Occurrence Of Metabolic Syndrome Research Articles

Meal timing and risk of metabolic syndrome in the prospective French NutriNet-Santé biobank

Abstract Background Circadian rhythm disruption has been associated with higher risks of cardiometabolic diseases and several cancers. Mistimed eating patterns can desynchronize circadian rhythms, and could therefore influence metabolic health. However, long-term associations between meal timing and the metabolic syndrome remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prospective associations between meal timing and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Methods We used measured biological and clinical data from 16 353 adults (51 years ± 13.72) in the NutriNet-Santé biobank (2011-2014), and examined the associations between meal timing, assessed with repeated 24-hour dietary records during the first two years of follow-up (starting 2009), and the risk of metabolic syndrome, using modified Poisson regression models, adjusted for main confounders. Results At the end of follow-up (mean 2.1 years (SD = 1.2)), a later timing of the first meal of the day was associated with a moderately higher risk of metabolic syndrome (1,788 cases; RR per 1-hour delay = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.10). However, after adjusting for overall diet quality, this association was attenuated (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99-1.09). Overall, we found no evidence of an association between the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and the time of the last meal (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.95-1.05), the number of eating occasions (RR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.98 - 1.03), or night-time fasting duration (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.99 1.07). Conclusions In this large prospective study, timing of the first meal showed modest associations with metabolic syndrome. Further investigations using a longer follow-up are needed to elucidate how meal timing influences metabolic health. Key messages • Beyond the nutritional quality of meals, meal timing, particularly time of first meal, may be an accessible prevention strategy for metabolic health. • More largescale prospective and intervention studies are needed to better understand the links between meal timing and metabolic health.

Association between olfactory function and metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder patients: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundOlfactory function is closely related to mood and the endocrine system. However, the role of olfactory function in bipolar disorder combined with metabolic syndrome remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations among olfactory function, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsNinety-six bipolar disorder patients were divided into two groups with and without metabolic syndrome. We also included 46 healthy controls. Olfactory function was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks test. Blood samples were collected to measure metabolic indicators and serum TNF-α levels.ResultsSignificant differences in olfactory function were found among the three groups. Compared with the healthy controls, the bipolar disorder without metabolic syndrome group showed poorer olfactory identification ability (P < 0.001) and the bipolar disorder with metabolic syndrome group showed impaired olfactory sensitivity (P = 0.003) and olfactory identification (P < 0.001). Moreover, the bipolar disorder with metabolic syndrome group had poorer olfactory identification ability than the bipolar disorder without metabolic syndrome group (P = 0.015). Both bipolar disorder groups showed lower TNF-α levels than healthy controls. However, there was no significant difference between the two patient groups. Correlation analysis showed that, in the bipolar disorder with metabolic syndrome group, olfactory identification was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = − 0.424, P = 0.031), and serum TNF-α level was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI; r = − 0.398, P = 0.049), triglyceride (r = − 0.503, P = 0.010), total cholesterol (r = − 0.491, P = 0.013), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r = − 0.491, P = 0.013), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r = − 0.454, P = 0.023).ConclusionsThe olfactory identification ability of patients with bipolar disorder is worse than that of healthy controls, and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome will further aggravate the olfactory identification impairment of those patients. Furthermore, there may be a stronger link between serum TNF-α level and multiple metabolic indicators in bipolar disorder patients with metabolic syndrome than in bipolar disorder patients without metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis in a Mixed Race Population: Comparison of Their Prevalences.

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting the association between psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) separately with metabolic syndrome (MS) in different populations. The literature is relatively scarce in terms of comparing the prevalence of MS in PsO and PsA with controls without systemic inflammatory diseases. We aimed to assess the prevalence of MS among patients with PsO, PsA, and a control group without systemic inflammatory disease, in addition to investigating the risks of MS occurrence and its different components in each group. This is a cross-sectional case-control study with three groups of patients: PsO, PsA, and control. The diagnosis of MS was defined according to the modified 2009 NCTEP ATP III criteria. Patients underwent thorough physical examination and fasting blood samples. A total of 195 patients were included in this analysis (PsO = 50; PsA = 64, and controls = 81). The prevalence of MS in the control, PsO, and PsA groups was 37%, 56%, and 57.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Waist circumference (p = 0.013) and arterial hypertension (p < 0.001) were the most significant components of MS in patients with PsO and PsA. Multivariate analysis confirmed an independent risk of MS in women, elderly patients, obese patients, patients with hyperglycemia, and patients with psoriasis, especially PsA (OR = 6.2 [CI 95% 2.4-16.2], p < 0.001). MS is more prevalent in patients with PsA, which can be determined by the increase in inflammatory pathways.

