One-year Increments Research Articles

Population-level uptake of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stage IVB endometrial cancer

ObjectiveTo examine population-level trends, characteristics, and outcomes of patients with stage IVB endometrial cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) prior to surgery. MethodsThe National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program was retrospectively queried by examining 5505 patients with stage IVB endometrial cancer from 2010 to 2018. Exposure allocation was per treatment: primary surgery followed by chemotherapy (n = 3052, 55.4%), NACT followed by surgery (n = 930, 16.9%), and chemotherapy alone (n = 1523, 27.7%). Main outcomes measured were (i) the trend of utilization of NACT and patient characteristics related to NACT assessed with multinomial regression analysis and (ii) overall survival (OS) assessed with multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. ResultsThe number of patients receiving NACT prior to surgery increased from 11.6% to 21.7% whereas those undergoing primary surgery followed by chemotherapy decreased from 62.7% to 48.3% (P < 0.001). Increasing utilization of NACT remained independent in multivariable analysis (adjusted-odds ratio per one-year increments 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.15). Increasing utilization of NACT was observed in several sub-cohorts including patients aged <65 years, ≥65 years, White, non-White, endometrioid, non-endometrioid, and cases with non-distant organ metastasis (P < 0.05). In a multivariable analysis, NACT followed by surgery and primary surgery followed by chemotherapy had comparable OS (median 25 versus 26 months, adjusted-hazard ratio [HR] 1.03, 95%CI 0.93–1.15). When examined for metastatic extent, NACT followed by surgery was associated with decreased OS compared to primary surgery followed by chemotherapy in the non-distant organ metastasis group (adjusted-HR 1.20, 95%CI 1.05–1.36) whereas it was associated with improved OS in the distant organ metastasis group (adjusted-HR 0.79, 95%CI 0.66–0.95). ConclusionThe treatment of stage IVB endometrial cancer is shifting from primary surgery to NACT in the United States.

Адаптивність зарубіжних сортів абрикоса (Armeniaca vulgaris Lam.) до дії низьких температур в умовах Київської області

The authors present the results of determining the winter hardiness and frost resistance of the three introduced cvs Ledana, NJA-19 and Leskora, grafted on the rootstock Pumiselect, by means of combining field and laboratory methods. The research was conducted in the apricot of the orchard educations training laboratory "Fruit and Vegetable Plantation" NULES of Ukraine and in the Laboratory of the Plant Physiology and Microbiology of the Institute of Horticulture NAAS in the cold periods of 2019 2021. One-year increments with buds were frozen in the refrigerator CRO/400/40 by means of reducing the temperature gradually to -25 and -30 ºC. The evaluation was carried out on the basis of the microscopic analysis according to the six-point scale (from 0 to 5 points). The critical damage of the generative buds of the plants of all the investigated varieties was detected generative (3.4-5.0 points) in laboratory conditions under the above mentioned freezing temperatures. The damage of the Leskora and NJA-19 trees shoot tissue under -25 ºC was not critical, at the same time under -30 ºC the damage of all the strains mentioned organs was rather more severe. On the average during the explorations years in was Ledana that appeared the most susceptible under freezing to 25 and 30 ºC. In the cultivar Leskora plants were high winter – hardy while the Ledana trees were the least resistant ones. Under the temperature below -20 °C the researched crop trees generative buds proved to be frozen, especially in the increments lower part. The weather conditions in the investigations period caused the considerable introduced cvs harvest loss and the vegetative organs freezing but the plants renewed quickly during the vegetation period. The explorations have shown that the weather conditions in the Northern part of the Lisosteppe (Kyivshchyna) are critical for the apricot growing because of the low temperatures effect, their fluctuations in winter and possibility of the late spring slight freezes during flowering. It is strains Leskora and NJA-19 that are the most favorable for the cultivation in the similar conditions. They will ensure high crop under the suitable cultivation conditions and high agrotechnics.

