Oil Production Enterprises Research Articles

Current and Voltage Harmonic Analysis of the Oil Production Enterprise with Abruptly Variable Load

The monitoring results of 6 kV diesel power plant mode parameters are presented in the paper. The diesel power plant supplies the drilling unit of the oil production enterprise. The main goal of the paper is to estimate electric power quality indexes connected with voltage unsinusoidality of the monitored off-grid power system, to compare them with specified in State Standard 32144-2013 [1] and to provide high harmonics reduce methods. The real mode parameters measurements of 3600 kVA diesel power plant in different technological processes connected with oil production were used during the research. The MATLAB software and integrated Fourier transform function were applied to elaborate the mode parameters measurements. Based on harmonic analysis generalized results it is obtained that in many technological processes electric power quality indexes fail to meet the requirements of State Standard 32144-2013 [1]. The filter compensating device with reactive power 1350 kvar installed on 6 kV bus doesn’t allow to supply required electric power quality indexes. The DC drive thyristors rectifiers and the frequency converters of the asynchronous motors of the drill unit parts are the main sources of high harmonics in steady-state modes. The harmonic composition essential changes and electric power quality indexes are reduced due to load power dumps and surges. The high harmonics in such modes are caused by transients in synchronous generators providing supply of the considered power system. The quick-operating electric energy storage system with active power filter function [2] has been proposed as a method to reduce the harmonics.

PRINCIPLES OF INSTALLING LOCAL MONITORING POINTS OF THE GROUND AND SURFACE WATER AT OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION SITES

The article considers the principles for the spatial layout of local monitoring points of the hydrosphere state on the territory of oil and gas production enterprises. The general conceptual approaches to the development of monitoring network have been defined with account of the specifics of oil and gas production facilities that are viewed as pollution sources of the underground and surface water. The selection and location criteria for the monitoring points have been developed, which have been classified into such categories as water supply wells, water pits, tapping springs, monitoring wells and surface water objects. The author has proved that the key basis for installing the water monitoring points is the digital terrain model, which serves the basis for defining not only the structure of surface water runoff, but also the water flow course of shallow unconfined groundwater. The algorithm for developing the digital terrain model and for modeling the borders of water catchment areas on the selected sections by means of geoinformation technologies has been provided. The author of the article has analyzed the principles of installing the monitoring wells, based on the directions and filtration parameters of the phreatic aquifer. However, their main task should be the quick interception of contaminated water at the operation sites of oil and gas production facilities. Therefore, the number of monitoring wells depends on the number of such objects (or areas of their concentration) on the oil and gas field. In the absence of hydrogeological data on the plane structure of the groundwater surface levels, it is appropriate to use the model of water runoff to define the water flow course, at least in the landscape conditions of the Eastern oil and gas basin in Left-Bank Ukraine. To define the layout of the surface water quality monitoring points, the most effective tools are to develop the digital terrain model and to model the borders of water catchment areas on the selected sections by means of modern geoinformation technologies. The article includes the approaches to the installation of local network monitoring points of the underground and surface water, which can be also applied to the estimation procedure of the environmental impact of both oil and gas deposits in general and separate oil and gas facilities.

STAGES OF NONSTATIONARY FLOODING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

Background In the article possibilities of nonstationary flooding technology are considered. The basic physical principles of technology are stated. The reasons for low popularity of nonstationary flooding technology for oil production enterprises are revealed. Aims and Objectives To substantiate the urgency of using and improving nonstationary flooding technologies impact, conducting pilot industrial works for adaptation and creation of new nonstationary flooding technologies, and also to determine the conditions for their application effectiveness. Results The results are as follows: 1. in the 1990s, the decisive influence in the oil-producing industry was made by experts oriented to Western technologies. Nonstationary flooding was not included in the list of these technologies; 2. despite its relative simplicity, practical implementation of nonstationary flooding technology requires considerable preliminary preparation. Nonstationary flooding is one of the most knowledge-intensive methods of increasing oil recovery; 3. nonstationary flooding technology, imple-mented on an oil deposit, tends to «aging», i.e. its effectiveness decreases over time. It requires a constant change in technology, its integration with other methods.

