Ongoing Education Program Research Articles

Changing paradigms of hemophilia care across larger specialized treatment centers in the European region.

Introduction:In early 2021, the European Collaborative Haemophilia Network (ECHN) conducted a survey to determine whether the paradigms of care across the European region have changed with the introduction of novel therapies for people with hemophilia.Methods:We conducted a survey in 19 ECHN centers from 17 countries in the European region. The aim was to track recent changes in the hemophilia treatment landscape, determine the impact of these changes on hemophilia treatment centers and comprehensive care centers in the region, and to look into the future of care as applied to people with hemophilia. The survey was structured to include three key areas: demographics and organization; current challenges and opportunities; and future directions.Discussion:Our survey provides a snapshot of the current approach to hemophilia treatment that highlights a move toward preventive, rather than reactive care, but that also raises a number of key concerns related to costs and accessibility (particularly as related to novel therapies), time limitations for clinical research, and ongoing issues regarding human resources (particularly in terms of new doctors entering the field) and availability of laboratory resources as the use of novel therapies (some with unique modes of action and unusual adverse events, some with specialized monitoring requirements) becomes commonplace.Conclusion:While our survey suggests that specialized care will continue to play a central role in the management of hemophilia, the standards and protocols, as well as the centers themselves, will have to continue to evolve if they are to continue to provide the highest level of care. To meet this requirement, there is a clear need for engaging, ongoing education programs for healthcare professionals working in the field of hemophilia that can be adjusted to the changing landscape of hemophilia therapy and monitoring.

Multidisciplinary Provider Insights to Promote Adoption of Bispecific Antibodies to Treat Cancer in the Community

Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are an emerging class of novel immunotherapy agents that have led to major breakthroughs in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. By targeting two separate antigens at the same time, BsAbs can bridge tumor cells to cytotoxic immune cells and bypass several limitations of conventional monoclonal antibody treatment (Wang et al., 2019).In 2020, the Association of Community Cancer Centers (ACCC) launched an ongoing education program to identify and address barriers to awareness, preparedness, adoption, and use of BsAbs to treat cancer. As part of this program, ACCC developed a survey with an expert Advisory Committee to gain an understanding of multidisciplinary cancer providers' experiences with BsAbs. The survey primarily assessed experiences with blinatumomab, the first FDA-approved bispecific antibody for the treatment of malignancy (Newman & Benani, 2016).One hundred and twenty-nine individuals responded to the survey. Sixty percent of these respondents reported prescribing, dispensing, and administering blinatumomab and/or caring for patients being treated with blinatumomab. Of those respondents, 44% were medical oncologists/hematologists, 8% were advanced practice providers (APPs), 17% were nurses, 23% were pharmacists, and 9% fell into an ‘Other’ category of various other disciplines. Interestingly, the provider experience with blinatumomab varied greatly. Ninety-two percent of oncologists indicated having experience with blinatumomab while only 35% of nurses reported so. Regarding how blinatumomab is used in the community, respondents indicated that 59% of their institutions use it to treat relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) while 41% use it to treat ALL with MRD positivity. Additionally, 74% of oncologists use blinatumomab before CAR-T therapy when considering both therapies for patients with ALL.Survey results also showed that although 79% of providers felt comfortable caring for patients being treated with blinatumomab, 59% identified barriers when caring for these patients. Some of the common challenges include transitioning patients from the inpatient to outpatient setting (41%), managing patients in remote areas (33%), securing insurance coverage (28%), managing side effects (27%), assisting patients with costs (24%), and lacking in-house expertise with the drug (22%). Another reported obstacle was the management neurotoxicity and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). In the survey, less than half of oncologists reported experience with managing neurotoxicity or CRS and only 6-9% of APPs reported the same. In general, more oncologists described feeling comfortable with using blinatumomab compared to APPs or nurses. Notably, 23% of nurses did not feel they had all the information needed to safely administer blinatumomab.In terms of opportunities to promote smooth adoption of blinatumomab, 86% of respondents indicated that written guidelines, best practices, and care recommendations would be helpful when caring for patients. Specific desired resources include a list of home health pharmacies and agencies familiar with the drug, care coordinators or navigators, best practices on transitioning from inpatient to outpatient administration, information on how to address problems that may occur with outpatient administration, and in-house or onsite expertise from either the drug manufacturer or someone within the organization. Respondents noted direct patient education as another significant area of need. Eighty-two percent felt that educational resources for patients and caregivers on transitioning from inpatient to outpatient care would be beneficial, and 70% thought that peer support services for patients would also be helpful.Multiple BsAbs are in various stages of development for hematologic malignancies. Using blinatumomab as an example, this survey highlighted challenges to the use of BsAbs and identified opportunities to overcome these obstacles. Translation of best practices for use in the community must be established to reach all eligible patients with cancer who may benefit from these therapies. With this survey data, ACCC is positioned to offer this support. Through its education program, ACCC will build on the survey results to develop content and resources that prepare multidisciplinary providers to welcome BsAbs into the community to treat cancer. DisclosuresAtembina: Amgen: Research Funding. Boehmer: Pfizer, Inc: Other: paid consultant within the past 12 months; Amgen: Research Funding. Terrell: Amgen: Honoraria. Koka: Amgen: Honoraria. Janakiram: Amgen: Honoraria. Grothey: Amgen: Honoraria. Morris: Amgen: Honoraria. Rogers: Coherus BioSciences: Speakers Bureau; Astra Zeneca: Speakers Bureau. Kelly: Amgen: Honoraria. Berdeja: Poseida: Research Funding; Acetylon: Research Funding; Lilly: Research Funding; Kite Pharma: Consultancy; Genentech: Research Funding; CRISPR Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celularity: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Teva: Research Funding; EMD Serono: Research Funding; GlaxoSmithKline: Research Funding; SecuraBio: Consultancy; Legend Biotech: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Ichnos Sciences: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Astex Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Bluebird bio: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy; Sanofi: Research Funding. El Chaer: Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding.

