Obsessional Neurosis Research Articles

Trichotillomania is chronic obsessive compulsive disease with a diagnostic hair loss patterns

Background: Trichotillomania (TTM) is a common cause of childhood alopecia. It’s a traumatic alopecia and is defined as the irresistible urge to pull out the hair, accompanied by a sense of relief after the hair has been plucked. The condition maybe episodic and the chronic type is difficult to treat. There seem to be an increase in the prevalence of the condition probably due to the changing life style into a more stressful one. Objective: To do full evaluation of this disease and description of hair loss patterns. Patients and methods: In this descriptive study, we collected patients with trichotillomania who had attended department of dermatology, college of medicine, university of Baghdad, Baghdad teaching hospital during the period from 2011 through 2019 where 114 cases of TTM were seen. The diagnosis was established on clinical basis after exclusion of other dermatological diseases and medical problems.Full history was taken from each patient including demographic data, presence of stressful life event as a triggering factor. Psycholgical assessment was carried out for each patient by experienced dermatologist as psychiatric referral was refused by all patients and their families.Full description of patterns of hair loss was carried out after exclusion of other causes of hair loss especially alopecia areata. Results: A total of 114 patients diagnosed with TTM were enrolled in this study,88 (77.19%) patients were females and 26 (22.8%) males with female to male ratio: 3.38:1 . Age of patients ranged from 6 – 65 years with a median age of 16 years with the commonest age range between 10-19 years in 64(56.14%) patients.While the duration of the condition ranged from 3 months to 4 years. Family history was positive in 6 (5.3%) patients, all of them were first degree relatives. Psychological evaluation showed obsessive compulsive neurosis in all patients and all patients or parents denied their action. Patients usually presented with areas of different hair lengths. Some hairs may be broken mid-shaft or appeared as uneven, whereas others had small black dots at the surface of the scalp, these features simulating fire in field but no exclamation mark hair were seen. There is usually no scaling on the scalp and the hair does not pull out easily. The affected area often had a strange shape, which had a useful diagnostic clue. The hair loss in TTM can take many shapes; morphological forms or patterns and as follow: crest like in 2 patients (1.75%) both of them were females in the 2nd decade of life, there was loss of hair at the sides of the scalp leaving the frontovertical and occipital area not affected,the second pattern so called cap like were found in 39 patients (34.21%), most patients were in the second decade of life, there was a hair loss at the top of the scalp mainly frontovertical area and leaving the sides of the scalp,the third pattern alopecia areata- like, where multiple patches of hair loss were seen in 20 (17.5%) patients,the forth pattern frontal baldness like seen in 19 patients (16.66%), where the patients presented with complete hair loss of the frontal hair only. While the fifth pattern was the generalized (TTM totalis) type were seen in 19 (16.66%) patients all of them were females. Involvement of the eyebrows and eyelashes alone were seen in 6 (5.26%) patients, most of them were females, all but one in the first and second decade of their lives. Mixed patterns were seen in 8 (7.01%) patients all of them were females in their second decade and as follow: frontal plus eyebrows involvement was the most common in5 patients, followed by frontal plus patchy patterns in 2 patients, then totalis plus eyebrow in one patient. Only one patient was presented with beard involvement. Conclusion: TTM is disease of young female children with obsessive compulsive neurosis that presented with different patterns of hair loss that run chronic course . It is a debilitating disorder to the patients with emotional struggle as have to endure the embarrassment and shame of hair loss. A better understanding and awareness of the disorder is certainly the first step toward recognizing this disorder and management of these patients

Para-além da Histeria... O gozo feminino

O objetivo do presente trabalho é distinguir e demarcar os encontros e desencontros entre a histeria, gozo fálico, e a feminilidade, Outro gozo. Sobretudo, elucidar a singularidade de cada forma de gozar. Comumente, confunde-se a estrutura histérica com o gozo feminino; entretanto, a histeria não anula a feminilidade. Pelo contrário, encontramos fenômenos clínicos que demonstram esses entrecruzamentos dos dois gozos. Por isso, os fenômenos do feminino na histeria serão diferentes dos da neurose obsessiva. Além disso, há os que pressupõem que só existem mulheres histéricas, mas sabemos que também há os homens histéricos. Diante disso, já sabemos que existem pontos congruentes entre elas, pois % Mulher comunica-se tanto com o gozo fálico quanto com o Outro gozo. Esta pesquisa teórica busca, por meio dos fenômenos clínicos, percorrer a interseção entre esses dois gozos. Por conseguinte, mostra-se também que, na psicanálise, a histeria é diferente do senso comum, que a entende como uma alteração de emoções, descontrole e gritaria.

