Oil Consumption Research Articles

Investigating the impact of credit channels, energy production and oil revenues on agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa

Development of the agricultural sector can numerously gift the economy by ensuring food security and rural livelihoods, fostering economic growth, reducing poverty, promoting social stability, and achieving sustainable development goals. But agricultural activities especially in Sub-Saharan Africa are faced with numerous challenges like lack of required credits to the farmers, unavailability of needed energy for powering the farm machinery and transportation of farm produce, and fluctuation of crude oil prices which serve as the main source of energy in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, the sequel to these highlighted challenges that face agricultural activities, this study examines the impact of credit channels, energy production, and oil revenue on agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa using an annual time series covering 21 years (2001–2021) drawn from selected sub-Saharan African countries under study. Using the panel autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) as the baseline model and the generalized method of moment (GMM) as the robustness check, we made the following findings. From the ARDL perspective, we found that credit channels have a negative impact on agricultural development. In contrast, energy production and oil revenue have positive and negative significant impacts on the agricultural development of sub-Saharan Africa. Further, results of the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) revealed that while credit channels have both negative and positive long-run relationships with agricultural development, energy production, and oil revenues have positive and significant long-run relationships with agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa. The study concludes that credit channels have both negative and positive long-run relationships with agricultural development. In contrast, energy production and oil revenue have negative and significant long-run relationships with agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa. We recommended effective agricultural credit provision and a mechanized farming system to increase the quality and quantity of food supplies in sub-Saharan Africa.

Oil Demand and Stocks

Current data of world oil demand. This includes international bunkers and refinery fuel. Updated on a monthly basis.Current data of oil demand from counties such as Canada, the United States of America, Japan, OECD Europe, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Republic of Korea, and Turkey. Updated on a monthly basis.Current data for crude oil and refined product stocks in Canada, Chile, Mexico, the United States (Western Hemisphere), France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom and Other Europe (Europe), Japan, Republic of Korea, Other Pacific (Asia‐Pacific), and Total OECD (Table 12.1)Current data for refined product stocks in the OECD Western Hemisphere, OECD Europe, OECD Asia‐Pacific and Total OECD. Products include gasoline, diesel and gasoil, and heavy fuel oil. Updated on a monthly basis (Table 12.2).

The conceptual model of Indonesian palm oil supply chain based on blockchain

Abstract Indonesia is the world’s largest producer and consumer of palm oil. However, the palm oil supply chain faces numerous challenges related to actors, traceability, transparency, and sustainability. To address these issues, a conceptual model for a blockchain-based palm oil supply chain in Indonesia is proposed. The model aims to leverage the decentralized and immutable nature of blockchain technology. It incorporates components such as smart contracts, distributed ledgers, and data sharing mechanisms to enhance traceability, transparency, and sustainability in the palm oil supply chain. The research utilized the SSM (Soft System Methodology) and CATWOE (Customer, Actor, Transformation, Worldview, Owner, Environment) methodologies. The actors involved in the palm oil supply chain include smallholders, plantation companies, third-party suppliers, middlemen, traders, palm oil mills, refineries, distributors, retailers, and consumers. The blockchain conceptual model is structured based on a sustainable supply chain model that considers economic, social, and environmental aspects. Blockchain transactions regulate the process of supply chain actors, while stakeholders such as the government, financial institutions, palm oil research organizations, NGOs, and consumers are involved. The blockchain-based supply chain model is expected to address the key issues of the palm oil supply chain, aiming for a sustainable supply chain system. By implementing this model, it is anticipated that the palm oil industry can achieve greater accountability, transparency, and environmental sustainability.

Oil shocks and the transmission of higher-moment information in US industry: Evidence from an asymmetric puzzle

Using a cross-quantilogram approach, this study analyzes the transmission of higher-moment information across US industries with high-frequency (1-min) data. We investigate the effects of oil demand and supply shocks on this transmission, revealing that the impact is asymmetric. Specifically, negative oil price shocks amplify the asymmetric transmission of higher-moment information, whereas positive shocks have the opposite effect. The findings highlight the complexity in information transmission dynamics in response to oil price fluctuations, highlighting the need for policy makers and investors to account for these nuances when assessing risk and making decisions. The results emphasize the critical role of the direction and magnitude of oil prices in shaping the information landscape across industries.