FROST RESISTANCE OF THE COLUMNAR APPLE TREE THE METHOD OF DIRECT FREEZING

Frost stress strongly affects the spatial distribution of plants. Among various weather hazards, frost causes the greatest economic losses in agriculture. Among various environmental hazards, it is frost that causes the greatest economic losses in agriculture. Although frost severely limits life forms and creates enormous economic losses, it has not been studied as thoroughly as other biotic or abiotic stresses. Frost resistance can be affected by many factors, including microclimate, soil condition, plant height, but they must be studied in a complex. The purpose of the research was to select frost-resistant cultivars and hybrids of the columnar apple tree under the conditions of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The research was carried out during 2021–2022 at the V.L. Symyrenko Department of Horticulture of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The experimental basis for conducting research was the columnar apple tree plantations of the Training Laboratory «Fruit and Vegetable Garden». Frost resistance was determined during the period of deep rest by the method of direct freezing of one-year increments. Freezing was performed in the laboratory of plant physiology and microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. In the researched plantations, when the test samples were frozen at temperatures of -25 and -30 °C during deep rest, different resistance of varieties and shoot parts to low temperatures was found. In all cultivars and hybrids of columnar type apple trees, the apical bud and generative buds were the most vulnerable, and the tissues of the middle and upper part of the shoot were the most resistant to frost. The damage index during general freezing was the lowest in the cultivars Valuta’, Sparta’, Favoryt’, Bilosnizhka’, as well as in the hybrids 9/110 Mykhailivske’, 11/15(2)’ and 9/78 Viktoriia’; it was the largest in the Bolero’ cultivars. Freezing of experimental samples at temperatures of -25 and -30 °C did not result in frostbite, critical for plants. All studied cultivars and hybrids of columnar apple trees are recommended for further research and production. The obtained results will be interesting for both experienced gardeners and amateur gardeners who plan to grow columnar apple trees in their garden.

GROWTH AND FERTILITY OF APPLE TREE SPECIES AKSAMIT AND PALANEZ DEPENDING ON THE CUTTING TECHNIQUES USED IN THE FORMATION OF THE SPINDLE-SHAPED CROWN

The article presents the research results for 2019–2020 (on the 2-3 year after planting the garden) in studying the effect&#x0D; of various degrees of shortening of one-year growth during the formation of a spindle-shaped crown on the growth and fruiting&#x0D; of trees of the Aksamit and Palanez species on a semi-dwarf rootstock 54-118.&#x0D; As a result, it was found that in the studied species the method of crown formation without shortening (cutting) the shoots&#x0D; contributed to the formation of a larger amount of fruit wood (laying the generative sphere).&#x0D; The shortening of one-year increments by 1/2 and 1/3 of the length during crown formation stimulated branching and led&#x0D; to the formation of a larger number of annual increments and their greater total length accordingly.&#x0D; The first fruiting of the studied species on a semi-dwarf clonal rootstock 54-118 was noted only on the third year after&#x0D; planting the garden with annual seedlings.&#x0D; In order to accelerate the fruiting of apple trees on a semi-dwarf clonal rootstock 54-118 when forming a spindle-shaped&#x0D; crown in the first two years after planting the garden, it is necessary to take into account their species characteristics:&#x0D; in the early ripening Aksamit species shortening of the annual growth should be excluded, and in the average ripening period&#x0D; Palanez species shortening of the one-year growth by 1/3 of the length is permissible.

US Budget Impact Model for Selinexor, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma.