Primal Capital

Although the dynamics of capital are various, one dynamic is inescapably psychical. In this article, I argue in favor of a concept of what I call “primal capital,” in which capital is not only a “factor of production” but also consists of psychical processes. I proceed by way of reconstructing John Maynard Keynes’s account in The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1936) of the owner of capital’s “propensity to hoard.” Keynes presents a model of psychical conflict under epistemic conditions of uncertainty, in which the owners of capital are perpetually torn between hoarding capital in the money form and long-term investment in wealth-generating economic production. To develop the psychical content of capital, I explore resonances between Keynes’s account of hoarding and Freud’s account of obsessional neurosis.

강박신경증 캐릭터 원형 적용을 통한 영화 분석 연구

본 연구는 영화분석을 시나리오 작법과 정신분석학적 개념으로 접근하여 두 학문 간의 통합적 분석방법론을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 영화 이보다 더 좋을 순 없다를 선정하여 캐릭터 원형인 크리스토퍼 보글러의 7가지 유형에 따라 연구자가 역할을 수정한 캐릭터 원형으로써 영화를 분석한다. 첫 번째로, 캐릭터를 유형화 한 캐릭터 원형에 적용한 영화 이보다 더 좋을 순 없다 스토리 분석을 통해, 캐릭터 본질인 내면에 근접하여 영화정신분석의 심도 깊은 해석을 적용해볼 수 있다. 두 번째로, 라캉의 정신분석학에 따라 분석하여, 신경증적 캐릭터라고 하는 정신분석학적 특징을 가진 유형을 살펴보고 분석해봄으로써 추후 이상심리를 기능하는 영화 속 캐릭터 설계와 심도 깊은 캐릭터 구축을 기대해볼 수 있다.

Obsessive Neurosis in the Sigmund Freud Approach

Obsessive neurosis manifests itself through conjuration rites, obsessing symptoms, and permanent mental rumination, in which scruples and doubts interfere with action. It was the French psychiatrist Jules Falret (1824-1902) who used the term obsession to highlight the fact that the subject is affected by pathological ideas and a guilt that obsesses and persecutes him, to the point of being pejoratively compared to a living dead. The term obsession was translated into German by Richard Von Krafft Ebing, who made the choice to use the word Zwangsneurose, which refers to an idea of coercion and compulsion, in which the subject is obliged to act and think against his will. But it was Freud who had the merit of conferring a theoretical and unpublished content on the old obsession clinic [1].

The Affect of Anxiety: Focusing on Don Lee’s Novels

This paper explores the affect of anxiety represented in Don Lee’s Country of Origin and Yellow. As Sigmund Freud presented in 1926, anxiety comes from the ego as a reaction to a situation of danger. In other words, it is the ego which sends a signal of anxiety telling a dangerous situation has been approached. Therefore, the presence of anxiety signifies that the ego is doing its job of a defense mechanism. Futhermore, the anxiety as a sign of desire, as Jacques Lacan points out, is closely related not only with desire but also the real, object a. This means that the object a is to be considered as the cause of desire and the object of anxiety. The protagonists of Don Lee’s novels desire what is believed to be social goods, and they situated themselves outside of ‘an affect community’ as ‘affect aliens’. As a result, Danny and Kenzo among others suffer from obsessional neurosis and anxiety neurosis. But as Lacan puts it, a man’s desire is the desire of the Other, and his desire can not be filled without a fantasy. In Dean’s case, however, he acknowledges the Other’s otherness, which is the object a, and transformed the affect of anxiety into the burgeoning possibility of subjectivity. Thus, reading Don Lee’s novels through the perspective of the affect of anxiety led to a new way of understanding the protagonists and their home town, Rosarita Bay. As an affect community, Rosarita Bay can be a place of drift full of unfastened and metabolized affect.