A VECM Investigation on the Nexus among Government Spending, Oil Revenues, and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from the Sultanate of Oman

A VECM Investigation on the Nexus among Government Spending, Oil Revenues, and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from the Sultanate of Oman

Linear Programming Model for Sunflower Oil Supply Chain Network

Food supply networks are vital to the global economy, producing and consuming products worldwide. Supply chain management (SCM) has emerged as a crucial technique to optimize the integrated network of suppliers, factories, warehouses, customers, and distribution channels. SCM aims to ensure efficient raw material sources, transformation, transportation, and timely customer delivery. Edible oil, a crucial ingredient for cooking and food preparation, is utilized by people from all social classes. Vegetable oils, particularly sunflower, soybean, peanut, and others, are the main source of edible oils, which have less unsaturated fatty acids compared to animal oils. The production and consumption of edible oils have substantial environmental impacts, necessitating increased research to address these implications. Sunflower, a valuable oilseed crop, is grown worldwide due to its short growing season and adaptability to various climates and soil types. Sunflower seeds have high oil and protein content, making them popular for their health benefits. This article uses a linear optimization model for the sunflower oil supply chain from the farmer to the end user. The objective is to minimize the overall transportation cost subject to capacity, demand fulfillment, and waste management.

Application of Aspen Plus to Modelling and Simulation of Neem Seed Oil Extraction

The demand for neem oil keeps on increasing due to its wide applications in pharmaceutical, agro–allied industries, cosmetics and soap production. To avoid wastage of material and safety of operation and personnel, the designed plant must be simulated to predict its performance before actual construction. The property method based on the non–random two–liquid (NRTL) model of Aspen Plus V12 was used to simulate the designed plant and its predicted performances were 87.13% and 99.60% for quantity of neem oil to be obtained from the evaporator and quantity of solvent (ethanol) recovery from the condenser as against 85.93% and 94.93% of the practical result with 1.38% and 4.69% errors respectively. The extracted oil has iodine, acid and saponification values of 60.10 g I2/100 g, 4.2 mg KOH/g and 210.0 mg KOH/g respectively. The fatty acid compositions of oil are oleic acid, 46.61%; stearic acid, 11.83%; palmitic acid, 16.54%; 11 – octadecenoic acid, 3.58%; cis–vaccenic acid, 5.90%; cyclopropaneoctanal, 11.19%; squalene, 0.21% and trimethylsilyl–di(timethylsiloxy)-silane, 4.14%. Based on the quality and fatty acid composition of the extracted neem oil, it is highly recommended for cosmetics and soap production.

Impact of the Mediterranean Diet (Med-Diet) on Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Prevention and Management: A Narrative Review

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Dietary patterns play a crucial role in the prevention and management of these life-threatening diseases. Moreover, the Mediterranean diet (Med-Diet) is consistently associated with health benefits. Therefore, the current study attempted to synthesize the contemporary scientific evidence, outlining the impact of Med-Diet on CVD. The key components of this dietary pattern include a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seafood, olive oil, and moderate consumption of poultry and dairy products which interact to provide protective effects against these diseases. The Med-Diet emphasizes the use of monounsaturated fats from olive oil and polyunsaturated fats from seafood, which significantly contribute to cardiovascular health. This diet is also rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals, offering potential protective qualities against cancer through combating inflammation and oxidative stress. High fiber content contributes to a healthy digestive system and potentially reduces the incidence of colorectal cancers. While, the Med-Diet alone cannot guarantee complete immunity against these diseases, it is an essential element of a holistic approach to disease prevention and management. Moreover, it also reinforces the importance of incorporating dietary patterns into public health strategies. To strengthen the evidence base, future research should focus on long-term randomized controlled trials in diverse populations.

Frying kinetics and physical properties of air-fried french fries

French fries are processed products made of partially cooked frozen potatoes. The most essential step in making french fries is frying, aiming to produce soft and crunchy product. Using air fryers in the frying process offers the benefit of significantly reducing oil consumption, thereby making it a favorable option for producing lower-fat fried foods. The objectives of the present study were to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of french fries on the use of oil and time variation in the air frying method and to determine the frying kinetics under the air fryer. Finding the best frying method was carried out using some attributes of Zeleny, such as the frying rate. Frying was controlled at a constant temperature of 180 °C with time variations of 10, 13, and 16 minutes, and variation in the amount of oil, i.e., 2 mL, 4 mL, and without oil. The results showed the physical characteristics of french fries that include moisture content (26.85 – 45.56%), color with indicators L* (64.44 – 68.66), a* (0.01 – 4.80), b* (21.32 – 35.54), color differences (4.57 – 10.60), hardness (120.83 – 559.8 g), springiness (1.15 – 2.82 mJ), chewiness (0.33 – 3.98 mm), gumminess (28.6 – 213.43 g), and cohesiveness (0.2 – 0.41). The variations in the amount of cooking oil in the air frying method significantly affect the redness parameters. The time variation in the air frying method significantly affects moisture content, hardness, gumminess, chewiness, and cohesiveness parameters. Lightness, yellowness, colour differences, and springiness parameters have no significant effect on the variation of oil and time. The chemical characteristic of french fries includes fat content (5.78 – 22.42 %). The air frying method without oil used for 13 minutes was considered as the best treatment for frying french fries.

