sources. This program can include counselling, workshops, seminars, and public campaign. Itit is suggestethat health workerss provide accurate advice and information to the community on how to choose safe drinking water sourcestoo increase community knowledge about the quality of drinking water sources that meet health requirements.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keywords: Drinking Water, Education, Suitability of Drinking Water Source, Knowledge</em></strong></p>

Solidarity, agency, and learning in everyday participation: A look at an adult education program in the context of COVID‐19

AbstractThe outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the world stage has impacted multiple aspects of our lives, affecting how we interact, organize public affairs, and carry out daily activities. This paper explores how students in an ongoing adult education program in Villa María, Argentina, continued their studies during the 2020–2022 pandemic in the context of the restrictive public health policies that led to suspending in‐person classes and collaborative sessions and moving to digitally mediated formats. It centers on the experience of adult learners confronted by the COVID‐19 emergency and their response through solidarity relationships and agency. We found that the students actively reorganized and redesigned their academic practices by articulating their emergency needs resulting from the pandemic with their continued participation in their program through acts of solidarity. Finally, we share thoughts and future directions about solidarity in adult learning contexts.

Financial Socialisation and Promotion of Financial Inclusion, among Women Self-Help Group Members: An analysis

India, a country of diversities has travelled a long way in the process of achieving inclusive growth through financial inclusion. The expedition has started from bank nationalisation in the year 1969 to flagship programs like SHG bank Linkage and PMDJY. Historically, women in India have faced various socio-economic challenges, including limited access to financial services and opportunities. To address these challenges and promote the financial inclusion of women, several initiatives and measures have been taken at the government, regulatory, and institutional levels. The PMJDY accounts have shown a remarkable growth in account openings. Around 50.09 Crore Jan Dhan accounts opened as of Aug 2023 where average deposits rise from Rs.1065 crore in 2015 to Rs.4087 Crore in 2023,nearly 3 times over Aug 2015. Around 56% of such accounts are owned by woman, whereas 67% of the accounts are owned by women in rural and semi urban areas (PIB 2023)[i]. But what is more discouraging is that India has the highest in inactive accounts which is 35% globally. In developing economies, women account owners are, on average, 5 percentage points more likely than men are inactive, in India the deviation is highest that is 12 %.Out of the women owned accounts, more than 32% are inactive. The usage of accounts also indicates a different saga as most of them is used for withdrawals of salary or wages, emergencies, or availing Govt. Benefits which leads to a lowering of financial inclusion among the women (Global Findex database 2021)[ii].
 
 It's important to note that despite many advancements achieved by the country with respect to the financial inclusion of women through initiations like PMJDY, introduction of a range of women-centric financial products, such as savings accounts, fixed deposits, and insurance policies, often with special features and incentives, SHGs movements, development of digital financial ecosystem for women in rural areas to access financial services through mobile banking and digital wallets, undertaking financial literacy programs and campaigns aimed at women for improving their financial knowledge and decision-making capabilities, legal reforms related to property rights and inheritance rights, support for Women Entrepreneurs including access to credit, training, and mentorship, and by allocating funds specifically for women's welfare and empowerment through gender budgeting, the challenges still prevailing. The gender gap in financial inclusion still exist, with women in rural and marginalized communities facing more significant barriers. Social and cultural factors, limited financial literacy, and the persistence of gender-based violence in some regions were among the ongoing challenges (Fletschner & Kenney, 2011[iii]). The need for ongoing education and awareness programs, addressing gender biases, and expanding access to financial services in remote areas etc. remain the priorities of the policy makers. Achieving full financial inclusion for women in India requires a multi-faceted approach involving government policies, financial institutions, civil society organizations, and the active participation of women themselves. It is essential for both economic development and gender equality (Duflo, 2012[iv]; Bucciol et.al, 2022[v]).

An Educational Intervention to Improve Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting Among Healthcare Practitioners in Selected Pediatric Hospitals in Iraq

Background: Pharmacovigilance is getting a lot of attention lately because it plays a crucial role in managing effective medication use in clinical settings. The main goals of pharmacovigilance are to protect and enhance public health and reduce the harm caused by drugs by ensuring their justified use. This study aimed to create a pharmacovigilance education program, record adverse medication reactions, and assess the impact of the program on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of healthcare professionals in several Iraqi pediatric hospitals. In a three-phase study, healthcare professionals were asked to complete a KAP questionnaire before and after the educational program. Results: The educational program significantly improved participants' knowledge about adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and pharmacovigilance (PV). Similar improvements were observed in attitudes and practices. Conclusion: Ongoing education programs are essential to assess their impact on achieving and maintaining the desired outcomes of the ADR reporting system and enhancing inter-professional practices.

