15th October Research Articles

Comparative Study of Planting Time, Growth Regulator and Biofertilizer on Growth, Yield S and Quality of Strawberry Cv Chandler

Climate, growth promoting hormones and soil nutrition are all necessary conditions for the production of any crop. The primary job is also to determine the ideal planting period for optimum crop yield. In order to improve strawberry growth, yield, and quality parameters a field experiment was carried out to evaluate the comparative study of planting time, growth regulator and biofertilizer on growth, yield and quality of strawberry cv Chandler at Horticultural Research Center, Chauras Campus, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India, during two growing seasons 2018-19 and 2019-20. The present experiment consists of three factors with a total of 08 treatments which was replicated thrice on strawberry cultivar Chandler at different planting time viz., 15th August, 5th September, 25th September and 15th October with the application of various GA3 concentration viz., no GA3 (without application), 50 ppm GA3, 75 ppm GA3, 100 ppm GA3 and with and without treatment with Azotobacter. The treatment under15th October planting time, 75 ppm GA3 concentration with Azotobacter was found most effective for most of the growth, yield and quality traits viz.,plant height (34.57 cm), leaf area (104.66 cm2), number of runners/plant (8.60), days taken to full blooming (202.00), fruit setting % (89.17), days taken to final harvest (214.44), fresh weight of fruit (15.93 g), fruit yield/plant (327.09 g), TSS (9.07 0Brix), vitamin C (67.70 mg/100g), sugar content (7.08%) and juice content (91.06%) whereas the minimum values for most of the characters was observed with 15th August planting time and without application of GA3 and Azotobacter treatment.

The effectiveness of digital solutions in improving nurses' and healthcare professionals' mental well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Widespread challenges to mental well-being among nurses and healthcare professionals threaten the productivity and quality of healthcare. Digital solutions may prove to effectively support nurses' and healthcare professionals' mental well-being. To synthesise evidence regarding the effectiveness of digital solutions in improving nurses' and healthcare professionals' mental well-being. This systematic review followed the JBI guidance for systematic reviews of effectiveness. The PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Pro-Quest and APA PsycArticles databases were reviewed for randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published at any point prior to the 26th of October 2021. Meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were performed. Fourteen studies were included. Personal mental well-being solutions significantly improved nurses' and healthcare professionals' mental well-being. The effectiveness of work-related digital solutions could not be demonstrated. The meta-analysis revealed little to no effect on professionals' work engagement. Personal digital solutions may have the potential to improve the mental well-being of nurses and healthcare professionals. With the support of nurse managers' facilitation, nurses have a key role to promote their own mental well-being by utilising digital mental health solutions. Nevertheless, further adequately powered, well-designed research is required.

Effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on growth and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Red Lady

An experiment was conducted at Experimental unit (Pilikothi) Department of Horticulture, Tilak Dhari Post Graduate College, Jaunpur during 2019-20 to assess the effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on growth and yield of papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Red Lady. The saplings of papaya were transplanted on 15th October with a spacing of 1.8 m×1.8 m. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with eleven treatments replicated thrice. Result indicated that the maximum plant height (260.48 cm), stem girth (46.52 cm), petiole length (80.38 cm), leaf area (1406.15 cm2) and plant spread (193.32 cm) was recorded with T9 (Neem cake + Azotobacter + PSB) application followed by plant height (255.28 cm), stem girth (42.24 cm), petiole length (76.15 cm), leaf area (1388.22 cm2), plant spread (189.49 cm) with T7 (Vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB) and minimum in control. Observations recorded on yield and yield contributing characters revealed that the fruit length (35.48 cm), fruit diameter (16.22 cm), fruit volume (1272.45 cc), fruit weight (1274.82 gm), fruit yield per plant (58.4 kg), fruit yield per plot (467.2 kg), fruit yield per hectare (72.6 q) was recorded maximum with T10 (Farm yard manure + Vermicompost +Poultry manure + Neem Cake + Azotobacter + PSB) and the minimum values of these characters were recorded T11 under control.