The Interactive Term of Debt Servicing and Oil Revenue on Capital Formation in Nigeria

The Interactive Term of Debt Servicing and Oil Revenue on Capital Formation in Nigeria

Демографические и социальноэкономические аспекты развития рынка труда агропромышленного комплекса: вызовы и среднесрочные тренды развития

The presented work examines the features of the current stage of labor market development in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. Agriculture has become a booming industry in recent years. Fully ensuring domestic food security, the Russian Federation is becoming one of the largest suppliers of food to the world market, since in recent years agricultural exports have traditionally ranked second after oil and gas revenues in export volume. However, the industry is facing serious challenges for further growth, the main of which are negative trends in the industrial labor market. The shortage of labor, aggravated by the "SMO effect", becomes a natural constraint on the further development of the industry.

Pengaruh Penambahan Butanol Pada Bahan Bakar Solar Terhadap Karakteristik Pembakaran Single Droplet

Dependence on fossil fuels is one of the most serious threats to the global environment. In addition, petroleum reserves are also decreasing. Meanwhile, the level of oil consumption is always increasing to meet the demand for fuel. Economical and sustainable alternative energy solutions are essential to meet the growing global energy demand without compromising environmental sustainability. One type of alternative fuel that shows very promising potential is biofuel, especially biodiesel. Biodiesel has potential as a more environmentally friendly alternative to diesel fuel, but its low combustion rate and higher viscosity compared to conventional diesel fuel present technical challenges that need to be overcome. The different chemical properties of butanol from biodiesel allow it to have a positive impact on combustion characteristics, such as viscosity, flash point, heating value, and combustion rate. The combustion characteristics that will be studied in this research using single droplet combustion testing include droplet visualization to measure the dimensions of the flame, temperature during the combustion process recorded by a thermocouple, data logger, and video recording during the combustion process to obtain information regarding the ignition delay value. The test steps were repeated five times for each fuel variation and then averaged. In this study, the samples tested included pure diesel, diesel blend with 10% butanol, diesel blend with 20% butanol, diesel blend with 30% butanol, diesel blend with 40% butanol and diesel blend with 50% butanol. From this study, the visualization of the flame is obtained, where the combustion of pure diesel oil droplets has a higher and wider flame, while the flame of the butanol diesel mixture produces a flame whose maximum height is lower than pure diesel oil. The ignition delay time of pure diesel oil is greater than the ignition delay time of the diesel butanol blend. In addition, the maximum combustion temperature produced by each blend is different

Impact of renewable and non-renewable generation on economic growth in Greece

The consumption of coal, oil, and other fossil fuels has raised concerns about climate change. The Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement aimed to address climate change by promoting sustainable clean energy technologies. The UN conference in the United Arab Emirates in December 2023 concluded with an agreement marking the end of the fossil fuel era. All these developments aim to address climate change through the use of clean energy technologies while maintaining economic growth. The connection of climate change with the developing model has gained significant importance on countries’ adjusted plans for climate change. The fossil fuels have a negative impact on economic growth of Greece, implying a continuous dependence from non renewable energy sources and a burden of economic expansion. The reliable estimation of the consequences of climate change on growth, both spatial and temporal, constitutes a decisive parameter for the adjusted plan not only in short term level but also in a long term horizon. Focusing on the improvement of energy efficiency, on the maximization use of renewable energy sources in Greece, on the emphasis given to technologies and fuels storage as well as alternative technologies of energetic and industrial sector, the achievement of energetic and climate transition designed on Greece will be feasible on a long term strategy. The results showed that the growth of renewable energy sources to produce electric energy is necessary for the sustainable growth of Greece. Specifically, the results of ARDL model showed that the renewable energy sources have a positive impact on economic growth in Greece in the long run, and the non-renewable energy sources have a significant effect on economic growth in the short run. These results imply that the aim for investments on renewable energy sources from policy makers should be direct mainly on regions with high levels of carbon dioxide emissions due to lignite combustion.

