Properties Of Oil Research Articles

Appropriate characterization of reservoir properties and investigation of their effect on microbial enhanced oil recovery through simulated laboratory studies

Appropriate characterization of reservoir properties and investigation of the effect of these properties on microbial metabolism and oil recovery under simulated reservoir conditions can aid in development of a sustainable microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) process. Our present study has unveiled the promising potential of the hyperthermophilic archaeon, identified as Thermococcus petroboostus sp. nov. 101C5, to positively influence the microenvironment within simulated oil reservoirs, by producing significant amounts of metabolites, such as biosurfactants, biopolymers, biomass, acids, solvents, gases. These MEOR desired metabolites were found to cause a series of desirable changes in the physicochemical properties of crude oil and reservoir rocks, thereby enhancing oil recovery. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that the microbial activity of 101C5 led to the mobilization of crude oil, consequently resulting in enhanced production rates and increased efficiency in simulated sand pack trials. 101C5 exhibited considerable potential as a versatile microorganism for MEOR applications across diverse reservoir conditions, mediating significant light as well as heavy oil recovery from Berea/carbonaceous nature of rock bearing intergranular/vugular/fracture porosity at extreme reservoir conditions characterized by high temperature (80–101 °C) and high pressure (700–1300 psi). Core flood study, which truly mimicked the reservoir conditions demonstrated 29.5% incremental oil recovery by 101C5 action from Berea sandstone at 900 psi and 96 °C, underscoring the potential of strain 101C5 for application in the depleted high temperature oil wells.

Evaluation of Aromatic Organic Compounds as Additives on the Lubrication Properties of Castor Oil

Evaluation of Aromatic Organic Compounds as Additives on the Lubrication Properties of Castor Oil

Research Progress on using Omics Technology to Examine the Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Natural Active Substances

Pathogenic microbial metabolism during food storage can lead to food spoilage, which can cause food poisoning and foodborne infections, posing a significant risk to human health and safety. Additionally, food spoilage generates greenhouse gases, which could contribute to global warming and have significant impacts. These challenges prompt us to explore effective solutions to reduce food spoilage, aiming to mitigate its adverse impacts. Many secondary plant metabolites have been used in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their natural antimicrobial activity and low drug resistance. However, the reported targets of antibacterial action are complex, and with the continuous development of research methods, it has become possible to deeply analyze the antibacterial mechanisms using omics technologies. This article discussed the trends and application of transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics in investigating the antimicrobial and antifungal properties of essential oils (EOs) and their active ingredients, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the use of plant EOs and their active ingredients in addressing health risks and environmental challenges posed by food spoilage.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Hydrosol Extract and Essential Oil Derived from the Aerial Parts of Salvia argentea

Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Hydrosol Extract and Essential Oil Derived from the Aerial Parts of Salvia argentea

Simulation of flow and heat transfer in high‐temperature and high‐pressure reservoir based on multi‐physical field coupling model at pore scale

AbstractThe use of irregular pore‐scale models to study heavy oil reservoirs with high‐temperature, high‐pressure, and high‐stress characteristics is effective. Previous studies have typically focused on regular models and conventional environmental reservoirs, with limited exploration of irregular models and reservoirs in extreme environments. In investigating the process of water displacing heavy oil within reservoirs under high‐temperature, high‐pressure, and high‐stress conditions at the pore scale, the utilization of the four‐parameter method creates a micro‐scale irregular porous media model. The model systematically considers the variation of physical properties of rocks and heavy oil with temperature. The results indicate that an appropriate increase in water injection rate or a decrease in reservoir contact angle will increase the recovery rate, temperature, and stress of the reservoir. At a displacement time of 0.3 s, with the water injection rate increasing from 0.004 to 0.01 m ∙ s−1, the reservoir's recovery degree experiences an increase of 0.091. Simultaneously, the average temperature and average stress of the reservoir increase by 29.66 K and 1.9464 × 109 N · m−2, respectively. At a displacement time of 0.3 s and with the contact angle decreasing from 2π/3 to π/3, the reservoir's recovery degree increases by 0.44537, and the average temperature and average stress of the reservoir increase by 2.87 K and 1.86 × 108 N · m−2, respectively.