Coriander Yield Characteristics as Influenced by Varied Date of Sowing and Planting Geometry under Chhattisgarh Plain Zone

A field experiment was carried out during the rabi season of 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Instructional farm, College of Agriculture and Research Station, IGKV, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh to find out the influence of different sowing dates and planting geometry on coriander. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with sixteen treatment combinations of main and sub plots, replicated trice. Four Dates of sowing viz. D1: 25th October, D2: 10th November, D3: 25th November and D4: 10th December were arranged in main plot and four planting geometries viz., S1: 30 x 5 cm, S2: 30 x 7.5 cm, S3: 30 x 10 cm and S4: 30 x 12.5 cm were taken as subplot treatments. Results revealed that coriander sown on 25th October registered significantly yield attributing characters viz., number of umbels plant-1, number of umbellets umbel-1, number of umbellets plant-1, number of seeds umbel-1, number of seeds umbellet-1, length of umbel, diameter of umbel, weight of umbels, test weight, seed yield plant-1 and seed yield ha-1. Among planting geometry, sowing of coriander at 30 x 12.5 cm spacing produced significantly higher values of aforesaid characters except for seed yield ha-1, which was maximum under 30 x 10 cm spacing. The interaction effect of 25th October coupled with the spacing 30 x 12.5 cm produced significant maximum seed yield plant-1.

Maximal Lower Limb Strength in Patellar Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

To investigate whether lower limb strength is reduced in people with patellar tendinopathy (PT) compared with asymptomatic control individuals or the asymptomatic contralateral limb. MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. To be included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, studies were required to be peer reviewed, published in the English language, and case control investigations; include participants with a clinical diagnosis of PT and an asymptomatic control or contralateral limb group; and include an objective measure of lower limb maximal strength. We extracted descriptive statistics for maximal strength for the symptomatic and asymptomatic limbs of individuals with PT and the limb(s) of the asymptomatic control group, inferential statistics for between-groups differences, participant characteristics, and details of the strength-testing protocol. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for analytical cross-sectional studies. Of the 23 included studies, 21 reported knee strength, 3 reported hip strength, and 1 reported ankle strength. Random-effects models (Hedges g) were used to calculate the pooled effect sizes (ESs) of muscle strength according to the direction of joint movement and type of contraction. The pooled ESs (95% CI) for maximal voluntary isometric contraction knee-extension strength, concentric knee-extension strength, and concentric knee-flexion strength were 0.54 (0.27, 0.80), 0.78 (0.30, 1.33), and 0.41 (0.04, 0.78), respectively, with all favoring greater strength in the asymptomatic control group. Researchers of 2 studies described maximal eccentric knee-extensor strength with no differences between the PT and asymptomatic control groups. In 3 studies, researchers measured maximal hip strength (abduction, extension, and external rotation), and all within-study ESs favored greater strength in the asymptomatic control group. Isometric and concentric knee-extensor strength are reduced in people with PT compared with asymptomatic control individuals. In contrast, evidence for reduced eccentric knee-extension strength in people with PT compared with asymptomatic control individuals is limited and inconsistent. Although evidence is emerging that both knee-flexion and hip strength may be reduced in people with PT, more examination is needed to confirm this observation.

FREQUENCY OF HYPOGLYCEMIA IN NEWBORN WITH BIRTH ASPHYXIA

Birth asphyxia is a significant health concern in Pakistan, often leading to severe complications that contribute to long-term morbidity and mortality in neonates. Understanding the frequency and associated factors of hypoglycemia, a common complication in neonates with birth asphyxia, is crucial for improving neonatal care and outcomes. This study aimed to determine the frequency of hypoglycemia in neonates with birth asphyxia and to explore its association with residential and socioeconomic status. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pediatric Unit C, MTI Lady Reading Hospital (LRH), Peshawar, from April 27th, 2019 to October 26th, 2019. The study received approval from the hospital's ethical committee. Using a non-probability sampling technique, 141 neonates, aged up to 72 hours and diagnosed with birth asphyxia, were enrolled. The frequency of hypoglycemia among these neonates was observed and recorded. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23. The study findings revealed a significant association between hypoglycemia and both residential and socioeconomic status in neonates with birth asphyxia. Notably, hypoglycemia was more prevalent in neonates from rural areas and those belonging to lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Hypoglycemia is a common complication in neonates with birth asphyxia, with a higher incidence observed in rural areas and among lower socioeconomic groups. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and enhanced neonatal care strategies, particularly in underserved communities, to mitigate the risks associated with birth asphyxia and its subsequent complications. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence on neonatal health in developing countries and highlights the critical need for addressing healthcare disparities in these settings.