Occurrence of metabolic syndrome in midlife in relation to cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality—lessons from a population-based matched cohort study with 27 years follow-up

ObjectivesWe examined how asymptomatic metabolic syndrome (MetS) in midlife affects cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and all-cause mortality later in life and studied difference in time to event and from the individual...

The influence of lactation on insulin and glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and cytokines in pregnant mares

Glucose metabolism adapts to gestation, resulting in progressive physiological insulin resistance and increased insulin secretion to maintain maternal euglycemia and glucose availability for the developing fetus. These changes can impact mare fertility and maternal and neonatal health. This is the first comparison of body condition, regional adiposity, insulin and glucose dynamics, lipid metabolism, and cytokine production between lactating and non-lactating mares before, during pregnancy, and early postpartum. Twelve pregnancies from 9 broodmares, five nonlactating (NL) and seven lactating (L), were used. Evaluations were performed on the day of ovulation, at 55, 110, 165, 220, 275, and 330 days of gestation (D55, D110, D165, D220, D275, D330) and 21 days postpartum (21pp). Mares in the L group had lower basal insulin and glucose at the beginning of pregnancy, smaller area under the curve of insulin and glucose, and greater insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Resistin was higher in D110 and D165 than in D0, D275, 330 and 21pp, while leptin was higher in D55, and in D110, at D110 it was equal to D0, D220, and D275, but higher than at D330 and D21pp. As for the groups, L presented lower body condition score (BCS), crest neck score (CNS), rump fat thickness (RUM), basal insulin, glucose area under the curve (AUCg), MIRG and higher RISQI, adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα). There was no effect over time in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations between the L mares; in the NL, D275 presented higher concentrations than those of D0, D55, and D110, which in turn were equal to the other time points; there were higher concentrations in NL mares than L in samples D165 and D275. In conclusion, a different metabolic profile during pregnancy was detected, and NL mares were closer to the metabolic threshold for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome during pregnancy. Understanding the impacts of these differences on mare's health and their offspring's future is fundamental as most of our recipient mares for embryo transfer are non-lactating. Therefore, we suggest that further studies be performed to evaluate lactation's influence on mares' metabolic parameters.

Does Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Have Prognostic Significance for Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in IgA Nephropathy?

Patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), a chronic kidney disease (CKD), are significantly more likely to have cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity than the general population. The occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and metabolic risk factors are independent risk factors for CV disease and renal progression. The purpose of this study was to determine how metabolic characteristics in a homogeneous population of CKD patients relate to prognosis. A total of 145 patients with CKD stages 1-4 diagnosed with IgA nephropathy (92 men and 53 women, aged 54.7 ± 13 years) were examined and monitored for a median of 190 months. All-cause mortality and any CV event, such as stroke, myocardial infarction, revascularization (CV), end-stage renal disease, and renal replacement therapy (renal), have been included in the composite endpoints (CV and renal). Patients with MetS had significantly more primary endpoint events (23/65 patients vs. 15/60 patients, p < 0.001) compared to the non-MetS group. The MetS group had a statistically significant increase in both primary renal and CV endpoints (18/65 vs. 10/60, p = 0.001), and in CV endpoint events (7/65 vs. 6/60, p = 0.029) among the secondary endpoints (CV and renal separately). Based on Cox regression analysis, the main endpoint independent predictors of survival were dyslipidemia, eGFR, hemoglobin, urine albuminuria, and diabetes mellitus. Independent predictors of secondary renal endpoints were dyslipidemia, hemoglobin, urine albumin, and eGFR. Predictors of secondary cardiovascular endpoints were gender, BMI, and diabetes. When Kaplan-Meier curves were analyzed at the combined endpoints (CV and renal) or each endpoint independently, significant differences were seen between MetS and non-MetS. With more MetS components, the primary endpoint rate increased significantly (MetS comp. 0 vs. MetS comp. 2+, primary endpoints, p = 0.012). Our results show that the metabolic profile has a prognostic role not only for renal endpoints but also for CV endpoints in IgAN. BMI, hyperuricemia, hypertension, and diabetes have a predictive value for the prognosis of IgA nephropathy.

