Olive Oil Group Research Articles

Nutritional and potential health benefits of chufa oil, olive oil, and anhydrous milk fat against gallstone disease in a C57BL/6N mouse model.

Dietary lipids play a major role in many diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the health value of plant oils, particularly heart health, has been recognized. Despite these facts, limited information is available on the potential nutritional and anti-arteriolosclerosis effects of chufa oil, olive oil, and anhydrous milk fat in C57BL/6N mice. In the present study, the effects of olive oil (OO), chufa oil (CO), and anhydrous milk fat (AMF) on 4-week-old C57BL/6N male mice, a model for studies of diet-induced atherosclerosis, were investigated. The AIN-93G-based diet was supplemented with 15% of either OO, CO, or AMF. The final mixture of the diets contained 15% fat, approximately 1.25% cholesterol, and 0.5% sodium cholate. The data obtained showed that most mice had gallstone disease. The highest percentage of the gallstones formed were found in AMF groups (approximately 85.7% of the mice). However, the lowest one was found in the chufa oil group (42.9%), followed by the olive oil group (57.1%). Although the mice's food intake significantly differed, their body weights did not change during the feeding period. The diet supplemented with CO resulted in a significant reduction in serum cholesterol compared with the other groups. Livers from the CO-fed group showed higher triglyceride levels than those from the AMF group. No significant differences were found in atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic valve between the groups. Collectively, our results show no deleterious nutritional effects of the fats used on C57BL/6N mice fed cholesterol-rich diets. Chufa oil improved cholesterol metabolism and atherogenic index in mice. However, the major issue is the formation of gallstones in all mice, which is most prominent in AMF, followed by olive oil and chufa oil diets.

Triacylglycerols in human milk and their association with edible oils in maternal diet: A study of five regions in China

Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the predominant lipid in human milk fat (∼98 %). The association between TAG and maternal diet is interesting but barely understood. In this study, we analyzed the TAG composition in human milk of mothers consuming seven edible oils during three lactation stages in five cities in China. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify 147 species of TAGs. TAGs containing palmitic acid (P-TAG) and oleic acid (O-TAG) were significantly higher, whereas medium- and long-chain TAG was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in colostrum compared to transitional and mature milk. PLS-DA plots indicated the total TAG composition varied in different lactation stages and economic regions. Mothers consuming sunflower oil contained significantly lower (P < 0.05) P-TAG and O-TAG in their milk than the peanut oil group. O-P-L was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in rapeseed and olive oil groups. Significantly lower (P < 0.05) contents of TAGs containing linoleic acid (L-TAG) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA-TAG) were observed in the high oleic acid oil group. All the estimated factors explained 12.20 % – 33.40 % of the variation in different TAGs. These results contribute to a better nutrition strategy of maternal edible oils to promote breastfeeding.

The Effect of Testosterone on Serum Lipid Profiles, Glucose, Insulin and Leptin: A Experimental Study Based Animal Model

Background: Disruption in the endocrine system can cause many diseases. Based on this, the imbalance of sex hormones such as testosterone can change many serum factors. In this study, we examined the effect of testosterone on leptin levels, lipid profiles, and ultimately insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: Twenty one adult rats were divided into three groups of 7, including control group (C), olive oil group (O), and olive oil and testosterone group (OT). In the O and OT groups, they received olive oil and olive oil in combination with testosterone injection at the dose of 2 mg/kg/day, respectively. To evaluate the effects of hormonal imbalance on insulin resistance, various parameters such as leptin, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin were assessed. Results: The results showed that Triglyceride (TG) and insulin levels were higher in the OT group compared to the other two groups (P&lt;0.05). In contrast, leptin and cholesterol levels were higher in group C compared to the other two groups (P&lt;0.05) and glucose levels were higher in group O compared to the other two groups (P=0.01). Conclusion: In general, it can be said that testosterone can change serum lipid profiles, leptin, insulin, and glucose.