PurposeTo estimate the budget impact of selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (XVd) in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma (MM) from the perspective of a private third-party payer and Medicare in the US.MethodsThe introduction of XVd as an option for patients with previously treated MM compared to no introduction of XVd was considered from a private third-party US payer (with 1,000,000 members) and a Medicare perspective in one-year increments for 3 years. Total annual treatment costs were calculated as the sum of drug costs, costs of treating serious treatment emergent adverse events (grade ≥3), ongoing best supportive care costs, and mortality costs.ResultsThe absolute budget impact (Millions, USD) of including XVd from a private third-party payer plan perspective was $0.06, $0.07, $0.08 and $0.22 for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. The relative budget impact of including XVd was 0.33%, 0.40%, 0.43%, and 0.38% for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. This translated to a per member per month (PMPM) budget impact of $0.005, $0.006, $0.007, and $0.006 (USD), for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. From a Medicare perspective, the absolute budget impact (Millions, USD) of including XVd was $29.68, $36.62, $39.42 and $105.72 for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. The relative budget impact of including XVd was 0.33%, 0.40%, 0.43%, and 0.38% percent for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. This translated to a PMPM budget impact of $0.041, $0.051, $0.054, and $0.049 (USD), for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. Sensitivity analyses showed general consistency with the base-case findings.ConclusionUnderstanding the potential budget impact of new therapies in MM is vital for payers to manage spending and assess treatment value. The introduction of XVd presents a manageable budget impact for a third-party US payer and Medicare.

U.S. budget impact (BI) model for selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (XVd) for the treatment of patients with previously treated multiple myeloma (MM).

e18839 Background: Despite advances in the treatment of MM, prognosis remains poor for most patients due to its refractory nature. In a phase 3 study, a once-per-week regimen of XVd showed a novel, effective, and convenient option for patients with previously treated MM. This study was conducted to estimate the projected budget impact (BI) of XVd in patients with previously treated MM from the perspective of a third-party payer and Medicare in the US. Methods: The introduction of XVd as a treatment option for patients with previously treated MM compared to the status quo (i.e. without the introduction of XVd) was considered from a private third-party US payer and a Medicare perspective in one-year increments for the first 3 years. The model assumed market uptake of 5.9%, 7.2%, and 7.7% at years 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Total annual treatment costs (2020 US dollars [USD]) were calculated as the sum of drug costs, the costs of treating serious treatment emergent adverse events (grade ≥3), ongoing best supportive care costs, and mortality costs. Results: In the base-case analysis for a private third-party payer plan (1,000,000 members), 3 to 4 patients were projected to receive XVd out of 47 to 49 eligible patients each year. The absolute BI (Millions, USD) of including XVd from a private third-party payer plan perspective was $0.06, $0.07, $0.08 and $0.22 for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. The relative BI of including XVd was 0.33%, 0.40%, 0.43%, and 0.38% for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. This translated to a per member per month (PMPM) budget impact of $0.005, $0.006, $0.007, and $0.006 (USD), for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. In the base-case analysis from the Medicare perspective (59,499,015 members), 1,361 to 1,808 patients were projected to receive XVd out of 22,892 to 23,425 eligible patients each year. From a Medicare perspective, the absolute BI (Millions, USD) of including XVd was $29.68, $36.62, $39.42 and $105.72 for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. The relative BI of including XVd was 0.33%, 0.40%, 0.43%, and 0.38% percent for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. This translated to a PMPM budget impact of $0.041, $0.051, $0.054, and $0.049 (USD), for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. One-way sensitivity analyses showed general consistency with the base-case findings. Conclusions: Understanding the potential BI of new therapies in MM is vital for decision makers to manage spending and assess the value of treatments. The introduction of XVd presents a small and manageable BI for a third-party US payer and Medicare.

Longitudinal Analysis of Refractive Errors in Premature Children during the First Three Years of Life

ABSTRACT Purpose To examine the longitudinal behavior of refractive errors in both retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and non-ROP screened premature children during the first three years of life. Methods This retrospective cohort included premature children (less than 37 weeks gestational age) born between 10/2011 and 8/2013 with ≥ two cycloplegic refractions. Cycloplegic refractions were converted into power vectors: M (spherical equivalent), J0 [positive for with-the-rule (WTR) and negative for against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism], and J 45 (oblique astigmatism). Each power vector component was fitted by multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models; the mean change over time was analyzed. Results Mean J0 was 0.59 (95% CI 0.53–0.66) at six months and 0.29 (95% CI 0.19–0.39) at 18 months; afterward, the change was <0.1 per year. J0 decreased −0.32 (0.64 diopters) over three years. When analyzed in one-year increments, the mean change in J0 and M was lowest at 24 months. M decreased 1.13 diopters over three years. Conclusion WTR astigmatism and spherical equivalent decreased over the first three years of life. WTR astigmatism accounted for the majority of amblyopogenic refractive errors. The change in J0 leveled after 18 months and the lowest rate of change was at 24 months in J0 and M, thus it may be appropriate to screen this high-risk population around 18–24 months.