Abstract PO3-11-08: High Risk of Metabolic Dysfunction in Non-Obese Breast Cancer Survivors

Abstract Much literature already depicts the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS), obesity, and breast cancer. Despite that, up to one-third of non-obese individuals may exhibit undiagnosed MS or metabolic dysfunction, posing an independent cancer risk and worse outcomes even for those with a body mass index (BMI) &amp;lt; 30kg/m². In that manner, our study aims to evaluate the metabolic profile of non-obese women with postmenopausal breast cancer compared to non-obese women without breast cancer. In this cross-sectional clinical study at the State University of São Paulo Medical School - UNESP. The study group (n=130) included women aged ≥ 45 and &amp;lt; 75 years, in amenorrhea for at least 12 months, BMI ≤ 30kg/m2, histological diagnosis of breast cancer, without metastatic disease, and without established cardiovascular disease (CVD). The control group (n=130) comprised women with all the same criteria except for breast cancer diagnosis. The groups were matched by age and menopause time in a ratio of one case to one control (1:1). We aimed to analyze their clinical, biochemical, and oncological data to establish relationships between these groups. We presented the data in tables 1 - 3. The groups showed homogeneity in age, time since menopause, BMI, waist circumference (WC), and cholesterol levels. There was a higher occurrence of MS and hypertension (HTN) among women treated for breast cancer compared to the control group (30.8% vs. 20.0% and 25.4% vs.14.6%, respectively) (p&amp;lt; 0.05). Similarly, a higher percentage of women treated for breast cancer had abnormal values for total cholesterol and glucose (56.2% vs. 43.1% and 29.2% vs. 15.4%, respectively) (p&amp;lt; 0.05). In the analysis of metabolic profile risk-adjusted for age time since menopause and BMI, women treated for breast cancer showed an increased risk for MS (OR=2.76, 95% CI 1.48-5.15), elevated glucose (OR=2.69, 95% CI 1.46-4.96), and HTN (OR=3.03, 95% CI 1.51-6.10). In the evaluation of factors influencing the metabolic profile, women with breast cancer had significantly higher mean values of WC (82.6±8.5 vs. 79.9±6.4 cm, p=0.048), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (129.2±17.1 and 77.7±8.8 mmHg vs. 118.2±15.1 and 73.6±8.8 mmHg, p=0.0002 and p=0.01, respectively), and glucose (99.7±32.5 vs. 86.6±7.6 mg/dL, p=0.0002) compared to control group. We conducted a sub-analysis among women with BMI &amp;lt; 25kg/m² from both groups. Women with breast cancer (n=64) had a higher occurrence of MS compared to women without breast cancer (n=53) (17.2% vs. 1.9%, respectively). Even though this sub-analysis did not reach the minimum number of patients with BMI &amp;lt; 25 kg/m² to achieve p value &amp;lt; 0,05, this analysis reveals a significant difference in MS incidence between the groups (p=0.007). This reinforces the hypothesis that oncological diagnosis substantially affects metabolic health, and therefore, breast cancer patients should receive special attention regarding their metabolic profile, regardless of their BMI. Conclusion: Non-obese women with breast cancer showed a higher risk of MS, HTN, and diabetes, with a worse metabolic profile than non-obese postmenopausal women without breast cancer. These findings suggest that postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer, even in the absence of obesity, exhibit significant metabolic dysfunction characterized by a higher occurrence of MS and its components. The findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive assessment of metabolic health in women with breast cancer, regardless of their body mass index, to ensure appropriate and individualized care for these patients. Table 1 - Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics among 130 non-obese postmenopausal women with breast cancer and 130 non-obese postmenopausal women (control) (average values ± standard deviation). Table 2 - Comparison of categorized clinical and laboratory characteristics that influence the metabolic profile between 130 non-obese postmenopausal women with breast cancer and 130 non-obese postmenopausal women (control). Values expressed as number and percentage in parentheses. CA, cancer; WC, waist circumference; MS, metabolic syndrome; HDL, high-density lipoprotein, LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides. *Significant difference p&amp;lt;0.05 (Chi-square Test). Table 3. Association between the presence of Metabolic Syndrome, and its clinical and laboratory components, among the 130 non-obese postmenopausal women with breast cancer and the 130 non-obese postmenopausal women (control). Values expressed as number and percentage in parentheses. CA, cancer; BP, blood pressure; WC, waist circumference; TG, triglycerides. *Odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, menopause duration and BMI. **Significant difference if p&amp;lt;0.05 (Logistic Regression). Citation Format: Pedro Paulo Perroni Filho, Daniel Buttros, Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahas. High Risk of Metabolic Dysfunction in Non-Obese Breast Cancer Survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-11-08.