The antihyperlipidemic effects of coenzyme Q10 and gemfibrozil on hyperlipidemic male rats: a comparative study

Dyslipidemia is considered as the most common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and fatty liver disease. The available therapy aimed to decrease lipid profile and reduced long-term risk which do require lifelong therapy, hence adverse effects are suggestive. The goal of the present study is to compare the anti¬hyperlipidemic influence and hepatic side effects of CoQ10 and gemfibrozil in the hyperlipidemic male rats model. Twenty-five albino rats were divided into 5 groups: group 1(normal group), group 2 (olive oil group), group 3(hyperlipidemia-induced group) group 4 (CoQ10-treated group), and group 5 (gemfibrozil-treated group). Induction of hyperlipidemia lasts for 90 days and treatment lasts for 30 days. Serum liver enzyme analysis and liver histological study conducted to demonstrate the safety profile of the treatment agents. Analysis of the data revealed that the lipid profile parameters (except HDL) and liver enzymes were significantly (p&lt; 0.001) higher in the hyperlipidemic group (Group 3) compared to either the control group (Group 1) or olive oil group. Using CoQ10 (Group 4) and gemfibrozil (Group 5) has revealed that the lipid parameters and liver enzymes were significantly (p&lt;0.001) lower compared to the hyperlipidemic group (Group 3). Compared to control group, liver showed congestion of sinusoids, severe necrosis of hepatocytes, vacuolar degradation, and infiltration of inflammatory cells, these effects reversed in presence of CoQ10. Compared to gemfibrozil, CoQ10 provides safer and equally effective option for treatment of dyslipidemia represented by improved lipid parameters and liver enzymes alongside protected hepatic architecture.

Activity Test of Combination Candlenut Oil and Olive Oil on the Hair Length

Candlenut oil and olive oil have been discovered to promote hair growth. This experimental study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a combination of candlenut oil and olive oil on the length of hair in male rabbits. The experiment involved two male rabbits, with four areas on their backs shaved to apply the test solution, each area measuring approximately 3 cm x 3 cm and spaced 2 cm apart. Hair samples were collected by shaving six strands of hair from each area on the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, 15th, and 18th days. The treatment groups were divided into a negative control group that received no intervention and test groups that were treated with either candlenut oil alone, olive oil alone, or a combination of candlenut and olive oil. The results of the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p ? 0.05), indicating a significant difference among the groups. A post hoc test was conducted to determine the group with the best hair length statistically, and it was found that the group receiving candlenut oil had the highest mean rank value, followed by the olive oil group, and then the combination of candlenut and olive oil group.

Effects of Liquidambar Orientalis Oil on Liver and Kidneys in Heathy Wistar Rats

Background: Nowadays, the tendency towards alternative herbal therapies has increased due to the side effects of drugs. However, since the contents, method of use, dosage and toxic effects of herbal products are not fully known, undesirable situations are occasionally encountered. However, there are many experimental studies on the cytotoxicity of L. orientalis oil, most of these studies are in vivo modelling. In this study, the cytotoxic effects of L. orientalis oil on the liver and kidneys were investigated in healthy rats by oral administered. Methods: The study material consisted of 18 female Wistar albino rats (190-280 g) aged 8-10 weeks. All animals were housed under optimal temperature, light and humidity conditions and fed with normal rat pellet food ad libitum. Housing conditions were checked daily. Three groups were organized as L. orientalis oil, olive oil and control group, respectively. Each group consisted of 6 rats. L. orientalis oil group: L. orientalis oil (150 mg/kg) dissolved olive oil (0.6 mL). Olive oil group: Olive oil (0.6 mL). Control group: Empty gavage. The entire trial was performed by intragastric gavage once a day for 14 days. Result: The obtained data showed that serum biochemical parameters remained within normal ranges in oral use of Liquidambar orientalis oil (150 mg/kg) and did not show any difference with the control and olive oil groups. No pathological changes related to cytotoxicity were found in the samples taken from liver and kidney tissues.

