Ocimum Basilicum Extract Research Articles

Comparative analysis of larvicidal efficacy of Silver and Copper nanoparticles synthesized leaf extract of Ocimum basilicum against Epilachna vigintioctopunctata

The goal of the current study was to evaluate the larvicidal activities of synthesized silver and copper nanoparticles against Epilachnavigintioctopunctatalarvaeusing an aqueous leaf extract of Ocimumbasilicum. For 24 hours, larvae were exposed to various concentrations of an aqueous, silver and copper nanoparticles sunthesized extracts of O. basilicum.After visible observation, FTIR, a particle size analyzer, and UV-vis spectrophotometer were used to confirm the successful synthesis of nanoparticles. By using a GC-MS study, the phytochemicals found in leaf extract were investigated. LC50 and LC90 values were calculated to analyze the results. The larvicidal efficacy of aqueous extract, AgNPs, and CuNPs synthesized leaf extract were compared. The larvicidal activity of the leaf extract produced by CuNPs was marginally inferior to that of the leaf extract produced by AgNPs.

Synthesis of Bio Nanocatalyst of ZnO Nanoparticles using Ocimum Basilicum Leaves

The aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum leaves and zinc salts (zinc sulphate) was used as precursors in this investigation to create zinc oxide nanoparticles. ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to characterize the produced nanoparticles. (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Because UV-Vis spectra exhibit absorption peaks in the 350 nm range. DLS analysis prove the nano size for the prepared colloidal of zinc oxide nanoparticles. SEM investigations showed a spherical shape with an average size of (30-80) nm. Analysis of (EDX) showed that elementary analysis was which are 31.8% and oxygen is 21.3%.

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory properties of leaves of Ocimum basilicum L.

In India, a wide variety of medicinal plants are reported and utilized by people for the treatment of various diseases for a long time. The present study deals with quantitative analysis of phytochemicals like total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids as well as in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum L. The values of total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids were found to be 5.02±0.06 µg Gallic acid equivalent/mg, 7.80±0.05 µg Gallic acid equivalent/mg, and 6.00±0.06 µg quercetin equivalent/mg alcoholic extract respectively. The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. The highest antioxidant activity of plant extract was observed at 60 µg/ml and maximum inhibition was recorded at 55.12%. The IC50 value of plant extract was found to be 24.81 µg/ml. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity was measured by the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method. The hypo tonicity-induced HRBC were exposed to different concentrations of ethanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum L. and HRBC membrane lysis and membrane stabilization percentages were calculated against diclofenac sodium. The ethanolic extract exhibited significant HRBC membrane stabilization compared to diclofenac sodium; 98±0.57% membrane stabilization was observed at a dose of 1000 µg/ml.

The effect of different aqueous solutions ratios of Ocimum basilicum utilized in AgNPs synthesis on the inhibition of bacterial growth

This study examined the effect of varying concentrations of Ocimum basilicum aqueous extract, which was done via the green synthesis of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), on the identification of the most effective concentration for bacteria inhibitory activity. Different concentrations of the aqueous Ocimum basilicum extract (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mM) were used as reducing and stabilizing agent to synthesize AgNPs by means of the reduction method. The crystal structure and morphology of the NPs were characterized UV–Vis spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial efficacy of AgNPs was studied against E. coli ATCC 35218 using well diffusion, MIC, MBC, and time-kill curve. The dark yellow color of the Ocimum basilicum aqueous solution indicates the successful synthesis process of the AgNPs. UV-spectra of the AgNPs display a gradual increase of absorption in sequence with concentration increase of aqueous Ocimum basilicum extract solution from 0.25 to 1.00 mM. This, in turn, led to a shift in the wavelength from 488 to 497 nm, along with a change in the nanoparticle size from 52 to 8 nm. The tests also showed a high activity of the particles against bacteria (E. coli), ranging between 15.6 and 62.5 µg/ml. Based on AgNPs, it was confirmed that an aqueous Ocimum basilicum extract can be used as an effective, reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of different sizes of AgNPs based on the solvent concentration. The AgNPs also proved to be effective in inhibiting and killing bacteria.