CN31 Patient and occupational safety in cancer care: Experiences from an on-going online education program

Research provides clear evidence of acute and chronic health effects from occupational exposure to hazardous antineoplastic drugs. Despite this, data collected by the European Oncology Nursing Society (EONS) highlights several concerns related to both patient and occupational safety. Collected data indicate that these risks are often overlooked or not even identified. One of the most important concerns is that a large proportion of European cancer nurses have no or very limited education in handling hazardous cancer drugs.

Effect of Health Educational Guidelines on knowledge and practices of Mothers having Children with Bell's Palsy

Background: Bell’s palsy (BP) is a common cranial neuropathy causing acute unilateral lower motor neuron facial paralysis and idiopathic, unilateral or bilateral paralysis of the facial nerve without any associated disorders. Aim: To evaluate the effect of health educational guidelines on knowledge and practices of mothers having children with Bell's Palsy. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used. Setting: This study was conducted at physical therapy department of Beni-Suef Hospital. Subject: 100 mothers and their children were selected randomly. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection, Tool1: A Self-administered questionnaire: Developed by the researchers and used to assess characteristics of mothers and their children also mothers’ knowledge about Bell's palsy (pre, post, and at follow up) phases of guidelines implementation. Tool2: An observational checklist (pre/post and follow up tests) to evaluate mothers’ practices in relation to their children with Bell's palsy such as pain relieving, eye care, follow up with doctor, mouth and dental hygiene, maintaining muscle tone and facial palsy yoga exercise. Results: There were highly statistically significant differences (P<.0001) regarding mothers knowledge and practices before, immediately after and at follow up phases of guidelines implementation. Conclusion: The present study concluded that, the educational guidelines had a positive effect on mothers' knowledge and their practices about their children with Bell’s palsy. Recommendations: Continuous ongoing in-service educational programs to nurses, mothers and caregivers are necessary to improve their knowledge, increase their awareness, follow-up and care of their children to decrease health complications.

Shifting children's attentional focus to emotions during art museum experiences.

Art exposure can influence children's emotional growth, but little is known about tools that aid emotional development in art museums. We implemented attentional and social manipulations to test whether (1) modifications to unscripted instructions and (2) caregiver prompts shape children's attentional focus towards either the emotional or elemental content (e.g., colour and medium) of paintings. These manipulations occurred within an on-going art museum education programme. Afterwards, children's (N = 60; ages 3-13 years) attentional focus towards emotions or elements was assessed by asking them to select words that best described the art. Children focused on emotion more, but the instructional manipulation successfully influenced word choices towards the targeted focus. Caregiver prompts also influenced focus towards the elements and away from emotions. These findings highlight that children's attention to art's emotional content can be altered by social context, which here was demonstrated within a museum programme.