Effectiveness of Microneedling Technique Using Olive Oil on the Severity of Gingival Inflammation and Plaque Accumulation: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Gingival inflammation, a hallmark of periodontal diseases, serves as a critical focus in oral health research. Characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gingival tissues, it reflects the body's response to bacterial biofilms accumulating on the tooth surfaces. This inflammatory process, initiated by the interaction between oral bacteria and the host immune system, can lead to a spectrum of periodontal conditions ranging from mild gingivitis to severe periodontitis. Understanding the efficacy of various methods to treat gingival inflammation is essential for refining treatment strategies and enhancing patient satisfaction in the realm of gingival inflammation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of employing the microneedling technique with olive oil on gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation in individuals with gingivitis. Materials and methods:Twenty-four individuals diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis were selected from Saveetha Dental College, Chennai. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group A, comprising 12 individuals who received mechanical periodontal treatment only andGroup B, consisting of 12 individuals treated with dermapen and topical olive oil. This involved the creation of microholes in the gingival tissue to enhance the concentration and penetration of the oils through the gingival tissues. Post-intervention assessments of gingival and plaque status were conducted using a gingival index and a plaque index at baseline, one, two, and four weeks. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Intergroup analysis was done using Mann-Whitney test and intra-group analysis was done using Kruskal-Wallis test for all the study parameters.Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. The mean plaque index scores were 2.02 ± 0.12 and 2.29 ± 0.21 in the subgingival scaling and microneedling with olive oil group respectively in baseline. The scores were 1.83 ± 0.29 and 0.57 ± 0.16in the subgingival scaling and microneedling with olive oil group respectively at the end of four weeks. The results of plaque index scores were statistically significant between the control and the intervened groups at the end of four weeks with a p value of 0.01*. The mean gingival index scores were 2.09 ± 0.16 and 2.37 ± 0.17 in the subgingival scaling and microneedling with olive oil group in the baseline respectively. The scores were 1.88 ± 0.23 and 0.96 ± 0.21 in the subgingival scaling and microneedling with olive oil group respectively at the end of four weeks. The results of gingival index scores were statistically significant between the control and the intervened groups at the end of four weeks with a p value of 0.01*. Our research showcased a novel and effective technique, unveiling a significant enhancement in gingival health accompanied by a reduction in both the average gingival index and plaque index.

Effect of per os administration of fucoxanthin alcoholic and oil extracts to Balb/c mice on biochemical parameters and serum cytokine level

Microalgae are a source of various biologically active substances, including carotenoids. One of the carotenoids of diatom microalgae is fucoxanthin, which has antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumour and anti-inflammatory properties that can be used in the treatment of a wide range of human and animal pathologies. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of alcohol and oil extract of fucoxanthin on biochemical parameters and levels of serum cytokines in mice during intragastric administration. Material and methods. Fucoxanthin extracts from the microalga Nanofrustulum shiloi were used. Mice of Balb/c strain were intragastrically administrated with 0.5 ml of oil (500 μg/ml) or alcoholic extract of fucoxanthin (187.5 μg/ml), mice in the comparison group were given 0.5 ml of olive oil or 45% ethyl alcohol once a day within 5 days. On the 8th day, blood serum was obtained and the level of albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, low (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL), urea, uric acid, creatinine, aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferases (ALT), lactate, stable nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (nitrites), cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ) was determined using ELISA with photometric detection. Results and discussion. In the comparison group, ethyl alcohol promoted an increase in serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, ALT, AST, nitrite, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α content compared to intact animals. Fucoxanthin alcoholic extract administration increased the level of LDL, HDL, uric acid, TNF-α and decreased albumin, cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine, ALT, AST, IL-6 content compared to control. The olive oil group showed a decrease in serum triglycerides, cholesterol, urea, uric acid, ALT and AST content but an increase in LDL, HDL, nitrite level compared to the control. Administration of fucoxanthin oil extract to animals decreased albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, uric acid, ALT, AST, lactate, IL-6, IL-10 compared to control. Conclusions. Thus, it was discovered that fucoxanthin in Balb/c mice contributes to a decrease in hepatic synthetic function, as evidenced by the change in the concentration of albumin, triglycerides, uric acid), influences energy metabolism (creatinine, lactate), cell membrane stability (cholesterol, LDL, HDL), serum transaminase activity, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines content.