Bio-Attractant of termites bait from waste paper and extract Ocimum basilicum Linn against Subterranean Termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren

Termites were the most destroying wood organism and one of the methods for controlling termites and suppressing its population is the baiting system. One of the conditions in the baiting system method is that the bait must be able to attract termites. Mostly the attractant is made from an extract of the plant. This research aimed to evaluate the attractants of termites bait from waste paper and extract of basil leaf (Ocimum basilicum) against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Leaves of Ocimum basilicum extracted with maceration process with ethanol. After extraction, the yield was made into five concentration, consist of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%. The waste paper was made into termite’s bait with a square bait with measure 2 cm long x 2 cm wide x 1 cm thick. The result of research showed that the average of termites mortality value was 18.79% - 97.58%. The highest termites mortality was achieve on 10% concentration of extract Ocimum basilicum. Its followed by the concentration 8% with mortality value 91.52%; concentration 6% with mortality value 78.18%; concentration 4% with mortality value 61.82% and concentration 2% with mortality value 51.52%. Meanwhile on control treatment the mortality value was 18.79%. The average of weight loss of termite’s bait was 3.41% - 8.36%. The highest weight loss was achieved on concentration 8% and this bait was more attractive to termites. Termite’s bait from waste paper and extract of Ocimum basilicum was attractant to subteranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus and the optimum concentration was 8%.

INVESTIGATING THE ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS AND HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF OCIMUM BASILICUM AND OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM ON SOME GERMS RESPONSIBLE FOR AEROBIC VAGINITIS

Objective: The present work evaluates the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum on germs responsible for aerobic vaginitis. Methods: University Teaching Hospital of Yaoundé and Central Hospital of Yaoundé provided the germ (Staphylococcus aureus) and isolates (Enterobacter cloacae and Providencia stuartii). The extracts were obtained by maceration of the plants in water and hydroethanolic system. Phytochemical screening was assessed using the standard method; sensitivity and inhibition tests were carried out on agar medium and microplates in liquid medium. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and β-carotene assays; total polyphenols content was obtained by the Folin Ciocalteu assay; anti-inflammatory activity by denaturation of ovalbumin. Results: Flavonoids, catechin, and tannins were abundant in the hydroethanolic extracts (56.65±3.89 and 228.94±8.42 mg EAA/g, respectively). The extracts were bactericidal for S. aureus and bacteriostatic for P. stuartii and E. cloacae. The hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of O. gratissimum has the best anti-radical activity 23.08±3.12, while that of the leaves of O. basilicum had the best-reducing power (388.36±9.96). The anti-inflammatory activity was found to be significant in the leaf extracts studied with IC50 values ​​of 0.358±0.013 mg/ml for O. basilicum to 0.269±0.008 mg/ml for O. gratissimum, thus justifying their anti-inflammatory properties. The equivalent contents of primary and secondary antioxidants of the extracts were also obtained. Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extracts of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Evaluation of the potentials of Jatropha curcas seed oil and in combination with leaf extracts of Cymbopogon citratus, Ocimum basilicum, and Eucalyptus globulus as wood preservatives against Macrotermes bellicosus termites

The preservation of non-durable woods such as Ayous through the use of environment friendly products is nowadays a major concern to many tropical wood researchers. The objective of this work was to assess the potentials of Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) alone and in combination with Cymbopogon citratus (JCO + CC), Ocimim basilicum (JCO + OB), and Eucalyptus globulus (JCO + EG) leaves extracts at different concentrations (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg) as wood preservatives of Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon) against Macrotermes bellicosus termites. The extracts were tested for their toxicity and repellency on termites. Subsequently, treated and untreated wood was exposed to termites for four weeks. Termite response to treatùents varied with plant species, concentration, and exposure time. Ocimum basilicum extracts combined with J. curcas oil appeared to be the most effective against termites at 16 mg/l for in-vitro tests. It was also shown that the tested treatments were repellent to termites and therefore their mortality could not result from inhalation. J. curcas oil significantly improved the persistence of the treatments. Finally, a combined treatment of J. curcas oil and methanolic extracts of O. basilicum yielded the best protection of Ayous to termite attack, as shown by an average mass loss of 2%. Further research is needed to improve the longevity of the treatments on wood over time.