Analysis of Lava from the Cumbre Vieja Volcano Using Remote Sensing Data from DESIS and Sentinel-2

On 19th September 2021, a protracted eruption of the Cumbre Vieja Volcano on the Canary Island of La Palma commenced and continued for a duration of 12 weeks. Lava flows starting from the rift zone at the mid-western flank of Cumbre Vieja advanced toward the western coast of the island. The eruption was monitored by different remote sensing satellites, including the Copernicus Sentinel missions and DESIS. The Sentinel-2 Copernicus satellites acquired multispectral data from 15th September onward. On September 30th, and with a difference of ∼2 h with respect to Sentinel-2 A, the DESIS hyperspectral sensor also acquired data from the volcano and then again on 15th October 2021. Typically, mid-infrared (around 3.8 μm) data are used for the thermal analysis of active lava flows. However, neither Sentinel-2 nor DESIS possesses mid-infrared bands and the Sentinel-2 high-wavelengths bands (∼2 μm) have some limitations. Nevertheless, the hyperspectral character of DESIS enables the analysis of active erupting volcanoes in near-infrared wavelengths. The results of this analysis find fluid lava temperatures of about 1100–1200 K but there are problems associated with the high-temperature lava spectral emissivity.

Spousal support and dyadic adjustment in the early postpartum period

ABSTRACT In the study, we aimed to investigate the effects of perceived spousal support and dyadic adjustment on the psychological well-being of women in the early postpartum period. This descriptive and correlational study consisted of 367 women giving birth in the postpartum department between 15th July and 31st October 2022. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Perceived Spousal Support Among Women in Early Postpartum Period (PSSAWEPP), the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS), and the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS). The average scores of PSSAWEPP, RDAS, and PWBS in the mothers were found as 61.79 ± 7.73, 54.16 ± 6.28, and 45.87 ± 5.74, respectively. The elevated scores of perceived spousal support (β = 0.234, p < .001) and dyadic adjustment (β = 0.270, p < .001) of women led to a significant increase in the level of psychological well-being. In conclusion, the support received by women from spouses and dyadic adjustment affect the psychological well-being of women in the early postpartum period.

White meat consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim was to systematically review the associations among white meat consumption, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Databases MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus were searched (15th October 2021) for randomized intervention trials (RCTs, ≥ 4 weeks of duration) and prospective cohort studies (≥12 month of follow-up) assessing the consumption of white meat as the intervention/exposure. Eligible outcomes for RCTs were cardiometabolic risk factors and for cohorts, fatal and non-fatal CVD and incident T2D. Risk of bias was estimated using the Cochrane's RoB2 and Risk of Bias for Nutrition Observational Studies. Meta-analysis was conducted in case of ≥3 relevant intervention studies or ≥5 cohort studies using random-effects models. The strength of evidence was evaluated using the World Cancer Research Fund's criteria. The literature search yielded 5,795 scientific articles, and after screening 43 full-text articles, 23 cohort studies and three intervention studies were included. All included intervention studies matched fat content of intervention and control diets, and none of them showed any significant effects on the selected outcomes of white meat when compared to red meat. Findings from the cohort studies generally did not support any associations between white meat intake and outcomes. Meta-analyses were conducted for CVD mortality (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.87-1.02, P = 0.23, I2 = 25%) and T2D incidence (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.87-1.11, P = 0.81, I2 = 82%). The currently available evidence does not indicate a role, beneficial or detrimental, of white meat consumption for CVD and T2D. Future studies investigating potentially different health effects of processed versus unprocessed white meat and substitution of red meat with white meat are warranted.Registration: Prospero registration CRD42022295915.

Back to the Future. The Aftermath of Poland’s 2023 Parliamentary Election

On 15th October 2023 Polish voters decided to put an end to the 8-year period of the Law and Justice Party in power, widely seen as “authoritarian populism”. The paper analyses the electoral programmes of the major contenders (Law and Justice, Civic Coalition, Third Way, New Left and Confederation) as well as a variety of election-related statistics (e.g. by voters’ age, education, occupation and residence) revealing a more complex image of the Polish society and its political preferences in 2023. The author argues that due to remarkable ideological and socio-cultural polarization contemporary Poland remains “a house divided” or even “two nations [with] no sympathy [for each other]”. Even if Poland has now chosen a path back to the future, the new pro-EU liberal government will face a number of identifiable challenges.