Inhibitory effects of chlorophyll pigments on the bioaccessibility of β-carotene: Influence of chlorophyll structure and oil matrix

Chlorophylls and β-carotene are fat-soluble phytochemicals in daily diets, while their bioaccessibility interaction remains unknown. Eight dietary chlorophylls and their derivatives (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, pheophytin a, pheophytin b, chlorophyllide a, chlorophyllide b, pheophorbide a, pheophorbide b) were combined with β-carotene in six different oil matrices (corn oil, coconut oil, medium-chain triglycerides, peanut oil, olive oil and fish oil) and were subjected to in vitro digestion. Generally, chlorophylls significantly decreased β-carotene bioaccessibility by competitive incorporation into micelles. Dephytylated chlorophylls had a greater inhibitory effect on the micellarization and bioaccessibility of β-carotene compared to phytylated chlorophylls. In their co-digestion system, olive oil group exhibited the smallest particle size and biggest zeta potential in both digesta and micelles. For chlorophylls, the phytol group and their levels are key factors, which was also buttressed by the mice model where additional supplementation of pheophorbide a significantly hindered the accumulation of β-carotene and retinoids compounds.

Metformin modulates autophagic pathway in renal fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in adult male albino rats

ABSTRACT Backgrounds Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem. All progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Exposure to high concentrations of carbon tetrachloride (including vapor) can destroy the kidneys. Autophagy played an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of organs. Impaired autophagy was frequently associated with renal damage and fibrosis. Recent data suggests that metformin protects against a variety of kidney disorders. Aim To investigate the protective role of metformin on carbon tetrachloride induced renal damage via autophagy pathway. Materials and Methods Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups (10 rats, each); Group 1: control group. Group 2: olive oil group received olive oil 1.5 mg/kg twice weekly S.C for 12 weeks. Group 3: The ccl4 group, the rats were received ccl4 1.5 mg/kg twice weekly S.C for 12 weeks. Group 4: CCL4 and Metformin group received concomitant treatment of CCL4, 1.5 mg/kg twice weekly S.C and 100 mg/kg/day Metformin orally for 12 weeks. After sacrifice, kidneys were taken from all animal groups and processed for light and electron microscopy, immunological studies and biochemical tests. Statistical analysis was done. Results Administration of ccl4 resulted in histopathological changes in the kidney tissue in the form of areas of tissue destruction, inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion and fibrosis. Ultrastructurally, irregular thickening of GBM was observed. Improvement was noticed with concomitant treatment of ccl4 with metformin. Conclusion Metformin administration can modulate histological and biochemical effects in the renal tissue induced by of ccl4.

Alleviation of Lead Nitrate-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Garlic Essential Oil in Albino Mice: A Comprehensive Study on Inflammation and Genotoxicity

Lead (Pb) is a hazardous environmental contaminant that has been linked to renal impairments when consumed. As a part of this study, we explored garlic essential oil’s potential therapeutic uses against Lead nitrate (PbNo3)2-mediated nephrotoxicity. Six experimental groups of six mice each were employed and groupings were further formed as - Control, (PbNo3)2, (PbNo3)2 + low dosage of garlic essential oil, (PbNo3)2 + high dosage of garlic essential oil, (PbNo3)2 + Silymarin and (PbNo3)2 + olive oil groups. (PbNo3)2 treatment enhanced the progression of renal inflammation by activating the NFĸB signaling pathway which in turn increased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators like TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6. With that, the reduction of IL-10 cytokine level was also noticed. Interestingly, oral administration of garlic essential oil to some extent improved biological functioning since it was able to substantially decreased the inflammatory processes in the renal tissue. The Lead nitrate intoxicated group also showed substantially higher parameters of the comet assay, including the percentage of DNA in the tail, tail length and the moment of the tail, demonstrating the degree of genetic instability caused by heavy metal exposure. However, garlic essential oil to some extent was able to recover these parameters and ensure molecular repair.