US Budget Impact Model for Selinexor in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

ObjectiveTo estimate the budgetary impact of adopting selinexor (XPOVIO; Karyopharm Therapeutics, Inc.) for the treatment of adult patients with penta-refractory multiple myeloma (MM) from the perspective of a third-party payer in the United States (US).MethodsA budget impact analysis was conducted in one-year increments for the first 3 years after the introduction of selinexor for a private payer or Medicare Part D. Total annual treatment costs (2018 US dollars) were calculated as the sum of drug costs, costs of adverse events (AEs; grade ≥3), along with ongoing best supportive care costs. The number of eligible patients was derived from national epidemiology statistics, healthcare databases, and published literature.ResultsIn the base-case analysis, selinexor was associated with a per member per month (PMPM) cost of $0.0103 in year 3, assuming a market uptake of 64%, for a hypothetical private payer plan with one million members and four eligible patients. In a scenario analysis with 16 eligible patients with triple-class refractory MM regardless of the line of therapy (this additional scenario analysis was performed with an eligible population that does not fit squarely within the approved label for selinexor but was performed strictly for the purpose of demonstrating the results of the budget impact model when based on a larger pool of eligible patients), the estimated PMPM cost in year 3 was $0.0388. The model showed comparable sensitivity to treatment duration, wholesale acquisition cost for selinexor, and year 1 uptake. The base-case analysis conducted from the perspective of Medicare Part D was associated with a PMPM cost of $0.0078 in year 3 with 159 eligible patients.ConclusionsThe model estimates a small and manageable budget impact of adopting selinexor into a third-party US payer plan, given the low prevalence of penta-refractory MM.

From ‘20. and odd’ to 10 million: the growth of the slave population in the United States

ABSTRACT This research note describes the growth of the slave population in the United States and develops several new measures of its size and growth, including an estimate of the total number of slaves who ever lived in the United States. Estimates of the number of births and slave imports are provided in ten-year increments between 1619 and 1860 and in one-year increments between 1861 and 1865. The results highlight the importance of natural increase to the rapid growth of the U.S. slave population and indicate that approximately 10 million slaves lived in the United States, where they contributed 410 billion hours of labor. A concluding discussion highlights a few descriptive statistics historians might find useful, including the cumulative number of slaves who lived in the United States by decade and the proportion of slaves who were living at various moments in U.S. history, including shortly after the ratification of the Constitution in 1788 and at the start of the American Civil War in 1861.

PCN58 A US BUDGET IMPACT MODEL FOR SELINEXOR IN COMBINATION WITH DEXAMETHASONE FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED OR REFRACTORY MULTIPLE MYELOMA (RRMM)

To estimate the projected budgetary impact of adopting selinexor use in the intended patient population from the perspective of a third-party payer (private payer or Medicare) in the US. A budget impact analysis was conducted in one-year increments for the first 3 years after the introduction of selinexor as a treatment for eligible patients with penta-refractory MM. The number of eligible patients was derived from the incidence of MM reported in US epidemiology statistics from multiple sources. Total annual treatment costs were calculated as the sum of drug costs, best supportive care costs, and costs of treating serious adverse events (grade 3 or higher). Dosing, duration of treatment, and rates of adverse events were obtained from the prescribing information for selinexor. In a hypothetical private payer plan with one million members, annual number of selinexor eligible patients was estimated to be 4. In the base-case analysis, the introduction of selinexor was associated with a limited budget impact with a per member per month (PMPM) cost of $0.0103 in year 3, assuming a market uptake of 64%. The budget impact remained modest in a scenario analysis in which the selinexor eligible population included patients with triple-class refractory MM regardless of the number of prior lines of therapy with an estimated PMPM cost of $0.0388. The model showed comparable sensitivity to treatment duration, wholesale acquisition cost for selinexor, and year 1 uptake, when base-case inputs were varied by ±10%. Model results for a hypothetical medicare plan was also associated with a limited budget impact. With limited treatment options in the later lines, newly developed drug Selinexor in combination with dexamethasone for the treatment of multiple myeloma will have a small BI for a US health plan.