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHILD DECENT QANUN IN EAST ACEH DISTRICT

This research focuses on community involvement in the formation of Qanun Anak in East Aceh District, Indonesia. East Aceh has strong religious and cultural values, which require the implementation of Qanun Anak to protect children's rights. Community involvement is considered essential to reflect local values and ensure the protection of children's rights. Community participation is not only limited to the establishment of the Child Qanun, but also includes implementation and supervision. The ongoing education program aims to increase public understanding of children's rights and open dialogue between the community and the government. Regular consultation forums serve as a forum for evaluating the impact of Qanun Anak, sharing success stories, identifying challenges, and finding solutions together. The local child welfare center becomes a dynamic hub that connects the community with resources to support children. The involvement of village governments, the private sector, and NGOs has had a positive impact with financial support and knowledge to overcome challenges. The mass media is a strategic partner in voicing children's rights and raising public awareness. The campaign through the media helped maintain the momentum of awareness of children's rights and the importance of implementing Qanun Anak. This study used qualitative methods with primary data from direct interviews and secondary data from local governments, children's forums, youth institutions, and the people of East Aceh. Community participation in the formation of Qanun Anak reflects the spirit of democracy, involving religious leaders, traditional leaders, child activists, parents, teachers, and children. The public consultation mechanism involves multiple voices in the harmony of discussion, ensuring the Child Qanun reflects the values and needs of the community. Children's participation is recognized and encouraged, creating regulations that strengthen their rights. This process involves technology with online surveys and virtual discussion forums. Education increases public understanding of children's rights and the urgency of Qanun Anak. The Qanun of a child-worthy city is not just a legal text, but rather a moral manifesto and a shared commitment to protecting children's rights. The people of East Aceh play an active role in making unique contributions, overcoming conflicts through collaboration, and creating an environment of support for children. The urgency of Qanun Anak includes the protection of children's rights, child development support, child empowerment in decisions, empowerment of parents and communities, as well as relevance to contemporary challenges. It is hoped that with the sustainability of community commitment and the real implementation of Qanun Anak, every child can grow up in an environment full of support and equal opportunities.

Effect of Monkeypox Nano-Teaching Sessions versus Self-Learning on Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Confidence in Disease Diagnosis and Management

BackgroundInfectious diseases pose a constant threat to public health, necessitating a robust and continually evolving response from healthcare professionals. Despite advancements in medical education, there remains a persistent deficiency in disease-related knowledge among nurses. This study addresses this gap by investigating the impact of nano-teaching sessions compared to self-directed learning on enhancing nurses' knowledge, attitude, and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Monkeypox. AimThis study aims to assess and compare the effectiveness of nano-teaching sessions and self-learning in improving nurses' knowledge, attitude, and confidence levels regarding mpox diagnosis and management. MethodsIn the Quasi experimental study, 50 nurses from clinics at both the Students' University Hospital and Mansoura University colleges, Egypt, were randomly assigned to nano-teaching or self-learning groups. Nano-teaching involved interactive sessions over three months, while the self-learning group received study materials. Pre- and post-intervention assessments measured changes using various tools. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows version 20.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL). Approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, under reference number P.0287. ResultsThe study involved participants with diverse backgrounds. They primarily relied on the internet for mpox information. Pre-intervention, both study and control groups had low knowledge and confidence levels. Post-intervention, the study group showed significant improvements in knowledge, confidence, attitude, and practice compared to the control. For instance, 88 % of the study group demonstrated high knowledge post-intervention, contrasting with only 22 % in the control (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed strong connections among knowledge, confidence, attitude, and practice, especially post-intervention within the intervention group. Regression analysis highlighted the significant impact of educational level and years of experience on knowledge, confidence, attitude, and practice, underscoring their pivotal role in shaping understanding and behavior concerning mpox. ConclusionNano-teaching sessions emerged as a more effective intervention for enhancing nurses' knowledge, attitude, and confidence in Monkeypox diagnosis and management compared to self-learning. The results underscore the importance of innovative educational strategies tailored to the specific needs of healthcare professionals.Recommendations:Based on the study findings, it is recommended that healthcare institutions integrate nano-teaching methodologies into their ongoing education programs. Additionally, further research is warranted to explore the long-term impact of nano-teaching on nurses' clinical practices and patient outcomes.

