Oil Palm Age Research Articles

Comparison of Optic Landsat-8 and SAR Sentinel-1 in Oil Palm Monitoring, Case Study : Asahan, North Sumatera, Indonesia

World production of palm oil increased spectacularly in the last 20 years, especially in Indonesia and Malaysia. As the largest producer, good management in oil palm plantation is very important, the expansion of plantation also must be well planned, because its existence must not affect the surrounding environment. Therefore the information of oil palm age or condition of their growth is needed. Remote sensing has significant potential to aid oil palm monitoring and detection effort. It also provides a cost-effective method to these purpose and at same time provides side specific assessments of management areas, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is crucial for this task. The SAR is an active sensor that operates in all weather condition and daylight independent delivering information all year around at the time that is needed. SAR is sensitive to texture, size and orientation of structural objects, moisture content and ground conditions. This study has objectives to compare the methods that have been developed to monitor oil palm by using optic data and SAR data. The data that used are Landsat 8 and Sentinel-1.The study area is Asahan district North Sumatera. The regression analysis by using regression method indicates that oil palm age can be monitored by using NDVI or backscatter of SAR values with growth model. The R2 of model for Landsat 8 is 0.85 and 0.77 for Sentinel 1. Both models can be used for monitoring the condition and age of oil palm.

CO2 fluxes from drained tropical peatland used for oil palm plantation in relation to peat characteristics and crop age after planting

Large expansion of oil palm plantation on peatland has changed its important role for carbon sink into a carbon source. Conversion of peat swamp forest with high carbon density into a monoculture of oil palm has released the significant amount of carbon into atmosphere either carbon previously stored in forest biomass or carbon stored in peat organic matter. Drainage canal to artificially lower groundwater level as a prerequisite of oil palm cultivation provides the favorable condition for soil microbes activities in decomposing peat organic matter resulted in CO2 flux increase. The fluctuation of groundwater level and variation of environmental factors near the peat surface may regulate the rate of CO2 released from the soil. We aimed to measure CO2 fluxes from two sites of oil palm plantation with different peat characteristics and analyzed the correlation with groundwater level, soil temperature, air temperature, gravimetric water content, peat pH, oxidative reductive potential, and crop age. The measurement has been conducted from September 2016 to April 2017 in West Kalimantan, Indonesia by using portable infrared gas analyzer EGM 4. In addition to soil sampling at the same time as the gas measurement, we collected soil samples for some peat characteristics analysis consist of bulk density, particle density, porosity, soil organic matter, ash content, carbon, and nitrogen content prior to CO2 flux measurement. Our result shows that the difference of peat chemical characteristics between two sites has resulted in different CO2 flux. Oil palm ages seemed to affect CO2 flux by regulating microclimatic condition around crop canopy. Another finding is the insignificant relationship between CO2 fluxes and groundwater level unless the groundwater level reached more than 50 cm from the peat surface. It implies that maintaining groundwater level-up to 50 cm resulting in similar CO2 flux.

Crop coefficient and water requirement for oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on the nursery based on radiation evaporation method

Water requirements of oil palm close to crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The objectives of this research were to known the value of crop coefficient for the age of oil palm 4, 5 and 6 month and predicted water requirements of oil palm based on net radiation evaporation method. The result showed the value of oil palm for 4, 5, and 6 months were 0.50, 0.52, and 0.54. The value of reference evaporation (net radiation, ETo) range 2.89-4.25 mm.day−1. Moreover, from predicted crop evapotranspiration showed that water requirements of oil palm range 1.44-3.70 mm.day−1. Water requirements increasing based on the age of oil palm, however, it will decrease in the rainy season.