Trends in LDL-C and Non-HDL-C Levels with Age.

Understanding how blood lipid levels change with age in the general population is a precondition to defining dyslipidemia. To explore age-related trends in LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels in the general population, a large-scale cross-sectional study with 49,201 males and 35,084 females was adopted. Trends of non-HDL-C and LDL-C levels were plotted against each age (18 to 85 years old, one-year increments); the trends, as well as the influence of confounding factors on the trends, were validated and adjusted by linear regression modeling. The trajectory of LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels by age displayed a nonlinear correlation trend. Further multivariate linear regression modeling that incorporated sex-specific age phases showed that age was positively associated with LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels, with coefficients of 0.018 and 0.031, respectively, in females aged ≥18 to ≤56 years and negatively associated with LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels, with coefficients of -0·013 and -0.015, respectively, in females aged ≥57 years. The LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels increased with age in males ≥18 to ≤33 years of age, with coefficients of 0.025 and 0.053, respectively; the lipid levels plateaued at ≥34 to ≤56 years of age and subsequently decreased in those ≥57 years of age, with coefficients of -0.008 and -0.018, respectively. In contrast, pooled analyses without age stratification concealed these details. In conclusion, fluctuating increasing and decreasing lipid levels occurred with phases of aging in both sexes. Well-grounded age stratification is necessary to improve lipid-related pathophysiological studies.

984 – U.S. Seer Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Analysis in “Highdefinition” One-Year Age Increments Supports Screening Prior to Age 50 and Reveals Geographic Disparities in Early-Onset Disease Development

984 – U.S. Seer Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rate Analysis in “Highdefinition” One-Year Age Increments Supports Screening Prior to Age 50 and Reveals Geographic Disparities in Early-Onset Disease Development

Long-term etanercept retention patterns and factors associated with treatment discontinuation: a retrospective cohort study using Canadian claims-level data.

To examine 12-month retention rates over 6years of etanercept patients in Canada, and to identify factors associated with treatment discontinuation. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using longitudinal prescription drug claims data from IQVIA Private Drug Plan database (PDP), Ontario Public Drug Plan database (OPDP), and Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec database (RAMQ). Between 07/2008 and 06/2010, bio-naïve patients who initiated etanercept were identified and followed for 72months. Twelve-month retention rates were estimated in one-year increments and factors associated with time to discontinuation over the 72-month period were identified using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. The study identified 4528 etanercept patients (61% female, 85% rheumatic diseases, and 15% psoriasis). Twelve-month etanercept retention rates increased significantly for patients following their first year on therapy (p < 0.0001), with 66% of patients retained at year 1 vs. 79, 82, 84, 83, and 79% at years 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. 17.1% (n = 771) of patients were retained for the entire 72-month study. Patients with psoriasis were at increased risk (HR 1.199; p < 0.0001); while public drug coverage plan patients (OPDP HR 0.721; p < 0.0001 and RAMQ HR 0.537; p < 0.0001) were at decreased risk of treatment discontinuation. Twelve-month etanercept retention rates increased significantly for patients following their first year on therapy. Indication and drug coverage plan were associated with patients' time to etanercept discontinuation. With a better understanding of factors associated with retention, programs can be designed to address the specific needs of at-risk groups while supporting patients stable on therapy.

Factors associated to inpatient mortality rates in type-2-diabetic patients: a cross-sectional analytical study in three Peruvian hospitals.