Study of North Jordanian women's knowledge of breast cancer causes and medical imaging screening advantages

Backgroundamong both industrialized and developing nations, breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women. The purpose of this research project is to evaluate adult females in northern Jordan's level of awareness regarding breast cancer risk factors and potential causes. A link between certain variables and their comprehension of breast cancer risk factors was established, enabling us to take appropriate measures to increase women's awareness. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire to assess the awareness of breast cancer risk factors, treatment beliefs, and screening practices among adult females in north Jordan. There was a scoring system used. IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 20.0) was used to conduct all statistical analyses. ResultsOnly 18.11% of participants (n = 201) reported having little understanding of breast cancer risk factors; 36.31% of participants (n = 403) reported having fair knowledge; and 45.58% of participants (n = 506) reported having a good grasp of breast cancer risk factors. ConclusionThe study's findings show that North Jordanian women are well informed about breast cancer and its potential causes. To improve females' knowledge of breast cancer, however, we advocate for the need for ongoing medical education programs.

The nutritional knowledge of nurses working at the medical college hospital in the northern district of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Background: Nutrition significantly impacts disease prevention and patient recovery. As healthcare providers across various health sectors, nurses often have the opportunity to offer dietary guidance to patients. However, there is a dearth of studies in the literature that assess nurses’ nutritional knowledge in Bangladesh. Objective: This study aimed to determine the nutritional knowledge of nurses employed at a tertiary-level medical college hospital in the Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, with 109 staff nurses completing a self-administered questionnaire. This questionnaire covered demographic characteristics, work-related information, and 20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) aimed at assessing nurses’ nutrition knowledge. Data were collected between April and May 2022. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square (χ2) tests, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The average score of nutrition knowledge was 63.4% (SD = 13.94) for all nurses, falling within the low to moderate range. Nurses with a Bachelor’s degree in nursing (22.2%) and 11 - 15 years of work experience (14.7%) demonstrated a very good level of nutrition knowledge. Education level (χ2 = 18.659; p &lt;0.05) and work experience (χ2 = 22.356; p &lt;0.01) significantly influenced knowledge levels. Most nurses sought nutritional advice from less than 25% of patients, with doctors/physicians being the most common source of nutrition information provided by nurses. Conclusion: The average nutritional knowledge score of Bangladeshi nurses was low to moderate. Education level and length of work experience significantly impacted knowledge levels. Therefore, it is recommended that effective ongoing nutrition education programs, nursing curriculum reforms, and in-service training are crucial to enhancing nurses’ nutritional knowledge.

Edukasi Mitigasi Bencana Banjir dan Gempa Bumi pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Introduction: Creating a program to establish a Disaster Safe Education Unit [Satuan Pendidikan Aman Bencana (SPAB)] is one of the initiatives the government is doing to prevent catastrophes and manage their effects in educational settings. Objective: The purpose of this community service project is to improve students' understanding of and proficiency in disaster preparedness. Method: The three types of activity approaches include planning, carrying out, and reviewing. 43 students participated in this activity, which involved a lecture and Q&amp;A session. Result: It may be inferred from the activity's outcomes that educating students can help them become more knowledgeable about earthquake and flood disasters. The instructive exercise proceeded without any difficulties, and the participants engaged with great enthusiasm. Conclusion: In order to make sure that every student is aware of disaster readiness and can lower their risk of disaster, it is desired that the school would keep up its ongoing disaster preparedness education programs.

A cross-sectional study on adherence to treatment and life-style modifications in hypertensive patients attending the urban health centre of a teaching hospital in Hyderabad.

The burden of hypertension is expected to double by 2025 and adherence to treatment has a key role in disease outcome. The World Health Organization defines adherence as the extent to which a person's behaviour of taking medication, following a diet and/or exceeding life-style changes, corresponds with the agreed recommendations of health care providers. The study tries to assess the level of adherence to medication and life-style modifications in hypertensive patients. It is a cross-sectional study among patients attending urban health centres of a teaching hospital. The study population included all hypertensive patients above 30 years. Based on the prevalence of non-adherence to hypertensive medication, 70% of the sample size is calculated as 182. A Morisky medication adherence scale is used to find adherence to treatment. Life-style modification was also assessed. Scoring was done based on their adherence to treatment and life-style modifications and quantified. The mean age of the study population was 55 years (38-80 years). In total, 58.33% were illiterate and 21% were retired from work. Around 87.5% had to spend money on medication. Mean weight, height, hip and waist circumference was 66 kg, 157 cm, 108 cm and 100 cm, respectively. Mean BMI was 26.6. Prevalence of good adherence to medication was 129 (70.83%) and that of good life-style modifications was 127 (70.17%). The adherence to medication and life-style modification was satisfactory. Family physicians have a key role in Non communicable diseases (NCD) management and should focus on ongoing education programmes for treatment adherence and life-style modifications at a community level, and grass-root level workers should conduct regular follow-up activities.