Consumer perception and physicochemical properties of crude groundnut oil in comparison with selected vegetable oil

This study investigated the consumer awareness, consumption pattern and the quality of unrefined groundnut oil in comparison with soybean, sesame oil and palm olein obtained from stores in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria using a structured questionnaire administered to 400 respondents. Approximately 36% of the respondents claimed to know that oil from groundnut oil is different from other vegetable oils. A greater number of the respondents (47%) do not consume oil from groundnuts. About 54% of the respondents use palm olein, which could be due to its availability in the market. Oil type did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect the sensory properties of fried chicken. This study provided information on the consumption pattern of groundnut oil and revealed misconceptions about the presence of cholesterol in groundnut oil. Future studies are essential to educate consumers that groundnut oil is cholesterol-free.

An approach to combat multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strain using synergistic effects of Ocotea diospyrifolia essential oil in combination with amikacin

The natural antimicrobial properties of essential oils (EOs) have contributed to the battle against multidrug-resistant microorganisms by providing new ways to develop more effective antibiotic agents. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of Ocotea diospyrifolia essential oil (OdOE) and its antimicrobial properties combined with amikacin (AMK). Through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis, the primary constituents of OdOE were identified as α-bisabolol (45.8 %), β-bisabolene (9.4 %), γ-elemene (7.6 %), (Z)- β-farnesene (5.2 %), spathulenol (3.5 %), (Z)-caryophyllene (3.3 %), and (E)-caryophyllene (3.1 %). In vitro assessments showed that the combined administration of OdOE and AMK exerted a synergistic antibacterial effect on the multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strain. This synergistic effect demonstrated bacteriostatic action. OdEO combined with amikacin showed protein extravasation within 2 h of treatment, leading to bacterial death, which was determined by a reduction in viable cell count. The effective concentrations showed hemocompatibility. In vivo assessments using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model showed the survival of 85 % of infected nematodes. Therefore, the combination OdEO combined with amikacin exhibited antimicrobial activity against a multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strain. Thus, OdOE is a promising agent that may be considered for development of antimicrobial treatment.

Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils and Seed Extracts of Anethum graveolens from Southern Morocco: In Vitro and In Silico Approach for a Natural Alternative to Synthetic Preservatives.

Anethum graveolens is an aromatic plant traditionally used as an antispasmodic and carminative. The objective of this study is to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oils and extracts obtained from seeds gathered in Errachidia, southern Morocco. Additionally, the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these oils and extracts will be evaluated. GC-MS analysis of the EO isolated by hydrodistillation revealed that its main compounds were E-anethole (38.13%), estragole (29.32%), fenchone (17.21%), and α-pinene (7.37%). The phenolic components were extracted using the methods of decoction and Soxhlet. The assay of the phenolic compounds showed that A. graveolens seeds contained considerable amounts of polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins, with variable levels depending on the extract analyzed. HPLC/UV-ESI-MS analyses performed on the decoction revealed a structural diversity of the molecules present in this extract, the most important of which were umbelliferone (12.35%), 3-hydroxyflavone (11.23%), rosmanol (8.95%), biotin (8.36%), emmotin H (4.91%), and coumarin (4.21%). The antioxidant activity, as determined by three techniques (DPPH•, FRAP, and CAT), demonstrated that the essential oils (EOs) and extracts had a potent capacity to counteract detrimental free radicals, control the generation of reactive oxygen species, and mitigate oxidative damages. The antimicrobial activity of the Eos and extracts was carried out in a liquid medium against five strains (E. cloacae, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis) and four candidiasis (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis) and Aspergillus niger. The results showed the effectiveness of the EOs compared to the aqueous, ethanolic, and decoction extracts against most of the microorganisms tested. In addition, the ethanolic extract showed antifungal activity that was distinguished from that of the other extracts. The antimicrobial efficacy of the essential oils under study can primarily be attributed to the synergistic interactions among its three principal constituents (E-anethole, estragole, and fenchone). Furthermore, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation results reveal significant interactions and stability between the selected bioactive compounds and different target proteins involved in antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Compounds like 3-hydroxyflavone, emmotin H, trans-caftaric acid, methyl rosmarinate, 1-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose, and kaempferol exhibited better binding energies with the explored proteins, indicating their potential as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Finally, our findings emphasize the significance of A. graveolens seeds as a promising reservoir of advantageous health compounds that can serve as organic substitutes for the presently employed synthetic preservatives.