Impact of supplementation with native cerrado fruit oil on the composition of breast milk of lactating Wistar rats

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of baru oil (Dipteryx alata Vog) supplementation on maternal milk and offspring of female Wistar rats. Animals were divided into three groups (n = 12), supplemented with baru oil, soybean oil, or olive oil, at a daily dose of 1,000 mg/kg during pregnancy and lactation. The body weights and food intake of rats were measured weekly and analyzed. Milk collection was performed manually from the 12th to the 21st day of lactation. After weaning, rats and pups were euthanized after a 6-h fast. Blood was collected from the animals, five sites of adipose tissue were removed from each mother rat, and the mesenteric site was removed from the pups. It was observed that breast milk from the group supplemented with baru oil had higher concentrations of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic and oleic acids. However, there was no statistical difference between the group supplemented with Baru and soybean oil or olive oil group. Supplementation of the three types of oils did not interfere with body weight gain, animal consumption, serum parameters, liver weight, and adipose tissue sites. However, it showed antiatherogenic activity.

Comparison of the effects of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the lipotoxicity of islets.

Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to combat saturated fatty acid (SFA)-induced cellular damage, however, their clinical effects on patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia are still controversial. Since comparative studies of the effects of these two types of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are still limited. In this study, we aimed to compare the protective effects of various UFAs on pancreatic islets under the stress of SFA-induced metabolic disorder and lipotoxicity. Rat insulinoma cell line INS-1E were treated with palmitic acid (PA) with or without UFAs including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), and oleic acid (OA) to determine cell viability, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammatory. In vivo, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 12w. Then the lard in HFD was partially replaced with fish oil (FO) and olive oil (OO) at low or high proportions of energy (5% or 20%) to observe the ameliorative effects of the UFA supplement. All UFAs significantly improved PA-induced cell viability impairment in INS-1E cells, and their alleviation on PA induced apoptosis, ER stress and inflammation were confirmed. Particularly, OA had better effects than EPA, DHA, and AA on attenuating cellular ER stress. In vivo, the diets with a low proportion of UFAs (5% of energy) had limited effects on HFD induced metabolic disorder, except for a slight improved intraperitoneal glucose tolerance in obese mice. However, when fed diets containing a high proportion of UFAs (20% of energy), both the FO and OO groups exhibited substantially improved glucose and lipid metabolism, such as decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting blood insulin (FBI)) and improvement of insulin sensitivity evidenced by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT). Unexpectedly, FO resulted in abnormal elevation of the liver function index aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum. Pathologically, OO attenuated HFD-induced compensatory hyperplasia of pancreatic islets, while this effect was not obvious in the FO group. Both MUFAs and PUFAs can effectively protect islet β cells from SFA-induced cellular lipotoxicity. In particular, both OA in vitro and OO in vivo showed superior activities on protecting islets function and enhance insulin sensitivity, suggesting that MUFAs might have greater potential for nutritional intervention on diabetes.

Unveiling the Impact of Nandrolone Decanoate on Kidney and Heart of Rattus Norvegicus

Background: The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) like Nandrolone Decanoate (ND) for enhancing physical performance and muscle growth is prevalent among athletes and non-athletes. However, the adverse effects of AAS on organ systems, particularly the kidney and heart, have been a growing concern within the medical and scientific community. Previous studies have highlighted the potential nephrotoxic and cardiotoxic effects of these substances, necessitating further research to elucidate the extent of organ damage. Objective: This study aims to investigate the histopathological effects of ND on the kidney and heart tissues of Rattus norvegicus and to draw comparisons with control groups to assess the severity of organ damage. Methods: A total of 15 Rattus norvegicus were divided into three groups: a control group, an olive oil group (positive control), and a steroid group (ND treated). The animals were housed under controlled conditions with a 12-hour light/dark cycle at 23±2°C. The steroid and olive oil groups received 50mg/ml intramuscular injections of ND and olive oil, respectively, twice weekly for six weeks. Following treatment, the animals were euthanized, and their kidney and heart tissues were extracted for histological examination. Tissues were fixed in 10% formalin, processed, and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&amp;E) for microscopic evaluation. Results: Histological analysis revealed significant alterations in the ND-treated group compared to controls. Kidney tissues from the ND group exhibited tubular dilation, epithelial degeneration, and necrosis with a noticeable increase in Bowman's space and vascular congestion. Quantitatively, tubular atrophy and degeneration were observed in 80% of the ND-treated animals, compared to none in the control and olive oil groups. Heart tissues in the ND group showed evidence of myocardial fibrosis and necrosis, with myocardial fibrosis observed in 70% of the steroid-treated animals, significantly higher than the control groups. Conclusion: The administration of Nandrolone Decanoate in Rattus norvegicus significantly impacts kidney and heart histology, underscoring the potential health risks associated with AAS use. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on the nephrotoxic and cardiotoxic effects of steroids, emphasizing the need for caution and further research in human healthcare to develop safer therapeutic alternatives.