Metabolic Syndrome Frequency in Type 2 Diabetics Using International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Criteria Analysis.

Background The cluster of metabolic abnormalities known as metabolic syndrome has a significant association with the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence rate of metabolic syndrome among a group of patients diagnosed with T2DM, according to the standards set by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Chandka Medical College, Larkana, Pakistan, from June 2019 to 2020. Using the IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome, 131 type 2 diabetics over age 30 were purposively sampled, excluding specific medical conditions and medications. Trained nurses recorded patient demographics, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Relevant laboratory tests were conducted, and metabolic syndrome prevalence was determined. Data were analyzed using IBMSPSSStatistics for Windows, Version 19, (Released 2010; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States), considering both quantitative and qualitative variables. Results The research found that the occurrence of metabolic syndrome was 87.2%. It is worth mentioning that age did not have a considerable connection with metabolic syndrome incidence (p=0.873), as the overwhelming majority of participants in both groups were aged over 40 years. However, there was a clear link (p=0.001) between gender and the 'no metabolic syndrome' group, with more males in this category. Additionally, blood pressure was significantly linked to metabolic syndrome (p=0.001), with most individuals having normal blood pressure in the 'no metabolic syndrome' group. Although serum triglyceride levels were not significantly associated with metabolic syndrome (p=0.222), serum HDL cholesterol levels had a significant relationship (p<0.0001), where most people possessed HDL levels ≥40mg/dl in the 'no metabolic syndrome' category. Conclusion The findings of this investigation demonstrated a substantial occurrence of metabolic syndrome in patients with T2DM, wherein notable links were detected with gender, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol levels. However, no significant correlation was observed with age or serum triglycerides. These results emphasize the necessity for an all-inclusive metabolic care approach for individuals with T2DM.

A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of a probiotic combination for manipulating the gut microbiota and managing metabolic syndrome

An increasing number of studies indicate that the occurrence of metabolic syndrome is significantly influenced by the host's gut microbiota and its metabolites. This study evaluated the potential application of a combination of Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCFM8630 and Lactobacillus reuteri CCFM8631 for the clinical remission of metabolic syndrome. This research comprised 40 individuals with metabolic syndrome, 21 of whom were in the probiotic intervention group and 19 in the placebo control group. The intervention duration was 11 weeks and involved the daily intake of 1 × 1010 CFU of a probiotic combination comprising Bifidobacterium adolescentis CCFM8630 and Lactobacillus reuteri CCFM8631. The serum biochemical indexes of the participants before and after the intervention were measured. After the intervention, faecal samples were collected to comprehensively analyse the gut microbiota of the participants by high-throughput sequencing and the faecal concentrations of target short-chain fatty acids by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that the 11-week probiotic intervention significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in patients with metabolic syndrome and significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and some genera that produce short-chain fatty acids by regulating the abundance of gut microbial taxa that are strongly correlated with the clinical indicators of metabolic syndrome. These results demonstrated the beneficial effects of the probiotic combination on the clinical remission of metabolic syndrome, suggesting its potential application as an adjuvant strategy for the clinical treatment of metabolic syndrome in the future and laying a foundation for the further study of the mechanism of action of probiotics in alleviating metabolic syndrome.