Professional Dispositions of Graduate Pre-service Mathematics Teachers among Three College of Teacher Education in Ethiopia

The general objective of this study was to examine the professional disposition (attitude and self-efficacy) of pre-service teachers hold at the end of teacher education programs in terms of gender and modality. To do this, we used a quantitative research approach. The source of data was 3rd-year mathematics pre-service teachers who have graduated in the 2018/19 academic year. The study used self-reported questionnaires. Thus, 536 (309 male and 227 female) third-year pre-service mathematics teachers from the three sampled institutions (Kotebe metropolitan university, Hawassa college of teacher education, and Arba Minch college of teacher education) and trained under three modalities (generalist, specialist, or linear) have participated. The result showed that the ongoing teacher education program helps them to have a strong attitude and self-efficacy towards mathematics and mathematics teaching without gender difference. However, variations were observed in attitudes and self-efficacy across modalities. In general, it can be concluded that the teacher education program helps pre-service mathematics teachers to develop a strong attitude and self-efficacy towards mathematics and teaching mathematics. Therefore, it is recommended that further qualitative and detailed analysis should be conducted in order to find which part of the education system or educational inputs help pre-service mathematics teachers in colleges of teacher education to develop positive attitude and self-efficacy towards mathematics and teaching mathematics and should be shared to other universities and colleges.

Integrating Genomic Professional Skills Into Nursing Practice: Results From a Large Cohort of Israeli Nurses.

To explore the association of genomic knowledge, self-epistemic authority (SEA; i.e., subjective perception of knowledge expertise), perceived importance of genomics in nursing, and the integration of genomic skills into nursing practice. A cross-sectional study of nurses working in pediatric, obstetric, and internal wards of two medical centers in Israel between February and October 2018. Participants completed anonymous questionnaires about genomic knowledge, SEA, perceived importance of genomics, and the performance of genomic skills in nursing practice. Associations between variables were analyzed using Pearson correlations, and a hierarchical regression model was used to determine which variables explained the performance of genomic practices among participants. Altogether 423 nurses participated in the study. The mean genomic knowledge was low (55.05 ± 14.82%). Nurses reported a low integration of genomic skills in their practice (M = 1.90, SD = 0.71), although their overall perceived importance of genomics was positive (M = 2.88, SD = 0.68). Positive correlations were found between SEA and the integration of genomic skills in nursing practice. Obstetric nurses had more genomic knowledge, more positive perceptions about genomics, and performed more genomic skills in their nursing practice. Although nurses realized the importance of genomics to their practice, and genomics is part of the Israeli nursing core curriculum, we found disappointingly low levels of knowledge and performance of genomic skills in nursing practice. The results call for action to establish ongoing education programs in genomics for nurses, which would lead to the inclusion of genomic skills into routine nursing practice, and prepare nurses for providing personalized medicine.

Entrepreneurs’ competencies and networking as determinants of women-owned ventures success in post-economic crisis era in Greece

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine factors leading to venture success, emphasizing the role of entrepreneurs as critical in the whole process, based on a sample of women entrepreneurs. Drawing upon the competence-based view of the firm, it examines the effect of entrepreneurial competencies, managerial competencies and reliance on networks toward increased female venture success rates.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was allocated to women entrepreneurs to seek respondents’ perceptions. Principal component analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation was undertaken to confirm the constructs’ validity. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the hypotheses.FindingsNetworking stands out as having the most significant positive effect on venture success while entrepreneurial and managerial core competencies are both important, with entrepreneurial competencies demonstrating a slightly higher score. Also, years of entrepreneurial experience, entrepreneurial family background and family status prove significant.Research limitations/implicationsThe study confirms prior research, highlighting the role of entrepreneurs as central, sharpening understanding of the required determinants of venture success. It further provides new insight into venture success from the perspective of the competence-based theory, highlighting clear-cut competencies.Practical implicationsThe study paves the way for the design of entrepreneurial learning programs targeting entrepreneurs and particularly females, highlighting the need for on-going education and educational programs to support entrepreneurs and distinctly women.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the effective management of venture progress and success and provides insight into entrepreneurs and policymakers.