Characteristics of small-scale palm oil production enterprise in Anambra State

The study examined characteristics of small-scale palm oil production enterprise in Anambra State, Nigeria. All the palm oil producers in Anambra State formed the population of the study. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 120 respondents for the study. Data were collected from primary source through validated interview schedule. Data were presented and analyzed using percentage, mean score and factor analysis. Findings show that: mean age was 48.67 years, household size, 7.00 persons and palm oil processing experience, 18.3 years. The majority (93.3%) processed palm fruits as individual or family enterprise, 51.7% pounded cooked palm fruits in large wooden or concrete mortars, 55.8% used hand pressing and 85.0% used NIFOR /Stork hydraulic hand press. The findings further showed the mean annual quantity (174.67 litres), revenue (₦163,417), cost (₦68,000) and profit (₦88,417) of palm oil production, implied that palm oil production in the area was profitable. The major constraints to palm oil production were related to incentive/infrastructure, productivity and socio-economic. The need to improve productivity by encouraging increased use of modern technologies and ensuring good markets for palm oil to encourage more farmers to take up the enterprise was recommended.Keywords: Palm oil production enterprise; Small-scale processors

FUZZY MODELLING IN RISK ASSESSMENT OF OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION ENTERPRISES’ ACTIVITY

The purpose of the article is to develop a fuzzy model of assessment of risks of activities of oil and gas production enterprises. Methodology. Due to a large number of factors, influencing the probability of risk occurrence, and in order to obtain a comprehensive indicator during the research, we have applied a fuzzy cascade model of the Mamdani type. Research results. In the conditions of instability and constant uncertainty of oil and gas production processes, identification and forecasting of the occurrence of risks of operations of oil and gas production enterprises by traditional mathematical methods of modelling provide no required reliability and accuracy of forecasting. In this regard, we propose an integral assessment and application of the fuzzy logic methodology for obtaining the required results for the adoption of effective managerial decisions. Despite the complexity of the mathematical apparatus, risk assessment on the basis of the theory of fuzzy sets makes it possible to create a sufficiently flexible model, which will operate with a large number of input arguments and give as a resultant variable a value, which can be considered to be objective with some degree of approximation. Practical importance. The step-by-step addition of each group of risk factors to the model allows obtaining reliable results of the probability of occurrence of risk events on a real-time basis, which significantly reduces the company’s losses. Value/originality. According to the results of the research, the Mamdani-type fuzzy cascade model of the assessment of risks of the activities of the oil and gas production enterprises is developed for the first time.

Does Actor Perspective Matter? A Case Study of Designing Intervention for Small‐Scale Palm Oil Production Enterprises in Kwaebibirem District of Ghana

AbstractDespite the fact that the government of Ghana imports the bulk of its industrial palm oil needs, it still fails to give assistance to about 80 percent of small‐scale producers to enhance development in the industry. To design interventions that will be sustainable for and beneficial to these producers, it is important to understand their perspectives first, so as not to “fix development” for them. This case study in the Kwaebibirem District of Ghana uses an actor‐oriented approach to understand the dynamics in the palm oil enterprise (kramer). Improvements in the kramer evidently evolve from the actors’ own agency. Any intervention for development should therefore first understand the dynamics of the kramer as a social field, and take this perspective as a bottom‐up starting point. This article is divided into six sections; the first section is an introduction, while the second describes our methodology. We next outline our conceptual approach, followed by an analysis of experiences of actors and their interactions. We then describe the resource flows and their interrelationships, including the power relations at play in the kramer networks. Finally, we conclude by drawing lessons on the relevance of an actor perspective in designing a learning intervention for processors, scientists, and extensionists.

Methods to Assess Economic Loss while Implementing Energy Saving Programs in Oil-Production Enterprises

To justify energy-saving measures in certain oil-production enterprises it is necessary to classify facilities, social and economic results of energy saving and means of their achievement to validate the system of energy-saving efficiency in oil sector. It is essential to take into account the peculiarities of the economic efficiency of the set of energy-saving measures which are determined by the specific character of energy efficiency at different stages of the process and take place in production, treatment and transportation of oil in oil-production enterprises. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3p766

Multiobjective Approach in Developing Oil Production Enterprise’s Production Strategy