Understanding Vatavyadhi as a Sequelaeae of Metabolic Syndrome And Its Management - A Review

The increasing occurrence of metabolic syndrome in children and teenagers is alarming due to the potential for significant long-term health issues. Recognizing and addressing this condition early are essential to avoid permanent harm. Traditional Ayurvedic perspectives offer valuable insights into this issue. Conditions such as Sthaulya (Obesity), Prameha (Diabetes), Shonita Dusti (Blood Impurity), and Dhamani Pratichaya (Vascular Diseases) share similarities with metabolic syndrome. These arise from excessive intake and accumulation (Santarpana nidana), leading to a build-up of Kapha (one of three senses of humor having unctuous property) and Medha (fat), eventually affecting other Doshas (humor) and multiple tissues. Ayurvedic treatments aim to manage these conditions, as they tend to be chronic and prone to complications, potentially progressing to Vatavyadhi (neurological disorders) over time. The interplay of kapha and medha in blocking channels (Margavarana) is a crucial consequence of these conditions, contributing to the development of vatavyadhi. This review article highlights the importance of early intervention and traditional Ayurvedic approaches in managing metabolic syndrome-like conditions in children and adolescents to prevent long-term complications.

Ethnic variations in metabolic syndrome components and their associations with the gut microbiota: the HELIUS study

BackgroundThe occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the gut microbiota composition are known to differ across ethnicities yet how these three factors are interwoven is unknown. Also, it is unknown what the relative contribution of the gut microbiota composition is to each MetS component and whether this differs between ethnicities. We therefore determined the occurrence of MetS and its components in the multi-ethnic HELIUS cohort and tested the overall and ethnic-specific associations with the gut microbiota composition.MethodsWe included 16,209 treatment naïve participants of the HELIUS study, which were of Dutch, African Surinamese, South-Asian Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, and Moroccan descent to analyze MetS and its components across ethnicities. In a subset (n = 3443), the gut microbiota composition (16S) was associated with MetS outcomes using linear and logistic regression models.ResultsA differential, often sex-dependent, prevalence of MetS components and their combinations were observed across ethnicities. Increased blood pressure was commonly seen especially in Ghanaians, while South-Asian Surinamese and Turkish had higher MetS rates in general and were characterized by worse lipid-related measures. Regarding the gut microbiota, when ethnic-independent associations were assumed, a higher α-diversity, higher abundance of several ASVs (mostly for waist and triglyceride-related outcomes) and a trophic network of ASVs of Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, and Methanobrevibacter (RCM) bacteria were associated with better MetS outcomes. Statistically significant ethnic-specific associations were however noticed for α-diversity and the RCM trophic network. Associations were significant in the Dutch but not always in all other ethnicities. In Ghanaians, a higher α-diversity and RCM network abundance showed an aberrant positive association with high blood pressure measures compared to the other ethnicities. Even though adjustment for socioeconomic status-, lifestyle-, and diet-related variables often attenuated the effect size and/or the statistical significance of the ethnic-specific associations, an overall similar pattern across outcomes and ethnicities remained.ConclusionsThe occurrence of MetS characteristics among ethnicities is heterogeneous. Both ethnic-independent and ethnic-specific associations were identified between the gut microbiota and MetS outcomes. Across multiple ethnicities, a one-size-fits-all approach may thus be reconsidered in regard to both the definition and/or treatment of MetS and its relation to the gut microbiota.

Dysregulation of miR-335-5p in People with Obesity and its Predictive Value for Metabolic Syndrome.

The epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome has become the most serious global public health problem. The part played by microRNA (miRNA) in the onset and progression of obesity and metabolic syndrome has been increasingly focused upon. The goal of this study was to explore miR-335-5p as a potential predictive biomarker or therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic syndrome. The expression level of miR-335-5p was detected by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic value of miR-335-5p was evaluated by ROC curve. The association between serum miR-335-5p levels and various clinical parameters was assessed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in obese population. The biological processes and molecular mechanisms are studied through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. The ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-335-5p could serve as a predictive indicator for the development of obesity accompanied by metabolic syndrome. Logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI, TG, FBG, HOMA-IR, and miR-335-5p expression represent independent risk factors of metabolic syndrome occurrence. Chi-square test analysis revealed that patients with higher values of BMI, SBP, DBP, TG, FBG, and HOMA-IR exhibited a more significantly increased expression of miR-335-5p in their serum. In conclusion, miR-335-5p holds predictive and diagnostic value for obesity and metabolic syndrome and has potential to serve as a biomarker for these conditions.