Five formations of publicity: Constitutive rhetoric from its other side

ABSTRACTThis essay rethinks the constitutive formation of publics by foregrounding the desirability of publics themselves. This project begins by theoretically resituating publics as a series of irrevocably lost objects. Specifically, I contend publics are composed of a montage of desires (oral, anal, phallic, scopic, and superego) modeled on Jacques Lacan’s stages of the object in obsessional neurosis. To explicate, I use this schema to parse the symbolic dimensions of the “people” aligned with Donald J. Trump’s 2016 presidential campaign. Lacan’s schema of the object is adapted into a theory of publicity exemplified in the (astonishing) resilience of the “Trump voter,” the imaginary “people” routinely invoked throughout his emergence as a political figure. Lacan’s schema, I argue, helps explain the symbolic staging of the “Trump voter” as something more than just another potent social imaginary: an object of desire.

El rechazo religioso de lo contemporáneo

El sujeto es nuestro contemporáneo cuando no cesa de usar su poder de creación —lo que lo hace “inactual” por estructura—. Ese proceso de creación lo ha llevado a enfrentarse con el problema intrínseco de la representación, que no puede hacer otra cosa que representar, es decir, reparar en el enigma de lo real. Lo transcendente religioso es una respuesta a lo impensable del sujeto. El psicoanálisis ha acogido a los sujetos privados de la neurosis obsesiva universal (la religión) por la modernidad. A su turno, la postmodernidad objeta la religión privada, la neurosis, lo que obliga al sujeto a escoger entre refugiarse en un radicalismo religioso de aspecto paranoico, o apostar por un cambio radicalmente novedoso. El psicoanálisis, profano, parece abrir la posibilidad de una trascendencia laica.

Fuera de los límites del yo

Freud no deja de interrogar la brecha entre religión y psicoanálisis. Las últimas líneas que escribe muestran la insistencia de su pregunta: “Mística, la oscura autopercepción del reino situado fuera del yo, el ello”. Rastreando esta brecha en la equivalencia que Freud establece entre el imperativo categórico de Kant, el tabú y las restricciones de la neurosis obsesiva, veremos cómo la religión captura la posibilidad, para el sujeto, de aceptar su división subjetiva. A partir de Lacan, apoyándonos en una proposición de Agamben, sostenemos que el psicoanálisis invita el hombre a profanar, a recuperar la relación con la causa de su deseo confiscada por la religión.

Sexuation in Histeria and Obsessional Neurosis

Histeri terimi eski dönemlerden beri kadın ile obsesyon terimi ise erkek ile ilişkili kullanılmıştır. Freud ve Lacan'ın söylemlerinde de bu yapılanmaların cinsiyetlenme ile eşleştirilerek kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Ancak Lacan'ın belirli bir cinsiyetin belirli yapılarla sınırlı olmadığını vurguladığı yazıları da bulunur. Güncel çalışmalarda da kadın obsesyonu ile ilgili tartışmalar sunulmuştur. Bu yazıda, öznenin kurulumunda histeri ve obsesyon nevrozundaki farklılaşmanın temelleri ve bu farklılıkta cinsiyetlenme konuları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca kadın obsesif yapılanma ile ilgili olası tartışmalara yer verilmiş ve konu kültür ve söylem bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre, Lacan histeri ve obsesif yapılanmalarının öznenin kurulum aşamasında Başka’nın arzusu ile ilişkilenmesi üzerinden farklılaştığını belirtir ve Freud’un bu ayrımı biyoloji ile ilişkilendirmesinin ötesine geçer. Ona göre, biyoloji/gerçek ancak dildeki/simgeseldeki anlamıyla değerlendirilebilirdir. Fallusun metaforik olarak ele alınmasıyla, biyolojik olarak kadın veya erkekten değil, konum olarak dişillik veya erillikten bahsetmeye geçilir. Yapılanmalar da cinsiyetlenmedeki konumlanmayla aynı biçimdedir. Ancak fallusun değerini Başka’nın söyleminden alması, konumlanmada değişimin söz konusu olabileceğine dair işaret olarak görülebilir. Arnavutluk’taki kadın ve erkek konumlanmalarının değişebildiği yeminli bakireler geleneği, cinsiyetlenmenin söylem içinde kurulan bir konumlanma olduğuna örnek oluşturmaktadır