Detection and characterization of oil palm plantations through MODIS EVI time series

ABSTRACTOil palm is a perennial tree that well fits the humid tropical climate; fresh fruit bunchesare the palm raw fruit for oil mills. Palm oil is the world highest yielding oil crop determining that palms are extensively planted in South-East Asia, especially in Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia where plantations have been spreading in response to the increasing market demand. Cultivation of oil palm in tropical countries is an important economic factor, but it has already proved of endangering biodiversity and degrading environment with a global impact related to forest loss. Remote sensing well fits requirements of precision farming that many stakeholders involved in palm oil production are currently approaching to decrease or monitor environmental impacts. In this work, an enhanced vegetation index (EVI) time series of 415 images was obtained from the MODIS Vegetation Index 16 days composite product (MOD13Q1-v5) to explore tropical vegetation changes. The EVI time series covers a period of 18 years; it was processed aiming at mapping new oil palm plantations in the reference period, giving an estimate of their age, production, and economic value. In this work, a new methodology for oil palm detection and characterization was presented based on local EVI temporal profile analysis. Pixel EVI temporal profile proved to be effective in describing both vegetation macro-phenology and forest loss at that position. Consequently, the proposed algorithm looks for abrupt changes along the local EVI time series (sudden decreasing). The minimum EVI value recorded in the detected changing period is assumed as a predictor of the starting date of new plantations, being the latter reasonably related to forest loss and preliminary soil preparation. Starting date is then used by the algorithm to estimate oil palm age and, consequently, the present local (potential) production. Accuracy assessment showed an overall accuracy in new palm oil plantation detection of about 94%. Starting age estimation proved to be accurate enough: 76% of the estimates, in fact, were placed in a range of uncertainty of 1 year.

Spatial distribution of empty fruit bunch production as potential electric resource using remote sensing technique

Empty fruit bunch, as one product from oil palm and one of renewable energy that has the potential to replace fossil fuel in the future. Remote sensing offers the better alternative for oil palm age measurement over the conventional approach to solving the problem in the lack of information in the spatial distribution of empty fruit bunch resources. Forest Canopy Density model was employed to estimate the age of oil palm trees that used to count the amount of empty fruit bunch production in the research area. Time series remote sensing data analysis was performed to detailing the class of stands age. Based on oil palm trees age, empty fruit bunch production was estimated with the result Cikasungka area has the biggest potential production with 1.98 KT/year following by Cimulang with 1.75 KT/year and Candali with 1.72 KT/year.

Cattle Grazing Benefits Farmland Bird Community Composition in Oil Palm Plantations

Oil palm expansion has caused considerable biodiversity loss as rainforest has been converted to plantation. However, it is still possible to mitigate such biodiversity losses and increase agricultural sustainability by introducing sustainable oil palm farming practices. One such method is the use of biological control agents for understory weed management in place of herbicides. Integrating cattle into oil palm plantation management to control undergrowth is expected to improve biodiversity (including avian diversity) in oil palm plantations. This study investigated the association between cattle grazing and farmland bird species composition in oil palm plantations. We used point transect sampling to survey farmland birds in 45 oil palm plantations which were divided into systematically and non-systematically cattle grazed plantations and control plantations (without cattle grazing). We found that both oil palm plantations with systematic (P=0.001) and non-systematic (P=0.005) cattle grazing had greater avian diversity than plantations without cattle grazing. Based on feeding guild, avian insectivores made up the majority of farmland birds observed. Bird species composition was determined by four attributes in our model: number of cattle, selective weeding frequency, age of oil palm stand, and palm height. We conclude that systematic grazing can improve avian diversity in oil palm plantations. We stress, that cattle integration into oil palm agriculture can provide an excellent means of maximising agricultural land use efficiency as well as increasing biodiversity in agricultural landscapes by increasing habitat complexity.

Spatial Distribution of Dryness on Oil Palm Plantations Using Landsat image

Peatland in Riau is commonly utilized for agricultural purposes including oil palm. This utilization has influenced on peat characteristics on the top soil leading to degraded peatland, associated drought-related fire. In this paper, we identified peat dryness from three different oil palm ages using drought indices proxy to derive information on spatial dryness. Two drought indices were used in this study including the Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) and the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). Our results showed that the TVDI value ranged from 0.46 to 0.92, while the CWSI value ranged from 0.18 to 0.80. The highest value of TVDI was found in 2-years old oil palm, and the lowest values was in the 11-years old oil palm. Our CWSI analysis confirmed this pattern that young oil palm has a high moisture stress, as many peat-soils were exposed to direct sunlight. Our findings also revealed that the TVDI and the CWSI were able to interpret soil moisture dynamics on the top layers (10 cm).