Inflammation mediates the relationship between diet quality assessed by healthy eating index-2015 and metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic disorders, including obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and abnormal lipid levels. However, researches on the association between overall dietary quality measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and the risk of metabolic syndrome is still lacking. This study utilized data from four cycles (2011-2018) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, including 17,582 participants. Logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the correlation between HEI and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Additionally, mediation analysis was conducted to examine the effects of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and serum uric acid as potential mediators between HEI and metabolic syndrome risk. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression evaluated the composite exposure impact of the 13 components of the HEI on metabolic syndrome, as well as the proportion of their weights. Higher dietary quality measured by HEI-2015 (at the 75th percentile) was negatively correlated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (OR=0.80, 95%CI=0.72-0.89, P=0.003). Higher SII and serum uric acid levels were identified as risk factors for metabolic syndrome (P for trend<0.001). Approximately 37.5% of the effect of HEI on metabolic syndrome occurrence was mediated by SII (Indirect effect=-0.002, 95%CI (-0.003,-0.001), Direct effect=-0.022, 95%CI (-0.0273,-0.015)). Additionally, 25% of the effect of HEI on metabolic syndrome occurrence was mediated by serum uric acid levels (Indirect effect=-0.006, 95%CI (-0.010,-0.012), Direct effect=-0.024, 95%CI (-0.041,-0.009)). WQS regression analysis revealed the highest weighted proportions for seafood and plant proteins (25.20%) and sodium (17.79%), while the weight for whole fruit was the lowest (0.25%). Better dietary quality measured by HEI-2015 was associated with a lower likelihood of metabolic syndrome. Higher SII and serum uric acid levels were identified as risk factors for metabolic syndrome and potential mediators.

Non-targeted metabolomics strategy reveals the role of Geng-Nian-Shu in regulating ferroptosis in perimenopausal syndrome

Ovariectomy (OVX) is usually accompanied by the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. Previous studies have shown that Geng-Nian-Shu (GNS) plays an important regulatory role in perimenopausal syndrome (PMS) rats. GNS is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription which composed of Suanzaoren Decoction and Ganmai Dazao Decoction in "Jingui Yaolue" and Siwu Decoction in "Heji Jufang". Recently, metabolomics analysis has been used to identify slight changes in the metabolic profile and to help understand disease progression and therapeutic interventions in PMS. However, the mechanism of GNS in the treatment of PMS is still unknown. We purposed to study the metabolic characteristics of PMS by serum and fecal metabolomics, and revealed the internal mechanism of GNS regulating ferroptosis against PMS. The PMS model was established by surgical removal of 4/5 ovaries of rats. HPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to analyze the metabolomics of rat plasma and feces to explore the potential mechanism of GNS in PMS. The expression of ferroptosis-related proteins in rat ovaries was detected by tissue Prussian blue staining, Elisa kit and Western blotting. Cluster analysis of differential metabolites in plasma and feces between the control group and the model group showed that organic acids and their derivatives, lipids and lipid molecules were mainly disturbed during PMS in rats. After GNS administration, 17 differential metabolites were adjusted, involving several major pathways, such as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, biosynthesis of amino acids and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Further, we found that GNS affected ferroptosis in ovarian cells by regulating endogenous substances in OVX rats. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism of OVX-induced metabolic syndrome based on non-targeted metabolomics. It provides new ideas for the development and application of GNS and the diagnosis and treatment of PMS.