Integrative Medicine Clinical Centers Keys to Success: Innovative Programming, Education, and Collaboration

Integrative Medicine Clinical Centers Keys to Success: Innovative Programming, Education, and Collaboration

Exploring Awareness for Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPAC) in Pre-Service Teacher Education Programme

The purpose of the present study is to explore the prospective teacher’s awareness about Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework in their ongoing teacher education programme. The sample comprised 80 B.Ed. students from two colleges of Jammu division and 20 M.Ed. students from one prominent university of the Jammu division. The investigator employed a self-constructed semi-structured tool as per the objective of the study. The study employed a descriptive exploratory design. The findings revealed that both at UG and PG level, students have individualised knowledge about technology, pedagogy and content but, the least number of students were familiar with this framework. The study included some concrete suggestions and recommendations for meaningful integration of Technology-mediated pedagogy in the ongoing teacher education programme at the regional and national level. The findings of the study help in strengthening the policy formulation for teacher education in the current perspective.

Effect of an Evidence Based Protocol for Childhood Fever Management on Quality of Care Provided by Nurses

Background: Fever is a common childhood health problem. Meanwhile, nursing research suggests that management of children with fever is not based on updated scientific evidence. For this reason, Purpose of the study: To assess the effect of an evidence- based protocol for childhood fever management on quality of care provided by nurses. Setting: The study was conducted in Pediatric Medical Department and Pediatric intensive care unit in Menoufia University Hospital. Research design: A quasi experimental (pre and post) was utilized to conduct the study. Sample: All nurses (48 nurses) who were working in the previously mentioned settings were included in this study. Instruments: Two instruments were used. Instrument one was structured interviewing questionnaire. Instrument two was nurses’ clinical performance observational checklist. Results: Nurses had higher mean of knowledge level about definition of fever on posttest compared to pretest (38.2±2.8 Vs 21.3±6.8). Also, they had higher level of practices related to fever management on posttest than pretest (45.1±2.1 Vs 11.1±1.3) Conclusion: Implementation of an evidence- based protocol improved quality of care related to fever management. Recommendations: The study recommended that ongoing in-service education programs about evidence- based fever management must be designed and implemented in all pediatric departments and pediatric intensive care units to improve quality of care provided by nurses for children having fever.

ETKİLEŞİMLİ KELİME DUVARI TEKNİĞİNİN 5. SINIFLARA KELİME ÖĞRETİMİNDE KULLANILMASI

This research was conducted to determine the effect of interactive word wall technique on word teaching at the 5th grade level of secondary school. Quasi experimental model was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of 74 students who continue their education in the 5th grade of a public secondary school in Antalya. 5th and 6th themes in the Turkish textbook were chosen for the research. The words in the themes were taught to the experimental group with the interactive word wall technique and activities, and to the control group with the activities in the ongoing education program. The application was carried out for eight weeks, with one course hour per week. It was applied as a pre-test before the Turkish lesson vocabulary test, the post-test after the application, and a retention test one month after the application of the post-test. As a result of the research, no significant difference was found between the pre-test scores obtained from the vocabulary test of the experimental and control groups, while a significant difference was found between the posttest and retention test scores in favor of the experimental group. No significant difference was found between the test results of the students in the experimental and control groups and their gender, maternal education status and father education status. According to the results, it was concluded that the interactive word wall technique was effective in teaching Turkish language lessons at the 5th grade level. Keywords: Interactive word wall technique, Turkish lesson, 5th grade, word learning.

592 Medwatch: A Public Service Media Outlet Promoting Burn Prevention and Survivor Awareness

Abstract Introduction The American Burn Association estimates 486,000 burn injuries occur each year. Inability to receive specialized treatment from a verified burn center can negatively impact long term outcomes and survival rates for burn survivors. The burn team has a multidisciplinary approach to meeting the physical and emotional needs of burn patients and their families. Ongoing education and outreach programs are key elements in preventing fire tragedies. We identified an opportunity to incorporate burn and fire prevention education as well as burn survivor testimonies into a pre-existing media platform. Methods We identified burn injury trends, at an American Burn Associated Verified Burn Center, via the burn registry and determined the most common etiologies of injuries treated at our center. We utilized an established relationship with burn prevention community partners, our hospitals communication department, and local news station. Our aftercare and burn prevention coordinator partnered with these established relationships to produce 10-minute television segments on burn and fire safety topics. The interactive television sessions were aired during the local news. Within each segment, viewers were provided with safety tips, preventative strategies, and/or burn survivor testimony. Results 30 news segments over the past 3 years have been produced reaching an average of 58,000 people per year spanning 7 local counties. This health and wellness tool has provided education regarding pet fire safety, scald/contact burn prevention, outdoor/BBQ burn/fire prevention, car fire safety, honey oil explosion education, and holiday burn prevention. We have also had segments focusing on smoke alarm awareness/education and home/fire escape planning to make our communities safer. We have been able to promote our successful aftercare programs by highlighting our support groups, burn survivor activities, and grateful patient stories sharing burn survivor testimony. Conclusions We identified burn prevention topics as well as grateful patients to spread awareness of burns within our community. We partnered with the hospital communications department and local news stations to produce directed educational television segments. These segments were designed to educate the community as well as highlight our successful multidisciplinary approach to managing burn patients. This media platform is one component of our burn centers ongoing burn prevention and outreach program.