Biochemical Alterations in Reproductive and Hepatorenal Functions in Male Rabbits Supplemented with Margarine, Natural Ghee and Olive Oil

The current study investigated the impact of synthetic margarine, natural ghee and olive oil ‎on the biochemical parameters of male rabbits, focusing on reproductive hormones as free ‎testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) also body ‎weight gain, antioxidant markers, hepatic and kidney functions. Forty male New Zealand ‎rabbits were randomly distributed to four groups, each containing 10 rabbits. The control ‎group was supplemented with the basal diet, while the margarine group was received 10% ‎margarine, the ghee group was fed on 10% natural ghee of diet and the olive oil group ‎received diet with 10% olive oil. Results indicated that the administration of synthetic ‎margarine throughout the experiment significantly increased body weight gain, liver enzyme ‎‎(AST), and renal profile (urea) in comparison to other groups. Moreover, there was a ‎decrease in reproductive hormones as free and bioavailable testosterone, and antioxidant ‎enzyme activity (GPx) in Margarine group; meanwhile, these modified parameters were ‎enhanced in ghee group and olive oil group. This study concluded that olive oil and natural ‎ghee had a more beneficial health impact on fertility performance compared to synthetic ‎margarine.‎

Effect of Aloe vera gel versus olive oil in the prevention of pressure ulcers among bedridden patients: A pilot study

Given the high occurrence of pressure ulcers in healthcare settings, this research sought to determine the efficacy of using Aloe vera gel or olive oil to prevent them in bedridden patients. Nurses often work long hours to avoid pressure ulcers, making it critical to investigate alternate remedies. Previous research revealed that Aloe vera gel and olive oil might accelerate pressure ulcer healing by lowering microbial presence and maintaining skin integrity, making them possible preventative strategies. The research included thirty volunteers who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Aloe vera gel, olive oil, or regular skincare. Over an 11-day period, the efficacy of each therapy in avoiding pressure ulcers was measured using the EPUAP (European Pressure Ulcers Advisory Panel) and Braden scales. Although direct comparison between the two treatment groups was restricted due to the small sample size, the Aloe vera gel and olive oil groups revealed a considerably decreased incidence of pressure ulcers compared to the control group. In conclusion, using olive oil and Aloe vera gel to the skin of bedridden patients showed promise in lowering the incidence of pressure ulcers. More study is needed to validate these results and make herbal treatments essential to preventative skincare practices for skin disorders in hospital settings.

Rat Yaralarında Olea europaea L. (Memecik zeytinyağı)’nin Antimikrobiyel ve İyileştirici Etkileri

This study evaluated the effectiveness of Olea europaea L. (Memecik olive oil) on wound healing in rats. A total of 63 Wistar albino rats were used to create a skin wound model. The study consisted of three groups: the control group, the olive oil group, and the positive control group (medication group). The results of the study revealed that the olive oil group exhibited faster wound healing, smaller wound areas, and a higher percentage of wound healing compared to the control and medication groups. Histopathological examination demonstrated a significant increase in epithelial tissue formation in the animals treated with olive oil. The presence of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties in olive oil may contribute to its positive effects on wound healing. The study also found that bacterial colonization increased on the second day in all groups, with the highest increase observed in the control group. However, by the 12th day, bacterial counts were found to be below the initial levels in both the olive oil and medication groups, except for the control group where it remained high. It is believed that the bacterial inhibitory effect observed in the group treated with olive oil is attributed to the phenolic compounds present in olive oil.

Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Effects of Three MUFA-Rich Oils on Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Mice.