Ispitivanje udruženosti polimorfizma Pro12Ala u genu PPARG sa pojavom gojaznosti i metaboličkog sindroma kod žena u postmenopauzi

Introduction: During menopause, the prevalence of metabolic disorders in women increases significantly. Postmenopausal women have increased waist circumference, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia and low HDL cholesterol, which leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Gamma gene PPAR-g belongs to the family of nuclear receptors and plays a significant role in lipid and glucose metabolism. Polymorphism Pro12Ala is present within the PPARG gene. The presence of the Ala allele leads to a 30 to 50% reduction in PPAR-g activity. Aim: The aim of the research is to determine the association between the genotype Pro12Ala polymorphism genotype in the PPAR-g gene and the metabolic syndrome, hypertension, as well as the biochemical parameters of obesity in postmenopausal women. Material and methods: Total of 98 female postmenopausal patients were included in the study. The analysis of Pro12Ala genotype of PPAR-g gene was done by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: In the examined group of patients, CC (Pro/Pro) genotype was found in 81 patients (82.7%), while the CG (Pro/Ala) genotype was present in 17 patients (17.3%). Analysis of the association of Pro12Ala genotypes with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension and type II diabetes showed that women carriers of CC genotype were statistically significantly more likely to have hypertension than carriers of CG genotype (p = 0.030). Analysis of the association of Pro12Ala polymorphisms with biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and glycaemia) did not show statistical significance. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a possible association of the Pro/Pro genotype of the Pro12Ala polymorphism with the risk of developing hypertension in postmenopausal women.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN COOKIES TAPE KETAN HITAM DAN EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN PADA REMAJA GEMUK

Black glutinous tape contains anthocyanins and has antioxidant activity as well as fiber. Consumption of black glutinous tape at least &gt;11.5grams a day can prevent the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. One of the components of metabolic syndrome is the accumulation of fat around the waist (central obesity). The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of giving black glutinous rice tape cookies and nutritional education on weight loss in obese adolescents. The research design used quasi-experiments before and post-test two groups, by comparing the change in body weight between subjects who were given black tape cookies and subjects who were given nutrition education. The research was conducted in August-September 2017 at SMAN 2 and 3 Cimahi. The population is all students who are obese based on the BMI/U indicator of a Z score value of&gt;+1. The minimum sample size in each group was 21. The study showed that there was an average weight decrease in the group given black glutinous rice tape cookies (0.53+1.41kg) and in the group given nutrition education (0.43+1.40kg). Based on statistical tests, there was no difference in weight before and after the intervention (p&gt;0.05). Giving black glutinous rice tape cookies and providing nutrition education for one month to obese teenagers can lead to weight loss, but this has not been statistically proven. Further research is needed on the provision of sticky rice tape cookies with various weights and with a longer period of time so that the impact of weight loss on obese teenagers can be observed.

Automated Machine Learning to Develop Predictive Models of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Periodontal Disease.

Metabolic syndrome is experiencing a concerning and escalating rise in prevalence today. The link between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease is a highly relevant area of research. Some studies have suggested a bidirectional relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease, where one condition may exacerbate the other. Furthermore, the existence of periodontal disease among these individuals significantly impacts overall health management. This research focuses on the relationship between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome, while also incorporating data on general health status and overall well-being. We aimed to develop advanced machine learning models that efficiently identify key predictors of metabolic syndrome, a significant emphasis being placed on thoroughly explaining the predictions generated by the models. We studied a group of 296 patients, hospitalized in SCJU Sibiu, aged between 45-79 years, of which 57% had metabolic syndrome. The patients underwent dental consultations and subsequently responded to a dedicated questionnaire, along with a standard EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. The following data were recorded: DMFT (Decayed, Missing due to caries, and Filled Teeth), CPI (Community Periodontal Index), periodontal pockets depth, loss of epithelial insertion, bleeding after probing, frequency of tooth brushing, regular dental control, cardiovascular risk, carotid atherosclerosis, and EQ-5D-5L score. We used Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) frameworks to build predictive models in order to determine which of these risk factors exhibits the most robust association with metabolic syndrome. To gain confidence in the results provided by the machine learning models provided by the AutoML pipelines, we used SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values for the interpretability of these models, from a global and local perspective. The obtained results confirm that the severity of periodontal disease, high cardiovascular risk, and low EQ-5D-5L score have the greatest impact in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Tajikistan