Toxicity Profile, Phytochemical Composition, and Anti-scaling Properties of the Aqueous Extract of Ocimum basilicum L. Leaves as Novel Green and Cost-Effective Inhibitor: Experimental, MC/SAA and DFT Approach

Toxicity Profile, Phytochemical Composition, and Anti-scaling Properties of the Aqueous Extract of Ocimum basilicum L. Leaves as Novel Green and Cost-Effective Inhibitor: Experimental, MC/SAA and DFT Approach

Biosynthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of silver nanoparticles produced from AgNO3 solution using aqueous extract of Ocimum bacilicum L. leaf as the reducing agent

The paper presents a simple and eco-friendly, green synthesis method of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from AgNO3 solution using aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum L. leaf as the reducing agent. The influence of some factors such as the volume ratio of Ocimum basilicum L. leaf extract/ AgNO3 solution, pH, temperature to the synthesis of silver nanoparticles was investigated. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The morphology and crystalline phase of AgNPs were determined from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra. The results showed that the reaction process was rapid for the formation of stable AgNPs, colorless AgNO3 solution changes to brown-yellow after adding aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum L. leaf. The obtained AgNPs were spherical with different average sizes of 6.5 nm - 12.9 nm and have lattice planes of silver. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was examined by degradation of methylene blue under sunlight irradiation

Physico-chemical characterization and anti-laryngeal cancer effects of the gold nanoparticles

Most recently, gold nanoparticles due to anticancer properties have been considered in medical science. So the aim of the study was green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Ocimum basilicum extract and its anticancer activity. The prepared Au nanoparticles were characterized by advanced physicochemical techniques like Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and UV–vis spectroscopy study. It has been established that Au nanoparticles have a spherical shape with a mean diameter from 19 to 44 nm. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with Au nanoparticles were assessed by MTT assay for 48 h about the cytotoxicity and anti-human laryngeal cancer properties on normal (HUVEC) and cancer (HEp-2, TU212, KB, UM-SCC-5, UM-SCC-11A and UM-SCC-11B) cell lines. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of Au nanoparticles and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 228 and 208 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of Au nanoparticles were 174, 231, 179, 143, 230, and 216 µg/mL against HEp-2, TU212, KB, UM-SCC-5, UM-SCC-11A and UM-SCC-11B cell lines, respectively. The viability of malignant cell lines reduced dose-dependently in the presence of Au nanoparticles. It appears that the anti-cancer effect of Au nanoparticles e to their antioxidant effects.

Antifungal activity of plant extracts against tomato’s fungal diseases

Fungal diseases have always been a major problem for tomato crops. Growers generally use chemical fungicides to treat this type of diseases. However, these products are toxic to the environment and the consumer, especially if the pre-harvest interval is not respected. The present study aims to find non-polluting alternatives. Five plant extracts (Peganum harmala, Ocimum basilicum, Caralluma europaea, Nerium oleander and Eucalyptus globulus) are tested for their in vitro efficiency against four pathogenic fungi:Alternaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, Botrytis cinereataken from fruit,Phytophthora infestans and Oïdium oxysporum. The obtained results reveal that the extract ofOcimum basilicumis the most effective on the studied fungi. Indeed, at a concentration of 0.4%, it inhibited at 80% the development ofBotrytis cinereaand at 81%Oïdium oxysporumat a concentration of 0.2%. Followed byPeganum harmalaandNerium oleander, which also showed an antifungal effect (Peganum harmalainhibited up to 73% of the growth ofAlternaria solaniat a dose of 4%). The extracts ofCaralluma europaeaandEucalyptus globulusproved similar antifungal activity, which exceeded 30%. The study of the fungal/fungistatic effect revealed that all the studied extracts have a fungal effect against the treated fungi. The phytochemical screening showed that the plants extracts are rich in polyphenols especiallyOcimum basilicum, Peganum harmalaandNerium oleander. This leads us to deduce that the antifungal activity may be due to this.