An Empirical Study on Infield Collection system in Oil Palm Estate: A Case Study

Shortage of workforce either local or foreign in oil palm plantation especially harvesting is a well-known fact. This investigation compares three different infield FFB collection method namely: [1] manual (wheelbarrow) with harvesting pole, [2] Mini Tractor With Grabber (MTG) with harvesting pole and [3] mini tractor without grabber (MTWG) with SmartCUT (motorized cutter). A field study of this integrated FFB harvesting and evacuation was governed at Sabah oil palm estate. The total area for this case study was 3000 ha with oil palm age about 10 to 14 years. Through this study, the harvester’s productivity (t/manday) means for MTG, MTWG and manual are 1.35, 0.93 and 0.54 mt respectively. The MTG has a higher output per machine and is highly significant compared to MTWG with SmartCUT. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) are RM4.33 for MTG, RM3.24 for MTWG with SmartCUT and RM2.73 for using manual. Nevertheless MTG has the highest BCR, it has to be tested with other cost benefit analysis. From this findings of study, I would recommend MTG as one of the mechanization for infield collection.

Textural measures for estimating oil palm age

ABSTRACTIn oil palm management, age is one of the yield determinant factors. The conventional field investigations are often exhaustive and costly methods when implemented on a large scale. Despite much attention to classify individual oil palm ages by using various remote sensing images, none of the studies depicted satisfying overall accuracies. The overall aim of this study was to optimize window size and number of texture measurements for oil palm ages classification. The study was conducted in a commercial oil palm plantation comprised of palms of multiple ages planted from 1991 to 2008. Three Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT)-5 multispectral images, acquired on 12 April 2012, 4 April 2013, and 14 April 2014, were evaluated. The individual ages were successfully classified with accuracy ranging from 59% to 97%, with an average overall accuracy of 84%. The results illustrated that the largest window size related to the smallest oil palm planting block in the study area, 390 m × 390 m on-the-ground window size, and seven combination of texture measurements, resulted in the highest classification overall accuracy. The utilization of texture measurements produced synergistic effects able to discriminate the oil palm age, with mean, entropy, homogeneity, and angular second moment as among the significant textures.

Populasi Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) pada beberapa umur tanaman kelapa sawit

Kumbang Elaeidobius kamerunicus Faust merupakan serangga polinator kelapa sawit yang hidup pada bunga jantan dan mengunjungi bunga betina untuk melakukan penyerbukan karena ketertarikan terhadap senyawa volatil yang dikeluarkan. Kuantitas fruit set kelapa sawit yang dihasilkan berhubungan dengan populasi E. kamerunicus pada suatu lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh umur tanaman kelapa sawit terhadap populasi kumbang E. kamerunicus. Penelitian dilakukan di perkebunan kelapa sawit yang terletak di Pangkalan Lada, Kotawaringin Barat, Kalimantan Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah berupa penghitungan populasi E. kamerunicus pada bunga jantan dan pemasangan sticky trap pada bunga betina. Plot pengamatan berukuran 7000 m2 (100 pohon) dengan variasi umur tanaman kelapa sawit, yaitu 6, 10, dan 16 tahun. Setiap plot dihitung jumlah bunga jantan dan betina yang mekar dan ditentukan beberapa bunga untuk pengukuran populasi E. kamerunicus yang dilakukan setiap bulan selama tiga bulan pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur tanaman kelapa sawit berpengaruh terhadap populasi E. kamerunicus pada bunga jantan tapi tidak pada bunga betina. Semakin tua umur kelapa sawit, populasi E. kamerunicus pada bunga jantan semakin meningkat. Rasio jenis kelamin E. kamerunicus yang ditemukan pada bunga jantan dan betina kelapa sawit cenderung bias betina. Berdasarkan perbandingan populasi E. kamerunicus pada bunga jantan dan betina pada setiap plot diperoleh bahwa nilai kunjungan E. kamerunicus paling tinggi ditemukan pada umur kelapa sawit muda. Sebagai kesimpulan, pertambahan umur kelapa sawit mempengaruhi peningkatan populasi E. kamerunicus pada bunga jantan tapi persentase kunjungan ke bunga betina menjadi semakin menurun.