Condom use and risk of HIV infection among fishers in Elmina fishing community in Ghana

This paper is a follow-up to a cross-sectional study which employed a mix-method design for data collection and analysis to investigate the relationship between mobility and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risks amongst 385 fishers in Elminafishing community in Ghana. It discusses condom use among fishers andthe perceived barriers in using it and concludes with a discussion on the implications for risks of HIV infection as a result of the reported low condom use among them. The reported low usage suggests the engagement in unprotected sex of the fishers and the likelyhoodtheir exposure to sexually transmitted infections such as HIV in the study area. The paper thus recommends on-going and future HIV education programs by the Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem (KEEA) Municipality Assembly and civil society organisations in Elmina to explore ways of including the supply of free condoms to fishers and at the various fishing destination points along the coast of Elmina. Equally, this outreach or mobile HIV service outlets should emphasize the consistent use of condom within Elmina and the surrounding fishing communities.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 among paramedics in Saudi Arabia: Implications for educational program

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing public health issue, which threatens the lives of more than 2.4 million people worldwide. This study's purpose is to establish paramedics’ knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. An online cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among paramedics in four hospitals via WhatsApp Messenger. The study population was composed of paramedics aged 18 years and above. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to evaluate KAP towards COVID-19. Bloom’s cut-off of 80% was used to assess sufficient knowledge (≥80%), positive attitude (≥4), and good practice (≥2.4). All analyses were performed using SPSS version 26 of the approaching 300 paramedics, 71 (24%) responded. The majority of participants were male (n=61, n=85.9%), with an average age of 33 (range: 18–57) years. Overall, 4.2% (n=3) had sufficient knowledge, 42% (n=30) had a positive attitude, and 4% (n=4) had good practice regarding to COVID-19. There was a statistically significant difference between paramedics’ KAP according to their socio-demographic characteristics. Younger paramedics (≥ 18) have sufficient knowledge and a good practice toward COVID-19 than older paramedics (≥37) (p=0.000, p=0.005), respectively. Older paramedics (≥37) have a positive attitude towards COVID-19 relative to younger paramedics (≥ 18) (p=0.000). A statistically significant difference between the total KAP and the level of education (p=0.000) at which the diploma (p=0.000) had sufficient knowledge of COVID-19 than the bachelors and the postgraduate level. Bachelor's and graduates have a positive attitude (p=0.000) towards COVID-19 than the diploma. Saudi paramedics have poor knowledge of COVID-19. In addition, the results of this study have shown that there are statistically significant differences in KAPs’ paramedics according to their demographic characteristics. The author suggests follow-up studies concerning emergency medical services (EMS) settings around the country. Relevance to clinical practice: Ongoing professional education program for Saudi paramedics is encouraged to improve knowledge of paramedics, thus preventing negative attitudes and encouraging constructive preventive and therapeutic practices.

Nurse Educator-Led an Educational Intervention on Critical Care Nurses’ Knowledge Regarding Endotracheal Suctioning

Background: Studies placed a great emphasis on implementing in-service educational intervention fornurses in order to improve their knowledge regarding critical nursing procedures. Therefore, critical-carenurses need to be more knowledgeable and competent in providing patient care. Hence, the researcher(nurse educator) developed structured educational program that mainly focused on endotracheal suctioningbased on evidence-based recommended practice guidelines. Endotracheal suctioning is vitally importantnursing procedure in terms of maintaining airway patency and preventing complications. Objectives:to evaluate the effectiveness of endotracheal suctioning educational program on critical-care nurses’knowledge. Methodology: a quantitative, quasi-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design wasused. Convenience sample of 87 critical-care nurses are recruited from three hospitals at AL-Najaf ALAshraf City. The study conducted over the period of time that started on December 10, 2019 and ended onJanuary 22, 2020. Results: most of the participants had inadequate to moderate knowledge at pre-test. Whileafter implementing the educational intervention, the participants gained more knowledge and statisticalfindings indicated that all nurses have adequate knowledge regarding endotracheal suctioning. Conclusion:Endotracheal suctioning is a widely performed technique for mechanically ventilated patients in critical careunits. Nurses must be competent and well educated to perform this procedure in order to prevent patientpotential complications and achieve best outcomes. Educational intervention that led by nurse educator hasa positive influence on nurses’ knowledge. Recommendations: the researchers are highly recommendedimplementing ongoing educational program by using recent clinically recommended evidence that focuseson areas where knowledge expansion can be achieved to staff nurse. In Iraq, creating postgraduate degreefocusing on nursing education is a cornerstone to engage in the health care team and articulate new scientificapproach by using researches in the clinical setting and apply research findings in clinical practice.