Objective. To study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the adult population of Tajikistan in the example of pilot districts.Material and methods. A total of 1304 individuals (718 women, 586 men, average age 41.1±13.6 years) from Dushanbe city and the pilot districts of Rudaki and Gissar were screened for metabolic syndrome without prior randomization. The diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory indicators according to WHO (1999) and IDF (2005) criteria. All participants provided voluntary written consent to partake in the screening.Results and discussion. Using the WHO criteria, metabolic syndrome was identified in 94 (7.2%) people 38 (6.5%) men and 56 (7.8%) women. Hyperglycemia was detected in 97 (7.4%) respondents with a median fasting glucose level of 7.0 (6.8; 8.3) mmol/L. Increased waist to hip circumference ratio (n=174; 13.3%) was observed twice as often in women (n=117; 16.3%) compared to men (n=57; 9.7%) (p&lt;0.001).Dyslipidemia in the form of increased triglycerides (n=372; 28.5%) or decreased high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (n=77; 5.9%) from reference values was identified in one in four participants.Arterial hypertension of varying severity was present in 20 (1.5%) respondents, with no significant difference between men (n=9; 1.54%) and women (n=11; 1.53%) (p&gt;0.05). The median CAD and MAP in this group of respondents was 140.0 (130.0; 145.0) / 95.0 (90.0; 110.0) mmHg, with no discernible gender disparity.Based on the IDF (2005) criteria, metabolic syndrome was identified in 176 (13.5%) participants: 71 (12.1%) men and 105 (14.6%) women. As participant age increased, there was a corresponding rise in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. Thus, among 18-44-year-old respondents (n=820), 39 (4.8%) had metabolic syndrome, among 45-59 year old (n=328) 36 (10.9%), among 60-74 year old (n=150) 17 (11.3%) and among 75-90 year old (n=6) 2 (33.3%).Conclusion. Metabolic syndrome is detected in 7.2-13.5% of the adult population. Young men and middleaged to elderly women are the most affected demographics. Due to the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, it is necessary to strengthen organizational measures for its broad prevention among the general population by promoting a healthy lifestyle, healthy diet, and increasing physical activity.

Occurrence of Metabolic Syndrome in Untreated Bipolar Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to observe the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in untreated individuals with bipolar disorders. A total of 125 untreated individuals with bipolar disorders were collected as the study group, and 201 cases from the health examination center of our hospital were selected as the control group. The participants enrolled were assessed for general demographic data, case characteristics, and metabolic indexes including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL-C, cholesterol, LDL-C, and fasting plasma glucose. The incidence of metabolic syndrome in the bipolar disorders group was higher compared to the control group (9.6% VS. 8.5%). After calibrating sex and age data, a significant difference between the two groups was observed (P<0.05). Diastolic and systolic blood pressure were higher in the bipolar disorders group compared to the control group (P<0.01). Men with bipolar disorders had a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome than women (14.5% vs. 5.8%). Bipolar disorders, sex, age, and BMI were identified as independent risk factors for metabolic syndrome. No significant difference was found in terms of metabolic index and incidence of metabolic syndrome between individuals with depressive episodes (n=37) and manic episodes (n=75). Patients with bipolar disorders were found to have a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome than healthy individuals. Bipolar disorders, male sex, age, and BMI may contribute to an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome.

Comparison of cardiometabolic risk factors between obese and non-obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with cardiometabolic abnormalities. This association could be partly influenced by weight, but not entirely. This study aimed to compare the cardiometabolic risk factors between obese and non-obese NAFLD patients, and explored the relationship between adiposity and severity of fatty liver. This cross-sectional study included 452 patients with Fibroscan-proven NAFLD. Anthropometric measurements, metabolic components and hepatic histological features were evaluated. The risk of metabolic syndrome in each body mass index (BMI) category was analyzed using logistic regression. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 10.2%, 27.7%, and 62.1% in normal-weight, overweight and obese participants. Regression analysis showed that the risk of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese NAFLD patients was 3.74 and 4.85 times higher than in patients with normal weight, respectively. Waist circumference (β = 0.770, P < 0.001) and serum concentration of fasting blood glucose (β = 0.193, P = 0.002) and triglyceride (β = 0.432, P < 0.001) were the determinants of metabolic syndrome occurrence in NAFLD patients. Metabolic abnormalities were similar in obese and non-obese NAFLD patients, although, the increase in BMI was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in patients.