Obsessional subjectivity in societies of discipline and control

Drawing on the work of the later Foucault, especially that concerning disciplinary power and bio-power, as well as Deleuze on the emergence of “societies of control,” this article traces the trajectory of obsessional subjectivity from its emergence as a firmly psychiatric category within a disciplinary matrix (i.e., monomania) toward its contemporary position within the bio-political sphere (i.e., obsessional neurosis and obsessive–compulsive disorder) in societies of control. It is argued—pursuant to Lacanian formulations—that obsessional neurosis simultaneously contributes to the efficacy of the workings of bio-power in imagining, vis-à-vis university discourse, a psychologized and psycho-biographical subject knowable and traceable, while also conferring an openness in being that would surmount the dysfunctionality inhering in repetitious thinking and doubt. The aim of this essay is to discern the structural dimensions of mechanisms of obsessional subjection as they implicate certain changing forms of power, and specifically that of our current predicament in the West, in a world where desire and the production of knowledge are governed through bio-power.

Neurotic Treatment Resistance in Screen- or Phone-Based Analysis

The author considers how treatment resistance in technology-mediated work with obsessional neurotic patients can differ from that of in-person sessions, and she then gives corresponding recommendations for clinicians. Three types of resistance are discussed—partially conscious resistance, linguistic resistance, and transferential resistance—with a focus on transferential resistance and its unconscious determinant. The transferential dynamics of obsessional neurosis are explained using the theory of Jacques Lacan, and then these dynamics are tied to manifestations of treatment resistance. The author provides case examples of technology-mediated analytic work with obsessional neurotics and highlights how resistances can be detected and worked through. Working through resistances effectively depends upon making an accurate structural diagnosis and directing the treatment accordingly, but it also rests upon being attuned to the alterations in the medium of a technology-mediated session.

Obsessional Neurosis based on Lacanian Subject Formation Approach

Obsesyon nevrozu, ilk olarak Freud tarafından içsel düşünceler ve bu düşünceleri engellemek amacıyla yapılan tekrarlı davranışlar olarak tanımlanmıştır. Lacan daha sonra bu terimi, kendisinin özne kurulum yaklaşımında bir yapı (structure) olarak kullanmıştır. Lacan’a göre özne (subject), farklı mekanizma ve yapıları içeren birkaç kimlik oluşum anında (moments) kurulmaktadır. Obsesyon nevrozu yapısının ayrışma (separation) anında oluştuğu belirtilir. Buna göre obsesyon nevrozu yapısı, ayrışma anında yaşanan kaygı ile baş etmeye çalışan Özne’nin Ötekini reddederek var olma biçimi ile ilişkilidir. Bu yazıda, obsesyon nevrozunun Ötekini reddetme, suçluluk, öfke ve kontrol gibi bazı özellikleri, Lacanyen özne kurulum yaklaşımı ile ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca, bir vaka örneği bu bağlamda değerlendirilecek, danışanın semptomları ile geçmiş örüntülerinin ilişkisine yer verilecektir. Yazının son bölümünde, vaka ile yürütülen terapi sürecinden örnekler Lacanyen analiz bağlamında değerlendirilecektir.

Obsessive States: Aesthetics, Erotism, and Fantasy

Starting from his early writings, Freud devoted much thought to "obsessional neurosis" and continued developing this theme for more than thirty years. However, unlike the disorder hysteria, which in recent years has regained its honorable status in psychoanalytic literature, obsessional neurosis has been continually neglected and relegated to the fields of psychiatry and behavioral psychology, which emphasize the symptomatic and the overt. This process, by clinging to the objective aspects of obsessional neurosis and disassociating it from the instincts and from its historical sources, may itself be deemed obsessive. This paper suggests that obsessive processes should be viewed as structuring a distinct psychic state pertinent to analysis even when obsessive symptoms are not clearly present or apparent. Freud's conceptualizations thus become more flexibly and widely applicable, allowing the analyst once again to relate to the patient's inner world and to the original, implicit essence of obsession, relying less significantly on what is outwardly apparent. The paper will elaborate on three aspects of this "obsessive state": aesthetics, eroticism, and fantasy. Finally, the value of the notion of obsessive psychic states will be reassessed in the broader context of the role of sexuality in psychoanalytic theory.