Effect of Sowing Time Induced Weather Regimes on Growth and Yield of Chickpea under Irrigated Condition

A field experiment conducted to study the effect to find out optimum time of sowing and suitable cultivar for sustainable chickpea production in the region. The study was undertaken to find yield variation with extended sowing date. Five different sowing dates viz., 30th October (44 MW), 15th November (46 MW), 30th November (48 MW), 15th December (50 MW) and 30th December (52 MW) with two chickpea cultivars viz., JAKI 9218 and Vijay were studied. The varieties selected dominated chickpea cultivation in the region. The results revealed that crop sown on 30th October produced higher but statistically equivalent number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant and grain yield as compared to 15th November sowing. Crop sown on 30th October accumulated higher Growing Degree Days (GDD: 2012 day0C) and Heliothermal Units (HTU: 13515 0C day hr) closely followed by 15th November sown crop (GDD; 1975-day 0C, HTU: 13130 0C day hr) during cropping period from vegetative to pod-seed development phase. The number of pods/plant, weight of seed/plant and test weight was higher in cultivar JAKI 9218 than Vijay. Maximum GDD (1888 0C day) and HTU (12706 0C day hr) were accumulated by cultivar JAKI 9218 closely followed by Vijay (GDD: 1856 0C day; HTU: 12449 0C day hr).

Conference Report: Current International and Transnational Criminal Law in Africa – Practice, Challenges and Prospects

The African-German Research Network for Transnational Criminal Justice conducted its an-nual conference on 30th and 31st October and on 4th December 2020 online. The theme of the conference was “Current International and Transnational Criminal Law in Africa: Prac-tice, Challenges and Prospects”. The report gives a concise overview of the excellent paper abstracts and presentations of the conference, ranging from concepts of restorative justice and the implementation of international and national criminal offences to legal policy responses and prosecutions in Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda and by the ICC. Several con-ference papers have been published in peer-reviewed law journals and a number of the pro-posals discussed have been partially implemented by national legislators

Creative Arts Education As A Foundation for Technological Advancement

The creative arts have been a major catalyst for technological advancement. However, due to lack of synergy between creative arts education and technology, there has been a relegation of creative arts education, which has led to a comparatively less creative drive and advancement in technological output. This paper explores the role of creative arts education as a foundation for technological advancements by x-raying the definitions of arts and technology and also highlighting the historical role of creative arts in technological inventions. This paper suggests factors affecting the synergy between creative arts and technology and further suggests possible ways of making creative arts more productive technologically. Keywords: Creative Arts, Technology, Education, Development. Proceedings Citation Format Ajayi, J.B. (2023): Creative Arts Education As A Foundation for Technological Advancement. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 165-170. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023 V2P11

How to measure social health in the context of cognitive decline and dementia - A systematic review on instruments.

Background:Besides aspects of physical and mental health and quality of life aspects the concept of social health is getting increasing attention in dementia research. Current research has led to a new umbrella concept of social health and first studies show relationships between social health markers and cognitive decline and dementia. But so far, no general overview exists how to measure social health in empirical studies.Objective:The objective of this study therefore is to provide a systematic overview of instruments measuring aspects of social health and proposing a classification based on the new umbrella concept of social health.Methods:Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines a systematic review was conducted. The online search covered the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CINAHL within a publication period from 1st January 2000 till 15th October 2020 for English publications. To classify instruments a new multidimensional framework of social health was used.Results:A total of 150 studies with 68 single instruments were included into the study. A broad range of study types was covered (i.e., feasibility studies, cross-national panel studies) from all over the world, with the majority of studies being conducted in the USA. Most of the described instruments consist of self-report measures, but also proxy and hybrid tools were found. The length of the instruments in terms of the number of single items ranged from 3-126 items, with a median length of 13 items. On the individual level of social health with the three domains capacities, autonomy and social participation we classified 42 instruments and on the social environment level with the three domains structure, functions and appraisal we classified 53 instruments. A large part of the identified instruments only addresses single aspects of social health and does not address the multidimensionality of the concept.Conclusion:A structured overview of measures related to the conceptual framework of social health can help develop appropriate interventions for people with dementia and improve the conditions for living well with dementia. Furthermore, the creation of new standardized and terminologically consistent measures of social health is one of the tasks for future research in the field of social health.