Ocimum basilicum extract modulates Tau aggregation and improves memory function in a neurodegenerative rat model

The main objective of this study was evaluation of the neuroprotective potential effect of Ocimum basilicum on oxidative stress status in rat induced Alzheimer's disease. Fifty rats were divided into five groups (ten rats each). Rats were treated orally with AlCl3 to induced AD. Group 1 (control group). Group 2 (AD group): supplemented orally with AlCl3 (17mg/kg/day) for four weeks. Group 3 (OB/AD group) supplemented concomitantly with oral rivastigmine (3 mg/kg /day). Group 4 (OB/AD group) supplemented concomitantly with oral OB (250mg/kg/day) and Group 5 (OB/AD group) supplemented concomitantly with oral OB (500 mg/kg/day). The results showed that the plant leaves extract increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) with a significant decrease of a serum MDA and also the aggregation of tau protein expression was decreased . Histological changes were observed in brain tissues of AD rats. However, the high dosing of the plant leaves extract (500 mg/kg) was more powerful than the low treatment with low dose (250 mg/kg) by decreasing Tau protein expression. The results suggest that Ocimum basilicum can relieve symptoms and prevent the progression of AD severity by improving memory function. It can be concluded that OB leaves were alleviated the memory impairment and learning abilities due to antioxidants activity of flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids.

Assessment of potential antimicrobial activity of Ocimum basilicum extract and chlorhexidine against Socransky's complex pathogens of oral cavity: An in vitro study.

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease initiated by periodontal pathogens and progresses further in destruction of periodontium. Hence, the objective of this study was to test the efficacy of Ocimum basilicum seeds extract on periodontal pathogens. O. basilicum seeds were authenticated from a recognized taxonomist. They were coarsely powdered; ethanol-based extract preparation was done by the Soxhlet method and aqueous-based extract by hot infusion procedure. Extracts so obtained were assessed for minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, zone of inhibition, and time-kill assay of O. basilicum seeds extract on periodontal pathogens, and comparatively evaluated the effectiveness against 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate in triplicates. Kruskal-Wallis Test was employed wherein the statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. The concentration of O. basilicum ethanolic extract against periodontal pathogens was determined to be 10 mg/ml, whereas 4.7 mg/ml of aqueous extract was proven effective against periodontal pathogens. Similarly, aqueous extract of O. basilicum developed a wider zone against periodontal pathogens compared to ethanol-based O. basilicum extract. Statistically significant difference found in the effectiveness between both extract and CHX. The antibacterial activity was evident in both the extracts of O. basilicum against anaerobic periodontal pathogens. However, it was more pronounced in aqueous extract, but lower compared to CHX.

Effectiveness of Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) Leaf Methanol Extract against Candida albicans Colonies

Candida species, for women are the foremost common cause of parasitic contaminations. Candida species affect contamination in 75% of women and at slightest 6-9% of women involvement repetitive vulvovaginal candidiasis. Candida albicans (CA) accounts for 85-95% of yeast strains separated from the vagina. The treatment which has been administered for candida infections is antifungal drugs such as clotrimazole and fluconazole. When applied topically, synthetic antifungal drugs cause allergic reactions, resistance, and a burning sensation. It is necessary to conduct research on plant-based herbal medicine as an alternative treatment. Kemangi, also recognized as Ocimum Basilicum (OB), is a plant native to Indonesia which has medicinal properties. The objective of this study is to examine how effective OB methanol extract is against CA colonies. The study was performed at Brawijaya University's Microbiology Laboratory in Malang. The experimental laboratories with Posttest Only Control Group Design were employed in this study, with four repetitions of OB concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35% against CA colonies. One-way ANOVA was utilized as the hypothesis test, with a significance level of 0.05. The results demonstrated that OB extract with a concentration of 15% was able to inhibit the growth of CA colonies. In the OB extract with a concentration of 35%, no CA colony growth was revealed. One-way ANOVA test obtained p 0.000 <0.05. Conclusion OB owns adequacy in restraining the development of CA organism with negligible murdering rate at a concentration of 35%. Research required to be performed to identify the antifungal potential of OB extract in vivo.

