Object Of Desire Research Articles

Geometric field model of driver’s perceived risk for safe and human-like trajectory planning

Autonomous driving systems must provide safe, predictable, and consistent behaviors across diverse scenarios to enhance user experience. The geometric driver risk field (GDRF) method is proposed for human-like, interpretable, and fast risk estimations. The method models the driver’s subjectively perceived risk with fields formed by sets of geometric shapes. Unlike current safety measures adopted in trajectory planning algorithms, the proposed method aligns with driver risk perception properties. It provides risk estimations based on probable future vehicle states and the risk consequences at different locations. Compared with existing potential field methods for risk estimations, the mathematical form of the method has a high calculation efficiency while keeping the ability to model the details of the risk information. Influences of different obstacle types, multiple regions with different risk levels, and the relative motions between vehicles are modeled in a unified manner. The graph-search and optimization trajectory planning algorithms with a hierarchy framework are also designed to attain desired risk objectives in the planned trajectories. The framework mitigates the possible suboptimality problems in previous hierarchy trajectory planning algorithms. The proposed GDRF method and planning algorithms are examined in driving scenarios with different traffic states and road geometries. Results showed that the proposed risk estimation method outperforms previous risk-oriented potential field methods by more human-like and safer trajectories with evidence from existing studies and safety measures like time headway (THW), time to collision (TTC), and time to lane crossing (TLC). It also provides more consistent behaviors while maintaining a short computation time. The integration of the proposed risk estimation method and trajectory planning algorithms holds great potential for improving the safety and user experience of autonomous driving systems in real-world scenarios.

Output-constrained fixed-time coordinated control for multi-agent systems with event-triggered and delayed communication

In this study, we propose a fixed-time coordinated controller for high-order multi-agent systems dealing with output constraints and switching digraphs while considering event-triggered and delayed communication. To tackle the scenario where only a subset of agents have direct access to the leader, a novel event-triggered fixed-time observer is first devised. This observer effectively estimates the state of the leader, considering the influence of communication delays. Subsequently, a neural network-based fixed-time controller is formulated under output constraints, utilizing the estimated leader commands to achieve the desired control objectives. Finally, practical experiments are conducted using omni-mecanum-wheeled robots to demonstrate the practical feasibility and superior performance of the theoretical findings. This study contributes significantly by tackling the challenging problem of output-constrained fixed-time coordinated control in event-triggered and delayed communication within switching digraphs. This area has yet to be previously explored.

Preoccupation and Absence of Desire: Voyeurism and Caste in Samskara and Kusumabale

The paper explores the different forms of desires in the novels Samskara (1976) and Kusumabale (2015). In Samskara, there is a preoccupation with the theme of desire and the form and narration of the novel imbibes a voyeuristic male gaze. The valorisation of inter-caste relations is performed through this voyeuristic male gaze where desires of upper caste men are manifested through women, they either become the objects of desire or disgust. Their wives, the upper caste women, are portrayed as unattractive while the lower caste women are objects of the upper caste men’s erotic fascination. Through the feminist lens of Laura Mulvey’s theory of male gaze, I analyse how women lack any conscious agency in the novel as they are limited to their bodies, and caste determines the desirability or the lack of it. In comparison, the portrayal of inter-caste relations in Kusumabale does not involve any explicit articulation of desire and the narrative does not cater to any form of voyeuristic gaze. Instead, the novel portrays the deadly consequences of inter-caste relations which often leads to violence. The novel becomes the exact inverse to everything that Samskara tries to achieve be it through form, thematic style, or narration.