Sustainable Enterprise Risk Management Paradigm for Enhancing Nigeria’s Road Transport Sector Performance

This paper proposes the development of a Sustainable Enterprise Risk Management (SERM) as a paradigm for enhancing transportation agency’s performance in the Global South (GS) with a focus on the Nigerian Road Transport Sector. Sustainable transport has a key part to play in fostering sustainable economic growth and expanding access to essential services as a vital driver of economic and social development. However, transport sector faces an evolving landscape of sustainability (ESG) risks that can impact their success and even survival. It has been evidenced that current risk management practices are not adequately addressing sustainability risks. Preliminary findings have shown various organisational/institutional challenges in the Nigerian Transport sector driving the breakdown in sustainable ERM. Literature has established that organizational resilience starts at the top with the use of ERM paradigm to achieve good risk governance and organisational objective in normal, volatile and crisis situations. However, there have been a very limited literature regarding alignment of ERM with transportation sector. This paper explores Systems Thinking/Systems Dynamics (ST/SD), Transport specific ERM frameworks in the GN and the two dominant ERM frameworks with a view of adapting their standards and articulating the practices in the Global North (GN) to develop implementation guidance that could enhance the Nigeria road transport sector performance with reduced risk. It aims to provide a better understanding to help policy makers with decision making on sustainable Transportation. Keywords: Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), Global North (GN), Global South (GS), Sustainability Concept, Sustainable Transportation, Systems Thinking/Systems Dynamics (ST/ SD). Proceedings Citation Format Abraham Rasheed Adeyemi (2023): Sustainable Energy Planning and Modelling for Global South: A Case Study of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 107-140. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023 V2P9

Qualitative Analysis of Social Media Influencers Impact On Sustainable Brand Equity: A Case Study of Small Businesses in Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of social media influencers (SMIs) on small business brand equity in Nigeria. With the country facing significant economic challenges and a growing unemployment rate, small businesses have become increasingly important for job creation and economic development. However, many small businesses struggle to establish their brand in a highly competitive market. The rise of social media influencers has opened new opportunities for small businesses to enhance their brand equity through innovative marketing strategies. The research employed an inductive approach, utilizing qualitative data collection methods through semi-structured interviews. A total of six small business owners who have engaged SMIs for promotional campaigns were interviewed. Findings from the study revealed that SMIs can have a significant positive impact on small business brand equity in Nigeria. They can increase brand awareness, improve brand associations, and foster brand loyalty. However, the study also identified challenges, such as influencer selection, budget constraints, and the authenticity of influencer endorsements. The research provides valuable insights for small businesses seeking to leverage SMIs in their marketing efforts, as well as recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such campaigns. The findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on influencer marketing and have practical implications for small business owners, marketers, and policymakers in Nigeria. Keywords: Qualitative Analysis, Social Media, Influencers, Brand Equity, Businesses in Nigeria Proceedings Citation Format Obahiagbon, Ebiuwa Gladys, Nwankwo, Nkechi &amp; Olaniyi, Titus (2023): Qualitative Analysis of Social Media Influencers Impact On Sustainable Brand Equity: A Case Study of Small Businesses in Nigeria. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 69-82. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023V2P6

Sustainable Energy Planning and Modelling for Global South: A Case Study of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

This paper reviews the literature regarding the inherent limitations of Modeling practices for sustainable energy planning in the Global South (GS).GS is undergoing economic changes in its energy-setting socio-economic policies such as liberalisation, financial sourcing, and climate change implications of energy projects. Long-term energy planning lays the foundations for effective policies, investment strategies, and targets at the national or regional level. An astute and up-to-date master plan for energy development fosters predictable investment conditions. This makes it an essential prerequisite for scaling up renewable energy technologies. Active energy planning, built on quantitative setting Modeling and stakeholder consultations, allows policymakers to understand and explore the complexities and uncertainties of future energy system evolution. Modeling and simulation (M&amp;S) is a well-known scientific technique that could analyse a system or predict its behaviour before physical construction. Despite being an established methodical tool in engineering, only a few review articles discussing emerging topics in M&amp;S are available in the open literature, especially for renewable and sustainable energy systems. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) offers energy planning Support, as a guide, with a view to enhancing institutional capacity at the country level and strengthening each country’s ownership of the planning process. The capacity to interpret key energy data into strong energy planning enables nations to develop all-inclusive national energy master plans and to frequently update these as the basis for comprehensive policies and investments. This paper examines the current Modeling and simulation of the energy sector with insights into the approaches, challenges, and prospects of certain selected and suitable energy systems. Additionally, it reveals the limitations of traditional planning tools such as optimisation, econometric, and general simulation models. The paper posits that traditional approaches are inadequate for SED in the GS due to its inherent weakness in guiding future policy decisions. In this work, the 7th SDG: Affordable and Clean Energy, is brought into focus. The paper addresses the Planning approaches, tools, framework, and techniques as revealed in the literature on energy Modeling and policy formulation. The aim is to enhance the country's capacity to analyse energy data and develop scenarios using Modeling tools for long-term energy planning. The additional tools to support energy planning may be selected according to each country’s needs and existing Modeling expertise. Finally, areas that need further research and development in sustainable energy Modeling are highlighted. Keywords: Sustainability, Energy Planning, Modelling, Global South. Proceedings Citation Format Abraham Rasheed Adeyemi (2023): Sustainable Energy Planning and Modelling for Global South: A Case Study of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 93-106. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023V2P8