The radiative properties in the near-infrared band of crude oil emulsion dispersed in the seawater

The complex refractive index and radiative properties of crude oils are essential parameters for remote sensing, which is paramount for accurately and quantitatively detecting marine oil spills. In this study, the complex refractive index in the near-infrared band of crude oil from Daqing Oilfield is measured by the combined transmission - KK transformation method, and the absorption spectral features are analyzed. A modified-Mie method is employed to calculate the radiative properties of crude oil droplets immersed in an absorbing medium, and the impact of medium absorption is examined. Furthermore, the spectral absorption/scattering coefficient and scattering phase function of the oil-in-water (OW) emulsion dispersed in seawater are calculated, and the corresponding correlations between the radiative properties and chemical compositions of the crude oil are analyzed. The research reveals that the differences in the components of crude oil and seawater result in variations in the absorption peaks/troughs in their absorption spectra curve, which subsequently cause a gradual increase/decrease in absorption and scattering coefficients as the volume fraction of emulsion increases. The quantitative correlations of the absorption/scattering coefficient with the volume fraction of OW emulsion are presented, which are significant for improving the quantification monitoring of emulsified oil spills and identifying different types of pollutants.

Insights into the difference between diglyceride-oil based and triglyceride-oil based oleogels: Physical property, crystal structure and stability

This paper investigated the differences in the structure and properties of diglyceride (DAG) oleogels (DAG as the oil phase) and triglyceride (TAG) oleogels (TAG as the oil phase) with different gelator concentrations of beeswax (BW) and monoacylglycerol (MAG). When BW was used as gelator, compared with TAG oleogels, the mass of β′ crystals in DAG-oil based oleogels increased, the crystal network stability improved, and the G′ increased. In addition, the DAG-oil based oleogels prepared with BW showed hydrogen bonds. When MAG was used as gelator, the G′, the thermal and crystal network stability of DAG-oil based oleogels decreased compared to TAG oleogels, and large number of crystal clusters were formed. In addition, DAG-oil based oleogels showed lower oxidative stability than TAG oleogels. These results contribute to a better understanding the properties of DAG oil based oleogels and facilitate the development of low-fat functional plastic products.

Light crude oil rheology under chemical solvents treatment

Abstract This work attempts to study the rheological behavior of Algerian light crude oil from Hassi-Messaoud field with and without chemical solvents in order to improve the flow characteristics. Using the rheometer AR2000, an experimental investigation was conducted to measure the rheological properties via flow test and dynamic mode (oscillation) at various temperatures. Several factors such as temperature (20, 30, and 45 °C), shear rate (between 0.01 and 700 s−1), and solvent concentration (between 2 and 6% of toluene, naphtha, and kerosene) on the rheological parameters have all been studied for this purpose. The statistical parameter standard error (SE) provided justification for the experimental validation of the Herschel-Bulkley model. The results of the flow test showed that these solvents had a significant impact on the flow characteristics of light crude oil at various temperatures, with toluene being the most effective. The viscoelastic properties of crude oil were shown to be considerably influenced by temperature and solvent type, as demonstrated by the dynamic mode study that identified the complex modulus (G*), elastic modulus (G′), and viscous modulus (G″).