The Notion of the One in the Light of Lacanian Psychoanalysis

The article concerns on the interpretation of the One in Lacanian psychoanalysis. This notion derived from the Eleatic philosophy and subsequently was developed in a specific way by Plato and the Neoplatonists. This concept also occupies an important place in Lacanian psychoanalysis. In his seminars, Lacan drew attention to the similarity between philosopher’s and narcissist’s discourse when they speak of the total unity. Since the subject never encounters such unity in his experience, there should be an instance producing the idea of totality. According to Lacan, the unconscious is responsible for this, both in philosopher’s and narcissist’s discourse. The narcissistic idea of the One is provoked by the hopes of finding the unity of the self. The narcissist is painfully aware of the fragmentation of the inner experience and tries to reassemble the self through identification with the object of desire, which in Lacanian psychoanalysis is called object a. The ideal for the narcissist is complete autarky, when the total unity is embodied in the figure of the Big Other. Lacan demonstrates that the One in the narcissistic experience is an image of the narcissistic self, idealized and purified from any specific content. Structurally, the same logic is reproduced in philosophical discourse, only the One is described as the highest transcendental reality. Thus, Lacan concludes that the instance that gives impetus to the idea of the One is unconscious fantasy. The driving force behind this process is the combination of desire and pleasure. By examining the position of pleasure, Lacanian psychoanalysis reconstructs the ‘ontology’ and ‘ethics’ of the unconscious that guides it in its constructing the fantasy of the total One.

Searching for the Exotic: Textiles, Orientalism, and Identities

Textiles, with their economic, sartorial, and identity-constructing functions, have long been at the center of cultural discourses, whether narrative or visual. Objects of desire, but also objects of curiosity, textiles have been the topic of costume books, offered in diplomatic exchanges, collected by private collectors and museums alike, and have traveled, sometimes as sample books. Their Othering function did not only differentiate between members of different civilizations, but also the members of the same society, where clothing was used to signal rank and function. The case studies presented intend to elaborate further on the role and symbolism associated with textiles, by reiterating their centrality in their various forms, whether costume albums (Cabrera Lafuente), collected textile pieces (Coman), costumes created for the burgeoning film industry (Kulpa), or as samples for a society wardrobe (Parry-Williams). The common characteristics of the specific examples build on the use of textiles to signal Othering, exotic curiosity, and even sexually charged sensuality, or Orientalist interest in the Asia Minor populations. In many of the examples analyzed, the impact of Western and Western-influenced discourses is discernible, to the point of the self-fashioning of a collector originating from interwar Romania (a former Danubian Principalities tributary to the Ottoman Empire) who commissioned a portrait of himself wearing the clothing of what he calls an “Arab sheikh.” During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Western world embraced a broadly racialized perspective, Othering non-white peoples in the colonial context. Orientalism served as an intellectual justification for imperialism, portraying the Eastern world as ‘primitive’, and in need of modernization through the civilizing mission. Colonial empires thrived on essentialist representations, establishing a binary division between The Orient and The Occident, perpetuating the Western Self and the non-western Other. Orientalism played a role in cultural imperialism by promoting homogenization, feminization, and essentialization, reinforcing the perceived superiority of Western civilization. Even though we have been living in a postcolonial world for decades, the study of Exoticism, Othering, and Orientalism remains relevant, and demands scholarly inquiry. This brings forth the need for a specific methodology inherent to each case study and, at the same time, unites them in the nuanced approach to the main applied concepts.

Single-layer 2D supramolecular-organic-framework-supported polyoxometalates: efficient selective oxidation of toluene in seawater under sunlight

Performing organic reactions in water, in particular in seawater under sunlight, is a desirable objective in chemistry because both are the most abundant and cheapest resources on earth. Herein, we...

Estimated-State Feedback Fuzzy Compensator Design via a Decentralized Approach for Nonlinear-State-Unmeasured Interconnected Descriptor Systems

This paper investigates the decentralized fuzzy control problems for nonlinear-state-unmeasured interconnected descriptor systems (IDSs) that utilize the observer-based-feedback approach and the proportional–derivative feedback control (PDFC) method. First of all, the IDS is represented as interconnected Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy subsystems. These subsystems can effectively capture the dynamic behavior of the system through fuzzy rules. For the stability analysis of the system, this paper uses the free-weighing Lyapunov function (FWLF), which allows the designer to set the weight matrix, to achieve the desired control performance and design the controller more easily. Furthermore, the control problem can be transformed into a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) through the Schur complement, which can be solved using convex optimization methods. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving the desired control objectives and ensuring system stability.