ENZYME ACTIVITY IN RELATION TO TOTAL K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu AND Zn IN THE OIL PALM RHIZOSPHERE OF RIAU’S PEATLANDS, INDONESIA

Enzyme activity can be used as a peat decomposition indicator in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Oil palm plantation management requires fertilization in the rhizosphere to provide nutrients for oil palm growth. The state of total nutrient in the rhizosphere can influence enzyme activity. This research aimed to study enzyme activity in relationship to nutrients in the oil palm rhizosphere of peatlands. Using the explorative method in Riau’s tropical peatlands, an oil palm plantation was chosen as a location for the main sites, and a degraded forest as well as a shrubland were chosen as comparison sites. In the oil palm plantation, peat samples were taken from peats adhering to oil palm roots at the peat depths of 0‒25 and 25‒50 cm and at distances of 0‒1, 1‒2, 2‒3, and 3‒4 m from the trees. In the degraded forest and shrub, t samples were taken from selected plant roots at the depths of 0-25 and 25-50 cm. The triplicate peat samples were then composited for an analysis of enzyme activity and total nutrient content. Results showed that enzyme (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase) activity in the oil palm rhizosphere decreased as the distance from trees and the depth of rhizosphere increased. The decline in enzyme activity was caused by a low peat pH and an increased water content as well as organic carbon content. Enzyme activity increased with increasing oil palm age and ash content. Total K and Zn contents showed no correlation with enzyme activities. However, total Ca and Mg contents showed positive correlation only with β-glucosidase activity. Total Fe and Cu contents showed significantly negative correlation with enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase, β-glucosidase, and laccase). Enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of the degraded forest and shrubs were mostly lower than in the oil palm rhizosphere.

Mapping of smallholder oil palm plantation and development of a growth model

Smallholder plantation accounts for 39% of total oil palm plantation in Indonesia, which is currently estimated at 12 million ha. Limited information on spatial distribution of smallholder oil palm and the growth of plantation pose a great challenge for providing information in scientific based. Therefore, information on smallholder oil palm plantation are necessary and they will give valuable input for policy maker and related stakeholders. This study is aimed to generate smallholder oil palm distribution map using optical satellite data of SPOT 7 and investigate the backscatter values of ALOS PALSAR-2 with height and age of oil palm in mineral soil and peatland. We mapped 46,756 ha of smallholder plantation or about 18% of total oil palm plantation in district of Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan province and 14% of which is located on peatland area. From the result, height to age mineral soil has a strong relationship with R2 value 0.80 but weak in peatland with R2 value 0.31. Relationship between height and backscatter in mineral soil has R2 value 0.43 for HH and 0.30 for HV and in peatland 0.28 for HH and 0.15. Relationship between age and backscatter in mineral soil has moderately strong correlation with R2 value 0.55 for HH and 0.37 for HV and in peatland 0.36 for HH and 0.28. In all relationship, independent variables are statistically significant with Significance-F value lower than 0.05. In general, height, age, and backscatter relationship in peatland is lower than in mineral soil. Backscatter value can be useful for studying height and age of smallholder oil palm. Further studies are suggested to involve more potential variables and utilize multi temporal datasets in determining height and age of oil palm trees using backscatter values.

Estimation the oil palm age based on optical remote sensing image in Landak Regency, West Kalimantan Indonesia

Oil palm plantations are the largest oil-producing plant and are included in the multipurpose plant category as a contributing economy and reducing the poverty. Oil palm age is one of the factors that support the growth and production process of oil palm. We used Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) to estimate the oil palm age. The aims in this study are to analyse the relationship between NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and oil palm age in variation of age by using logarithmic regression and to estimate the distribution of oil palm age. Methodology in this study are collecting of Landsat 8, preprocessing, making of Regions of Interest for each of oil palm age, making of relationship analysis between NDVI and oil palm age, and estimating the oil palm age. The study shows that NDVI have positive correlation which R2 = 0,66 and equation y = 0.0425 ln(x) + 0.723 means the higher NDVI value the higher the age. The result of this study show that the majority of age in the study area is 0-5 year.