Entrepreneurship as A Tool for Sustainable Employment

This paper examined the role of entrepreneurship as a tool for sustainable employment, with emphasis on critical indicators such as job security, income and wages. Employing a quantitative approach, the study collected data from 250 questionnaires and utilised regression analysis to investigate the relationship. The findings of the study revealed an R square value of 82.1%, establishing a significant and strong correlation between entrepreneurship and sustainable employment, particularly through job security, and income and wages. In addition, the study incorporated ANOVA results with an F-value of 281.17 and a p-value below 0.001.The study concluded that entrepreneurship is a vital tool to drive sustainable employment, spur economic growth and development within the country. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Unemployment, Sustainable Employment, Nigeria. Proceedings Citation Format Osho Ademola Joel, Titus Kehinde Olaniyi (2023): Entrepreneurship as A Tool for Sustainable Employment. Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 83-92. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023 V2P7

Response of Different Dates of Sowing and Fertility Levels on Yield and Economics of Rabi Maize (Zea mays L.)

A discipline test changed into performed for the duration of the rabi season of 2015-16 to study the performance of rabi maize to one-of-a-kind dates of sowing and fertility tiers. The trial become laid out in a split plot design with 4 replications, assigning a total 48 mixtures i.e. four sowing dates (15th October, 1st November, 15th November and 1st December) in the predominant plot and three fertility ranges from urea and DAP (200-100-00, 175-87.5-00 and 150-75-00 kg NPK in kg ha-1.) in the sub plots. The crop sown on 1st November extensively more advantageous the yields and economics compared to early sowing 15th October and past due sowing 15th November and 1st December whilst, 200-100-00 kg NPK in line with ha-1 utility appreciably improved over one 175-87.5-00 kg NPK in step with ha and 150-75-00 kg NPK in line with ha.

A quality improvement project on operative records

Introduction: In 2013 the Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCSEng) published a Standard of Good Practice for surgeons to adhere to in the UK. The guideline included the importance of legible documentation and what should be included in the operative notes. We conducted an audit and quality improvement project in our regional vascular unit in Northern Ireland which showed multiple elements of our operative records that could be improved, such as the documentation of deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, antibiotic prophylaxis and the use of electronic operative records. Methods: We organised an audit between 3rd and 16th October 2022 where operative notes were collected consecutively and analysed. Multifaceted interventions such as discussion with colleagues, reminder emails and the placement of guidelines around the vascular theatres were done. The second loop of audit was completed between 7th and 20th November 2022. After the audit, we underwent four cycles of Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) where we designed and developed an electronic operative note template and linked it to our electronic records system within the Trust.Results: A total of 24 and 28 operative records were collected, respectively, in the first and second loop of the audit. The majority of the domain showed improvement after the multifaceted interventions: for instance, the documentation of incision (from 46% to 89%), operative diagnosis (from 58% to 93%) and details of closure technique (from 92% to 100%). Through our PDSA cycles, an electronic operative note template was created and improved via feedback from the vascular surgeons. Logistic and IT issues were addressed and we are currently in the process of increasing the number of computers and printers around the vascular theatres. The Vascular Surgical Unit is currently slowly adapting to the use of electronic operative records. Conclusion: Our work has improved the compliance of operative records with the RCSEng guideline and increased the use of electronic operative notes, which are more accessible and legible for our multidisciplinary team.