O regresso do inatingível objeto de desejo. Leitura do conto de Henry James “O Altar dos Mortos”

Authors like Freud and Lacan often recurred to fiction in order to illustrate psychopathological structures. Starting from a psychoanalytical perspective, this paper focuses on the main character of the short story ‘The Altar of the Dead’ by Henry James. We argue that the different strategies he displays during his life, as described by the author, are in fact a way to avoid confronting the object of desire and suggest an obsessional structure. For the obsessional subject, all that matters is to assure the object’s subsistence while making it untouchable. Desire is thus conceived as impossible, and this is one of the ways of granting the ex-sistence of the object that arouses it. The idealization of death, the inhibition of sensual love and the ritualization of his existence are the symptoms of a personal struggle that will prove to be absolutely unsolvable.

자크 라캉의 이론으로 접근한 “여름과 연기” 속 ‘알마’의 욕망

In this study, I approach and examine the desire of Alma among the characters in Tennessee Williams' play “Summer and Smoke” with Jacques Lacan's theory. To develop the discussion, I first understand Jacques Lacan's theory of desire. Each characteristic was organized by dividing the three areas of desire that Lacan emphasized: the imaginary world, the symbolic world, and the real world. Based on this, the desire acting on Alma's unconscious mind was analyzed. The analysis was focused on the texts of the “Summer and Smoke” play, and Alma's words and actions were closely examined in the scene where the desire for each stage was revealed. As a result, it was possible to understand how Alma's desire entered the real world through the imaginary and symbolic worlds, and how the object of desire was changing accordingly. Thus, it was confirmed that words and actions that contradict the super-objective of the character in the work can be explained on the basis of a psychoanalytically approached desire. Although this character analysis does not make a very different interpretation of Alma, it could suggest the possibility of being applied as a tool to create complex characters reflecting complex modern society in more depth.

‘You see all these really beautiful people… and then, you look at yourself’: bodies matter in teenage girls’ engagement with porn

ABSTRACT This article focuses on South African teenage girls’ engagement with pornography. Using a decolonial approach and drawing upon new feminist materialism, this study focuses on the ways in which bodies, gender and sexuality configure to produce and constrain girls’ capacities for sexual expression. The paper makes three claims. First, the article turns away from a one-sided representation of girls as only possible to know through the lens of sexual suffering while challenging childhood sexual innocence. Second, the online pornographic field is situated in a gendered and racialised system of organisation whereby the perfect body is naturalised as an esteemed object of desire. Third, the desire for the perfect, slim, blemish-free, hairless body through self-surveillance constricts capacities in line with normative standards of female beauty. A decolonial porn assemblage is harnessed to illustrate the contradictions produced as girls both desire and object to idealised bodies that are naturalised through heterosexual and racialised hierarchies. The paper concludes by considering the implications of approaching girls’ engagement with pornography in relation to the expansion and limitation of their capacities and the body as an intense site of power.

Research collaboration in development economics

AbstractAchieving greater geographical diversity in economics in general, and in the field of development in particular, is a desirable objective due to ethical and utilitarian reasons. In this article, we analyze geographical diversity in the main academic journals of the discipline, providing a detailed look at articles written in collaboration between researchers from developed and developing countries. Our results confirm the striking prevalence of articles written by researchers based in developed countries. We also detect an increase in collaborative research in time and highlight the importance of non‐academic institutions in the conformation of these collaborative research teams. In terms of contents, most of these collaborations address the study of a country or a region, and many of them are empirical, mainly using quantitative approaches. Integrating a collaborative research team allows researchers located in the developing world to publish in higher quality journals and get more impact, at least in terms of citations.

Optimal tracking control of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle: A PMP approach

This paper addresses the optimal tracking control problem of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP). The formulation uses a choice of Hamiltonian function using the desired control objective with AUV dynamics acting as dynamic constraints. We first develop PMP based on AUV kinematics and then extend it to the dynamics to arrive at optimal thrusts and moments. Necessary conditions for optimality are derived for both the models using PMP, which results in optimal trajectories that simultaneously minimize the tracking error as well as the control cost, thereby arriving at energy optimality. It was observed that the adjoint variables (costates) are indeed the momenta in the inertial and body-fixed frames. At the kinematic level, this forms a stable solution. The developed methodology is applied to both 2D and 3D AUV model with disturbances due to inputs and ocean currents. Numerical simulations are carried out with the derived control laws for a given trajectory tracking target. Quantitative evaluation of the performance and comparison of the controller is done using Mean Square Error(MSE) and Total Variation(TV) measures. The proposed control laws are found to achieve the desired control objectives.