EFFECT OF OCIMUM BASILICUM IN PREVENTION OF MURINE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE INDUCED VASCULAR CONGESTION OF OVARIAN MEDULLA

Cyclophosphamide is one of the alkylating chemotherapeutic drug used in cancer patients that exhibits antifertility effects on female gonads. Ocimum Basilicum is a natural herb rich in polyphenols and is known to improve fertility. Objective: To determine the role of a natural herb, Ocimum basilicum extract, as a protective agent against cyclophosphamide induced congestion in ovarian medulla.
 Methods: 45 adult female albino rats were divided in control group A, experimental groups B and C each having 15 rats. Group A rats received single dose of 150 mg/kg normal saline intraperitoneally on 8th day of experiment, while group B was given single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. Group C rats were pretreated with methanolic basil (Ocimum basilicum) seeds extract for 7 days followed by single intraperitoneal dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide at day 8 of experiment. All the rats were dissected 48 hours after the last dose.
 Results: Cyclophosphamide caused congestion of blood vessels in ovarian medulla in group B and C. Congestion of ovarian medulla in group B when compared with control group A was highly significant with p-value <0.001. When observed in experimental group C, there was slight improvement in congestion of blood vessels. When compared with the group B, the difference was not significant having p-value 0.229. Conclusion: The results of the present study proved that basil seeds showed slight improvement in vascular congestion in ovarian medulla, when used with Cyclophosphamide as a preventive agent.

Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity in Medicinal Herbs

Abstract: As the presence of excess free radicals in body can cause damage to the system and may lead to several diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Cancer, Atherosclerosis and many more. Free radicals should be neutralized or eliminated out of the body. Apart from the antioxidants present in biological system natural antioxidants available from the diet help in the removal of free radicals from the body. Therefore, the antioxidants present in fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs can be used to scavenge free radicals and treat the disorders due to oxidative stress. Five different medicinal herbs were collected locally to quantitate phytochemicals, antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipid, protein and sugar oxidation. Among the different samples, highest Phenolics, flavonoid and antioxidant activity was seen in aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum. This study demonstrates that it can be used in nutraceuticals and can be a potential source of natural antioxidants to combat the free radical mediated diseases.

Formulation and Characterization of Phythosomal Topical Gel of Ocimum Basilicum

The core objective of the present study was to formulate and characterize Ocimum Basilicum topical phytosomal gel. Ocimum basilicum is an important traditional medicinal plant. Some investigations reported that it showed the antimicrobial and wound healing activity. Phytosomes are vesicular drug delivery system which has proved to be beneficial in providing good absorption and better bioavailability over the herbal conventional extracts. The phytosomes were formulated using Ocimum basilicum extract. The formulated phytosomes were characterized using various methods like entrapment efficiency, percentage yield, stability studies, drug content, in-vitro drug diffusion studies, anti-microbial activity and SEM. The topical phytosomal gel of ocimum basilicum was prepared. The formulated gel was evaluated pH, Spreadability, Extrudability, Drug content, in-vitro drug diffusion study and drug release kinetics. The stability studies were carried out as per ICH guidelines. The prepared phytosomal gel was safe, convenient, efficient and also showed better penetration into the skin. Thus, it can be concluded that the topical phytosomal gel may serve as promising dosage form in the treatment of microbial effect.

Ocimum basilicum-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Induces Innate Immune Responses against Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Squash.

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes a significant threat to crop output sustainability and human nutrition worldwide, since it is one of the most prevalent plant viruses infecting most kinds of plants. Nowadays, different types of nanomaterials are applied as a control agent against different phytopathogens. However, their effects against viral infections are still limited. In the current study, the antiviral activities of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) mediated by aqueous extract of Ocimum basilicum against cucumber mosaic virus in squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) were investigated. The prepared Ag-NPs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and zeta potential distribution techniques. DLS, SEM, and TEM analyses showed that the Ag-NPs were spherical, with sizes ranging from 26.3 to 83 nm with an average particle size of about 32.6 nm. FTIR identified different functional groups responsible for the capping and stability of Ag-NPs. The zeta potential was reported as being −11.1 mV. Under greenhouse conditions, foliar sprays of Ag-NPs (100 µg/mL) promoted growth, delayed disease symptom development, and significantly reduced CMV accumulation levels of treated plants compared to non-treated plants. Treatment with Ag-NPs 24 h before or after CMV infection reduced CMV accumulation levels by 92% and 86%, respectively. There was also a significant increase in total soluble carbohydrates, free radical scavenging activity, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, SOD, and POX), as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content. Furthermore, systemic resistance was induced by significantly increasing the expression levels of pathogenesis-related genes (PR-1 and PR-5) and polyphenolic pathway genes (HCT and CHI). These findings suggest that Ag-NPs produced by O. basilicum could be used as an elicitor agent and as a control agent in the induction and management of plant viral infections.