The paper is concerned with issues of methodological support of selection of preferred option of production strategy. Russian oil production enterprises are the study object. The paper provides characteristics of current business environment, main features of running oil and gas organizations are stated, the need for timely flexible strategic decision making in the area of production management given the specific features of industry companies is proved. Moreover, the problem of the lack of available theoretical and methodological instruments of management decision making, the need for their adaptation to operational environment of stated business entities is revealed. It’s stated that complex changing conditions predetermine special requirements for these instruments. Particularly, methodological approaches are needed that allow making decisions according to various criteria. Given this, criteria may confront each other. The technology of multiobjective optimization is chosen as a basis for further modification. The paper attempts to integrate strategic and production management, and also management decision making theory by means of considering local (partial) performance indicators of production organization target strategic parameters of production strategy. Subsequently suggested indicators will be used as measuring means when choosing the preferred variant of decision based on multiobjective optimization methods. Recommendations concerning objective function generation, analysis and adjustment of partial criteria for adding into estimation model. It’s proved that target and secondary business processes should be considered interrelated and interdependent for the purpose of production strategy elaboration due to specific nature of oil producing companies’ core operations organization. Therefore, estimation models are developed correspondingly. In conclusion author’s research guidelines are stated. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s3p193

Distribution of inorganic pollutants over the depth of upper peat deposit

A model of distribution of inorganic substances in the polluted waters of an oligotrophic bog has been developed and geomigratory calculations have been carried out on the example of Vasyugan Bog. It is shown that the most significant changes of mineralization of bog waters caused by the inflow of industrial waste waters from oil and gas production enterprises are referred to the high layer with a thickness of approximately 0.5–1.0 m. The creation of loam as an insulating barrier in the active layer of the bog helps reduce the negative impact on the waters, but does not preserve their baseline state on the lower layer.

Развитие оперативного контроллинга затрат в рамках автоматизированной системы управления нефтедобывающей компании

In the current economic conditions it is particularly important to create reliable cost information, using the tools of the automated system operational controlling. Lack of an effective system of controlling of cost and management accounting often leads to problems in the development of management strategies by financial results and cost’s of oil production enterprises. ERP-system is currently possible to develop an effective strategy of cost management , but the controversial issues are the choice of objects of managerial cost accounting of oil and gas company, develop options for synthetic and analytical cost accounting group, using the 30 accounts and specific analytical grouping costs, creating transformation models of cost elements, costs of processes and costs, collected in their places of origin in the cost of oil and associated gas. According to a survey of large and marginal companies of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Russian Federation, in the article we presented the content and relationship diagram of objects of costs controlling within automated enterprise management system, the classification of costs for primary and secondary, codes of 30th accounts, reflecting costs elements, the composition of the oil activities companies, which are formed in the context of costs according to the principles of the ABC method and the scheme of the formation of oil production costs within the automated control system of the company (SAP). The recommendations allow you to develop the costs controlling concept, as at group level and at the level of Oil and Gas Management.

METABOLIC SYNDROME RISK FACTORS AMONG OIL PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE EMPLOYEES

In order to detect the metabolic syndrome risk factors in employees of an oil production enterprise causing development of the coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, Diabetes type 2 and increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications, there has been undertaken a comparative cross-sectional screening study. All the workers (n = 200) were examined by a cardiologist, body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids and blood aromatics were assessed. There has been established significant incidence of arterial hypertension (31.4 %), dyslipidemia (61.0 %) and overweight (68.0 %) in the employees working in conditions of exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons. There have been defined relationships of aromatic hydrocarbons with dyslipidemia (р < 0.05). The results of the cardiovascular risk assessment have shown, that it was necessary to consider impact of aromatic hydrocarbons on development of the metabolic syndrome in the workers as a predictor of cardiovascular pathology.

Regarding life-cycle management of electrotechnical complexes in oil production

The complex aspects of the life-cycle management of electrotechnical complexes of oil-production enterprises by the integrated logistic support method have been considered.

Assessing Risk Preferences in E&P Operational Settings

Risk preferences influence decision making across the entire oil and gas exploration and production (E&P) enterprise. Previous studies have examined risk preferences within this sector mainly in economic settings, where the decision maker compares dollar payoffs between two or more choices. Understanding risk preferences in the context of operational settings, where the payoffs manifest as injuries, fatalities, or environmental incidents is equally important. This research investigates risk preferences in the operational setting by examining the decision to evacuate offshore drilling rigs under the threat of hurricanes. This research develops econometric models for the evacuation decision, and explicitly incorporates risk preferences through specification of a utility function. The results provide support for the conclusion that location attributes, specifically water depth, increase the propensity to evacuate. There is also support for the conclusion that oil company experience increases the propensity to evacuate, that is, experience leads to caution. Results of a utility-based model suggest a high degree of risk aversion.

Influence of age and daily duration of exposure on responses of men to work in heat.

Influence of age and daily duration of exposure on responses of men to work in heat.