Anaysis of Arabic Textbooks in Character Education Curriculum Framework K13

Background: Textbooks are books that contain knowledge that is the result of an analysis of the curriculum in written form to achieve the desired learning objectives. However, in several textbooks, problems were found that the contents of the books were not following the curriculum content standards and textbook standards. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the contents of Arabic textbooks. Purpose: This research is to analyze the Arabic language textbooks of Madrasah Aliyah based on the K13 character education framework. Method: The method used in this study is a literature study. As for data analysis, the authors used content analysis techniques based on the realm of spiritual attitudes, the realm of social attitudes, the realm of knowledge, and the realm of skills as stated in the 2013 curriculum. Results and Discussion: The results of the analysis of the qira'ah material Chapter II Arabic language textbooks for class XI Madrasah Aliyah in odd semesters show that in the material entitled al hayah as shihiyyah there is knowledge value in the form of scientific integration. Skill value, students have skills in combining knowledge between health sciences and Islamic religious knowledge. The value of a spiritual attitude, namely being good at being grateful, and a social attitude, namely by maintaining, setting an example, and inviting others to always apply a healthy lifestyle in life. Conclusions and Implications: Arabic textbook by H.D. Hidayat class XI is following the Core Competencies and Basic Competencies formulated in the 2013 General Curriculum. The implications of the results of this analysis are in the form of interpretations that can be used as additional explanations in learning Arabic.

영화 “리틀 포레스트”의 기호학적 분석

“Little Forest” is a Korean film, created by director Lim Soon-rye in 2018, This study aims to investigate the narrative structure of “Little Forest” through semiotic models, focusing on 'actant model’ and 'carre semiotique' suggested by Greimas. In the analysis applying actant model, the object of desire pursued by Hyewon, the protagonist of the movie, is a life that pursues self-sufficiency, cherishing present happiness in the countryside. As the object of desire becomes life filled with self-sufficiency, antagonist faction becomes urban life, where tensions and pressures are naturalized for the future. Since no character who forms a direct conflict with Hyewon in the film, the antagonist is not presented as a concrete figure but at an abstract level called urban life. When analyzed by carre semiotique, urban life is a life dictated by the present society that naturalizes competition and performance-oriented value. The forbidden area in the opposite relationship presented by carre semiotique is a life that pursues self-sufficiency, realizing human values that urban life in a capitalist society cannot provide. Revealing critical perspective on urban life in Seoul, the film gives a chance to rethink personal life that increases self-satisfaction.

Visible light driven S-scheme GQDs/BiOBr heterojunction with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B and mechanism insight

A crucial and desirable objective in the wastewater treatment field is to design photocatalysts that can efficiently remove emerging pollutants while also being environmental-friendly. This work proposed a novel graphene quantum dots/BiOBr (GQDs/BiOBr) heterojunction with strong interfacial interactions through a hydrothermal method. Consequently, in just 140 min, RhB was almost entirely photodegraded by the GQDs/BiOBr and a rate constant 3.26 times higher than pristine BiOBr. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of GQDs/BiOBr was primarily associated with strengthened visible light absorption and improved charge transfer efficiency, as demonstrated through both experimental characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Furthermore, with only a minor alteration in the surface chemical structure, GQDs/BiOBr retained strong photocatalytic ability after five cycles (RhB degradation of 85.17 %). The construction mechanism of S-scheme heterojunction, photogenerated carriers' transfer and photocatalytic mechanism were deduced by DFT calculation. The results derived from the radical trapping experiments as well as electron spin resonance (ESR) indicated that the presence of h+ and ·O2− were crucial for the degradation process of RhB. Finally, possible degradation intermediates had been identified and pathways of RhB were proposed, and the results of the toxicity assessment showed that ecotoxicity could be reduced or even eliminated. This effective and reliable visible-light-driven photocatalyst may be applied to build a photocatalytic degradation system for the environmentally friendly and energy-efficient removal of organic pollutants.