De la Vernunft à la Gedächtnis Ou de « l’incertitude de la raison » à « la non-fiabilité de la mémoire »

Avoir une connaissance du monde et de son histoire, soit de soi-même et des autres, vaste programme. « Je voudrais me connaître… savoir quel est le sens de ma vie » peut-on entendre au début d’une demande d’analyse. Les idées religieuses, car Freud précise qu’il n’est pas de son « dessein d’étudier l’évolution de l’idée de Dieu » mais de s’occuper du « trésor tout constitué des idées religieuses » – ces idées donnent « les cadres de temps et de lieu » aux désirs ( L’avenir d’une illusion , 1927). Si la névrose obsessionnelle est marquée du sceau du mécanisme de déplacement , comme l’écrit Freud dans ce texte de 1907 « Actes obsédants et exercices religieux » – il cite des exemples cliniques –, une phrase de lui est également indicative dans le texte de 1927, deux ans avant Le malaise dans la civilisation : « C’est un formidable allègement pour l’âme individuelle que de voir les conflits de l’enfance émanés du complexe paternel […] lui être enlevés et recevoir une solution acceptée de tous. » Il s’agit de réponses aux grandes énigmes de l’humanité, lesquelles sont angoissantes et laissent le petit homme dans une certaine détresse. Deux questions, celle du père et celle de « la » science, sont posées, dans le mouvement de celles de « la » religion. 1927. Et 2016 ? Nous prendrons un exemple clinique, une des « naissances de la psychanalyse » que Freud a rédigée les soirs, ici celle de ladite « association libre », nous dirons également dans le transfert. Lorsque le D r Lehrs vient rencontrer Freud, il veut savoir . Il a feuilleté par hasard, dans ses tourments, chez un ami, la Psychopathologie de la vie quotidienne … Un savoir, notamment sur le sexe. Il pose très vite, avec ses obsessions, les idées concernant son père, une dame « qu’il vénère » et sa religiosité, qu’il lie lui-même à son caractère obsessionnel. Ce que Freud analysera dans ce Journal remarquable.

Roots and vicissitudes of psychic bisexuality

Sigmund Freud considered the difficulty in defining masculinity and femininity from a psychic point of view as a hiatus in psychoanalytic theory. I contend that masculinity pertains to the centrifugal (to that which goes out, and ultimately to that which one loses), and femininity to the centripetal (to the appetency for taking the object into one's own internal space), whether one is considering their archaic roots or their genitalized culmination. The masculine/feminine pair draws support from the body (and, through anaclisis, from the subjective space), identified with a container that is liable already in the first psychic stages of life to empty itself of its own content and to be filled by a foreign content: the content is subjective in the masculine and object‐related in the feminine. The conflicts of ambivalence related to these two movements (desire/anxieties linked to active and passive penetration) lead to the setting up of the rigid and labile poles of the personality, and they are liable to give rise to obsessional and hysterical solutions respectively. My hypotheses will be examined in the light of the two key cases of hysteria and obsessional neurosis in Freud's work: Dora (1905e) and the Rat Man (1909d).

Relation of Health Promoting Behaviors, Mental Health andMilitary Life Adjustments of Conscripted Policemen