Lessons Learned from a Multi-Level Intervention Program to Reduce Swedish Female Floorballers’ Dropout Rate

The purpose of this paper was to describe the development, implementation and outcomes of an intervention program designed to reduce female youth floorballers’ (13–18 years) dropout rate over a 2-year period. A strategy, based on a multi-level approach and empirically validated theories of motivation was used in developing and implementing the intervention. Various measures were implemented which may have contributed to the reduction of dropouts. These included: changes to the targeted club policy; hiring a coach responsible for youth sport; forming a youth sport committee and a youth sport group; recruiting a liaison officer who acted as a communication link between various teams, coaches, athletes and the parents; and carrying out an ongoing education program for key stakeholders (i.e., coaches, parents and athletes).

Непрерывное образование учителя математики и качество по PISA:

The quality of education is a key factor in the social development of the individual, society, and the state. This article is aimed at identifying the theoretical essence of the concept, the “quality of education” in the context of the international PISA comparative study and the ongoing education of math teachers as a factor in the development of students’ mathematical literacy. The diagnostics for interviewing and questioning teachers, students and parents revealed problems and difficulties in teaching and studying mathematics. A key tool was context analysis of the GGTU Center for teachers’ professional development activities. The Ongoing Education Program “Schoolchildren Practical Math Literacy Formation” presented in the article and the author’s teaching manual “Life as a Math Plot” reveal their practical focus on the development of math teachers’ professional subject competence, on schoolchildren’s math literacy development, and, as a result, a general improvement in the quality of education according to the PISA results.

FEDERAL AID TO SCHOOL DISTRICTS DURING THE COVID-19 RECESSION

The coronavirus has created an enormous — and expensive — challenge for elementary and secondary schools while simultaneously depleting the revenue sources on which public schools depend. During the Great Recession, the federal government filled in a significant share of lost revenue. In contrast, the federal response to date has been limited. If Congress decides to invest in future generations, it faces a range of options for how to structure an aid package. One key aspect for any stabilization package is how federal funds should be allocated to states. We consider the types of approaches used in recent proposals, during the Great Recession, and at the onset of the COVID-19 crisis, as well as in major ongoing federal education programs for compensatory and special education. We simulate the distribution of funds and show the considerable difference in how per-child allocations correlate with child poverty rates under the most likely alternative approaches.

Тестирование учебных достижений: от проверки знаний к проверке понимания

The article presents the results of author’s research in the field of assessing the formation of competencies of students in educational institutions of higher education using test technologies. The analysis carried out in the context of pedagogical qualimetry allows us to draw conclusions about the high didactic potential of individual test tasks with the ordering of answers. The study of the features of the application of test technologies in the formation of funds for assessment tools for ongoing educational programs of higher education revealed the advantage of this tool, expressed in the form of the ability to differentiate grades de-pending on the didactic goals of the test and the depth of control of educational achievements. In the article, it is scientifically grounded that the use of single test tasks with ordering of answers, unlike other types of tests (for example, with a single choice, multiple choice, establishing compliance, establishing a sequence), provides the developer with significantly more possibilities in forming grading scale and at the same time provides it with more interesting for analysis results of monitoring student performance. The authors of the article obtained initial analytical data, with the help of which quantitative characteristics can be calculated, which, together with the relevant criteria, can evaluate the success of the test solution. The method of questioning students who were trained according to the advanced training program of the faculty “Innovative Educational Technologies” received estimates of various types of test items, it was confirmed that the development of tests based on single test items with ordering of answers requires not only deep knowledge in his subject, but also creative abilities and general outlook. Recommendations on the introduction of test technologies in the educational environment are given.