Diabetes mortality has increased in recent years. In Peru, there are few studies on in-hospital mortality due to type 2 diabetes in the provinces. To determine factors associated to hospital mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in three hospitals from Cusco-Peru. An analytical cross-sectional study was performed. All patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 hospitalized in the city of Cusco during the 2016 were included. Socio-educational and clinical characteristics were evaluated, with "death" as the variable of interest. The crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios were estimated using generalized linear models with Poisson family and log link function, with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The values p <0.05 were considered significant. A total of 153 patients were studied; 33.3% (51) died in the hospital. The mortality rate increased when the following factors were associated: age of the patients increased the mortality rate by one-year increments (aPR: 1.02; CI95%: 1.01-1.03; p<0.001); to have been admitted by the emergency service (aPR: 1.93; CI95%: 1.34-2.77; p<0.001); being a patient who is readmitted to the hospital (aPR: 2.01; CI95%: 1.36-2.98; p<0.001); and patients who have had a metabolic in-hospital complication (aPR: 1.61; CI95%: 1.07-2.43; p=0.024) or renal in-hospital complications (aPR: 1.47; CI95%: 1.30-1.67; p<0.001). Conversely, the mortality rate was reduced when admission was due to a urinary tract infection (aPR: 0.50; CI95%: 0.35-0.72; p<0.001); adjusted by seven variables. A third of hospitalized diabetes mellitus type 2 patients died during the study period. Mortality was increased as age rises, patients admitted through emergency rooms, patients who were readmitted to the hospital, and patients who had metabolic or renal complications. Patients admitted for a urinary tract infection had a lower mortality rate.

Comorbid diseases as risk factors for incident posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a large community cohort (KCIS no.PSY4)

Nature disasters and terrorist attacks have occurred globally in recent years. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has gained increasing attention, but its incidence and comorbidities in the general population are different from those inside the disaster areas. The present study estimated incident PTSD and comorbid diseases for over a decade in a cohort from a community-based integrated screening program. Factors associated with the incidence of PTSD were analyzed using Cox regression models. PTSD incidence was estimated as 81 per 105 person-years. Incidence was higher in females than in males and one-year increments in age lowered the risk for PTSD by 3%. Adjusting for other factors, cardiovascular heart disease (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–2.04), bipolar disorder (aHR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.07–3.24) and major depressive disorder (aHR = 7.03, 95% CI: 5.02–9.85) all significantly increased 45%, 86% and 603%, respectively, the risk of developing PTSD. The low rate of people with incident PTSD receiving treatment in this community health screening population implies there is room for improvement in terms of early detection and intervention. Clinical preventive efforts may be made for patients seeking general medical help, especially those with cardiovascular disorders or mood disorders.

No Association of Diabetic Duration or Insulin Use with the Prognosis of Critical Limb Ischemia after Endovascular Therapy

To examine whether diabetic duration and insulin use are independently associated with the prognosis of critical limb ischemia (CLI) after endovascular therapy. We recruited 312 Japanese patients who underwent endovascular therapy for CLI. The outcome measures were major amputation and mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 69%, and 47% of the DM population were treated with insulin. DM patients with insulin use had hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 7.5 ± 1.3% and diabetic duration of 21 ± 11 years, whereas those without insulin use had HbA1c of 6.6 ± 1.4% and diabetic duration of 19 ± 11 years. Follow-up period was 93 ± 72 weeks; 55 patients underwent major amputations and 102 died. Diabetic duration and insulin use had significant associations with major amputation in each univariate model, with an unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.019 [1.000, 1.039] in one-year increments and 2.321 [1.368, 3.938], respectively. In the multivariate model, however, diabetic duration and insulin use were not significantly associated with limb prognosis, as HbA1c level was, with an adjusted HR [95% CI] of 1.332 [1.114, 1.593] in 1% increment. Mortality had no statistical association with any of these DM-related variables. Diabetic duration and insulin use were not independent risk factors for the prognosis of CLI after endovascular therapy.