Nanoherbal Ocimum Basilicium L Reduce Mda And Increase Sod Level In Wistar Rats Induced Stz

One of the public health problems that is very serious and requires proper treatment for sufferers is diabetes mellitus (DM). An increase in plasma glucose levels that exceeds normal limits is one of the basics for diagnosing diabetes. This study aim to determine the antidiabetic activity of Nanoherbal Extract of Ocimum Basilicum L. This is an experimental study in which the research group was divided into seven groups, each including five rats weighing 200-250 grams. Which are (normal group, negative group, metformin, nanoherbal 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kgBW). Rats were induced by STZ 75 mg/kgBW + NCT 120 mg/kgBW until the blood glucose is above 200 mg/dL. The highest level of SOD is the control group 63.984 ± 2,065 ng/mL and the lowest is negative group is 22,41 ± 2,06 ng/mL. For group that given treatment show that the highest SOD level is in dose 200 mg/kgBW 71,72 ± 0,90 ng/mL and the lowest is in dose 25 mg/kgBW 31,814 ± 1,11 ng/mL and the group given metformin is 68,52 ± 32,39 ng/mL. The highest level of MDA is in group control which given only STZ and NCT 37,522 ± 1,64 ng/mL and the lowest MDA level is in normal group 7.199 ± 1,415 ng/mL. however, after given extract show that MDA level decreases which show in the dosen 200 mg/kgBW 7,76 ± 1,64 ng/mL that nearly to the value of normal MDA level while the highest in the treatment group is 30,83 ± 0,961 ng/ml. In summary, Nanoherbal Extract of Ocimum Basilicum L has antidiabetic activity by increasing the level of insulin and antioxidant SOD level while reducing the MDA level

Cost-Effective HPLC Method for Identification of Rosmarinic Acid in Methanol Extract of Ocimum Basilicum

Prescribing herbal remedies is now becoming common by many practitioners, who propose herbal treatments along with conventional medicine systems to treat various ailments considering their synergistic effects. Rosmarinic acid is a potent phenolic compound and caffeic acid derivative. It has many miraculous biological activities. Anti-allergic, anti-angiogenic, anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-microbial activity, and antiviral effect of rosmarinic acid has already been documented in previous literature. It is widely present in many formulations because of its hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect. This study aimed to develop and validate a RP-HPLC method for the standardization of O. basilicum L. raw material and extracts by using rosmarinic acid as a marker. The study also aimed to quantify the rosmarinic acid content in the methanol extract of O. basilicum leaves. A simple and cost-effective High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for determining rosmarinic acid in Ocimum basilicum plant extract has been developed and validated. Methanol-water-orthophosphoric acid in the ratio of 95:5:1 was used as the mobile phase using a C18 reversed-phase column for the HPLC method. Signals were detected at 254 nm. The rosmarinic acid content was found to be 4.2 mg/10 mg of the plant extract. The method is sensitive and reproducible and ideal for quick routine analysis and can be employed for detecting rosmarinic acid in other herbs. Despite the availability of literature on the medicinal properties of this plant and its chemical constituents, only a limited number of papers have been published on the determination of the rosmarinic acid in Ocimum basilicum plant using RP-HPLC. Moreover, this is the first report that quantifies rosmarinic acid in the plant extract by HPLC without using expensive columns and complex buffer systems that deteriorate the chromatographic columns and in turn, enhance the cost of the used process.