Evaluation of SC-CO2–brine on the micro-mechanical properties of lamina shales by micro-scratch test

The mechanism of SC-CO2–brine–rock interaction (SCBRI) and its effect on the mechanical properties of shale are crucial for shale oil development and CO2 sequestration. To clarify the influence of SCBRI on the micromechanics of shale, the lamina and matrix of shale were saturated with SC-CO2–brine for 2, 4, 6, and 8 days, respectively. The micro-scratch technique was then used to measure the localized fracture toughness before and after SC-CO2–brine saturation. Combining the micro-scratch results with SEM-QEMSCAN-EDS analysis, the differences in mineral composition and mechanical properties of lamina (primarily composed of carbonate minerals) and matrix (primarily composed of clay minerals) were studied. The QEMSCAN analysis and micro-scratch results indicate distinct mineralogical compositions and mechanical properties between the lamina and the matrix. The results showed that: (1) SCBRI leads to the decrease in carbonate mineral content and the significant increase in matrix porosity and laminar cracks. In addition, the damage degree increased at saturation for 6 days. (2) SCBRI weakens the mechanical properties of shale. The scratch depth of laminar and matrix increased by 34.38% and 1.02%, and the fracture toughness decreased by 34.38% and 13.11%. It showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. (3) SCBRI enhances the plastic deformation behavior of shale, and the plastic index of lamina and matrix increases by 18.75% and 21.58%, respectively. These results are of great significance for evaluating the mechanical properties of shale oil and gas extraction by CO2.

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a New Type of Polyethylene-vinyl Acetate/Polystyrene Microsphere Composite Pour Point Depressant for Waxy Crude Oil.

Polymer/inorganic nanocomposite pour point depressant (PPD) is a research hotspot in the field of waxy crude oil pipelining. However, the inorganic nanoparticles need to be organically modified to improve their organic compatibility, and the inorganic nanoparticles are harmful to crude oil refining. In this work, organic PSMS with an average size of 1.4 μm was first synthesized by dispersion polymerization. Then, a new type of EVA/PSMS composite PPD was prepared by melt blending. The effects of the PSMS, EVA PPD, and composite PPD on the pour point, rheological properties, and wax precipitating properties of a specific waxy crude oil were investigated. It was found that adding 50-200 ppm of PSMS alone slightly improves the crude oil rheology through a spatial hindrance effect, while adding 20 ppm of EVA PPD greatly improves the crude oil rheology by modifying the wax crystal morphology. Compared with EVA PPD, adding 20 ppm composite PPD improves the crude oil rheology further, and the rheological improving ability first enhances and then weakens with increasing the PSMS content in the composite PPD (0-10 wt %). At the PSMS content in the composite PPD 5 wt %, the EVA/PSMS 5% composite PPD makes the wax crystal aggregates more compact, thus showing the strongest rheological improving ability. The EVA molecules could adsorb on the PSMS and form the composite particles, which further regulate the wax crystal morphology and then improve the crude oil rheology further.

Design of Delivery Systems (Nanoemulsions and Biopolymer Nanoparticles) of Cloves Essential Oil: Preparation, Characterizations, Study the Release, and Antioxidant Activity