Andisols Water Retention Under Peasant Oil Palm Plantation

Available water soil is one of the critical factors that influence oil palm growth and production. This research used field survey method. Soil samples were taken in the field and then analyzed in the laboratory using the membrane plate apparatus for assessment of the filed capacity and the permanent wilting. This research aimed to obtain data about water retention variability of Andisols in oil palm plantation of peasants on various age levels of oil palm in Pasaman sub-district, West Sumatera. The advantage of this research was to find out the effect of different age levels of oil palm on soil water retention and other physical soil properties in Andisols. This research identified water retention of the soil was between 21.2-42.7% volume with the bulk density (BD) was between 0.31-0.83 g/cc. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the oil palm ages (5-10 years, 10-15 years, and above 15 years) on either the soil water retention or the soil bulk density for both the topsoil (0-20 cm) and the subsoil (20-40 cm). This research indicated that there is no effect of the oil palm age on the soil bulk density, field capacity, permanent wilting point, and plant available water. This research suggested that the soil should be saturated with high water content since West Sumatera has very high rainfall intensity so that the situation can be an advantage for oil palm growth over the years.

Penentuan Umur Optimal Peremajaan Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Paser Kalimantan Timur

Determining of optimal replanting age of oil palm helps farm households to prepare replanting investment. This research was to detemine optimal age for replanting of oil palm and to evaluate the sensitivity of optimal replanting age when there are changes in output price, cost, interest rate, and yield. The number of samples are 268 oil palm farm household. The farmers, age of oil palm and location were taken based on purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using profit maximization concept with Comparison of Equivalent Annual Net Revenue (CEAN) method. The result showed that the optimal replanting age of oil palm with quadratic production function and cubic production function was between 33 and 35 years. The optimal replanting age was sensitive to changes on interest rate, price of fresh fruit bunch, farm cost, and productivity.

Oil Palm Counting and Age Estimation from WorldView-3 Imagery and LiDAR Data Using an Integrated OBIA Height Model and Regression Analysis

The current study proposes a new method for oil palm age estimation and counting from Worldview-3 satellite image and light detection and range (LiDAR) airborne imagery. A support vector machine algorithm (SVM) of object-based image analysis (OBIA) was implemented for oil palm counting. The sensitivity analysis was conducted on four SVM kernel types with associated segmentation parameters to obtain the optimal crown coverage delineation. Extracting tree’s crown was integrated with height model and multiregression methods to accurately estimate the age of trees. The multiregression model with multikernel sizes was examined to achieve the most optimized model for age estimation. Applied models were trained and examined over five different oil palm plantations. The results of oil palm counting had an overall accuracy of 98.80%, while the overall accuracy of age estimation showed 84.91%, over all blocks. The relationship between tree’s height and age was significant which supports the polynomial regression function (PRF) model with a 3×3 kernel size for under 10–12-year-old oil palm trees, while exponential regression function (ERF) is more fitted for older trees (i.e., 22 years old). Overall, recent remote sensing dataset and machine learning techniques are useful in monitoring and detecting oil palm plantation to maximize productivity.

The Growth of Agarwood Plants on the Different Canopy Covers Level and Fertilizer in Oil Palm Plantation

The development of agar wood plants in oil palm plantation requires the forestry techniques in order to obtain maximum production. In an oil palm stands, the age of plant will affect the height, diameter, population and stands density. The older age of an oil palm stands will affect the canopy cover on the forest floor. Agar wood plants are semi-tolerant growth and oil palm can be used as shade. Unilak has an oil palm plantation area of 10 hectares around the campus with 10 years old and 20 years old. The soil condition at the study is Podsolik Merah Kuning (PMK) which poor nutrient and needs fertilization to increase soil fertility. This study aims to find out the effect of age of oil palm stands and fertilization for optimal growth. The split plot design with 2 main plots of the age of palm tree ( 10 years old and 20 years old) and five kinds of fertilizing sub plot (without fertilizer, 40 gram/plant of NPK, 80 gram/plat of NPK, 120 gram/plant of NPK and 180 gram/plant of NPK were used. The results of this research showed that the age of palm tree (canopy cover) treatment gave non-significant influence on the growing of agar wood until it reaches 4 months of growth. The canopyy cover by 10 years old of oil palm tree produce the best response on height (15 cm) and diameter (0,4 cm) growth of agar woods..Fertilizing treatment di not give any significant influence on the heigh and diameter growth of agarwood plants until reach 3 months. The interaction by 10 years old of palm with fertilizing gave non significant results.