Hunting the Braganza Diamond: Semiosis conveyed by splendor and secrecy

The Braganza (Bragança) diamond – also known as the Great Diamond of Portugal – is considered a mystery, although it seems more accurate saying that it’s a secret. In a strategy here called ludibrium, or a kind of dissimulation game, it appears that since the first news – concerning its discovery in Brazil around 1741 and delivery to King João V of Portugal in the following year – the stone was successively mentioned as being a white sapphire, then a white topaz and more recently an aquamarine, when in fact it was a dark yellow diamond with an oblong shape and about 1680 carats in weight with a specific mark. Being the largest known diamond in the world until the Cullinan’s discovery in 1905, it was an object of desire, becoming dangerous in face of the wolfish greed of European powers. So, its existence is expressed in the tension between the exhibition as a royal adornment of undeniable aesthetic and symbolic value, and the omission from the records and inventories of the crown jewels. However, there is indelible iconic evidence that the stone was exhibited by the Prince of Brazil D. José and later by Queen Maria II of Portugal and, covertly, also by King João VI. There are also explicit reports that the diamond was pawned by King Carlos I in the early 20th century, presumably with a long-term contract. A plausible hypothesis is sketched relative to its possible fate, anchored in the compatibility of physical traits and a fetishist injunction.

Women’s football subculture of misogyny: the escalation to online gender-based violence

ABSTRACT Research question Given the worldwide growth of women’s football and its presence on social media, it is essential to explore and understand fan attitudes and culture. Research methods This article provides the first empirical social media netnography focusing on English women’s football teams (Manchester United and Burnley) and international fan views towards women professional players on TikTok. We extend this discussion by utilising a netnography in which researchers immersed themselves for seven months in women’s football groups on TikTok to gather and analyse new qualitative data in this context. Results and Findings We identify the escalation of gender-based violence on social media against women players. Four key themes emerged from the netnography: 1. Sexism: the place of women in football; 2. Misogyny and hatred of women; 3. Sexualisation of women; 4. Demand for a male-only space. Sexist comments were apparent in all of the TikTok posts containing female football players, with some also containing more aggressive misogynistic comments. Other dominant comments sought to reduce women to objects of sexual desire and belittle their professional skills, whereas others were appalled at the presence of female players on the clubs’ official accounts, demanding them to be a male-only space. Implications The study contributes to the understanding of online fan cultures on complex, video-based platforms such as TikTok. Through literature review and netnography, we identified a problem for football clubs on social media of longstanding, problematic issues of toxic fan comments.

397 Field Demonstration Analyzing the Implementation of Individual Animal Electronic Identification and Genetic Testing in Western Range Sheep Flocks