Abstract BACKGROUND: Clove oil has a wide range of therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. It is also used in the manufacture of pesticides and antifungals, as well as many advantages. The study aims to improve the properties of essential oils, especially clove oil, and make them more stable by the design of delivery systems (nanoemulsions and biopolymer nanoparticles). METHODS: Clove oil was mixed with water in the presence of tween-20 as a polysorbate-type nonionic surfactant, and then carboxymethyl cellulose was added with different ratios of glycerin as a cross-linking agent. The formation of the clove nanogel was tested by spectrophotometric assay 2.2.2 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and morphology method field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), also the rate of clove oil release during different periods, and hemolytic and antioxidant activity were tested. RESULTS: The nanoparticles were demonstrated by DLS and FESEM. The polydispersity index value was 0.279, indicating good monodispersity and good stability, while higher release values were obtained when glycerol was not present as a cross-linker. In addition to the higher antioxidant, values of the clove oil nano emulsion (CNE) have a maximum inhibition of 65% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, whereas clove nano-gel (CNG) at the same concentration exhibited 59.2% inhibition. The calculated IC50 values of CNG and CNE were 6.58 and 3.25 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study proved through the results obtained that nanocomposites help stabilize components, especially volatile oil, which increases their effectiveness.

Optical, rheological, and dielectric properties of coconut oil between 100 kHz and 30 MHz

In this paper, the dielectric behaviour of coconut oil within the frequency range 100 kHz to 30 MHz between temperature 30 °C–50 °C has been observed. The measured values of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss show notable variation with frequency and temperature for pure coconut oil. It is noticed that the dielectric constant (ε՛) and dielectric loss (ε՛՛) of coconut oil decreases with increasing temperature. The variation in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss with frequency also showed decreasing trend with frequency. UV absorbance of coconut oil for wavelengths ranging from 200 nm to 800 nm and FTIR spectra have also been recorded. The viscosity of oil between temperature 30 °C–50 °C has also been reported.

Whey edible film enhanced with ginger essential oil: characterization and antimicrobial activity

Abstract Antimicrobial edible films made from whey and ginger essential oil extend the shelf life of packed goods by reducing, preventing, or delaying the growth of germs that may be found in the packaging of food or materials. This research aims to develop a film using whey and ginger essential oil film, focusing on properties such as thickness, solubility, elongation, tensile strength, water vapor transfer rate (WVTR), microstructure, color measurement, and antibacterial properties of ginger essential oil, and its ability to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms. An experimental study was conducted to analyze the physical and antibacterial characteristic of edible film, utilizing a randomized design with four different treatments. The film was made with 7% whey protein concentrate (WPC), 0.28% tapioca starch, and various amount of ginger essential oil (C0: 0% ginger essential oil, C1: 0.1% ginger essential oil, C2: 0.3% ginger essential oil, C3: 0.5% ginger essential oil). The concentration of ginger essential oil affected the tensile strength, WVTR, and microbial inhibitory action. Based on all characteristics, the optimal treatment is 0.5% GEO concentration, with a thickness of 0.12 ± 0.01 mm, solubility 3.67 ± 0.58%, elongation of 4.35 ± 0.66 %, tensile strength of 2.72 ± 0.38N, WVTR 14.67 ± 0.33 g/m2.day−1 and Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus inhibition. According to the findings, including ginger essential oil can potentially increase the antibacterial characteristics of whey edible film composites.

Clove oil additives in vegetable oil: an assessment of fuel properties

Vegetable oil, obtained from plants such as coconut or Jatropha curcas, serves as a valuable renewable energy source. Nonetheless, it presents certain limitations in comparison to diesel fuels, namely, low volatility and high viscosity. One straightforward approach to overcome these limitations is the addition of high-volatility oil and low-viscosity oil. In this study, we incorporated 10% clove oil into coconut oil and Jatropha curcas oil. Fuel properties, including density, viscosity, flash point, and heating value, were measured in accordance with international standards. Additionally, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) testing was performed to detect decomposition during the heating process. The findings indicated that the addition of clove oil increases density (from 0.922 g/ml to 0.934 g/ml), while other properties decrease, such as viscosity (from 30.12 cst to 27.7 cst), flash point (from 286°C to 182°C), and heating value (from 37.1 MJ/kg to 35.8 MJ/kg). TGA demonstrated that the inclusion of clove oil resulted in increased decomposition within the temperature range of 200°C–400°C, suggesting that clove oil falls into the category of medium-volatile oils. Although the addition of clove oil were able to modify the fuel properties of vegetable oil, it did not align with the characteristics of conventional diesel fuel and necessitates further modification for practical implementation