Estimation the Amount of Oil Palm Trees Production Using Remote Sensing Technique

Currently, fossil fuels were used as the main source of power supply to generate energy including electricity. Depletion in the amount of fossil fuels has been causing the increasing price of crude petroleum and the demand for alternative energy which is renewable and environment-friendly and it is defined from vegetable oils such palm oil, rapeseed and soybean. Indonesia known as the big palm oil producer which is the largest agricultural industry with total harvested oil palm area which is estimated grew until 8.9 million ha in 2015. On the other hand, lack of information about the age of oil palm trees and changes also their spatial distribution is mainly problem for energy planning. This research conducted to estimate fresh fruit bunch (FFB) of oil palm and their distribution using remote sensing technique. Cimulang oil palm plantation was choose as study area. First step, estimated the age of oil palm trees based on their canopy density as the result from Landsat 8 OLI analysis and classified into five class. From this result, we correlated oil palm age with their average FFB production per six months and classified into seed (0-3 years, 0kg), young (4-8 years, 68.77kg), teen (9-14 years, 109.08kg), and mature (14-25 years, 73.91kg). The result from satellite image analysis shows if Cimulang plantation area consist of teen old oil palm trees that it is covers around 81.5% of that area, followed by mature oil palm trees with 18.5% or corresponding to 100 hectares and have total production of FFB every six months around 7,974,787.24 kg.

Soil Conservation by Vegetative Systems in Oil Palm Cultivation

In Indonesia, agricultural land for oil palm plantation is mostly placed on slope areas. Erosion carries down surface soil layers which are generally fertile and rich in organic matter and nutrients, causing the loss of plant nutrients. Cover crops provide protection against the destruction of soil aggregates by rain and runoff. This research aims to study the effectiveness of vegetation as soil conservation in controlling erosion and runoff. This study was a field experiment on erosion plots of 10 m × 5 m with 1–2-year-old oil palm trees planted on a 15–40% slope, which were arranged in a Split Plot Design with replications as blocks, consisting of a combination of two factors: the age of the oil palm and slope as the first factor, and conservation techniques as a second factor. The results showed that the soil conservation techniques in oil palm cultivation could reduce the rate of surface runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss. Soil conservation with upland rice – soybean – Mucuna bracteata, in sequence (T3) in oil palm 7–25 months old and 15–25% slopes (P1) were most effective reduced runoff, increase the infiltration and preventing soil erosion and nutrient loss in all age of oil palm and slope of land.

Growth and Production of Some Variety Corn (Zea mays L.). Planted under the Canopy of Palm Oil 12 Years Old in Swamp Land

This research was conducted in wetlands Semambu Village, District of North Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, which lasted from July 2015 to February 2016. The observation of a microclimate indicate that the average intensity of light outside the auspices of the plot 1968.9 m2s mol1, under waranet 1502.40 mol1 m2s, below paranet 721.99 mol1 m2s-1 and under waranet 439.25 μmol m2s-1 - equivalent to the light interception 1 or 100%, 76%, 37% and 22%. Results of soil chemical analysis that the soil has a low fertility study (H2O pH of 3.32, organic C 4.47%, total N 0.35%, Bray P 13.30 ppm, K-ea 0.26 me / 100g, CEC 19.6 rne / 100g and Al-ea 3.28 me / 100g). Tests on 22 genotypes of maize grown with light interception 100%, 76%. 37% and 22%, by calculating tolerance index based on the weight of dry seed cob-1 was found four genotypes of maize tend to be tolerant to low-intensity light that were genotype B 41, Pioneer 27, Sukmaraga and Sugihan. The test results of corn planted in beds shade with light interception 100%, 76%, 37% and 22% for groups of maize tolerant and sensitive, followed by application of urea 0 kg ha1, 100 kg ha-1 200 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1 and 400 kg ha-1 indicate that maize and 41 and Pioneer 27 by Urea 300 kg ha-1 gives better results than other varieties at different intensities of light oil palm age of 12 years with applications Urea fertilizer 300 kg ha-1, indicating that the B 41 and Pioneer 27 tends to give better results compared with other varieties. The application of a polyculture system palm-maize can produce 1000 kg of dry grain of corn in a 1 ha of oil palm cultivation.