Features of the operation of the lubrication system for lubricating ships' low-speed engines

The article examines the optimization of high-alkaline cylinder oil consumption in lubrication systems of marine low-speed engines (MODs), as well as the peculiarities of operation of the cylinder lubrication system in view of modern trends in the development of low-speed marine engines. An overview of the lubricator lubrication systems of the cylinders of marine main engines was carried out and possible prospects for improving the lubricator lubrication systems of the cylinders of marine diesel engines were considered. Attention is paid to the causes of occurrence and methods of combating a whole range of problems, which represent the possibility of increased wear of cylinder sleeves, pistons, piston rings, this is related to the type and grade of fuel and its sulfur content. Sulfur in the fuel is neutralized with the help of cylinder oils with high alkalinity, problems arise when changing the grade of fuel, this requires changing the brand of cylinder oil (CLO BN). The possibility of using a cylinder oil mixing system (ACOM) to neutralize sulfur in the fuel and improve protection against low-temperature corrosion of MOD cylinder liners is proposed and considered. This system mixes and doses cylinder oil depending on the load of the ship's engine and the type of fuel. ACOM allows the dosing of oil on marine engines operating in dual fuel consumption (SDF) modes, where the ratio between pilot (ignition) and gas fuel is defined, the system mixes two different types of cylinder oil into one with the required BN base number, it can be determined as the oil's ability to neutralize acids produced during use. The results of optimal consumption of cylinder oil, which ensures minimal wear of cylinder liners of a diesel engine, are given. Features of lubrication regimes and control of the technical condition of the cylinder group of marine low-speed diesel engines during their operation at reduced rotation frequency are described

A conformable fractional-order grey Bernoulli model with optimized parameters and its application in forecasting Chongqing’s energy consumption

Chongqing is the only province and city with net energy input in southwest China, and its energy security has been in a tight balance for a long time. To propose scientific and reasonable energy policies for Chongqing under the “dual carbon” goal, this paper studies Chongqing’s total energy consumption, coal consumption, natural gas consumption, and oil consumption by a conformable fractional-order grey Bernoulli model with optimized parameters. The new model is studied with its linearized form, the conformable fractional-order accumulation operation, the grey modelling technique, the least squares method, and the whale optimization algorithm. According to historical data, several forecasting models are built. From calculation results, the mean absolute validation percentage errors of the new model are smaller than those of other models in the total energy consumption, coal consumption and natural gas consumption, with values of 1.31%, 1.43%, and 2.41%, respectively. In the oil consumption, the MAPEvalid is 3.85%, which is the second smallest among these models. The results illustrate that the new model can provide competitive results. Further, the values in the next five years are calculated.

Does economic and climate policy uncertainty matter the oil market?

In the context of addressing climate change and promoting the energy transition, economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and climate policy uncertainty (CPU) have become significant factors increasing fluctuations in the oil market. This research investigates whether EPU and CPU exert an influence on the oil market by using the wavelet-based quantile-on-quantile approach. Our findings demonstrate that the effect of EPU and CPU on oil prices (OP) varies across different frequencies. Specifically, high EPU aggravates investors' pessimism sentiment and dampens companies’ willingness to invest in the short run. As a result, the decrease in investment by market participants in oil-related products causes OP to decline. In the medium- and long-horizons, low levels of EPU can stimulate consumer oil consumption and drive OP higher. Moreover, the uncertainty posed by CPU in the short run increases the risk of fossil fuels becoming stranded assets and negatively impacts the stability of the oil market. In the medium to long-term perspective, CPU leads investors to increase their consumption of fossil fuels due to cost-efficiency considerations, thereby positively influencing oil demand. These results can provide decision-making support for governments to formulate effective oil market development strategies and for investors to optimise risk management.

Human biomonitoring of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in women living in a Northern Italy industrial area.

In Brescia, a highly industrialized city in the Lombardy Region (Northern Italy) classified as a SIN (Contaminated Site of National Interest), a human biomonitoring study was carried out on breast milk of two groups of women residing in areas with presumably different levels of exposure to polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorodibenzofurans, and polychlorobiphenyls. This study was aimed at evaluating the possible difference between women living in Brescia and women living far from it but in the same Region. Between 2016 and 2018, 82 women were enrolled (41 "exposed" subjects and 41 "not exposed"), breast milk samples were collected, and a specific questionnaire was administered to the donors. Data obtained were processed by robust regression and Principal Component Factor Analysis. The differences in concentration between the two groups were significant for all the classes of analytes (except for PCDDs). The concentration increase rates from the not exposed to the exposed group resulted highly significant: some PCB congeners showed increase rates more than 1000 ng/g lb per one-unit change of the independent variable. Among the variables significantly associated with the observed concentrations, age showed the greatest influence, while BMI showed a counteracting effect. Consumption of vegetable oil and fruit resulted to possibly influence the chemicals body burden. For the not exposed group, the levels appear to be in line with the decreasing trend (2001-2018) observed for these contaminants in Italy.