Abstract The lack of individual performance records derived from an extensively driven production system coupled with impracticality to utilize reproductive technologies makes commercial genetic improvement challenging in small ruminants. We collaborated with five producers throughout California to assess how Electronic ID (EID) and a genotyping panel can augment the productivity of a flock. We sought to study how the data collected from these technologies can hasten genetic improvement towards desirable operational objectives. Familiarity and use of EID tags on ranches at the start of the research varied; thus, allowing for a qualitative reflection on the perceptions of the participants of the usefulness of this technology. We partnered with Superior Farms, a slaughterhouse, to evaluate their targeted genotyping panel, Flock54. Flock54 is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel containing 956 markers for assigning pedigree and includes markers linked to quantitative trait loci and/or known single gene causative markers to aid in disease management and fecundity scoring. Ear notch samples were collected from 2,963 animals for analysis. This included 305 total sires as well as their progeny, 989 female lambs and 1,669 male lambs, which were marketed. Nine lambs were positive at a fecundity marker. No other notable results were found from the Flock54 panel. Genomic data was used to ascertain prolific sires on every ranch; however, ram to ewe ratio altered the influence that a prolific sire had on a lamb crop. The lowest ram to ewe ratio was 1:10. Parentage results from this ranch reports the following progeny metrics: Average: 9.9 males (±12.5); Median: 4 males; Max: 61 males, minimum 1 male. In contrast, the greatest ram to ewe ratio was 1:50. Parentage results from this ranch reports the following progeny metrics: Average: 51.9 (± 41.7); Median: 43.5; Max: 135; Minimum: 4,524 carcass samples from terminal lambs at two ranches were processed at Superior Farms` plant and assessed with a USDA inspected camera grading system. Progeny contemporary group deviations were calculated for hot carcass weight, yield grade, ovine cutability calculation (OCC), and OCC yield. After coupling carcass metrics with USDA reported prices, we identified prolific sires within the flock that garnered significantly higher and lower dollar merit at slaughter. A two-tailed Student`s T-test was used on the dollar deviation of edible product sold to identify if there was a statistically significant difference (P-value < 0.05) between a given ram`s progeny and the rest of the progeny slaughtered. We found that twenty-three out of the forty-three rams with progeny from one ranch had a statistically significant dollar deviation difference with a T-value greater than 2.0167. For the other ranch, we found that nineteen out of the thirty-five rams with progeny had a statistically significant difference with a T-value greater than 2.0301.

Disgusting, dumb, depressing: affective encounters with heterosexuality in gay pornography

ABSTRACT This article investigates the affective encounters between heterosexuality and homosexuality within gay pornography. Looking at three examples – Fraternity X’s Trump Pump, Men.Com’s Fuck the Phony, and Icon Male’s The Therapist – affective resonances of disgust, amusement, and sadness (respectively) are uncovered. Academic writing on straightness in gay pornography has often emphasized either its oppressive effects or its subversive effects. While these three case studies are widely different in tone, style, and content, they all incorporate a more ambivalent affective relationship between gayness and the heteromasculine power represented by straight men than previously discussed. All three films mix the erotic adoration of straight men with derision and mockery, allowing heteromasculinity to remain an object of desire while still maintaining an affirmative gay identity.

A115Developing a simulation course for Advanced Clinical Practice-Challenges of designing for a diverse interprofessional group

There is increased availability and development of the advanced clinical practitioner (ACP) course to upskill allied health professionals in clinical, leadership and supervision areas [1]. Locally, ACPs and ACPs in training have not previously had simulation integrated into their training for this role despite this being considered an effective learning method for communication skills [2]. The simulation department was approached with funding to develop a course to add variation to their development programme and enhance learning in areas better targeted through simulation. A survey was sent to the ACP cohort to ascertain their desired learning objectives from simulation training. Then the team met a focus group of ACP trainees to further explore their varied roles and the expected changes moving to the ACP role. From this research, a 1-day course was developed to include scenarios with themes felt to be widely applicable across the umbrella of ‘advanced clinical practice’. Examples included; managing patient expectations, challenging hierarchy, safeguarding, learning disability, mental capacity assessment, difficult supervision. Two courses have been completed with a mix of ACP roles, and scenarios adapted to apply to the specific participants. The debriefs explored how the scenario theme could be applied cross discipline and gave an opportunity for these senior healthcare professionals to share experiences and their individual management strategies. This was a stimulating but challenging course to develop given the seniority and multidisciplinary background of the target group. This required significant creativity and adaptability from the organizing team and multiple scenarios to be designed for participants. The courses generated valuable discussion and all candidates reported the day to be a useful experience with specific learning and development taken from the day. Limitations included some allocated scenarios were felt to be outside the usual job remit of the allocated participant, which could impact on the authenticity and psychological safety of the scenario for that candidate. Despite this, useful discussion of the intended themes was still possible, and this was reinforced by the experience brought from the candidates present. Even though ACPs may have similar more complex learning needs in line with their required capabilities, this is challenging to translate into a transferable and valuable simulation course when targeting multiple disciplines with varying amounts of senior experience. We reflect on ways to approach this in the future and would be open to opinions from our esteemed education colleagues. Authors confirm that all relevant ethical standards for research conduct and dissemination have been met. The submitting author confirms that relevant ethical approval was granted, if applicable.