Effect of Lantana camara l. Essential oil: a natural solution for managing stored grain insects

Grain production increases annually, yet stored grain pests pose a persistent challenge to agriculture. While pesticides have traditionally been the primary solution, their improper and widespread use has led to the development of resistance in some pests, rendering them ineffective. Consequently, essential oils have emerged as a promising alternative to address this issue. In this research, the insecticidal and repellent properties of essential oil extracted from L. camara were assessed against significant stored grain pests viz., Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil), (rice weevil), Rhyzopertha dominica (dhal beetle), and Carpophilus dimidiatus (peanut beetle), aiming to determine its potential as a viable method for safeguarding stored grains against the most prevalent pests. The results were promising, however, the underlying mechanism of action have not yet been fully understood. Allocating resources towards researching alternative methods of pest control can significantly enhance sustainable agricultural practices.

Study of the physicochemical properties of hass avocado oil encapsulated by complex coacervation

This study aimed to encapsulate Hass avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) oil through complex coacervation using a gelatin:sodium alginate (NaAlg) mixture and assess the physicochemical properties of the resulting encapsulates. Turbidity, z-potential, and efficiency analyses indicated that the optimal conditions for oil encapsulation were a pH value of 4.0 and a gelatin:NaAlg solids ratio of 3:1. Coacervates formed with lower concentrations of solids exhibited superior morphologies compared to those obtained with higher concentrations. Encapsulation yield ranged from 34.7 to 86.8%, and the encapsulation efficiency ranged between 57.4 and 92.2%. Furthermore, the samples demonstrated low water activity (ranging from 0.01 to 0.36) and moisture content (2.18–9.25%), showcasing the high microbiological stability of the powder. Overall, the encapsulates displayed low hygroscopicity (<15%), suggesting enhanced technological stability for the product over time. Additionally, they exhibited good thermal stability, with degradation initiation temperatures surpassing 190 °C. This study highlights the technological potential of complex coacervation as a method to encapsulate Hass avocado oil. This approach offers a promising and viable alternative to use this material in various industrial applications.

Hydrocarbon composition and properties of oils of the Apsheron Peninsula and their connection with geological mode of occurrence

Hydrocarbon accumulations in the Lower Pliocene Productive Series of Apsheron Peninsula have formed owing to subvertical hydrocarbon migration from the underlying Maykop and Diatom source formations. This concept has been substantiated by the recent studies based on the molecular-isotopic characteristics of organic matter, oil and gas. The most notable feature of the Apsheron oils is the stable predominance of paraffin-naphthene HCs in all oil fractions, and this is true for all the fields considered. Meanwhile two geological features had major influence on formation of the composition and properties of Lower Pliocene oils in Apsheron Peninsula. In structures unaffected by tectonic erosion more mobile light components of oils happened accumulated in upper stratigrafically younger horizons due to natural fractionation of hydrocarbons on their upward migration routes. In anticlinal folds with washed out crestal part physical and biochemical degradation has caused the loss of light hydrocarbons, first of all of methane fraction, and in this way weighting up of oils. From top to bottom, towards the basal PS suites the distillate fractions show reduction in the light ends (gasoline and naphtha), which is predictably accompanied by an increase in the amount of bottoms. Compositional variation in oil hydrocarbons laterally and through the section of the peninsula is graphically demonstrated on the basis of gasoline, ligroin, kerosene and diesel cuts of oil. In terms of elemental composition, the deeper the stratigraphic occurrence of the reservoir, the more the whole oil is enriched in sulphur- and nitrogen-containing polar compounds. Keywords: oil; hydrocarbon composition; Apsheron Peninsula; the Productive Series; Lower Pliocene.