According to the Act of Establishment of Riot Police Units in 1970, the conscripted police service can replaces the obligatory military service. Since the life as conscripted policemen is similar to that of military, they may experience difficulties in their adjustment to barrack life. Against this backdrop, this study tries to examine the instruments used for this study were health promoting behaviors, mental health and adjustment to barrack life. Whereas the relation between health promoting behaviors and adjustment to barrack life yielded a positive correlation(r=0.423, p=.000), that between mental health and adjustment to barrack life showed a negative correlation(r=-.383 p=.000). Received(December 02, 2015), Review request(December 03, 2015), Review Result(1st: December 14, 2015, 2nd: January 07, 2016) Accepted(January 15, 2016), Published(January 31, 2016) 36930 Munkyung College, Dept. Nursing, 161, Dahak-daero, Munkyung-si, Kyungpook Korea. email : gtt70@naver.com. (Corresponding Author) 42601 Keimyung University, Dept. Nursing, 161, Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, Korea. email : kmp@kmu.ac.kr. Relation of Health Promoting Behaviors, Mental Health and Barrack Life Adjustments of Conscripted Policemen Copyright c 2016 HSST 198 The relation between Health, responsibility, nutrition, sports, stress management, interpersonal support and self-realization as a subordinate scope of health promoting behaviors, and obsessive compulsive neurosis, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and hostility as a subordin relationship between a health promoting behaviors and mental health, that can be intervened. The purpose of this research it to provide data being useful for the development of health promotion programs that will contribute to the living adjustment of conscripted policemen. From August 3, 2015 to August 7, this survey was conducted and the total number of subjects was 250. The questionnaire were collected from conscripted policemen in K province. The ate scope of mental health, and adjustment to barrack life yielded a positive correlation. Consequently, this study suggest the introduction of health promotion programmes for the increase of adjustment to barrack life, that will improve self-realization, personal relationship and nutrition, and restrain from mental symptoms such as depression, hostility and obsessive compulsive neurosis at the same time.

Le totémisme et sa trace. Comment la psychanalyse pense l’histoire

Résumé On s’efforce ici de lire philosophiquement Totem et Tabou , l’un des livres les plus décriés de Freud, et d’en restituer les thèses cardinales, non seulement sur le meurtre du père, mais sur la transmission des phénomènes psychiques et, en conséquence, sur les concepts corrélatifs de culture et d’histoire. On prend pour cela appui sur un élément singulier de la construction freudienne : le décalage entre les deux traces inégalement marquées du totem et du tabou, encore repérables dans la constitution des sociétés modernes à travers la structure de nos interdits moraux et les traits de la névrose obsessionnelle. En suivant ces traces, on voit alors se dessiner une pensée proprement psychanalytique de l’histoire, comme condition d’existence des sociétés dans lesquelles le totémisme, avec l’articulation qu’il implique entre pensée et réalité, n’a plus cours.

Capitalism and suffering

The present article is an exploration of the relationship between neoliberal capitalism and suffering in a broad sense, which includes everything from economic and physical suffering, psychic suffering in the form of anxiety, self-doubt, uncertainty and stress, to more acute suffering, such as identifiable pathologies. Its point of departure is the patho-analytic principle, that one can gain an understanding of the general psychic condition of humanity by focusing on the characteristic traits of a pathology such as, for example, obsessional neurosis, and examining the possibility that some of these characteristics are encountered in the population at large. Focusing first on evidence of severe economic suffering under the impact of what Klein calls "disaster capitalism", the argument proceeds to Parker's claim, that the typical subject under capitalism displays the character of obsessional neurosis, then to Salecl's examination of capitalism's "ideology of choice", Verhaeghe's investigation of the effects of a market-based economy on psychic health, and Federici's claim that there are signs of increasing resistance to capitalist labour. It concludes with some prospective thoughts on Salecl's, and Hardt and Negri's diagnosis of present social conditions under capitalism.

A ferocidade da culpa na neurose obsessiva: do desamparo à angústia moral

The aim of this paper is to investigate one of the most relevant aspects of obsessional neurosis, the moral issue. This is due to the importance that guilt gets in this pathology, expressed through self-accusation. Our investigation will focus mainly on the issue of guilt starting from the relationship between the agencies of ego and superego. We will have a theoretical elaboration of this issue through a critical analysis of the literature, according to a methodological model of a qualitative type. We seek to show that the violence of the superego, characteristic of obsessional neurosis, is not primarily linked to the question of law in the sense of morality. We examine the essential aspects that underlie the settlement of guilt in this modality of neurosis, taking into account the drive dynamics implied. Aiming at demonstrating the action of a dimension of psychological violence in obsessional neurosis, we analyze the determinations of the violence of the guilt characteristic of this neurosis, considering the topical, dynamic and economic features involved. The superego relentlessly attacks the ego, putting it in a position of passivity. In an attempt to overcome such passivity, the ego responds to this attack by convening a categorical morals.