Olive oil, rapeseed oil, and lard are dietary fats rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, but the effects of dietary oils enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids on hepatic lipid deposition have seldom been compared. Ninety 8-week-old C57BL/6J male miceare randomly divided into six groups and fed diets containing lard, rapeseed oil, or olive oil with a 10% or 45% fat energy supply for 16 weeks. Under high-fat conditions, serum total cholesterol levels in the lard and olive oil groups are significantly higher than those in the rapeseed oil group. Hepatic lipid content in the olive oil groupis higher than that in the other two groups. Compared with rapeseed oil, lard increases the liver levels of arachidonic, palmitic, and myristic acids and decreases the levels of eicosapentaenoic linolenic acid and linoleic acid. Olive oil increases the liver levels of docosatrienoic, arachidonic, oleic, and myristic acids; maltose; and fructose and decreases the levels of eicosapentaenoic, linolenic, and linoleic acids. Olive oil probably causes hepatic lipid deposition in mice, which may enhance hepatic lipid synthesis by activating the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways. By contrast, rapeseed oil shows a significant anti-lipid deposition effect on the liver.

Integrated analysis of microbiome and host transcriptome reveals the damage/protective mechanism of corn oil and olive oil on the gut health of grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu)

As digestive and immune organs of animals, the gut was frequently used to evaluate the health status of aquatic animals. In previous oil source alternatives study, corn oil (CO) had been found to induce gut inflammation, while olive oil (OO) had been found to be effective in protecting intestinal health. Three diets with different oil sources (fish oil, CO, OO) were formulated for an 8-week culture experiment, and it was proposed to combine 16S sequencing and transcriptome sequencing analysis to preliminarily elucidate the damage/protection mechanism of CO and OO on the gut health of grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu). We found that CO indeed damaged to gut health and destroyed the gut structure, while OO had a positive outcome in protecting the gut structure, promoting digestibility and relieving enteritis. Photobacterium, Romboutsia and Epulopiscium were significantly enriched in OO group and Staphylococcus were significantly enriched in CO group. Transcriptome sequencing further revealed CO could activated Complement and coagulation cascades, Staphylococcus aureus infection, Systemic lupus erythematosus, and Tuberculosis pathways; conversely, OO activated B-cell signaling receptors, promoted B-cell proliferation and apoptosis, and thus activated B-cell signaling pathways to enhance immunity, whereas OO can regulate IL17 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway to inhibit NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce pro-inflammatory response. By integrating the microbiome and transcriptome, further identified all differential microorganisms were directly and significantly correlated with differential genes, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Romboutsia, Staphylococcus might as the core regulates the expression of differential gene in the organism. These results reveal that different oil sources alter gut gene expression mainly by modulating the composition and abundance of gut microbiota, further regulating the health status of the gut. Gut microbiota could be used as biomarkers to provide reference and solutions for the mitigation of inflammation in aquatic animals.

Protective Effect Of The Antioxidant Butylated Hydroxytoluene (Bht) On Some Physiological And Biochemical Variables Of Male Rats Exposed To Stress By Starvation.

This study investigated the effect of Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) on some physiological and biochemical parameters of rats subjected to stress by starvation, and 56 mature males were divided into eight groups.(Control, Olive Oil, Starvation, BHT Concentration (100 mg/kg), BHT Concentration (50 mg/kg), Starvation + BHT concentration (100 mg/kg), starvation + BHT concentration (50 mg/kg), starvation + olive oil. The results showed that the olive oil group and BHT groups at a concentration (50, 100 mg/kg) There was no significant difference in most of the treatments within the studied variables. In contrast, the starvation group showed a significant decrease in the concentration of (Total protein, Albumin, Lipase Enzyme, Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme (LDH), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC). The control group, while the starvation + BHT group, did not show a concentration (100,50 mg/kg) Significant difference compared with the control group in all the variables as mentioned earlier, which shows clearly the protective effect of BHT against the negative effect of starvation by maintaining its concentrations within its normal level. Keywords: BHT; Starvation; Total Protein; Albumin; Lipase Enzyme; LDH; TAC.