Natural resources management efficiency: The role of green innovation for digital government

Natural resource management efficiency is currently one of the key issues that policy makers are trying to address via digital government efficiency. To address the challenges of ecological degradation, this research scrutinizes the nexus of green innovation and CO2 emissions in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2022. It also incorporated the role of financial development (FD), economic expansion (GDP), renewable energy consumption (REC), and oil revenue (ORNT). Moreover, pertinent time-series practices include ADF with structural breaks to find the covariates of static at level or first difference and the Johansen equilibrium test for long-run equilibrium during the least squares method with structural breaks as a primary method in the study. For robustness, the research included simple quantile regression to check the outcomes in both settings of the techniques. The results show that the covariates are static at the first difference and that long-run equilibrium exists among the variables. Moreover, the empirical outcomes reveal that FD and GDP increase CO2 emissions despite the structural breaks applied in the research. Moreover, green innovation has a significant negative influence on CO2 emissions in both models with and without the role of income. It is suggested that emerging economies increase investments in renewable technologies and green energy to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels and increase environmental sustainability. Moreover, REC has a significant and negative influence on CO2 emissions, while ORNT has a positive but weak influence on CO2 emissions in both models. The robustness protocols provide similar and robust outcomes because oil revenues are a curse for CO2 emissions in the upper quantiles. Ultimately, enhancing green innovation, increasing the utilization of renewable energy, and effectively managing financial resources, natural assets, and sustainable economic growth can serve as the foundation for bolstering environmental sustainability.

Improving the energy efficiency in a walking hearth type reheating furnace by energy balance method and optimizing the resources

Most metal industries use reheating furnaces (RHF) for their finishing operations. This RHF is highly energy-consuming equipment that heats the material inside the chamber for rolling or shaping using the by-product gases, natural gas, or oil as fuel. It is necessary to minimize or optimize the fuel consumption to the extent possible. By analyzing the plant operating data, plant measurements, and energy balance calculation, this work aims to determine the potential for decreasing the fuel consumption of a billet reheating furnace. Predictions are made by modeling operating data to reveal the hidden problems and uncover underlying issues. The study results in increasing productivity by 11 ​% while oil consumption was reduced by 14 ​%. These actions significantly decreased carbon emissions considerably and generated significant cost savings.

Dynamic nexus among fossil fuels utilization, economic growth, and urbanization: a tri-regional selected countries analysis.

There are worldwide growing concerns about environmental issues such as global warming and climate change. Moreover, it is expected that there will be regional differences in environmental issues. Therefore, this study focuses on a tri-regional comparison: America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. Previous literature has paid less attention to exploring regional comparisons while considering regional heterogeneity. Against this backdrop, this study delves into the dynamic relationship between fossil fuel utilization, economic growth, globalization, urbanization, and CO2 emissions to understand the environmental implications of these interconnected factors. The study period spans from 1990 to 2021. Additionally, it employed rigorous tests to confirm cross-sectional dependence and data heterogeneity, following methodologies proposed by Pesaran (2004, 2015) and Pesaran (2007), utilizing the CS-ARDL panel cointegration methodology by Chudik and Pesaran (2015). The results confirm long-term significant relationships among OC, NGC, FDI, and UR variables in both combined panels, with and without regional dummies. However, GDP and COC become insignificant in the long run in the dummy variables regression. Furthermore, the regional dummies were found to be negative but remain insignificant, possibly due to heterogeneous effects or unobserved factors influencing each region independently. Analysis by region reveals predominant coal consumption in Asia, higher oil consumption in America, and greater gas consumption in Europe. Economic growth and CO2 emissions are positive in Asia and America but negative in Europe, aligning with theories prioritizing growth over environmental concerns in Asia and America, and advocating for renewable energy adoption in Europe. Urbanization increases energy demand and emissions, supporting the environmental revolution theory, while FDI holds the potential to reduce CO2 emissions, as per the endogenous growth theory.